International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS)
International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS) is an interdisciplinary journal that publishes material on all aspects of public health science. This IJPHS provides the ideal platform for the discussion of more sophisticated public health research and practice for authors and readers world wide. The priorities are originality and excellence. The journal welcomes high-impact articles on emerging public health science that covers (but not limited) to epidemiology, biostatistics, nutrition, family health, infectious diseases, health services research, gerontology, child health, adolescent health, behavioral medicine, rural health, chronic diseases, health promotion, evaluation and intervention, public health policy and management, health economics, occupational health and environmental health.
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<![CDATA[Legality of therapeutic contract of stem cell treatment in Indonesia ]]>
<![CDATA[Ahdiana Yuni Lestari]]>;
<![CDATA[Danang Wahyu Muhammad]]>;
<![CDATA[Izzy Al Kautsar]]>;
<![CDATA[Siti Ismijati Jenie]]>
<![CDATA[ International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS) Vol 12, No 1: March 2023 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Intelektual Pustaka Media Utama ]]>
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DOI: 10.11591/ijphs.v12i1.22498
<![CDATA[This study analyzed the purposes and functions of stem cell treatment arrangements in Indonesian national law and then describe the characteristics of therapeutic agreements between patients and elements of health services against the legal terms of the agreement based on the Civil Code. This study used a normative juridical research method. The results of this study are: i) in terms of stem cell treatment procedures, only some can get services and treatment because the procedure is very complicated and lengthy. Hence, the purpose and function of regulating the implementation of stem cell treatment in Indonesia are to provide legal certainty and protection law to the public and health service providers; ii) the conditions for the validity of a stem cell Therapeutic agreement must be based on the criteria specified in Article 1,320 of the Civil Code, then the elements of the parties that bind themselves; the skills of the parties; particular object, and lawful cause must be clear, and iii) the type of therapeutic contract that can maintain the honor of the parties is the "three in one" model. However, this model currently needs to be improved in Indonesia because of the novelty of the regulatory framework.]]>
<![CDATA[COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among the university students and personnel ]]>
<![CDATA[Jomell Miranda Santiago]]>;
<![CDATA[Angelo R. Santos]]>;
<![CDATA[Analyn M. Gamit]]>
<![CDATA[ International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS) Vol 12, No 1: March 2023 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Intelektual Pustaka Media Utama ]]>
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DOI: 10.11591/ijphs.v12i1.22111
<![CDATA[A delay in accepting or refusing a vaccination despite the availability of vaccination services is described as vaccine hesitancy. The vaccine hesitancy among the Filipinos is a significant challenge to achieving herd immunity. Thus, this study was conducted to determine the COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy of Nueva Ecija University of Science and Technology students and staff. Total sampling and descriptive study methodology were employed. To gather information about the profile, information sources, and hesitation regarding the COVID-19 vaccine, a questionnaire was created. Both informed consent and permission to conduct were secured. Researchers used a variety of statistical tools to assess the data. The respondents’ likely reasons to get vaccinated were to protect themselves and others, and the recommendation from a healthcare provider can help encourage those hesitant to get vaccinated. Moreover, the main reasons for their hesitancy were their fear of the side effects, and poor knowledge about the vaccine. With this, educational programs meant to educate those individuals who had vaccine hesitancy must be conducted. Moreover, vaccine hesitancy must be monitored, as it is expected to vary over time. Therefore, campaigns to disseminate the importance of the vaccine in the nation's public health must be continuously conducted for all types of diseases.]]>
<![CDATA[Anxiety status of junior archers in COVID-19 during training isolation period towards the shooting performance ]]>
<![CDATA[Wan Nurlisa Wan Ahmad]]>;
<![CDATA[Mohd Azrul Hisham Mohd Adib]]>;
<![CDATA[Irdayanti Mat Nashir]]>;
<![CDATA[Mon Redee Sut Txi]]>;
<![CDATA[Fatin Nurfatehah Mat Salleh]]>;
<![CDATA[Jing Rui Tang]]>
<![CDATA[ International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS) Vol 12, No 1: March 2023 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Intelektual Pustaka Media Utama ]]>
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DOI: 10.11591/ijphs.v12i1.21982
<![CDATA[Studies have indicated that the COVID-19 pandemic has had miserable effects on athlete performance due to the movement control order (MCO) announced by the Malaysia Government. Dealing with self-training without the coach's guidance leads the archers to lose concentration, diminished self-confidence, and elevated anxiety levels. These factors contribute to inconsistent shooting performance. This study attempted to identify the archer's anxiety status during the training isolation period on the shooting performance. A total of 32 participants from the recurve archery category were recruited and enrolled in a web-based cross-sectional study during the MCO. The CSAI-2R instrument was applied to participants to examine the psychological aspect. Training Isolation resulted in a significant effect on anxiety status and shooting performance. Analysis from CSAI-2R, low-level archers, indicated 5% more anxiety than top-level archers for both cognitive and somatic anxiety sub-component. In contrast, Top archers revealed a higher self-confidence mean of 2.32 (moderately high) than low archers (1.38). The result shows improvement in anxiety and score performance with complete online monitoring and coaching supervision first session until the 8th session. These findings could assist sports institutions in improving a better training experience and understanding the pandemic's impact on athletes' mental health during home isolation.]]>
<![CDATA[Health and safety risks behavior among local and international tourists at Borobudur Temple before COVID-19 pandemic ]]>
<![CDATA[Zahroh Shaluhiyah]]>;
<![CDATA[Antono Suryoputro]]>;
<![CDATA[Delita Septialti]]>
<![CDATA[ International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS) Vol 12, No 1: March 2023 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Intelektual Pustaka Media Utama ]]>
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DOI: 10.11591/ijphs.v12i1.22250
<![CDATA[Tourists are vulnerable to certain diseases and health-related issues, including experiencing danger during their visit to a destination. This study aims to compare the health and safety behavior of local and foreign tourists during their visit to Borobudur Temple, Indonesia from September to November 2019. Additionally, it was carried out quantitatively with a cross-sectional approach. The sample consisted of 200 foreign and 200 local tourists visiting Borobudur Temple; they were selected using convenient sampling. The data were analyzed using the frequency distribution and the Chi-square test. The results showed that health risks related to food and beverage hygiene were the most experienced by foreign tourists (p-value 0.030), and solar radiation effects were experienced by both foreign and local tourists (p-value 0.006). Tourists' knowledge to prevent health and safety risks was categorized as moderately adequate, and foreign tourists have more understanding than their local counterparts. This study reported no difference in health and safety behaviors between foreign and local tourists. It was suggested that tourism managers should provide information to the visitors concerning health and safety risks prevention by delivering leaflets, booklets, and brochures to minimize danger, sunburn, and food as well as beverage-related diseases.]]>
<![CDATA[Sexual harassment prevention program for Indonesian nursing aides: a mixed-methods study ]]>
<![CDATA[Eva Berthy Tallutondok]]>;
<![CDATA[Chia-Jung Hsieh]]>;
<![CDATA[Ya-Ling Shih]]>;
<![CDATA[Satriya Pranata]]>
<![CDATA[ International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS) Vol 12, No 1: March 2023 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Intelektual Pustaka Media Utama ]]>
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DOI: 10.11591/ijphs.v12i1.21988
<![CDATA[Available evidence suggests that sexual harassment is widespread among Indonesian nurse aids working overseas, however little research has been done on the topic. This study investigated the effectiveness of sexual harassment prevention program for Indonesian foreign nursing aides working in long term care in Taiwan. Average work experience was 54.8 months and 93% of participants were female. We used mixed methods followed by a focus group. Quantitative data were analyzed using Wilcoxon signed rank test. Most participants had higher post-test scores, indicating a significant positive change in their awareness about sexual harassment (effect size r=0.84). More work experience correlated with less sexual harassment and greater job satisfaction. Content analysis was used to analyze qualitative data. Four themes emerged from the discussion: harassment may not be intentional, perpetrators are male patients, communicating in an effective and timely manner is important, and personal safety on the job is a concern. Although sexual harassment prevention programs are important for nurse aides, these programs should also include patients, their families, and staff members at long term care facilities. Further recommend the Indonesian Economic and Trade Office in Taiwan collaborate with private agencies to provide legal protection and training programs on these issues.]]>
<![CDATA[The impact of the basic dose of the COVID-19 vaccine and the number of COVID-19 patients on Google searches for vaccines ]]>
<![CDATA[Ignatius Sandyawan]]>;
<![CDATA[Robert Kurniawan]]>;
<![CDATA[Victor Trismanjaya Hulu]]>;
<![CDATA[Frans Judea Samosir]]>
<![CDATA[ International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS) Vol 12, No 1: March 2023 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Intelektual Pustaka Media Utama ]]>
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DOI: 10.11591/ijphs.v12i1.22175
<![CDATA[Indonesia has distributed the COVID-19 vaccinations to its people starting from January 2021 based on certain priorities to deal with COVID-19 pandemic. News of deaths after the COVID-19 vaccination has made some people hesitate to get vaccinated. This study aims to depict the pattern and determinant of public interest in COVID-19 vaccine information using Google Trends data. The pattern can be used as a suggestion to the government to conduct a campaign on the COVID-19 vaccine. Several topics related to the COVID-19 vaccine were collected from Google Trends and then clustered by the province using K-Means. By total within sum of square, best number of clusters is two. Then, a logistic regression analysis was done with cluster as response variable to find out what factors made people interested in the COVID-19 vaccine topic. As a result, percentage of people who received the first dose of the COVID-19 vaccine and the rate of COVID-19 patients who were treated had influenced public interest in the COVID-19 vaccine. Hence, the campaign must be transparent so that the public can see both the good and bad effects of vaccination. It will help to reduce the number of people dying after receiving vaccinations.]]>
<![CDATA[Knowledge, motivation, attitude, job design and health cadre performance: a cross sectional study ]]>
<![CDATA[Rinayati Rinayati]]>;
<![CDATA[Harsono Harsono]]>;
<![CDATA[Ambar Dwi Erawati]]>
<![CDATA[ International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS) Vol 12, No 1: March 2023 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Intelektual Pustaka Media Utama ]]>
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DOI: 10.11591/ijphs.v12i1.21930
<![CDATA[In 2020, the maternal mortality rate in Semarang increased to 98.6/100,000 and was ranked in the top 10 highest in Central Java. Until November 2021, there were 111 cases of Infant Mortality Rate (IMR), 195 cases of dengue fever, and 210 cases of malnutrition. The performance of health cadres and the role of the community must be improved. The results of observations in the field, the working cadres are still limited, and the performance of health cadres is considered not optimal. This cross-sectional study aimed to knowing the influential factors on performance of health cadres. The population of this study was all health cadres. The number of research samples was 68 respondents determined through the quota sampling. The source of data used in this study was primary data obtained through direct interviews using structured questionnaires. Data analysis used frequency distribution, bivariate, and multivariate analyses. Most of the health cadres have performed well (73.5%). The attitude of health cadres is the most influential factor on the performance of health cadres in improving health status in their area (p-value=0.001).]]>
<![CDATA[Elective caesarean section cost efficiency with time-driven activity-based costing ]]>
<![CDATA[Fahmy Abdul Haq]]>;
<![CDATA[Firman Pribadi]]>;
<![CDATA[Akrom Akrom]]>
<![CDATA[ International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS) Vol 12, No 1: March 2023 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Intelektual Pustaka Media Utama ]]>
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DOI: 10.11591/ijphs.v12i1.21963
<![CDATA[Hospitals compete to increase the value of services, one of which is cost-efficiency. The complexity of the service process and many resources in health services make calculating costs difficult. Time-driven activity based costing (TDABC) can identify specific cost drivers so that it has the potential to help identify inefficient processes. This study analyzes the cost efficiency of caesarean section with the TDABC. This study uses a qualitative research design with a case study method at one of the hospitals in Bantul, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Primary data was taken from direct observation and interviewing hospital staff. Secondary data were obtained from hospital annual report 2019, hospital financial reports 2019, and patient medical records. The cost of a caesarean section was calculated and analyzed using the seven-step TDABC model with one-year hospital 2019 data. The cost of an elective caesarean section with the TDABC method is IDR 4,576,182.72. Hospitals can reduce postoperative costs by 25% by reducing the use of medicine and antibiotics. Based on the research results, TDABC can properly analyze costs based on services and identify inefficient processes.]]>
<![CDATA[Communicating health and risk information among senior citizens in Bangladesh ]]>
<![CDATA[Mohammad Aminul Islam]]>;
<![CDATA[Monaemul Islam Sizear]]>;
<![CDATA[Sharmin Akhtar]]>;
<![CDATA[Monimul Huq]]>
<![CDATA[ International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS) Vol 12, No 1: March 2023 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Intelektual Pustaka Media Utama ]]>
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DOI: 10.11591/ijphs.v12i1.21787
<![CDATA[The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has affected human being in multiple ways all over the world. Senior citizens are more likely to get sick from COVID-19 compared to other age groups. Little is known about ways to deliver the messages to adult people to get the best outcome. We conducted a direct telephone/mobile phone-based cross-sectional survey among individuals who were aged >60 years old in Bangladesh. Verbal consent was taken and the snowball sampling method was used to reach the participants. This study showed that the most common sources of information about COVID-19 were family members, relatives, friends, and electronic media. Hence, 36.8% participants perceived that the media massages about COVID-19 were difficult to understand. Meanwhile, 53% participants could not understand the meanings news and information as those were presented using unknown terminologies. From the findings it can be concluded that the media messages should be communicated in a way that are context-specific and understandable, especially using more convenient terminology for better understanding for all levels of people.]]>
<![CDATA[Phthalates exposure as environmental risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus ]]>
<![CDATA[Munaya Fauziah]]>;
<![CDATA[Suhartono Suhartono]]>;
<![CDATA[Bagoes Widjanarko]]>;
<![CDATA[Muhammad Hussein Gasem]]>
<![CDATA[ International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS) Vol 12, No 1: March 2023 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Intelektual Pustaka Media Utama ]]>
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DOI: 10.11591/ijphs.v12i1.22280
<![CDATA[Phthalates exposure occurs in all areas, such as foods' plastic packaging, cosmetics, and others. Previous studies showed that phthalates are associated with the prevalence of T2DM. Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is caused by a combination of defective insulin secretion by pancreatic β-cells and the insulin-resistance. This study aimed to investigate whether phthalate exposure is an environmental risk factor for T2DM. A case-control study was conducted among residents in the South Tangerang district from June 2020 to February 2021 using a purposive sampling technique. The cases were the patients diagnosed T2DM with HbA1c>6.5% random blood sugar>200 mg/dL, with history T2DM treatment. The respondents' urines were collected and evaluated using liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS). A total of 47 cases and 47 controls were recruited in the study. The lowest monomethyl phthalate (MEP) and mono (2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate (MEHHP) were 5.37 µg/L and 2.02 µg/L, respectively. On multivariable regression analysis, the high urinary MEP level (>131.91 µg/L) was independently associated with T2DM (OR: 3.754, 95% CI: 1.559–8.811, p-value: 0.002). MEP is an environmental risk factor for T2DM and likely has a significant impact on human health than MEHHP.]]>
