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Jurnal Ekonomi Kesehatan Indonesia
Published by Universitas Indonesia
ISSN : 25278878     EISSN : 25983849     DOI : 10.7454
Core Subject : Health, Education, Social,
Education Environmental Science Health Professions Public Health
Jurnal Ekonomi Kesehatan Indonesia, Jurnal EKI, presents scientific writings on information and updates of health economic in collaboration with Centre for Health Economic and Policy Studies (CHEPS) Universitas Indonesia and INAHEA (indonesian Health Economic Association). Jurnal EKI is published four times (four number) annually (per volume) in two languages (Bahasa Indonesia and English) electronically and printed. It includes research findings, case studies, and conceptual fields, namely: health economic, health insurance, health administration/policy, pharmaco-economic, and Health Technology Assessment (HTA).
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Articles 103 Documents
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Analisis Efisiensi Relatif di Unit Pelaksana Teknis Badan Pengawas Obat dan Makanan Tahun 2019 Pantri Widyastuti; Atik Nurwahyuni
Jurnal Ekonomi Kesehatan Indonesia Vol 6, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.7454/eki.v6i2.5320

Abstract

Tantangan pengawasan obat dan makanan mengharuskan Unit Pelaksana Teknis (UPT) BPOM bekerja optimal di tengah keterbatasan sumber daya. Analisis efisiensi relatif pada Unit Pelaksana Teknis BPOM tahun 2019 dilakukan bertujuan untuk perbaikan dalam perencanaan, penganggaran, dan kebijakan strategis BPOM dalam upaya peningkatan capaian kinerja pada masing-masing UPT. Perhitungan efisiensi relatif menggunakan metode DEA (Data envelopment Analysis). Penelitian ini menggunakan mixed method dengan desain penelitian cross sectional. Sampel penelitian adalah 31 UPT BPOM yang memenuhi syarat sebagai DMU (Decision Making Unit) dan menggunakan 3 input dan 4 output yang diuji dengan metode DEA. Terdapat 10 informan dalam analisis kualitatif untuk mengetahui strategi dalam pencapaian efisiensi UPT. Hasil dari analisis terdapat 15 UPT yang efisien dan 16 UPT yang tidak efisien. Hasil wawancara diketahui bahwa UPT yang efisien dan yang tidak efisien telah melaksanakan strategi efisiensi internal dengan baik. DEA merupakan analisis efisiensi relatif dengan konsep memaksimalkan rasio output dan input. Penggunaan model VRS (Variabel return to Scale) yang mempertimbangkan proses, diharapkan mengeliminasi kekurangan yang terdapat dalam perhitungan dengan DEA. Perhitungan DEA dilakukan secara mekanik, maka diperlukan pendalaman proses untuk menggali faktor efisiensi yang tidak didapatkan dari perhitungan DEA, terlebih untuk organisasi yang dalam prosesnya melibatkan faktor eksternal yang cukup besar.
TELEMEDICINE PAYMENT SYSTEM BASED ON QUALITY: A SCOPING REVIEW Zuhaira Husna Fatma; Ryan Rachmad Nugraha
Jurnal Ekonomi Kesehatan Indonesia Vol 7, No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.7454/eki.v7i2.5559

Abstract

Telemedicine has been proven to improve access to care. However, it is still not sure how a payment system can accommodate high-quality telemedicine services. This paper aims to study the available payment system to accommodate telemedicine with a focus on health services quality. We conducted a scoping review of the telemedicine payment system and telemedicine quality through the PubMed and CINAHL databases including primary research, literature reviews, and expert opinion, aside from policy documents. The number of records identified through the database was 286. In addition, 195 were screened after removing duplicates, and 28 papers were included in the review after meeting the inclusion criteria. From a close look, it is concluded that, in its vast options of care, telemedicine practice can be tailored to payment systems that can be accommodated to quality. According to our review, the type of payment model used to fund telemedicine services could either bolster or hinder quality improvement, depending on the setting. Furthermore, concerns such as lack of standard reimbursement policy and privacy concerns need to be mitigated early to accommodate the integration of telemedicine into the existing payment system.
KAJIAN ATAS RISIKO KELOMPOK USIA DAN KLAIM RUMAH SAKIT (RS) COVID-19 DI INDONESIA, 2020 – 2021 Andhika Nurwin Maulana; Ruli E Al Faizin; Kalsum Komaryani; Farah Purwaningrum; Hasbullah Thabrany
Jurnal Ekonomi Kesehatan Indonesia Vol 7, No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.7454/eki.v7i2.5407

Abstract

Penelitian ini menganalisis risiko COVID-19 untuk kelompok usia dan korelasinya dengan tingkat keparahan, durasi rawat inap (Length of Stay/LOS), klaim rumah sakit, dan status keluar pasien rawat inap rumah sakit. Definisi dari kelompok usia adalah dari anak-anak, usia produktif, dan usia lanjut. Pertengahan tahun 2020 pemerintah Indonesia menetapkan pembatasan sosial di beberapa daerah seiring dengan peningkatan kasus COVID-19 namun situasi ekonomi diharapkan tetap berjalan. Namun dalam melakukan kegiatan ekonomi akan mempunyai risiko lebih tinggi ketika mereka melakukan kegiatan ekonomi, apalagi jika mereka menggunakan transportasi publik ke lokasi pekerjaan mereka. Penelitian ini juga mengukur signifikansi perbedaan dalam penerapan Pedoman Pencegahan dan Pengendalian COVID-19 Pedoman Revisi Ke-4 dan Ke-5 dan dampaknya terhadap durasi rawat inap dan klaim RS untuk pasien rawat inap. Penelitian ini menggunakan data E-Klaim Kementerian Kesehatan dengan total 206 ribu pasien rawat inap COVID-19 seluruh Indonesia antara Maret 2020 sampai dengan Januari 2021. Temuan awal adalah anak-anak mempunyai proporsi tingkat kesembuhan paling tinggi dibandingkan usia produktif, dan usia lanjut mempunyai tingkat kesembuhan paling rendah untuk status pasien keluar rawat inap. Sedangkan proporsi meninggal menunjukkan hal yang sebaliknya untuk status pasien keluar rawat inap. Hasil dari regresi hampir semua variabel mempunyai pengaruh yang berarti terhadap klaim pasien rawat inap COVID-19.
DAK FISIK KESEHATAN TO REDUCE MATERNAL AND INFANT MORTALITY RATE Rendy Alvaro; Ratna Christianingrum; Tio Riyono
Jurnal Ekonomi Kesehatan Indonesia Vol 7, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.7454/eki.v7i1.5412

Abstract

Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) and Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) are essential indicators of health development that are written on the national development plan documents. Nevertheless, Indonesia has not yet achieved the national target of MDG’s and SDG’s. In prediction, without extraordinary policies, the target of SDGs will not be reached by 2030. The government has allocated DAK Fisik Penugasan as one of the efforts to reduce MMR and IMR. So this study aims to capture the effect of DAK Fisik in decreasing MMR and IMR. Panel data from 34 provinces level in 2019 and 2020 are analyzed using mean difference test and quadrant analysis. Results show that there is no significant difference of MMR in 34 provinces with or without DAK Fisik Penugasan. Then there are still many provinces with the lower MMR and IMR which get budget priorities and vice versa. The government should 1) provide a local government stimulus to enhance acceleration of reducing MMR and IMR; 2) allocate budget priority to provinces that have higher score of MMR and IMR; 3) Encourage local governments to improve the quality of DAK Fisik proposals along with better quality of budget absorption.
BIAYA PENGOBATAN PASIEN RAWAT INAP COVID-19 DI RUMAH SAKIT X TAHUN 2021 Reli Giusman; Atik Nurwahyuni
Jurnal Ekonomi Kesehatan Indonesia Vol 7, No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.7454/eki.v7i2.5797

Abstract

Pandemi COVID-19 telah menyebabkan berbagai rumah sakit di dunia mengalami kesulitan dalam memberikan pelayanan karena jumlah pasien melonjak dengan waktu singkat. Pandemi yang meluas dengan mortalitas yang tinggi di berbagai belahan negara  mengakibatkan rawat inap pasien karena penyakit COVID-19 menjadi tinggi sehingga biaya perawatannya pun mengalami peningkatan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melakukan analisis biaya pengobatan COVID-19 pasien rawat inap Rumah Sakit X. Data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder yang berasal dari data INA-CBGs dan rekam medis sebanyak 1,196 sampel dalam periode Agustus 2020 sampai dengan April 2021. Uji statistik menggunakan Mann Whitney Test, Kruskal Wallis Test dan Spearman Test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan biaya rata-rata pengobatan pasien rawat inap COVID-19 di RS X adalah Rp 43,595,339.94. Selisih biaya riil pengobatan pasien rawat inap COVID-19 dengan biaya klaim sebesar positif Rp. 48,622,313.07. Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi peningkatan biaya pengobatan pasien rawat inap COVID19 di RS X adalah usia lanjut (> 60 tahun), jenis kelamin laki-laki, tingkat pendidikan perguruan tinggi, tingkat keparahan dengan gejala sedang, memiliki penyakit penyerta, lama rawat, status keluar dengan sembuh, Dokter Penanggung Jawab Pasien (DPJP) adalah spesialis paru dan kolaborasi dokter > 3 dokter.
ANALYSIS OF CIGARETTE DEMAND AMONG POOR HOUSEHOLDS IN INDONESIA: AN ISLAMIC ECONOMIC APPROACH Yusnia Monica; Abdillah Ahsan; Triasih Djutaharta; Nadira Amalia
Jurnal Ekonomi Kesehatan Indonesia Vol 7, No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.7454/eki.v7i2.5703

Abstract

Increasing Indonesia’s health and economic burdens generated by smoking habit require immediate stakeholder responses to reduce cigarette consumption. This study aims to examine and compare the changes in smoking behavior (i.e., the smoking status and the number of cigarettes consumed monthly) among zakat recipients (mustahik) and zakat payers (muzaki) caused by cigarette prices and income changes. Using a dataset from SUSENAS 2018 and conducted under kifayah approach (a poverty line approach in Islamic economics that will allow the observers to differentiate between muzaki and mustahik), this study employed two-part regression models. Results showed that an increasing income escalated cigarette consumption (ß = 0.761; 95% CI = 0.761, 0.762), but increasing cigarette prices reduced cigarette consumption (ß = -0.682; 95% CI = -0.683, -0.682). Mustahik household is more responsive toward changes as compared to muzaki ones. Mustahik household sensitivity towards cigarettes has important implications for zakat institutions in ensuring and monitoring zakat funds utilization among mustahik.
THE EFFECT OF SMOKING BEHAVIOR ON HEALTH EXPENDITURE IN INDONESIA’S RURAL AREAS Cyril Anfasha Firmansyah; Reza Galih Renaldi; Dinda Monikka; Estro Dariatno Sihaloho
Jurnal Ekonomi Kesehatan Indonesia Vol 7, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.7454/eki.v7i1.5401

Abstract

Smoking is one of the biggest causes of death in the world. The WHO reported that smoking kills 8 million people each year. Besides threatening global health, smoking by rural people tends to detain poverty alleviation efforts due to several factors, including cigarette expenditures and health expenditures. Indonesia has one of the most significant worldwide smoking prevalence and has become one of the countries that most suffer from smoking. The MoH Indonesia reported that health costs due to smoking reached Rp596.61 trillion in 2015. Previous studies found that smoking caused an increase in health expenditure due to smoking-related diseases in Indonesia. However, there is a lack of evidence found in rural areas. This research aims to answer whether smoking affects health expenditure in rural areas. Robust regression analysis is used in this model and processed by STATA 14 application. Using IFLS 5 data, the analysis shows that cigarettes consumed in rural areas have a positive and significant effect on outpatient costs. Increased outpatient costs in rural areas due to smoking will make the rural economy suffer and escalate poverty. The government should intensify the tobacco control policy in rural areas to avoid an increase of poverty rate in Indonesia.
PENUNDAAN PEMBAYARAN KLAIM JAMINAN KESEHATAN NASIONAL OLEH BPJS KESEHATAN DI INDONESIA: SEBUAH SCOPING REVIEW Immanuel Natanael Tarigan; Feni Dwi Lestari; Ede Surya Darmawan
Jurnal Ekonomi Kesehatan Indonesia Vol 7, No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.7454/eki.v7i2.6136

Abstract

Sejak pertama kali diimplementasikan, pemanfaatan Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN) semakin meningkat setiap tahun. Saat ini hampir semua rumah sakit melayani pasien JKN. Namun demikian, proses pembayaran klaim JKN tidak berjalan dengan mulus serta sering terjadi penundaan pembayaran. Hal ini menyebabkan hambatan di rumah sakit, terutama rumah sakit pemerintah yang mayoritas pasiennya adalah pasien JKN. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui besarnya penundaan pembayaran klaim serta faktor-faktor apa yang terlibat dalam penundaan pembayaran klaim JKN oleh BPJS Kesehatan (Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial Kesehatan) di rumah sakit pemerintah. Studi ini dilakukan dengan metode scoping review dengan pedoman Arksey dan O’Malley. Studi dilakukan dengan mengikutsertakan publikasi dari tahun 2014 hingga 2022. Pencarian literatur dilakukan pada 3 database elektronik dan pencarian tambahan, menemukan sebanyak 530 studi. Sebanyak 35 studi dianalisis dalam penelitian ini, terdiri atas rumah sakit tipe A hingga D, milik pemerintah pusat maupun pemerintah daerah. Studi menemukan bahwa besar penundaan pembayaran klaim pasien JKN sekitar 2,5-47,7% per bulannya. Adapun beberapa faktor yang ditemukan erat hubungannya penundaan pembayaran klaim ini adalah kelengkapan administrasi, jumlah tenaga, kemampuan dan ketelitian koder, kelengkapan penulisan resume medis oleh dokter penanggung jawab pasien, komunikasi yang baik antara dokter penanggung jawab pasien dan koder, pemanfaatan verifikator internal, dukungan sarana dan prasarana serta adanya standar prosedur operasional.
OPTIMIZATION OF HEALTHCARE WORKERS AVAILABILITY : INCREASING PRIMARY HEALTH CARE EFFICIENCY IN INDONESIA Anedya Niedar; Firdaus Hafidz; Krishna Hort
Jurnal Ekonomi Kesehatan Indonesia Vol 7, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.7454/eki.v7i1.5397

Abstract

Policy has focused on the unequal distribution of health workers, while the potential for improvements in efficiency to address this problem has been neglected. This study aims to measure and compare the level of efficiency in the use of the available health workforce for the delivery of selected primary healthcare services among districts/cities in Indonesia, and to identify factors influencing that efficiency. The Data Envelopment Analysis method with output orientation to measure efficiency and Tobit regression analysis was performed to determine the effect of contextual factors. The average score for the technical efficiency of primary health care service delivery throughout Indonesia was 1.29, indicating the potential to achieve on average 29% higher coverage of the selected primary health services if all were as efficient as the most efficient. The average efficiency score in the Eastern Indonesia region was 1.62 and the average in the Java-Bali region was 1.05, indicating higher potential efficiency gains in the Eastern Indonesia region. Access to health care facilities was a consistently significant factor influencing the efficiency of primary health care in almost all regions. This study has demonstrated the potential for significant gains in coverage of key primary care services through improvements in the efficiency of use of the existing health workforce.
SOCIOECONOMIC FACTORS AND SMOKING HABITS IN INDONESIA: ANALYSIS OF INDONESIAN FAMILY LIFE SURVEY (IFLS) 2014/2015 Widiandini Prita Hapsari; Teddy Harvi Satrio; Yolanda Orient; Tiara Kania Ladzuardini; Estro Dariatno Sihaloho
Jurnal Ekonomi Kesehatan Indonesia Vol 7, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.7454/eki.v7i1.5411

Abstract

This study aims to find out what effects affect individuals to become smokers. So that the influence of socio-economic conditions and smoking habits in Indonesia can be helpful to literacy for policymakers. This study uses secondary data from the Indonesia Family Life Survey 2014/2015 (IFLS-5). The main variables in this study were smoking habits, while socio-economic conditions, social demographics and health conditions as control variables to see other factors that influence smoking habits. Using a logistic regression model, the results of this study indicate that several variables that represent socioeconomic conditions have a positive relationship and several other variables have a negative relationship to smoking habits in Indonesia and some show significant results. In the control variable, all demographic factors have a negative and significant effect on smoking habits. People with heart disease have a negative and significant effect, while people with symptoms of depression and physical activity have a positive and significant effect if health conditions are the control variables. With the results of the analysis above, it ends in a discussion of the Human Development Index (HDI) which can be a solution to the problems caused by cigarette consumption in Indonesia.

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