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INDONESIA
Paediatrica Indonesiana
Published by Ikatan Dokter Anak Indonesia
ISSN : 00309311     EISSN : 2338476X     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology
Paediatrica Indonesiana is a medical journal devoted to the health, in a broad sense, affecting fetuses, infants, children, and adolescents, belonged to the Indonesian Pediatric Society. Its publications are directed to pediatricians and other medical practitioners or researchers at all levels of health practice throughout the world.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 8 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol 43 No 2 (2003): March 2003" : 8 Documents clear
Thyroxine and thyroid stimulating hormone levels in under-five severe malnourished children Shelvi H. Tamzil; Ryadi Fadil; Diet S. Rustama; Melinda D. Nataprawira
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 43 No 2 (2003): March 2003
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/pi43.2.2003.42-5

Abstract

Background In Indonesia, protein energy malnutrition (PEM) inchildren is still a health problem. Malnourished children will havegrowth and development disruption, which is not only caused bynutritional factor, but might be associated with endocrine system,such as thyroid hormone metabolism. Hypothyroidism or thyroidhypofunction could be happened in malnourished children.Objective The purpose of this study was to assess thyroxine (T4)and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels in under-five severemalnourished children.Methods This was a descriptive study with cross sectional design.Subjects were all under-five severe malnourished childrenbased on nutritional evaluation in August 2001 done by local healthcare workers in Andir District, Bandung. Severe malnutrition wasdefined as weight for age less than -3SD (W/A <-3SD).Results There were 42 subjects who fulfilled inclusion criteria, aged11-57 months, five of them showed clinical manifestation of marasmus.The T4 levels of the 41 subjects were still in normal limitsand within the range of 4.5-11.2 mg/dl. Thirty-nine subjects hadnormal TSH levels, ranged from 0.9 to 5.0 mlU/ml, and 2 subjectsshowed increased TSH levels of 6.8 and 7.6 mlU/ml, respectively.Reduced T4 and TSH levels of 3.93 mg/dl and 0.2 mlU/ml, respectivelywere detected in one subjectConclusion In general, the T4 & TSH levels were still normal,with only one subject (2%) showed low levels of T4 & TSH.
The influence of stressor on blood pressure in school children Sudung O Pardede; Partini P Trihono; Irene Yuniar; Taralan Tambunan
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 43 No 2 (2003): March 2003
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (237.648 KB) | DOI: 10.14238/pi43.2.2003.35-7

Abstract

Background Physical and psychological stress such as child anxi-ety, can increase blood pressure.Objective To evaluate the role of vein puncture as a stressor caus-ing alteration of blood pressure in school children.Methods This study was a descriptive, pre and post test study asa part of a screening study on primary school children at Cibubursubdistrict in East Jakarta. Blood pressure was measured beforeand after a vein puncture procedure in 449 children. Nine childrenwere excluded because of incomplete data.Results The increase of systolic blood pressure was found in 121(27.5%) subjects, decrease in 42 (9.5%), and no change in 227(63%). Diastolic blood pressure increased in 123 (28.0%) subjects,decreased in 38 (8.6%), and did not change in 279 (63.4%). Theincrease of both systolic and diastolic blood pressure was found in61 (13.8%), increased systolic with no change of diastolic in 58(13.2%), and increased systolic with decreased diastolic in 2 (0.5%)children. Decreased systolic with increased diastolic was found in2 (0.5%) subjects, decreased systolic with no change of diastolicin 26 (5.9%), and decrease of both systolic and diastolic in 14 (3.2%)children. No changes in both systolic and diastolic blood pressurewere found in 195 (44.3%); no change in systolic with decreaseddiastolic blood pressure was found in 22 (5.0%) children.Conclusion In most of the school children, vein puncture proce-dure did not cause alteration on blood pressure
Familial hypophosphatemic rickets: report of a case Edi S Tehuteru; Taralan Tambunan
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 43 No 2 (2003): March 2003
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (187.562 KB) | DOI: 10.14238/pi43.2.2003.70-2

Abstract

Familial Hypophosphatemic Rickets (FHR) wasfound for the first time by Albright in 1937 andis also called vitamin D resistant rickets. 1-3 It isa disease that can occur through x-linked dominant,autosom dominant, and sporadic inheritance. 1-4Albright found that most FHR is x-linked dominanttype. 3 To distinguish between x-linked dominant andautosom dominant, the family pedigree can not beused, because it may look alike. Usually this diseasecan be distinguished genetically. The gene that isresponsible for x-linked dominant is located in Xp21while for autosom dominant is in 12p13. 4 Sporadictype can easily be distinguished from the other two.In the family pedigree, there is no other FHR patientbesides the patient himself. 3,4 The case that we areabout to report was a sporadic type FHR.
Lactose malabsorption in junior high school children Aswitha D. Budiarso; Deny Sofia; Sri Rezeki S Hadinegoro; Badriul Hegar
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 43 No 2 (2003): March 2003
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/pi43.2.2003.46-50

Abstract

Background The prevalence of lactose malabsorption varieswidely throughout the world. Only people of Caucasian geneticbackground continue to produce high amount of lactase throughoutadulthood. Previous studies in Indonesia revealed that theprevalence of lactose malabsorption was 21-58% in children aged3-11 years.Objective To determine the prevalence of lactose malabsorptionin the older age group and whether a change in milk drinking habitcan affect it.Methods A cross sectional descriptive study was conducted on98 children aged between 12 and 14 years (junior high school) inJakarta. Lactose malabsorption was evaluated with LactometerBreath Hydrogen Test (Hoek Loes, Amsterdam). Milk drinking habitwas recorded, and drinking at least 1 glass of milk everyday since6 months or more before the study was considered as regular milkdrinking.Results This study showed 73% of the children had lactose malabsorption.Regular milk drinking habit was found in 32 (33%) childrenand lactose malabsorption occurred in 26. From 66 childrenwho were irregular milk drinkers, lactose malabsorption was foundin 46 (70%). Lactose intolerance was about the same in both groups.Conclusion There was an increasing prevalence of lactose malabsorptionin older children. Milk drinking habit is a major concernto review the practical implications of lactose malabsorption.
Obesity among children aged 10-13 years in public and private elementary schools Evi Kamelia; Nurdiani Nurdiani; Tiansa Sembiring; Hakimi Hakimi; Iskandar Z Lubis
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 43 No 2 (2003): March 2003
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (256.551 KB) | DOI: 10.14238/pi43.2.2003.38-41

Abstract

Background In the last few years, the prevalence of obesity amongIndonesian children has been beginning to increase slowly, butstudies and publications about obesity are limited. In accordancewith the improvement of social economic and child health, obesitycan be seen more frequently as a problem in children.Objective To evaluate and compare the prevalence and relatedfactors of obesity among children 10-13 year-old who were stu-dents of two kinds of school, namely public and private elementaryschool.Methods A cross sectional study was done from October untilDecember 1995 on 276 elementary school students aged 10-13years consisting of 138 public and 138 private elementary schoolstudents. Data were collected by a questionnaire including anam-nesis of family history and type of daily diet, physical examination,and anthropometric measurement.Results The prevalence of obesity among children in the publicand private elementary schools was 9% and 20% respectively,which showed a significant difference (p<0.01). The prevalence ofobesity among children was significantly related to parents’ wel-fare, excessive daily calorie intake, level of physical activity, andobesity problem in the family.Conclusion The prevalence of obesity in students of private andpublic elementary schools was 20% and 9% respectively. Socialeconomic level, calorie intake, sport activities, and obesity prob-lems in the family are factors related to the prevalence of childobesity
Risk factors of coronary heart disease in children and young adults with parental history of premature coronary heart disease Murti Andriastuti; Sudigdo Sastroasmoro; Agus Firmansyah
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 43 No 2 (2003): March 2003
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (485.542 KB) | DOI: 10.14238/pi43.2.2003.51-8

Abstract

Background Morbidity and mortality of coronary heart disease(CHD) are recently increasing. This is related to changes in lifestyle,such as lack of activity and high consumption of fatty diet. Themain cause of CHD is atherosclerosis. The development of ath-erosclerosis takes a long time, is asymptomatic, and might beginin childhood. The important risk factors that have roles in increas-ing the likelihood of atherosclerosis are family history of prematureCHD, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, obesity, smoking and irregu-lar activity.Objective The aim of this study was to find out the prevalence ofCHD risk factors in children and young adults who had parentalhistory of premature CHD.Methods This was a descriptive cross sectional study conductedon offspring of premature CHD patients who were admitted in theintensive cardiology care unit (ICCU) of Cipto MangunkusumoHospital between January 1999 to December 2001 and of prema-ture CHD patients who visited the Cardiology Clinic of the Depart-ment of Internal Medicine, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital duringMarch and April 2002. Subjects were aged 12 to 25 year-old.Results Among the subjects, 40% had hyperlipidemia, 8% hadhypertension, 11% were obese, 21% were active smokers, 41%were passive smokers, and 73% had irregular activity. Ninety-sevenpercents subjects had more than 1 risk factors.Conclusions The prevalence of hyperlipidemia, hypertension,obesity, passive smoker, active smoker and irregular activity inchildren and young adults with parental history of premature CHDin this study were higher than those in the normal population.Most had more than 1 risk factor, increasing the likelihood of CHD.A screening test should be performed on children with parentalhistory of premature CHD so that early preventive measures mightbe done to minimize the risk factors
Neurological impairment of children with history of prematurity and neonatal hyperbilirubinemia Ida Bagus Subanada; I Komang Kari; Abdul Hamid
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 43 No 2 (2003): March 2003
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (398.661 KB) | DOI: 10.14238/pi43.2.2003.59-65

Abstract

Background In premature infants, the incidence of hyperbiliru-binemia is still high. Bilirubin encephalopathy can develop withoutmarked hyperbilirubinemia.Objective To know the incidence of neurological impairment inpremature with hyperbilirubinemia and the association betweenneurological impairment and serum unconjugated billirubin con-centration.Methods A retrospective study was conducted on 54 prematureswith history of hyperbilirubinemia and 54 without history of hyper-bilirubinemia born between 1997 and 1998 and discharged fromSanglah Hospital. Consecutive sampling was done. After univariateanalysis, multivariate analysis was used to identify the associationbetween serum unconjugated bilirubin concentration and neuro-logical impairment at the adjusted age of 318 months.Results There were statistically significant differences in mean ofage and neurological impairment between subjects with and with-out hyperbilirubinemia (p<0.0001 and 0.026). In subjects with hy-perbilirubinemia, univariate analysis showed significant differencesin means of serum unconjugated bilirubin concentration, gesta-tional age, birth weight, and serum albumin concentration betweensubject who had neurological impairment and who had no neuro-logical impairment with p = 0.005; 0.001; 0.002; <0.0001, respec-tively. Multivariate analysis found there were association betweenneurological impairment and serum unconjugated bilirubin concen-tration, gestational age, and serum albumin concentration withp<0.0001; 0.004; and <0.0001, respectively.Conclusion Neurological impairment in subject with hyperbiliru-binemia was greater than subject without hyperbilirubinemia. Se-rum unconjugated bilirubin concentration is one of three factorsthat associated with neurological impairment
Effect of particulate matter (PM 10) pollutant concentration on peak expiratory flow rate score in junior high school students Niken Sawitri; Oma Rosmajudi; Dedi Subardja; Heda Melinda D N
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 43 No 2 (2003): March 2003
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (260.942 KB) | DOI: 10.14238/pi43.2.2003.66-9

Abstract

Background Various pollutants especially particulate matter withdiameter of 10 micrometer or less (PM 10) reduce the function oflung. However, its effect to peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) as aparameter of central airway resistance is still inconsistent.Objective This study was designed to assess the impact of differ-ent PM 10 concentration to PEFR score among junior high schoolstudents who live in two areas.Methods It was a descriptive analytical study with cross sectionaldesign to junior high school students who lived in areas with highPM 10 i.e, Cililin sub district (252.63 mg/m 3 /h) and low PM 10 i.e.,Paseh sub district (27.15 mg/m 3 /h). PEFR was measured by usingMini Wright Peak Flow Meter and body weight by microtoire. Dataof indoor pollutants were collected from questionnaires.Results There were 463 subjects, 242 students in Cililin and 221students in Paseh, who fulfilled the inclusion criteria which wereaged 12 –15 years, living more than one years continuously withinradius of 5 km from the location of pollutant measurement, nonsmokers, and considered “health” according to history taking andphysical examination. The PEFR score in Cililin (305.9+57.9 l/min)was significantly lower than that in Paseh (327.7+54.8 l/min (t=4.15;p<0.001)).Conclusion Although the influence of indoor pollutants especiallycooking stoves could not be ignored, the difference of PEFR scorein these two groups were possibly due to the different concentra-tion of PM 10

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