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All Journal Jurnal Sains Teh dan Kina Makara Journal of Science
Izumi Okane, Izumi
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Computer Science & IT Environmental Science Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Mechanical Engineering

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Alkaloid profile of endophytic Diaporthe spp. from Cinchona calisaya Radiastuti, Nani; Rahayu, Gayuh; Okane, Izumi; Hidayat, Iman; Achmadi, Suminar S.
Jurnal Penelitian Teh dan Kina Vol 18, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Research Institute for Tea and Cinchona

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (420.162 KB) | DOI: 10.22302/pptk.jur.jptk.v18i1.69

Abstract

Endophytic fungi have been known as potential source of bioactive compound, similar to their host.  This study was conducted to identify endophytic Diaporthe spp. isolated from Cinchona calisaya and to explore their potential in producing alkaloids, particularly quinine. A total of 39 strains of Diaporthe spp. were identified using ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 and EF1-α gene. Seventeen strains have species name and they represent eight species of Diaporthe i.e. D. cynaroidis, D. endophytica, D. ganjae, D. gardeniae, D. litchicola, D. phaseolorum, D. pseudomangiferae, and D. rhoina. The re­maining 22 strains represents 15 groups of unidentified Diaporthe sp. High performance liquid chromatography analyses of chloroform extract of 21-days old static cultures of all fungi in potato dextrose broth showed that these strains produce totally 82 different alkaloids. Each strain producedabout 2-38 different alkaloids. Sixteen out of 39 strains (41%), i.e. one strain each of D. endophytica, D. gar­deniae,  D. phaseolorum, and  D. pseudo­mangiferae, 2 strains of D. litchicola, and 10 strains of unidentified Diaporthe were able to produce quinine. The quinine concentration ranges from 1.1 mg/l to 155.2 mg/l. By using Jaccard’s similarity index 0.44 as the cutting score, UPGMA analyses of alkaloid profile of these strains shows that these strains forms 23 clusters. Alkaloid profile clustering does not support the phylogenetic grouping. This indicates that the alkaloid profile is strain dependent. Some potential strains should be further investigated for optimization of their quinine production.
Fungal Community of Culturable Fungal Endophytes Associated with Cinchona calisaya Collected from Gambung, West Java, Indonesia Hidayat, Iman; Radiastuti, Nani; Rahayu, Gayuh; Okane, Izumi
Makara Journal of Science
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Previous studies regarding endophytic fungi associated with Cinchona were focused on the analysis of quinine and related fungal metabolites. In the current study, the community structure of culturable endophytic fungi associated with C. calisaya (i.e., leaf, petiole, twig, root, flower, and fruit) were analyzed and elucidated. Representative isolates from various morphotypes were identified based on a sequence generated from the Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) rDNA region. A total of 638 fungal strains were isolated from 700 plant segments. All isolates belong to the phylum Ascomycota and are dominated by a member of Sordariomycetes. The fungal endophyte community within C. cali-saya consists of 23 known species, 10 species complexes, and 6 unidentified species. Based on the Shannon-Wiener diversity index, the leaves and fruits host the most diverse endophytic fungi, followed by twigs, petioles, and bark. Members of the genus Diaporthe are commonly found in all C. calisaya organs. Neofussicoccum sp. was only one found within twigs; the Colletotrichum gloeosporioides complex and Guignardia mangiferae were only found within leaves; the C. brasiliense complex was detected in flowers; and Fusarium oxysporum is specific to roots.
Co-Authors Gayuh Rahayu Iman Hidayat Nani Radiastuti Suminar S. Achmadi