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Samsudin, Ahmad Salihin
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Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Electrical & Electronics Engineering Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mechanical Engineering

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Improvement of Electrical Properties of CMC-PVA Doped with Various Contents of LiNO3 as an Application for Hybrid Polymer Electrolytes Zulkifli, Amalia; Mazuki, Norfatihah; Samsudin, Ahmad Salihin
Makara Journal of Technology Vol. 25, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

The present work was carried out with the development of hybrid polymer electrolytes (HPEs) by using carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)–polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) doped with different contents of lithium nitrate (LiNO3) for the determination of their structural and conduction properties. The structural analysis was conducted by using Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy and showed the interaction between the blend host polymer and ionic dopant, which formed via the coordinating site of CMC-PVA and Li+-NO3−. The complexes of CMC-PVA doped LiNO3 led to an increment in ionic conductivity, as observed by electrical impedance spectroscopy, and the sample containing 20 wt% LiNO3 obtained the highest ionic conductivity of 3.54 × 10−3 S cm−1 at room temperature. The ionic conductivity at different temperatures (from 303 K to 343 K) was measured and found to obey the Arrhenius rule. The activation energies of the HPEs were computed based on the Arrhenius equation and were inversely proportional to the ionic conductivity. The highest ionic conducting sample was fabricated into an electrical double layer capacitor (EDLC). Cyclic voltammetry (CV) was used to study the electrochemical performance of the EDLC. A high value of Cs was obtained at 2 mVs−1 due to the utilization of ions in the vacant sites of the electrode material.
Influence of Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) in CMC-NH4BR Based Polymer Electrolytes: Conductivity and Electrical Study Zainuddin, Nur Khalidah; Samsudin, Ahmad Salihin
Makara Journal of Technology Vol. 21, No. 1
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The present work was carried with new type and promising polymer electrolytes system by development of carboxyl methylcellulose (CMC) doped NH4Br and plasticized with polyethylene glycol (PEG). The sample was successfully prepared via solution casting with no separation phase and good mechanical properties. The electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity of CMC-NH4Br-PEG based PEs system have been measured by the electrical impedance spectroscopy method in the temperature range of 303–373 K. The highest ionic conductivity gained is 2.48 x 10-3 Scm-1 at ambient temperature for sample contain with 8 wt. % PEG. It can be concluded that the plasticized is accountable for the conductance and assist to enhancing the ionic conductivity of the CMC-NH4Br-PEG electrolyte system. The addition of PEG to the CMC-based electrolyte can enhance towards the cation mobility which is turn increases ionic conductivity. The conductivity-temperature of plasticized BdPEs system was found obeys the Arrhenius relation where the ionic conductivity increases with temperature and activation energy for the ions hopping of the highest conducting PEs system only required small value to migrate. The electrical studies show a non-Debye behaviour of BdPEs based on the analyzed data using complex permittivity, ε* and complex electrical modulus, M* of the sample at different temperature.
A Study on Dielectric Properties of The Cellulose Derivative-NH4Br-Glycerol- Based The Solid Polymer Electrolyte System Rasali, Nur Muhitul Jalilah; Muzakir, Saifful Kamaluddin; Samsudin, Ahmad Salihin
Makara Journal of Technology Vol. 21, No. 2
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The characterization of biopolymer-based solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) has been carried out in this present work. Cellulose derivative was chosen due to its superior physical attributes. In this work, NH4Br-doped glycerol plasticized carboxyl methylcellulose-based SPEs were successfully prepared via the solution casting method. The conductivity and dielectric properties of the prepared films were investigated using the impedance analysis which presented ~1.91×10-3 Scm-1 (with addition of 6 wt% of glycerol). In addition, the studied SPE system shows a non-Debye behaviour without a single relaxation time. The findings of the research indicate that the complexes of NH4Br and glycerol in the cellulose derivative influence the ionic conductivity and dielectric properties of the SPE system.
Immittance Response on Carboxymethyl Cellulose Blend with Polyvinyl Alcohol- Doped Ammonium Bromide-Based Biopolymer Electrolyte Mazuki, Norfatihah; Nagao, Yuki; Samsudin, Ahmad Salihin
Makara Journal of Technology Vol. 22, No. 3
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The blended carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) doped with various compositions of ammonium bromide (NH4Br)-based solid biopolymer electrolytes (SBEs) were prepared by using the casting method. In this present work, CMC/PVA–NH4Br SBE thin film was used to investigate the electrical conductivity via electrical impedance spectroscopy. The maximum conductivity obtained was 3.21 X 10−4 S cm−1 for sample AB20 at ambient temperature (303 K), and this result might be due to the increased number of charge carrier. A dielectric study was conducted to understand the conductivity behavior. The electrical properties have been measured as a function of frequency of ɛr, ɛi, Mr, and Mi, indicating a non-Debye type behavior.
Transition Metal Dichalcogenide for High-Performance Electrode of Supercapacitor Muzakir, Saifful Kamaluddin; Samsudin, Ahmad Salihin; Sahraoui, Bouchta
Makara Journal of Technology Vol. 22, No. 3
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Molybdenum dichalcogenides have been reviewed from the perspectives of bandgap, conductivity, and oxidation states of transition metal. Researchers have concluded that a narrow-bandgap transition metal dichalcogenide with high conductivity could be achieved for the high-performance electrode of a supercapacitor.
Electrical Properties of A Novel Solid Biopolymer Electrolyte based on Algi-nate Incorporated with Citric Acid Ahmad Fuzlin, Ahmad Faizrin; Ismail, Noor Syahida; Nagao, Yuki; Samsudin, Ahmad Salihin
Makara Journal of Technology Vol. 23, No. 1
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In the present study, a novel solid biopolymer electrolyte (SBE) system is introduced by doping citric acid into alginate polymer. A sample of the alginate-citric acid SBE system was prepared via a solution casting technique. Using electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), the electrolytes of alginate-citric acid analyzed from 5 Hz to 1 MHz achieved the highest conductivity at 20 wt.% of 5.49 × 10-7 S cm-1. The temperature dependence of various citric acid amounts obeyed the Arrhenius rule with R2~1, where all SBE systems were thermally activated with increasing temperature. The dielectric studies of the alginate-citric acid SBE system showed non-Debye behavior based on data measured using complex permittivity (ε*) and complex electrical modulus (M*) at selected temperature, where no single relation was found in the new biopolymer electrolyte system.
Molecularly Conductive Behavior of Blended Polymer Electrolyte-based CMC/PVA Mohd Ali, Noor Saadiah; Zhang, Dishen; Nagao, Yuki; Samsudin, Ahmad Salihin
Makara Journal of Technology Vol. 23, No. 1
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This study investigated the electrical conduction and structural behavior of blended polymer electrolyte (BPE)-based carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) in the development of solid-state electrochemical devices. Based on impedance spectroscopy and correlating Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) with thermogravimetric analysis, a framework was proposed to explain the structural enhancement of the BPE system. As revealed by FTIR, the optimum conductivity of CMC/PVA BPEs was 9.21 × 10−6 Scm−1 for 80:20 composition attributed to the intermolecular attraction between the polymers. Thermal stability of the CMC/PVA was influenced by the formation of a hydrogen bond between the hydroxyl (-OH), carboxylate (-COO-), and ether linkage (-COC-) functional groups. The finding provides insights into blended polymer electrolyte-based CMC/PVA, which is beneficial in designing safe, thin, and lightweight energy storage devices.
Ionic Conductivity and Electrochemical Properties of Alginate–NN4NO3-Based Biopolymer Electrolytes for EDLC Application Mazuki, Norfatihah binti; Rasali, Nur Muhitul Jalilah; Sahraoui, Bouchta; Samsudin, Ahmad Salihin
Makara Journal of Technology Vol. 24, No. 1
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In this work, alginate doped with various contents of ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3) as a solid biopolymer electrolyte (SBE) was prepared via casting by using distilled water as a solvent. Impedance studies on alginate–NH4NO3 SBE films were conducted via impedance spectroscopy. The lowest bulk resistance (Rb) showed that the maximum ionic conductivity of the sample containing 25 wt.% NH4NO3 at ambient temperature (303 K) was 5.56 × 10−5 S cm−1. The temperature dependence of ionic conductivity was evaluated, and results confirmed that electrolytes followed an Arrhenius behavior. The highest conducting sample was fabricated into an electrical double-layer capacitor and characterized in terms of its electrochemical properties through cyclic voltammetry (CV) and galvanostatic charge–discharge (GCD) measurement. CV analysis indicated that specific capacitance decreased as the scan rate increased. Conversely, GCD analysis showed that specific capacitance almost remained unchanged for up to 5000 cycles.
Ethylene Carbonate and Polyethylene Glycol as Efficient Plasticizers in CMC-PVA-NH4NO3-Based Polymer Electrolyte Mohd Ali, Noor Saadiah; Nagao, Yuki; Samsudin, Ahmad Salihin
Makara Journal of Technology Vol. 24, No. 1
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This study investigated the influence of plasticizers (polyethylene glycol [PEG] and ethylene carbonate [EC]) on the ionic conduction of CMC-PVA-NH4NO3. Blended biopolymer electrolytes (BBEs) based on carboxymethyl cellulose–polyvinyl alcohol (CMC-PVA) doped with ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3) were obtained via casting solution technique incorporated with PEG and EC, which acted as plasticizers. Electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) was conducted to evaluate the effect of plasticization on the ionic conduction properties. The ionic conductivity improved from 1.70 × 10−3 S/cm for un-plasticized BBEs to 3.92 × 10−3 S/cm for plasticized BBEs with EC and 3.00 × 10−3 S/cm for plasticized BBEs with PEG. The improvement indicated that the plasticizers weakened the Coulombic force and promoted further dissociation in the ionic dopant. The highest ionic conductivity was achieved for BBEs plasticized with EC, thereby suggesting the suitability of EC as plasticizer in this present system. The BBE system showed the Arrhenius characteristic at elevated temperatures and demonstrated increasing ionic conductivity. Dielectric properties of all BBE systems were found to improve upon the addition of EC and PEG, demonstrating their correlation with ionic conductivity.
Influence of Lithium Bromide on Electrical Properties in Bio-based Polymer Electrolytes Fuzlin, Ahmad Faizrin; Sahraoui, Bouchta; Samsudin, Ahmad Salihin
Makara Journal of Technology Vol. 24, No. 3
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This research presents the influence of lithium bromide (LiBr) on the electrical properties of alginate in bio-based polymer electrolytes (BBPEs) system. Bio-based alginate was prepared using the solution casting technique with various LiBr compositions. The ionic conductivity and electrical properties of the prepared BBPEs samples were studied using electrical impedance spectroscopy over a frequency range of 50 Hz–1 MHz. A maximum ionic conductivity of 7.46 × 10−5 S cm-1 was obtained for a sample containing 15 wt. % lithium bromide-doped alginate BBPEs at ambient temperature (303 K). The electrical analysis revealed that the most conductive sample based on alginate-LiBr BBPEs has optimum dielectric constant and loss, which significantly increases as temperature increases. The dielectric properties show that all alginate-LiBr BBPEs are in non-Debye behavior conditions, where no single relaxation occurs in the present system.
Co-Authors Ahmad Fuzlin, Ahmad Faizrin Ali, Noor Saadiah Mohd Fuzlin, Ahmad Faizrin Fuzlin, Ahmad Faizrin Ahmad Ismail, Noor Syahida Khan, Nurhasniza Mamajan Mazuki, Norfatihah Mazuki, Norfatihah binti Mohd Ali, Noor Saadiah Muzakir, Saifful Kamaluddin Nagao, Yuki Rasali, Nur Muhitul Jalilah Sahraoui, Bouchta Zainuddin, Nur Khalidah Zhang, Dishen Zulkifli, Amalia