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Acceptance and willingness to purchase a hypothetical COVID-19 vaccine in a region under Shariah law: A cross-sectional study in Aceh, Indonesia Rayhan, Muhammad A.; Mudatsir, Mudatsir; Nurjannah, Nurjannah; Ichsan, Ichsan; Amir-Behghadami, Mehrdad; Khader, Yousef S.; Koyanagi, Ai; Sah, Ranjit; Viveiros-Rosa, Sandro G.; Mamun, Mohammed A.; Lemu, Yohannes K.; Bouchra, Assarag; Linguissi, Laure SG.; Ikram, Aamer; Sallam, Dina E.; Parperis, Konstantinos; Wollina, Uwe; Rademaker, Marius; Vento, Sandro; Usman, Said
Narra J Vol. 2 No. 2 (2022): August 2022
Publisher : Narra Sains Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52225/narra.v2i2.85

Abstract

Vaccines are urgently needed to control the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The aim of this study was to determine the acceptance of and willingness to purchase a hypothetical COVID-19 vaccine in the general population of Aceh, a holistic Shariah law implementation province in Indonesia. An online cross-sectional study was conducted using a quota sampling technique between 1 to 24 September 2021. To determine hypothetical vaccine acceptance, respondents were asked if they were willing to accept vaccines with combinations of either 50% or 95% effectiveness and either 5% or 20% risk of adverse effects. Willingness to purchase was assessed by asking whether the participants would pay for such vaccines at certain price points. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the associated determinants. Out of 377 respondents included in the final analysis, 86.5% were willing to accept a COVID-19 vaccine with 95% effectiveness and 5% adverse effects. The acceptance rate dropped to 45.1% if the risk of adverse effects was 20%. Vaccines with 50% effectiveness and 5% adverse effects were acceptable to 42.2% but the acceptance went down to 17.2% if the risk of adverse effects increased to 20%. Multivariate analysis found that men were twice as likely to accept a vaccine with 95% effectiveness and 5% adverse effects compared to females (aOR: 2.01; 95% CI 1.05–3.86). We found that 156/377 (41.3%) of respondents were willing to purchase a COVID-19 vaccine and of these participants 71.1% were willing to pay between Indonesian Rupiah (IDR) 50,000–150,000 (US$ 3.33–10.00). In conclusion, the acceptance rate of a hypothetical COVID-19 vaccine varied based on effectiveness and the risk of adverse effects.
Factors associated with awareness of and undergoing Pap smear tests among Jordanian women Annab, Abeer; Lataifeh, Lujain; Lataifeh, Isam; Al-Rabadi, Diala; Alkouri, Osama; Khader, Yousef S.
Narra J Vol. 4 No. 3 (2024): December 2024 (in press)
Publisher : Narra Sains Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52225/narra.v4i3.1018

Abstract

Several screening methods are used to detect cervical cancer, with Pap smear test is considered as one of the most reliable screening methods to diagnose cervical cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the factors associated with awareness of undergoing Pap smear tests among Jordanian women. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 525 Jordanian women attending the outpatient maternity hospital consecutively from February to July 2023. Data encompassed demographic characteristics (age, occupation, and education), awareness of Pap smears, beliefs regarding their importance, sources of information, and the history of undergoing Pap smear tests were collected using a structured questionnaire. Of the total 525 Jordanian women, 87.6% were aware of Pap smears. The awareness varied significantly depending on age and education level. Women aged 41–50 (adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 6.0; 95%CI: 2.3–15.3) and with a university education (AOR: 2.6; 95%CI: 1.4–4.8) were associated with increased odds of being aware of Pap smears. Among the women who were aware of Pap smears, the majority (94.1%) expressed belief in the importance of undergoing Pap smear tests and 61.7% reported having undergone the procedure at least once in their lives. In the multivariate analysis, women aged 30–40 years (AOR: 1.7; 95%CI: 1.1–2.8), 41–50 years (AOR: 4.1; 95%CI: 2.3–7.3), and older than 50 years (AOR: 9.8; 95%CI: 4.2–23.0) had a higher likelihood of undergoing Pap smear tests than those of under 30 years old. Being a housewife (AOR: 1.7; 95%CI: 1.1–2.7) and those who believed in the importance of Pap smear testing (AOR: 2.6; 95%CI: 1.1–6.0) were also more likely to have a Pap smear test. Nearly half of the women who had undergone Pap smears reported doing so every 2–3 years, while 25.7% indicated annual screening. Importantly, the overwhelming majority (97.9%) preferred the procedure to be performed by a gynecologist. In conclusion, the majority of women were aware of Pap smears. Two-thirds of women reported having undergone the procedure at least once. Prevention programs targeting cervical cancer and Pap smear tests should be tailored to women with low education, younger than 30 years, and those employed to maximize screening uptake for cervical cancer.