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Published by Universitas Kristen Petra Surabaya

ISSN : 14112639 EISSN : 23026294 DOI : -

Core Subject : Education,

Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media

k@ta: a biannual publication on the study of language and literature is a refereed journal published twice a year in June and December by the English Department, Faculty of Letters, Petra Christian University, Surabaya, Indonesia. It presents articles on the study of language, literature and culture.

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Articles 100 Documents

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"More than kin and less than kind": Hamlet and his (linguistic) problems Alireza Mahdipour; Pyeaam Abbasi
kata Vol 20 No 1 (2018): JUNE 2018
Publisher : The English Department, Faculty of Humanities & Creative Industries, Petra Christian University

T.S. Eliot's "Hamlet and His Problems" (1921) seems to be a pretext to add another erudite concept to the lexis of literary criticism. He charged both Hamlet and Hamlet of lacking "objective correlative." Eliot's own problem with the play, however, seems to arise from his particular epistemological perspective, his formalism, and even his implicit structuralism, and moreover, from his traditional, classic Cartesian modernity that suffers him to hold the notion of subject-object dichotomy in his literary speculations. Hamlet's problem, however, surpasses T. S. Eliot's structuralist view and anticipates the poststructuralist linguistic enigma. Hamlet and Hamlet's problems are, together with the other characters that are caught in the maze of language, linguistic. Hamlet's epistemological/ontological quest for the meaning or the truth are checked, patterned, done and ultimately undone by the language. He cannot find any "objective correlative" for his "particular emotion," for, in the signifying system of the language, all he can think or feel is restrained by "words". He cannot escape from the symbolic order of the language until his death, and "the rest is silence".

Women and Pleasure in Guillaume Apollinaire’s Calligram Collection Poèmes à Lou Eva Agustin; Wening Udasmoro
kata Vol 20 No 2 (2018): DECEMBER 2018
Publisher : The English Department, Faculty of Humanities & Creative Industries, Petra Christian University

This article attempts to examine the connections between poetry and the constructions of women and pleasure emphasized by the author. The works examined are those of Gullaume Apollinaire, a famed French poet whose calligramatic poetry collections specifically positioned women as objects of pleasure. Most interestingly, in Apollinaire's poetry the depiction of women as objects of pleasure through connotative symbols that can only be given significance by decoding the highly cultural meanings they contain. The theory of the male gaze is used here to examine how visual pleasure has been operated by the poet. Meanwhile, semiotics has been used to decode the calligrammatic aspects of Apollinaire's poems. This research finds that symbols of exoticism, reproduction, and fantastic pleasures are utilized by Apollinaire in his poetry to emphasize his dominance of women by positioning them as objects of pleasure.

Post-traumatic people in Paul Auster's The Book of Illusions from Cathy Caruth's and Michelle Balaev's perspectives Samira Sasani; Diba Arjmandi
kata Vol 20 No 1 (2018): JUNE 2018
Publisher : The English Department, Faculty of Humanities & Creative Industries, Petra Christian University

In his novel The Book of Illusions, Paul Auster displays his knowledge not only as a writer, but also as a talented critic of cinema, painting and world literature. Opening up the question of identity after the loss, Auster presents the reader with the traumatic form of grief over the dead ones. The trauma which is portrayed in The Book of Illusions is the direct experience with death, with those who are left behind and for those who find death as the only solution for being forgiven. Strangely enough, while the main theme is death, Auster portrays the ways of resistance and the power of love to shape the process of post-traumatic identification. Precisely the aim here is to analyze Auster’s novel with the help of new theories that are introduced recently into the realm of literary criticism and trauma studies by Cathy Caruth and Michelle Balaev. By studying different opinions about loss and trauma and applying new perspectives, this research scrutinizes Austerian characters. Therefore there is a survey, a study of trauma from vantage points of traditional model theoreticians like Caruth and also pluralistic model argument represented by Balaev. Keywords: Paul Auster; The Book of Illusions; Trauma Theory; Cathy Caruth; Michelle Balaev

The Homeland of Stereotypes Hossein Keramatfar
kata Vol 20 No 2 (2018): DECEMBER 2018
Publisher : The English Department, Faculty of Humanities & Creative Industries, Petra Christian University

Following the trenchant critique of orientalism, orientalist discourse has employed complex strategies to create ambivalent non- Western stereotypes. The earlier fixed oriental characters are often discarded; they are instead accorded certain amounts of flexibility. However, the fact is that despite such changes and these less negative images, orientalist discourse continues producing the Oriental other to perpetuate Western domination. In fact, it simply draws upon old repertoire of stereotypes, recycles them, and produces new ones; only care is taken that they do not sound as markedly negative as the old ones. The present paper seeks to investigate how the American TV series Homeland (2011-) repeats the imperialist claims of the orientalist discourse by presenting a range of oriental character types, from the classic Muslim terrorist to some less negative characters. It employs “Negative formulas” to produce more ambivalent stereotypes to reinforce the alleged essential superiority of America. The series stages the character of the captive mind as the ideal oriental type to be imitated by all Orientals. The paper also demonstrates that how Homeland employs the orientalist theme of nativization, again only to prove the eventual un-contaminability and superiority of the West. Islam and Iran are the particular targets of Homeland’s stereotyping.

Rethinking Developmentally Appropriate Concept in Indonesian Picture Bible Story Book Kartika B. Primasanti; Desi Yoanita
kata Vol 20 No 2 (2018): DECEMBER 2018
Publisher : The English Department, Faculty of Humanities & Creative Industries, Petra Christian University

In Christian education, inheriting faith values to children since a young age is a pivotal responsibility for parents, the church, and Christian education institutions. According to a previous study, inheriting these values is applied through the tradition of reading illustrated Bible together with parents. In this study, illustrated Bible is not the Bible. It is illustrated literature that contains Bible stories. Using the perspective of Developmentally-Appropriate, the researchers elaborated how illustrated Bible in the marketplace have or have not used the developmentally appropriate concept for young children. This research will be a reference to design illustrated Bible for young children, in the form of printed book or application, and a reference for parents and educators to choose an illustrated children Bible which is appropriate for a child’s age, and for publishers to give age label for children Bible products. Keywords: children Bible, illustrated Bible, developmentally appropriate

On the Acquisition of English Voiceless Stop VOT by Indonesian-English Bilinguals: Evidence of Input Frequency Evynurul Laily Zen
kata Vol 20 No 2 (2018): DECEMBER 2018
Publisher : The English Department, Faculty of Humanities & Creative Industries, Petra Christian University

The paper attempts to investigate the acquisition of Voice Onset Time (VOT) of voiceless stop consonants of English /p/, /t/, and /k/ by Indonesian-English bilingual children in its close relation to how second language (L2) input shapes the L2 VOT production. It looks at two different groups of children with native and non native input environment; (1) one 6-years-old girl receiving extensive exposures of English natives from YouTube in about 8 hours per day since she was two in addition to having interactive communication in English with her family members (2) four students (aged 7-8 years old) enrolling in English Partial Immersion Program with non-native environment of English. The comparative analysis concludes that the VOT values differ significantly across different inputs. The children with non native input acquired much shorter VOTs falling within the average of 28 – 36 ms, while those with native input could achieve native-like VOTs in the average of 69 ms for /p/ and /t/ and even longer for stop consonant /k/.

The Illusory World of a Peculiar Man: A Psychoanalytical Study of Nicholai Gogol’s “Diary of a Madman” Sayyed Rahim Moosavinia; Ala Bavarsad
kata Vol 20 No 1 (2018): JUNE 2018
Publisher : The English Department, Faculty of Humanities & Creative Industries, Petra Christian University

To become clear, the concept of madness, the hows and whys that follows the recognition of it needs a discerning view. Thereupon, this research is going to study the madness of the main character of the short story “Diary of a Madman” written by Nikolai Gogol in which he meticulously illustrates how a madman’s mind operates. A pivotal concept to be dealt with is the power of unconscious, which according to Sigmund Freud has a considerable influence on the psychic system. Freud maintains that if the Ego is not able to keep a balance between its demands and the unconscious desires, Psychosis happens. In madman’s case, it is Schizophrenia. The madman shows abnormalities like hallucinations, delusions, disorganized speech and disorganized behavior which are all symptoms of schizophrenia. Each symptom will be discussed in detail through the study. Another issue which is worth being elucidated is the madman’s place in Lacanian Orders. Jacques Lacan depicts psyche’s development in three orders or phases: The Real, the Imaginary, and the Symbolic. In this research the focus will be on the imaginary order as the madman shows signs of being stuck in this phase without any positive movement toward the next, the symbolic. According to Lacan, psychosis is the consequence of the incapability in entering the symbolic order. Accordingly, this research will study the madman’s psychosis and his situation in the psychic world.

Semiotics for Interpreting Quilt’s Cultural Values from the U.S. and Indonesia Ekawati Marhaenny Dukut
kata Vol 20 No 1 (2018): JUNE 2018
Publisher : The English Department, Faculty of Humanities & Creative Industries, Petra Christian University

Historically, quilt making has been recorded in the United States (U.S.) since the 18th century not only for its function but for the social expression of its people to their environment. The different colors and symbols used in designing and making quilts give knowledge to what quilt creators want to express. By use of library research and semiotics for an analytical-descriptive discussion, the socio-cultural and historical perspectives of U.S. quilts are found to explain how designs have evolved from the 18th to the 21st century of the U.S. The semiotics method has also shown how through an American Studies transnational process of cross bordering countries, the U.S. quilt has influenced its neighboring countries, like Indonesia. This article shares how a number of U.S. quilt patterns, colors and cultural values are found in Indonesian quilt. Among the cultural values found are the maintenance of loyalty and obedience. Interestingly, while the U.S. cultural value of individualism is respected, the Indonesian collectivism is preferred more in quilt making.

Packaging Consumption: Stylistic Devices and Persuasive Functions of American and Indonesian Advertising Slogans Gabriella Tiara Utomo; Setefanus Suprajitno
kata Vol 20 No 1 (2018): JUNE 2018
Publisher : The English Department, Faculty of Humanities & Creative Industries, Petra Christian University

This study discusses the significance of style in creating indelible and iconic slogans that endures time. In this study, by using qualitative content analysis, I examine the stylistic devices of the ten American and Indonesian food and beverages slogans in order to find out their persuasive functions. In my analysis, I utilize three levels of stylistic analysis: phonological, lexical, and grammatical. My findings show that the most significantly used devices are the devices at the lexical level, then followed by those at grammatical and phonological level. My findings also show five recurring usages of the stylistic devices that help invoke the buying motives within the customers, namely idioms and proverbs, personification, humor, emotional appeal, and imagery. The usages serve a persuasive function by aided in influencing customers into purchasing the goods offered by the brand.

King Lear: A Negatively Capable Outsider Hossein Salimian Rizi
kata Vol 20 No 2 (2018): DECEMBER 2018
Publisher : The English Department, Faculty of Humanities & Creative Industries, Petra Christian University

Negative capability, John Keats’s coined term, defines the ideal poet as being capable of being in uncertainties and mysteries without any irritable reaching after fact and reason. He insists that poets let the mind be a thoroughfare for all thoughts, by holding no fixed identity but metamorphic identities. Although Keats finds the ideal quality of a poet in Shakespeare the poet, it does not appear far from logical to investigate it in the characters of his plays, specifically king Lear, as he undergoes changes throughout the story and cuts across his enclosed self to enrich his receptivity to the actual vastness of life experience after he is estranged and labelled as an outsider in his erstwhile kingdom. In the present study I will employ the ongoing vigor of negative capability to take a step further ahead of its theoretically stipulated implications and investigate it on the character of king Lear.

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