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INDONESIA
METANA
Published by Universitas Diponegoro
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Core Subject : Science,
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Articles 5 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 8, No 01 (2012): Juli 2012" : 5 Documents clear
PEMANFAATAN AMPAS JAHE LIMBAH INDUSTRI JAMU DAN MINUMAN UNTUK PRODUKSI MINYAK JAHE DENGAN DESTILASI KOHOBASI VACUUM Handayani, Dwi; Ikhsan, Diyono
METANA Vol 8, No 01 (2012): Juli 2012
Publisher : Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (154.98 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/metana.v8i01.4911

Abstract

  Abstrak Minyak jahe termasuk minyak atsiri yang merupakan komoditas eksport dengan nilai ekonomis yang tinggi karena  banyak digunakan dalam industri kosmetik, makanan, aromaterapi dan farmasi. Ampas jahe yang dihasilkan dari proses pembuatan jamu, jahe instan maupun industri minuman kesehatan, selama ini belum dimanfaatkan secara maksimal. Mengingat potensi minyak jahe dan perlunya peningkatan nilai ekonomis ampas jahe yang selama ini sebagai limbah industri, maka perlu dilakukan pengambilan minyak jahe dari ampas jahe. Proses destilasi minyak atsiri selama ini dilakukan secara konvensional, sehingga pada destilasi minyak jahe maka zingiberene yang ada mengalami degradasi thermal. Penelitian bertujuan  untuk mendapatkan teknologi destilasi agar zingiberene dalam minyak jahe tidak mengalami degradasi yaitu dengan destilasi vacuum, dan untuk mendapatkan efisiensi yang optimal dengan pengujian antara proses destilasi kohobasi dan destilasi uap-air. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Proses destilasi vacuum secara kohobasi mempunyai randemen teringgi yaitu  2,320 % dengan persamaan laju produksi Y = 0,078 X2 – 1,941X + 8,52 ( R2= 0,982 ).  Karena kadar minyak jahe dalam rimpang jahe : 1  - 3 %, maka dapat dinyatakan bahwa pada proses tersebut didapatkan effisiensi yang cukup tinggi yaitu 77,33 % dari kadar maksimal minyak yang ada pada rimpang jahe dan kualitas minyak jahe yang dihasilkan memenuhi  SNI Kata kunci : ampas jahe, minyak jahe, destilasi vacuum. ABSTRACT Ginger oil including essential oils which are export commodities with high economic value because it is widely used in the cosmetics industry, food, aromatherapy and pharmaceuticals. Ginger pulp resulting from the process of making herbal medicine, instant ginger beverage and healthcare industries, has not been fully utilized. Given the potential of ginger oil and the need to increase the economic value of waste ginger as well as an industrial waste, it is necessary to capture the oil of ginger ginger pulp. Essential oil distillation process has been done conventionally, so that the ginger oil distillation zingiberene existing thermal degradation. The research aims to gain distillation technology that zingiberene in ginger oil is not degraded by vacuum distillation, and to obtain optimum efficiency by testing the distillation process kohobasi and steam-distilled water. The results showed that the vacuum distillation process has randemen teringgi kohobasi is 2.320% with a production rate equation Y = 0.078 X2 - 1.941 X + 8.52 (R2 = 0.982). Because the levels of ginger in ginger oil: 1-3%, it can be stated that in the process earned a high enough efficiency is 77.33% of the maximum levels of the existing oil and the ginger rhizome ginger oil quality produced meets SNI Keywords: pulp ginger, ginger oil, vacuum distillation.
FORMULASI MIKROENKAPSUL OLEORESIN KAYUMANIS (Cinnamon burmanni) DAN CENGKEH (Caryophillus aromaticus Linn) Arifan, Fahmi; Wikanta, Deddy Kurniawan
METANA Vol 8, No 01 (2012): Juli 2012
Publisher : Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (116.403 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/metana.v8i01.4912

Abstract

Product development spices such as cinnamon and cloves in the form of oleoresin microcapsules cinnamon and cloves that can be used as a natural preservative because of its potential as an antioxidant and antimicrobial as well as a flavoring agent (agent taste) in food products. In this research, formulation of microcapsules to obtain microcapsules pleoresin cloves and cinnamon. Optimal extraction results obtained at 50 ° C, pressure of 350 bar, the efficiency of clove and cinnamon bark amounted to 17.24% and 1.16% of khromatography Cinnamaldehye analysis of cinnamon was 96.7%, moderate levels of eugenol clove 72, 08%. Terstabil emulsion composition with a ratio of lecithin; gum arabic; malto dextrin and CMC (10; 90, 10, 10), emulsion terstabil microcapsules made ​​with two formulas, formula A with clove oleoresin composition is more dominant, and the composition of formula B with composition oleoresin microcapsules cinnamon bark is more dominant, the results for the microencapsulation formula A 8 (1:4) was 85.98% and B8 formula (4:1) 89.13%. Key word : oleoresin clove, cinnamon-microencapsulated
PENGEMBANGAN PROSES THERMOKIMIA UNTUK PENINGKATAN KONVERSI ASAM LEMAK MELALUI INTERFACIAL ACTIVATION LIPASE BUAH SEGAR KELAPA SAWIT DENGAN TUNING UP MENGGUNAKAN GELOMBANG MIKRO Wikanta, Deddy Kurniawan; Y, Mohamad Endy; Erlangga, Erlangga; A, Hermawan Dwi
METANA Vol 8, No 01 (2012): Juli 2012
Publisher : Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (137.064 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/metana.v8i01.4883

Abstract

Nowadays, Indonesia fulfill the demand of fatty acid by importing it, through Indonesia is one of major producer of Crude Palm Oil (CPO), one of vegetable oil beside Palm Kernel Oil (PKO) and Coconut Oil (CNO) that can be used as the raw material for the production of fatty acid. In order to increase the added value of palm oil and to fulfill the country demand of fatty acid, it is necessary, finding a new fatty acid production process which is more efficient and more economial. Because palm oil has a lipase enzyme that can hydrolyze the triglyceride of palm oil, it is urge to study the technology of fatty acid production by utilize the lipase of palm oil. The thermal protonation of microwave toward the fatty acid chain in enzyme is the important matter, because enzyme will memorize the ionization condition from aquatic solution before the dehydration process (enzyme’s pH memory). Because of that, “the tuning” towards pH will fasten the hydrolysis rate. The parameters of the research were reaction temperature, pH, power, ratio of water-fruit, mechanical treatment and the milling of the palm oil as time function. Keywords : fatty acid, lipase enzyme, interfacial antivation, microwave
PEMANFAATAN BAMBU PADA KONSTRUKSI BANGUNAN BERDAMPAK POSITIP BAGI LINGKUNGAN Artiningsih, Ni Komang Ayu
METANA Vol 8, No 01 (2012): Juli 2012
Publisher : Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (518.393 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/metana.v8i01.5117

Abstract

ABSTRACT Bamboo is one of the oldest building materials and is very versatile with many applications in the field of building construction, especially in developing countries. Bamboo grows abundantly throughout the Indonesian archipelago, and has become part of Indonesian society for centuries. Rapid growth of bamboo to make bamboo as a sustainable resource. Bamboo is a strong, lightweight material and can often be used without processing or finishing. Bamboo construction is easy to construct, resistant to earthquake forces, and easily repaired if damage occurs. Timber resources is reduced by the restrictions imposed on logging in natural forests, especially in the tropics, has focused world attention on the need to identify replacement materials that can Replaces, environmentally friendly and can be used widely. The existence of an increasingly scarce wood for wood utilization past massive, while the growth of the wood to be used as construction material so long to reach 40 years in comparison with bamboo which is only about 3 to 5 years. With rapid growth, good adaptability to most climatic conditions and soil conditions, bamboo emerged as a very suitable alternative. However, in order to fully utilize the potential of bamboo as a construction material, development efforts should be directed to its preservation. Utilization of lands that are less productive for growing bamboo is an attempt to preserve the bamboo. With the extensive use of bamboo structures in the field, the circulation where bamboo can support the economy of the people and provide a positive impact on the environment. KEY WORDS: Bamboo, construction, design, environment ABSTRAK Bambu merupakan salah satu bahan bangunan tertua dan sangat serbaguna dengan banyak aplikasi di bidang konstruksi bangunan, khususnya di negara-negara berkembang. Bambu tumbuh melimpah di seluruh kepulauan Indonesia, dan telah menjadi bagian dari kehidupan masyarakat Indonesia selama berabad-abad. Pertumbuhan bambu yang cepat membuat bambu sebagai sumber daya yang dapat berkelanjutan. Bambu merupakan material kuat dan ringan dan sering dapat digunakan tanpa pengolahan atau finishing. Konstruksi bambu mudah untuk membangun, tahan terhadap gaya gempa, dan mudah diperbaiki jika terjadi kerusakan. Sumber daya kayu berkurang dengan adanya pembatasan yang dikenakan pada penebangan di hutan alam, terutama di daerah tropis, telah memfokuskan perhatian dunia pada kebutuhan untuk mengidentifikasi pengganti material yang dapat diperbaruhi, ramah lingkungan dan secara luas dapat dimanfaatkan. Keberadaan kayu yang semakin langka karena pemanfaatkan kayu masa lalu secara besar-besaran, sementara pertumbuhan kayu hingga dapat digunakan sebagai material konstruksi bangunan sangat lama bisa mencapai 40 tahun dibandingkan dengan bambu yang hanya sekitar 3 sampai 5 tahun. Dengan pertumbuhan yang cepat, kemampuan adaptasi yang baik untuk sebagian besar kondisi iklim dan kondisi tanah, bambu muncul sebagai alternatif yang sangat cocok. Namun, dalam rangka memanfaatkan sepenuhnya potensi bambu sebagai material konstruksi bangunan, upaya pembangunan harus diarahkan untuk pelestariannya. Pemanfaatan lahan-lahan yang kurang produktif untuk penanaman bambu merupakan upaya melestarikan bambu. Dengan pemanfaatan bambu yang luas dibidang struktur bangunan, maka sirkulasi keberadaan bambu dapat mendukung perekonomian rakyat serta memberikan dampak positip yang besar terhadap lingkungan. KATA KUNCI : Bambu, konstruksi bangunan, desain, lingkungan.
ASIDOLISIS ENZIMATIK MINYAK IKAN TUNA( THUNNUS THYNNUS) MENJADI PRODUK ASAM LEMAK KAYA OMEGA-3 DENGAN PEMANFAATAN LIPASE GETAH PEPAYA (carica papaya latex) Wahyuningsih Wahyuningsih; Isti Pudjihastuti; Heny Kusumayanti
METANA Vol 8, No 01 (2012): Juli 2012
Publisher : Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (142.392 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/metana.v8i01.4909

Abstract

Incorporation of omega-3 polyunsaturated acids (n-3 PUFA) into Tuna (Thunnus thynnus) fish oil was investigated by using acidolysis enzimatis Process. The product of this modification is expected to be used as an ingredient nutrifition food products, especially in milk and baby food as well as pregnant and lactating The purpose of this study was to optimizing the used of lipased papaya latex (Carica papaya latex) in the product to incorporation fatty acids rich in omega-3.Bioreactor acidolysis enzematik development and Optimization of process the productivity of fatty acids rich in omega-3. Reaction Acidolysis was conducted between tuna (thunnus thynnus) fish oil by microbial lipase (5% of the weight of the substrate mixture) or vegetable lipased (Carica papaya latex) (6-10% by weight subtract mixture) as biocatalist.Acidolysis mixture the bioreactor at 40 o C for (2-6 hours) and the stirring speed of 200 rpm, pH (4.5 to 6.5). to eliminate free fatty acids from the product acidolysis performed neutralization with NaOH The results are expected to show that the lipase papaya latex (Carica papaya latex) can be used as biocatalyst incorporated omega-3 fatty acids in   tunaIthunnus thunnyl) fish oil . In this study sought conditions for optimum incorporation rate, ie the use of papaya latex lipase concentration of 8%, the ratio of concentrations of omega-3 fatty acid and palm oil (1:1), pH = 5.5, Optimal time of 4 hours and the temperature (40oC) . The results were analyzed incorporation of omega-3 (EPA and DHA) with GC.EPA generated: 3.57% and DHA = 3.91% Key word:Acidolysis,Tuna fish oil

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