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JURNAL KIMIA SAINS DAN APLIKASI
Published by Universitas Diponegoro
ISSN : 14108917     EISSN : 25979914     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Engineering
urnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi (p-ISSN: 1410-8917) and e-ISSN: 2597-9914) is published by Department of Chemistry, Diponegoro University. This journal is published four times per year and publishes research, review and short communication in field of Chemistry.
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Articles 5 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 23, No 4 (2020): Volume 23 Issue 4 Year 2020" : 5 Documents clear
Improving the Performance of Zinc Oxide Photocatalysts for Phenol Degradation through Addition of Lanthanum Species Wynona Agatha Nimpoeno; Hendrik Oktendy Lintang; Leny Yuliati
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 23, No 4 (2020): Volume 23 Issue 4 Year 2020
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (3293.592 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/jksa.23.4.109-116

Abstract

One green approach to degrade organic pollutants, such as phenol, is through the photocatalytic reaction. Despite having large band gap energy, which is enough for phenol degradation, zinc oxide (ZnO) has low photocatalytic efficiency. In this study, ZnO was modified by lanthanum (La) species, and the improved photocatalytic activity was confirmed for degradation of phenol under visible and ultraviolet (UV) light irradiation. The ZnO and its modified photocatalysts were prepared by the hydrothermal method in the absence and presence of La species (0.01‒2 wt%). X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns showed that the addition of La did not disturb the structure of ZnO, but slightly decreased the crystallite size. While the La addition up to 1 wt% did not affect the optical properties of the ZnO, the addition of 2 wt% La slightly red-shifted the absorption band edge of the ZnO. The Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra showed La oxide formation observed at 515-540 cm-1 after 2 wt% La addition. Fluorescence emission spectra revealed that synthesized ZnO has oxygen vacancies at 558 nm, and the presence of 1 wt% La did not significantly affect the emission intensity. The photocatalytic activity of ZnO was influenced by the La addition, where the best performance was obtained on the ZnO with 1 wt% La. This study demonstrated that the optimum amount of La species could increase the performance of the ZnO.
In Silico Screening Anticancer of Six Triterpenoids toward miR-494 and TNF-α Targets Vikra Ardiansyah Zaini; Purwantiningsih Sugita; Luthfan Irfana; Suminar Setiati Achmadi
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 23, No 4 (2020): Volume 23 Issue 4 Year 2020
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (3049.44 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/jksa.23.4.117-123

Abstract

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounts for up to 90% of all primary liver cancers worldwide. Cinobufagin is recognized to inhibit miR-494 as the HCC target. Increased expression of TNF-α results in an inadequate response to liver anticancer drugs. The models in this study were cinobufagin, cycloartenol, and ethyl acetate fractions of Ganoderma lucidum, 2–5. Seven docking targets in this study were Akt, ERK1, ERK2, PI3K, TNF-α, TNFR1, and TNFR2. Cycloartenol and compound 4 comply with Veber’s rules, Lipinski’s rule of 5, and demonstrate moderate toxicity. The action implies a potential docking target since it produces bond affinities with the compound 2–5 that agree with the IC50 in the literature, which is based on in vitro experiments. Akt as a receptor target is AZD5363. Cycloartenol shows a low ability to inhibit Akt. Conversely, compound 4 inhibits the Akt better than that of cycloartenol, although it is not as good as cinobufagin and AZD5363. Therefore, compound 4, a triterpenoid with a basic framework of lanostane has the potential to be an anticancer candidate for the liver.
Fruit Stalk Extract from Chili Peppers (Capsicum annum L.) as a Natural Antioxidant to Inhibit Oxidation in Crude Palm Oil Rahmiwati Hilma; Eka Tri Setya Wulandari; Zaldi Arman
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 23, No 4 (2020): Volume 23 Issue 4 Year 2020
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (2009.897 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/jksa.23.4.124-128

Abstract

Fruit stalk of chili pepper (Capsicum annum L.) so far is still an untapped waste. The content of active compounds in fruit and fruit stalk of chili pepper (C. annum L.) is known to have good antioxidant activity. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the extract of fruit stalk of chili pepper in inhibiting the oxidation of crude palm oil (CPO). In this study, the extraction of fruit stalk of chili pepper (C. annum L.) was carried out with n-hexane (from now on referred to as CHE) solvent and with ethanol solvent (from now on referred to as CEE). CHE and CEE were analyzed for total phenolic and flavonoid analyzes. Next, an evaluation of antioxidant activity was carried out using the DPPH method. The effectiveness test of adding the two extracts to the quality of CPO was carried out for ten days using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) analysis. The parameters observed were peroxide numbers, free fatty acids, and iodine numbers. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and followed by a Least Significance Different (LSD) test. The results show that the total phenolic value is 0.257 mg QE/g dry weight in CEE and 0.003 mg QE/g dry weight in CHE. Total flavonoid values are 0.155 mg QE/g dry weight in CEE and 0.003 mg QE/g in CHE. IC50 values for DPPH test extract are 223.72 μg/mL in CEE and 953.77 μg/mL in CHE. The test results of the effectiveness of the two extracts against CPO show thin CEE, and CHE significantly (P <0.05) influences to CPO free fatty acids, peroxide number, and iodine number. Both extracts can protect CPO from oxidation. CEE is more effective in maintaining CPO quality for ten days with free fatty acid values (2.1%), peroxide value values 0.48 meq/kg, and iodine number 54.8. Furthermore, this result meets the CPO quality standard, according to SNI-01-2901-2006.
Anti-aggregation effect of Ascorbic Acid and Quercetin on aggregated Bovine Serum Albumin Induced by Dithiothreitol: Comparison of Turbidity and Soluble Protein Fraction Methods Amat Rifai; Mukhammad Asy&#039;ari; Agustina L. N. Aminin
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 23, No 4 (2020): Volume 23 Issue 4 Year 2020
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (2406.281 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/jksa.23.4.129-134

Abstract

Studies on the anti-aggregation of dithiothreitol (DTT) induced - protein is generally determined by the fraction soluble (non-aggregated) protein. While the turbidity method is commonly used in studies of anti-aggregation, in which protein is induced by heat, in this study, both methods are compared in observing the anti-aggregation activity of ascorbic acid and quercetin toward bovine serum albumin induced by DTT. The DTT is a reducing agent for protein disulfide bonds and capable of inducing protein aggregation at physiological pH and temperature. The work was performed by the formation of Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) aggregates induced by DTT under physiological conditions, which are pH 7.4 and 37°C. The aggregated protein profile was observed using the turbidity method at the end of incubation and measuring the difference of concentration between the fraction of soluble protein before and after incubation. The measurement was carried out using a spectrophotometer UV-Vis. The results indicate that both methods show similar inhibition profiles. The potential inhibition of ascorbic acid (AA) toward BSA protein aggregation induced by DTT increased along with incubation time. While quercetin shows the highest inhibition at 12 hours but decreased at 18 hours, this study reveals that both methods can observe the anti-aggregation activity of ascorbic acid and quercetin.
Utilization of Rubber seed shell and Palm Oil Fronds as Composite Materials for Automotive Industry Rahmadini Syafri; Chairil Chairil; Muhammad Rizqi Pratama; Muhammad Alfayed; Kardina Febriani; Hardi Rahayu Saputra
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 23, No 4 (2020): Volume 23 Issue 4 Year 2020
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (2706.268 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/jksa.23.4.102-108

Abstract

Rubber seed shell (RSS) and Palm Oil Fronds (POF) are types of solid waste produced from rubber and palm oil plantation that has not been fully utilized. Meanwhile, in the automotive industry, composites have been the material of choice in some of its components. For example, composite body panels have been widely used in sports cars and passenger cars. This study aimed to utilize RSS powder and POF fiber waste as reinforcing fillers for the composite matrix. The matrix used was liquid polyester resin with the addition of catalyst as a hardener. RSS, which has been carbonized, was then activated using H2SO4 while POF fiber was pre-treated with 5% NaOH, then characterized both fillers by FTIR and SEM. Composites filled by RSS and POF in 4 variations were tested for mechanical properties with matrix composites without fillers as controls. FTIR testing of RSS carbonized powder found that carbonyl group consisting of tar compounds and remnants of carbon dioxide compounds that lost after activation with the H2SO4 solution. Meanwhile in POF fibers found that carbonyl group consisted of lignin and hemicellulose disappear after pre-treatment by 5% NaOH. SEM testing of RSS and POF fillers showed changes in surface morphology. The RSS and POF surface became coarser and porous, and the fibrils of POF fiber more obvious. The mechanical properties showed that the optimum result obtained in the composition of Matrix/POF/RSS (92.5/2.5/5).

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