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All Journal International Journal of Business, Economics, and Social Development Ekonomikalia Journal of Economics Journal of Educational Management and Learning Indatu Journal of Management and Accounting
Irsan Hardi
Economic Modeling And Data Analytics Unit, Graha Primera Saintifika, Aceh Besar 23371, Indonesia
Humanities Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Energy Environmental Science Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Mathematics Social Sciences Other

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Determinants Comparative Advantage of Non-Oil Export 34 Provinces in Indonesia Irsan Hardi; Taufiq Carnegie Dawood; Putri Bintusy Syathi
International Journal of Business, Economics, and Social Development Vol 2, No 3 (2021)
Publisher : Research Collaboration Community (RCC)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46336/ijbesd.v2i3.137

Abstract

In spite of the country’s export activities constantly increase every year, based on the latest report Indonesia still sits at number 28th in the world's top export countries, consider Indonesia as one of the most populated nations and its rich natural resources. There is so much research in the literature about this issue, but to the author’s knowledge, there is still a lack of studies that analyze the performance of non-oil export comparative advantage between provinces in Indonesia instead of between its commodities. The purpose of this research is (1st) to compare non-oil exports comparative advantage between 34 provinces in Indonesia and (2nd) to prove the effect of chosen factors which are a foreign direct investment, local direct investment, inflation, interest rate, exchange rate, population, labor, minimum wage, education, income disparity, regional GDP, government expenditure, and GDP of importing country toward provinces comparative advantage of non-oil export. This research using provinces panel data years 2010-2019. The method of this study is Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) index and Trade Balance Index (TBI) to unveil non-oil export comparative advantage between 34 provinces in Indonesia and panel data regression to estimate the impact of determinant factors. The result of comparative advantage index estimation shows that 24 provinces have a comparative advantage based on the RCA index approach and 32 provinces have a comparative advantage based on the TBI approach on non-oil export activities year 2010-2019. The result of panel data regression found that 9 out of 13 determinant variables had a significant effect on the RCA index namely foreign direct investment, local direct investment, exchange rate, population, labor, minimum wage, income disparity, regional GDP, and government expenditure. Then 6 out of 13 determinant variables had a significant effect on TBI which are a local direct investment, interest rate, exchange rate, education, income disparity, and regional GDP.
Decrypting the Relationship Between Corruption and Human Development: Evidence from Indonesia Irsan Hardi; Jumadil Saputra; Rahmilia Hadiyani; Ar Razy Ridha Maulana; Ghalieb Mutig Idroes
Ekonomikalia Journal of Economics Vol. 1 No. 1 (2023): July 2023
Publisher : Heca Sentra Analitika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.60084/eje.v1i1.22

Abstract

Corruption is considered endemic in a large part of the world's population and is believed to be a factor that disrupts market behavior and distorts competition, thereby hindering economic growth and human development. This study aims to unveil the impact of corruption on Indonesia's human development through various approaches, utilizing Fully-Modified Ordinary Least Squares (FMOLS), Dynamic Ordinary Least Squares (DOLS), Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA), Path Analysis, and Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) methods, with data covering the period from 1995 to 2022. The results of the estimation are discussed in three parts: 1) Dynamic Impact, by analyzing the long-term direct effect of corruption on human development; 2) Indirect Impact, by examining the role of government expenditure, tax revenue, and public debt in mediating the effect of corruption on human development; and 3) Causal Impact, by determining the unidirectional and bidirectional relationships between all variables studied. The findings indicate that corruption does not have a lasting direct impact on human development. Moreover, government expenditure and public debt play a role in moderating the impact of corruption on human development. Additionally, there is no causal link between corruption and human development, whereas there are causal connections between human development, government expenditure, tax revenue, and public debt. The results of this study will be valuable in assessing the extent of corruption's impact on human development, particularly in Indonesia, and aim to raise awareness of policymakers, hence encouraging individuals to participate in combating corruption.
Unveiling the Carbon Footprint: Biomass vs. Geothermal Energy in Indonesia Ghalieb Mutig Idroes; Sofyan Syahnur; M. Shabri Abd Majid; Rinadi Idroes; Fitranto Kusumo; Irsan Hardi
Ekonomikalia Journal of Economics Vol. 1 No. 1 (2023): July 2023
Publisher : Heca Sentra Analitika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.60084/eje.v1i1.47

Abstract

Global climate change, caused by greenhouse gases (GHGs) emissions, particularly carbon dioxide (CO2), has an enormous and unprecedented impact on our planet's ecosystem, development, and long-term sustainability. This study investigates the dynamic impact of biomass and geothermal energy on CO2 emissions in Indonesia from 2000 to 2020. Employing the Green Solow model with the approach of Fully-Modified Ordinary Least Squares (FMOLS), Dynamic Ordinary Least Squares (DOLS), Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) and Pairwise Granger causality test. The cointegration tests suggest the existence of a long-term equilibrium relationship between CO2 emissions, biomass, and geothermal energy. Empirical evidence reveals that although biomass and geothermal energy positively influence CO2 emissions, their overall impact is relatively low. This highlights the potential for these renewable energy sources to contribute to CO2 reduction and promote environmental sustainability. The Granger causality test confirms a causal relationship between CO2 emissions, biomass, and geothermal energy. Important policy recommendations for promoting sustainable energy practices in Indonesia involve investing in high-quality biomass and geothermal facilities to reduce emissions, implementing energy efficiency programs and fossil fuel conservation measures, and encouraging the use of electricity-based biomass and geothermal energy sources to reduce dependence on non-renewable fuels. These recommendations play a crucial role in achieving environmental and economic sustainability.
Natural Disasters and Economic Growth in Indonesia Ghalieb Mutig Idroes; Irsan Hardi; Muhammad Nasir; Eddy Gunawan; Putri Maulidar; Ar Razy Ridha Maulana
Ekonomikalia Journal of Economics Vol. 1 No. 1 (2023): July 2023
Publisher : Heca Sentra Analitika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.60084/eje.v1i1.55

Abstract

Natural disasters can have a profound impact on a country's economic growth, making it crucial for policymakers to understand the relationship between natural disasters and economic growth in order to develop effective strategies that mitigate adverse effects and promote sustainable development. The study utilizes secondary data spanning from 1990 to 2021 and employs the Fully-Modified Ordinary Least Squares (FMOLS), Dynamic Ordinary Least Squares (DOLS), Canonical Co-Integrating Regression (CCR), and Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) methods. The study's findings provide valuable insights into the substantial effects of natural disasters on economic growth, indicating a positive long-term impact. Furthermore, the analysis highlights a unidirectional causality, illustrating the notable influence of natural disasters on the country's economic performance. Policymakers should prioritize investments in upgrading and retrofitting infrastructure, focusing on key sectors like transportation, energy, water, and telecommunications, to mitigate the adverse effects of natural disasters and promote sustainable economic growth.
Decomposed Impact of Democracy on Indonesia’s Economic Growth Irsan Hardi; Edi Saputra Ringga; Ade Habya Fijay; Ar Razy Ridha Maulana; Rahmilia Hadiyani; Ghalieb Mutig Idroes
Ekonomikalia Journal of Economics Vol. 1 No. 2 (2023): November 2023
Publisher : Heca Sentra Analitika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.60084/eje.v1i2.80

Abstract

Indonesia's democratic performance is still classified as a 'moderate' and 'flawed democracy' according to the latest report, even though the ongoing progress of national democracy continues to advance every year. This study addresses the issue by offering a more comprehensive perspective and distinguishes itself by employing a decomposition approach that incorporates 25 indicators of the Indonesian democracy index to assess their individual effects on economic growth, which no prior Indonesian study has explored. The study classifies these indicators into six distinct categories: freedom and civil rights issues, discrimination issues, political and electoral issues, social and cultural issues, law and justice issues, and demonstration and community participation issues. The findings reveal that five out of the six categorized indicators have a crucial role and significantly impact economic growth. This evidence suggests that policymakers should prioritize a multifaceted approach, which includes bolstering the protection of civil rights and freedoms, combating discrimination, as well as reforming electoral and political processes. If implemented with transparency and inclusivity, this approach can pave the way for a more robust and prosperous democracy, leading to better and sustainable economic growth in Indonesia.
Economic Growth, Agriculture, Capital Formation and Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Indonesia: FMOLS, DOLS and CCR Applications Irsan Hardi; Ghalieb Mutig Idroes; Teuku Zulham; Suriani Suriani; Jumadil Saputra
Ekonomikalia Journal of Economics Vol. 1 No. 2 (2023): November 2023
Publisher : Heca Sentra Analitika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.60084/eje.v1i2.109

Abstract

Economic growth drives increased demand for resources, placing greater pressure on the agricultural sector. While the adoption of advanced technologies and increased capital investment can enhance productivity, they also have environmental consequences, contributing to greenhouse gas emissions. Based on this interconnected issue, this study aims to examine the long-term relationships between economic growth, agricultural productivity, gross fixed capital formation, and greenhouse gas emissions in Indonesia, utilizing data from the period 1965-2021. The study employs the Dynamic Ordinary Least Squares (DOLS) and Fully-Modified Ordinary Least Squares (FMOLS) methods, and includes robustness checks using the Canonical Cointegration Regressions (CCR) method. To provide a more comprehensive insight, the study also employs the pairwise Granger causality approach to detect the direction of the relationships. In concise terms, the results suggest that agricultural productivity, gross fixed capital formation, and greenhouse gas emissions have a positive long-term influence on economic growth. Additionally, gross fixed capital formation has a negative effect, while economic growth has a positive long-term impact on agricultural productivity. Furthermore, agricultural productivity has a negative impact, while economic growth indicates a positive long-term effect on gross fixed capital formation. Moreover, economic growth positively influences greenhouse gas emissions over the long term. Lastly, the study found three bidirectional causalities, with greenhouse gas emissions as the central figure. These important findings provide crucial information for policymakers, economists, and environmentalists, giving a nuanced understanding of the intricate relationships between economic activities and environmental consequences, as well as aiding in the formulation of sustainable strategies for green economic growth, especially in Indonesia.
A Deep Dive into Indonesia's CO2 Emissions: The Role of Energy Consumption, Economic Growth and Natural Disasters Ghalieb Mutig Idroes; Irsan Hardi; Teuku Rizky Noviandy; Novi Reandy Sasmita; Iin Shabrina Hilal; Fitranto Kusumo; Rinaldi Idroes
Ekonomikalia Journal of Economics Vol. 1 No. 2 (2023): November 2023
Publisher : Heca Sentra Analitika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.60084/eje.v1i2.115

Abstract

This study examines the influence of non-renewable energy consumption, renewable energy consumption, economic growth, and natural disasters on Indonesia's carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions spanning from 1980 to 2021. The Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model is employed, with supplementary robustness checks utilizing Fully Modified Ordinary Least Squares (FMOLS), Dynamic Ordinary Least Squares (DOLS), and Canonical Cointegration Regression (CCR). The findings reveal that economic growth, along with non-renewable and renewable energy consumption, significantly affects CO2 emissions in both the short and long term. Robustness checks confirm the positive impact of non-renewable energy consumption and economic growth, while renewable energy consumption has a negative effect on CO2 emissions. Moreover, natural disasters exhibit a positive short-term impact on CO2 emissions. Pairwise Granger causality results further underscore the intricate relationships between the variables. To mitigate climate change and curb CO2 emissions in Indonesia, the study recommends implementing policies that foster sustainable economic development, encourage the adoption of renewable energy, and enhance disaster resilience.
Does Online Education Make Students Happy? Insights from Exploratory Data Analysis Teuku Rizky Noviandy; Ghalieb Mutig Idroes; Irsan Hardi; Talha Bin Emran; Zahriah Zahriah; Souvia Rahimah; Andi Lala; Rinaldi Idroes
Journal of Educational Management and Learning Vol. 1 No. 2 (2023): December 2023
Publisher : Heca Sentra Analitika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.60084/jeml.v1i2.124

Abstract

This study investigates the impact of online education on student happiness. Utilizing a dataset of 5715 students sourced from Bangladesh, we employed an exploratory data analysis to analyze the quantitative data. The key finding is that there is a prevalent trend of dissatisfaction with online education among Bangladeshi students, regardless of demographic factors like age, gender, education level, preferred device for access, or type of academic institution. The dissatisfaction trend highlights the need of continuous improvements and targeted interventions are essential to ensure online education not only enables academic success, but also supports the overall wellbeing and happiness of students in the context of a developing country.
Credit Card Fraud Detection for Contemporary Financial Management Using XGBoost-Driven Machine Learning and Data Augmentation Techniques Teuku Rizky Noviandy; Ghalieb Mutig Idroes; Aga Maulana; Irsan Hardi; Edi Saputra Ringga; Rinaldi Idroes
Indatu Journal of Management and Accounting Vol. 1 No. 1 (2023): September 2023
Publisher : Heca Sentra Analitika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.60084/ijma.v1i1.78

Abstract

The rise of digital transactions and electronic payment systems in modern financial management has brought convenience but also the challenge of credit card fraud. Traditional fraud detection methods are struggling to cope with the complexities of contemporary fraud strategies. This study explores the potential of machine learning, specifically the XGBoost (eXtreme Gradient Boosting) algorithm, combined with data augmentation techniques, to enhance credit card fraud detection. The research demonstrates the effectiveness of these techniques in addressing imbalanced datasets and improving fraud detection accuracy. The study showcases a balanced approach to precision and recall in fraud detection by leveraging historical transaction data and employing techniques like Synthetic Minority Over-sampling Technique-Edited Nearest Neighbors (SMOTE-ENN). The implications of these findings for contemporary financial management are profound, offering the potential to bolster financial integrity, allocate resources effectively, and strengthen customer trust in the face of evolving fraud tactics.
Assessing the Linkage Between Sustainability Reporting and Indonesia’s Firm Value: The Role of Firm Size and Leverage Irsan Hardi; Ghalieb Mutig Idroes; Natasha Athira Keisha Hardia; Irfan Fajri; Nurul Furqan; Teuku Rizky Noviandy; Resty Tamara Utami
Indatu Journal of Management and Accounting Vol. 1 No. 1 (2023): September 2023
Publisher : Heca Sentra Analitika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.60084/ijma.v1i1.79

Abstract

Sustainability reporting is widely regarded as an essential factor in enhancing a firm's value. In light of its importance, this study examines the impact of three sustainability reporting indicators - sustainability reporting disclosure, sustainability reporting index, and sustainability reporting score - on firm value, as well as determining the role of firm size and leverage. Utilizing a sample of 200 companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the research period from 2013 to 2021, the results of panel data regression reveal that two of the three indicators have a significant impact on firm value. Specifically, the sustainability reporting index exerts a positive impact, while the sustainability reporting score has a negative effect on firm value. Furthermore, path analysis estimations reveal that sustainability reporting mediates the positive relationship between firm size and firm value. This study's empirical findings underscore that sustainability reporting plays a pivotal role in shaping a firm's value, and these insights can be valuable for businesses and investors seeking to understand the financial implications associated with sustainability reporting.
Co-Authors Ade Habya Fijay Aga Maulana Andi Lala Ar Razy Ridha Maulana Eddy Gunawan Edi Saputra Ringga Fitranto Kusumo Fredinan Yulianda Ghalieb Mutig Idroes Ghalieb Mutig Idroes Ghalieb Mutig Idroes Iin Shabrina Hilal Irfan Fajri Jumadil Saputra M. Shabri Abd Majid Muhammad Alfin Falha Mirza Muhammad Nasir Natasha Athira Keisha Hardia Novi Reandy Sasmita Nurul Furqan Putri Dahlia Putri Maulidar Rahmilia Hadiyani Rais Aulia Humam Resty Tamara Utami Rimal Mahdani Rinadi Idroes Rinaldi Idroes Rizka Chairunnisa Sofyan Syahnur Souvia Rahimah Suriani Suriani Talha Bin Emran Taufiq Carnegie Dawood Teuku Rizky Noviandy Teuku Zulham Zahriah Zahriah