Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pathology and Medical Laboratory (IJCPML)
Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pathology and Medical Laboratory (IJCPML) is a journal published by “Association of Clinical Pathologist” professional association. This journal displays articles in the Clinical Pathology and Medical Laboratory scope. Clinical Pathology has a couple of subdivisions, namely: Clinical Chemistry, Hematology, Immunology and Serology, Microbiology and Infectious Disease, Hepatology, Cardiovascular, Endocrinology, Blood Transfusion, Nephrology, and Molecular Biology. Scientific articles of these topics, mainly emphasize on the laboratory examinations, pathophysiology, and pathogenesis in a disease.
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<![CDATA[UJI GLUKOSA DARAH ANTARA METODE HEKSOKINASE DENGAN GLUKOSA OKSIDASE DAN GLUKOSA DEHIDROGENASE DI DIABETES MELITUS ]]>
<![CDATA[Baharuddin Baharuddin]]>;
<![CDATA[Asvin Nurulita]]>;
<![CDATA[Mansyur Arif]]>
<![CDATA[ INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol 21, No 2 (2015) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory ]]>
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DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v21i2.1102
<![CDATA[Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by chronic hyperglycemia that occurs because of abnormalities insulinsecretion, insulin or both. Diabetes mellitus diagnosis is established on the basis of examination of blood glucose levels. The recommendedblood glucose test is enzymatic method by hexokinase using venous blood plasma, while for monitoring the outcomes of treatment: bloodglucose test can be done by rapid test using capillary blood. The purpose of this study was to know the test result of blood glucose betweenhexokinase method (ABX Pentra 400), glucose oxidase (StatStrip Xpress, Super Glucocard II) and glucose dehydrogenase methods(Accu-Chek Performa) by comparing them Cross sectional study was conducted on 50 samples of patient hospitalized at Dr. WahidinSudirohusodo Hospital Makassar. The blood glucose test were performed at the Departement of Clinical Pathology from June up to July2012. Each plasma sample was tested using ABX Pentra 400, StatStrip Xpress, Super Glucocard II and Accu-Chek Performa. The datawere analyzed using Kolmogorov Smirnov and Mann Whitney test. Based from this study was showed that there was no difference in bloodthe level using a related (glucose) oxidase (StatStrip Xpress, Super Glucocard II) and its dehydrogenase method (Accu-Chek Performa)compared with hexokinase method (ABX Pentra 400) with p value > 0.05. The result obtained in this study showed that StatStrip Xpress,Super Glucocard II and Accu-Chek Performa can be used as a rapid test for monitoring blood glucose in hospitalized patients.]]>
<![CDATA[SUHU PENYIMPANAN KREATININ DAN ASAM URAT DALAM AIR KEMIH SELAMA 24 JAM ]]>
<![CDATA[AAN. Subawa]]>;
<![CDATA[Sianny Herawati]]>;
<![CDATA[I Nyoman Wande]]>;
<![CDATA[I Wayan Putu Sutirta Yasa]]>;
<![CDATA[Tjokorda Gede Oka]]>
<![CDATA[ INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol 21, No 2 (2015) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory ]]>
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DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v21i2.1107
<![CDATA[Creatinine and uric acid is a product that excreted in the urine by normal kidney functions. The examination of creatinine and uricacid in urine is done on 24-hour urine collection. During the storage of the urine, it is recommended to be stored in a refrigerator withthe grade temperatures ranging from 2–8°C and is not recommended to use any preservative for the examination of creatinine anduric acid in urine. To know the comparation of creatinine and uric acid concentrations in urine between the urine tested immediatelyafter the collection with urine that was stored at a temperature 2–8°C and those at room temperature for 24 hours. A total of 45 urinesamples from outpatient clinic that came to the laboratory, were collected in particular urine vacutainer. Each urine sample is divided intothree tubes. The first tube (P1) examined concentrations of creatinine and uric acid immediately after collection, was considered as thebaseline value. The second tube (P2) stored at 2–8°C and the third tube (P3) is stored at room temperature for 24 hours, then followedby the examination of creatinine and uric acid concentrations. The examination of creatinine in urine was using reagent CREP2 RocheDiagnostic and uric acid in urine was using reagent UA2 Roche diagnostics by Cobas Integra ® 400 plus ® instrument. The mean ofcreatinine in urine concentrations which immediately examined (P1) is (125.10±74.85 mg/dL), concentrations after storage at 2−8°C(P2) and at room temperature (P3) were (123.42±73.80 mg/dL) and (124.09±73.95 mg/dL) respectively. Based on the analysis ofone-way ANOVA, there were no significant differences between the concentrations of creatinine in urine immediately checked which werestored at 2–8°C and at room temperature (P>0.05). The mean of uric acid in urine concentrations which immediately examined (P1) is(52.61±35.48 mg/dL), where as after storage at 2–8°C (P2) and room temperature (P3) were (45.11±31.62 mg/dL) and (46.38±28.91mg/dL) respectively. Based on the analysis of one-way ANOVA, there were no significant differences between the concentrations of uricacid in urine immediately checked by those stored at 2–8°C and at room temperature (P>0.05). Based on this study, it can be concludedthat there were no effect of storage temperature on the concentrations of creatinine and uric acid in urine within 24 hours.]]>
<![CDATA[PROTEIN ADHESIN 38-KDA MIKOBAKTERIUM TUBERKULOSIS DAN SEL MAKROFAG PARU ]]>
<![CDATA[Maimun Zulhaidah A]]>;
<![CDATA[Rahmawati Rahmawati]]>;
<![CDATA[Bethasiwi Purbasari]]>;
<![CDATA[Sumarno Sumarno]]>
<![CDATA[ INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol 21, No 2 (2015) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory ]]>
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DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v21i2.1098
<![CDATA[Tuberculosis (TB) in Indonesia is at the third level in the world. The effectiveness of TB vaccine in lung TB. prevention varies, thus,this has motivated the researcher to explore based material of vaccine with a higher effectivity. One of the alternate vaccines that hasdeveloped, is the sub unit one made from adhesin protein. The aim of this study was to know the kind of oral administration of 38 kDaadhesin protein of M. tuberculosis in determining so that it can increase the level of macrophage in lungs of BALB/c mice. This study wasan experimental work using BALB/c male mice that were immunized with 38 kDa adhesin protein of Mycobacterium tuberculosis orally.The samples were chosen at random and divided into six (6) groups that consisted of: “100 μg protein +adjuvant ImmunostimulatingComplex (ISCOM)” group (n=5), “50 μg + adjuvant ISCOM” group (n=5), “100 μg” group (n=5), “50 μg” group (n=5), “ISCOM” group(n=5) and “negative control” group (n=5). The measurement of the variable in this study was the number of macrophages . The resultsshowed that the increasing number of macrophage had significant differences between each group. ANOVA test showed a significant levelat p<0.05. The conclusion of this study was that 38 kDa adhesin protein of M. tuberculosis peroral could increase the level of macrophagein the lung of BALB/c mice. The highest level of macrophages was the group induced by 100 μg 38 kDa adhesin protein of M. tuberculosisand adjuvant ISCOM.]]>
<![CDATA[ADIPONEKTIN HIGH MOLECULAR WEIGHT DAN KEKAKUAN VASKULAR DI PENYAKIT DIABETES MELITUS TIPE 2 TERKAIT GABUNGAN GLIMEPIRIDE METFORMIN DOSIS TETAP ]]>
<![CDATA[Sutjahjo, Ari]]>
<![CDATA[ INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol 21, No 2 (2015) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory ]]>
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DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v21i2.1089
<![CDATA[Diabetic patients have the tendency to develop micro vascular and macro vascular complications due to the hyperglycaemic state. Thereare various types of oral hypoglycaemic agents available in Indonesia, nevertheless, these agents fail to decrease mortality and morbiditydue to the endothelial dysfunction in diabetic patients. It is not yet known whether glimepiride metformin fixed dose combination isable to improve the serum High Molecular Weight (HMW) adiponectin and vascular stiffness which are important parameters of thecardiovascular risk factors. This study was to know the effect of glimepiride metformin fixed dose combination by investigation after 12weeks of treatment towards HMW adiponectin level and vascular stiffness using ba-PWV in type 2 diabetes. This research was carried outby a Quasi experimental study with pre and post test design. The subjects were type 2 diabetes patients who came to the EndocrinologyOutpatient Clinic at the Dr. Soetomo Hospital and 6 health centres in Surabaya during December 2010 to December 2011. In this study,measuring the HMW adiponectin level in plasma was by using ELISA method and the ba-PWV by using the V Serra-1000 before and aftertreatment with glimepiride metformin fixed dose for 12 weeks. Based on the thirty five type 2 diabetic patients who met the inclusion andexclusion criteria and who were enrolled in this study, after 12 weeks of treatment, the median HMW Adiponectin level was increasedfrom 1736 ng/mL to 1770 ng/mL, which was statistically not significant (p=0.317). After 12 weeks treatment, the median of ba-PWVwas decreased from 1580 cm/sec to 1450 cm/sec, which was statistically significant (p=0.028). The level of HMW adiponectin was notsignifantly different between before and after treatment. The level of brachial ankle Pulse Wave Velocety (ba-PWV) was significantlydifferent between before and after treatment. Glimepiride metformin fixed dose combination decreases the vascular stiffness, which isone of the parameters of the endothelial dysfunction.]]>
<![CDATA[ANGKA BANDING NEUTROFIL/LIMFOSIT DI KARSINOMA PAYUDARA ]]>
<![CDATA[Yuly Eko Prasetyo]]>;
<![CDATA[Uleng Bahrun]]>;
<![CDATA[Ruland DN. Pakasi]]>
<![CDATA[ INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol 21, No 2 (2015) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory ]]>
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DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v21i2.1090
<![CDATA[Carcinoma Mammae (CM) is a malignancy of epithelial cells restricting at the breast ducts or lobes which causes very high mortalityrate. The Neutrophil/Lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is reflecting the inflamatory status, has been reported to be a prognostic indicator in somemalignant tumors. The purpose of this study is to know the NLR as an indicator of the progressivity of CM by analyzing it. A retrospectiveobservational study performed using data from the medical record of CM patients at Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital from January 2010up to December 2012. The diagnosis were established by the clinicians based on the result of histopathological exsamination, chest X-ray,abdominal ultrasound, bone scan and CT scan. The patients with surgical history, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, leukocytes >12.000/mm3and incomplete data were excluded from the analysis. The data distribution was analyzed using Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. The relationbetween NLR in CM was analized by One way ANOVA test and post hoc analysis. The result were 130 samples, consisting of 17 patientsin early stage, 71 in stage III and 42 in stage IV CM. In the early stage the mean of NLR were 1.69, 2.04 in stage III and 2.89 in stage IVand their differences were statistically significant (p<0.001). Post hoc analysis showed that the significant differences occurred betweenthe early stage and IV, as well as between stage III and IV. The mean of NLR were 2.28±1.02 in the non metastatic and 3.36±1.5 in themetastatic they were statistically significant (p<0.001). Based on the study results can be concluded that the neutrophil/lymphocyteratio can be used to assess the progressivity of CM. Further studies with larger samples were needed for the determination of the cut offpoint of NLR.]]>
<![CDATA[LIPOPROTEIN(a) DAN KEBAHAYAAN SINDROM KORONER AKUT ]]>
<![CDATA[Ira Puspitawati]]>;
<![CDATA[Setyawati Setyawati]]>;
<![CDATA[Dyah Wulan Anggrahini]]>;
<![CDATA[Diah Saraswati]]>;
<![CDATA[Aisyah Ratna Yuniarti]]>
<![CDATA[ INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol 21, No 2 (2015) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory ]]>
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DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v21i2.1104
<![CDATA[One of the risk factors of Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) still controversial is Lipoprotein(a). Lp(a) is one of the lipid componentshighly homologous to plasminogen and which may compete with it in the fibrinolytic pathway and has an atherogenic effect. Prior to thestudy many variaties in results have been shown. These variations are related to different population and ethnics, thus, the researcherswere triggered to investigate the role of Lp(a) on the ACS in the Indonesian population. This case control study was conducted at theSardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia consisting of 40 participants in ACS as the case group and other 40 persons sufferingfrom Stable Angina Pectoris (SAP) as a control group. This study lasted from May−December 2011. The Lp(a) was measured usingturbidimetric immunoassay method while other laboratory results were obtained from the medical records. The results of this studyshowed that high Lp(a) level (more than 30 mg/dL) was the risk factor of ACS (RR=2.818, CI: 1.069–7.426). There was no difference ofthe baseline characteristics such as: the history of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, smoking, as well as in other laboratory parameters suchas: lipid profile, hemoglobine and uric acid level in the case as well as the control group. Significant differences were found in leucocytenumber, creatinine and blood glucose level. The median level of those parameters was found higher in the case group.]]>
<![CDATA[AGREGASI TROMBOSIT DAN MEAN PLATELET VOLUME DENGAN SINDROM METABOLIK TERKAIT KEGEMUKAN ]]>
<![CDATA[Nindia Sugih Arto]]>;
<![CDATA[Adi Koesoema Aman]]>;
<![CDATA[Dharma Lindarto]]>
<![CDATA[ INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol 21, No 2 (2015) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory ]]>
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DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v21i2.1095
<![CDATA[The hyperactivity of platelet had been seen in patients with metabolic syndrome which can be caused by several factors, such as:insulin resistance, obesity, dyslipidemia and hypertension. The hyperactivity of platelet leads to its aggregation that can be increased therisk of cardiovascular disease. This study is aimed to know the platelet aggregation and mean platelet volume in patients with metabolicsyndrome and obesity by determination 30 patients were choosen for this cross sectional study, those whom attended to the laboratoryand policlinic at H. Adam Malik Medan Hospital, between May 2013 until August 2013. The diagnosis used of metabolic syndromecriteria established by the International Diabetic Federation 2005. From the 30 patients with 15 metabolic syndrome and 15 obesity,four patients were excluded because of their tryglyceride were more than 200 mg/dL. There is no significant differences between theplatelet aggregation with the agonist adenosin difosfat (ADP) in patient with metabolic syndrome and obesity. And there is no significantdifferences of the mean platelet volume values between the metabolic syndrome (9.6±0.93) and the obesity group (9.73±0.74), with pvalue 0.846. Based on this study there is no significant differences between the platelet aggregation and the Mean Platelet Volume values(MPV) in the metabolic syndrome and the obese group]]>
<![CDATA[MALARIA KONGENITAL ]]>
<![CDATA[Sri Wahyunie S]]>;
<![CDATA[Nurhayana Sennang]]>;
<![CDATA[D. Daud]]>;
<![CDATA[Mansyur Arif]]>
<![CDATA[ INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol 21, No 2 (2015) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory ]]>
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DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v21i2.1109
<![CDATA[Congenital Malaria is an infectious disease caused by the malaria parasite that is transmitted from mother to child through theplacenta during pregnancy or at delivery. Clinical manifestations which may arise due to Plasmodium infection are: the irritability,fever, anaemia, jaundice and hepatosplenomegaly. The incidence of congenital malaria according to the National Basic Health Research2010 is only about 0.3%. Forty two days old male baby with the main complaints fever and pale since he was three (3) weeks old. Fromthe physical examination the reviewer found anaemia, jaundice and splenomegaly. Plasmodium vivax was detected by serologic andmicroscopic examination. From the pregnancy history of mother the reviewer found that at the age of seven (7) months of pregnancyshe suffered from malaria caused by Plasmodium vivax the same as the type of Plasmodium infected the baby. The baby was born innon malaria endemic area which enhanced the diagnosis of congenital malaria of this patient. The patient was fully recovered aftertreated with dehydroartemisin piperaquin and the reviewer reported one case of congenital malaria, forty twodays old male baby. Thediagnosis was made based on the malaria history of mother at seven (7) month of pregnancy, the serologic and microscopic examinationfrom the patient blood and the baby was born in a non malaria endemic area. The prognosis of patient with congenital malaria causedby Plasmodium vivax generally was good. The clinical condition was improved and fully recovered after treated with dehydro-artemisinpiperaquin.]]>
<![CDATA[BIAKAN METODE TETRAZOLIUM MICROPLATE ASSAY TERKAIT DAHAK PASIEN TERDUGA TUBERKULOSIS PARU ]]>
<![CDATA[Rita Rachmayanti]]>;
<![CDATA[Ida Parwati]]>;
<![CDATA[Tiene Rostini]]>;
<![CDATA[Sylvia Rachmayati]]>
<![CDATA[ INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol 21, No 2 (2015) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory ]]>
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DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v21i2.1088
<![CDATA[The definitive diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis is the discovery of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from sputum culture, but theconventional culture methods using Ogawa media require between 3−10 weeks detection time. Therefore it is needed a prompt diagnostictools to shorten the detection time. Tetrazolium microplate assay (TEMA) that used tetrazolium bromide as a growth indicator also usemitochondrial dehydrogenate enzymes in the mitochondria of living M. tuberculosis may reduce yellow tetrazolium bromide into purpleformazan crystals. The aim of this study was to know the validity and speed of time detection of M. tuberculosis growth by analyzingit. This study was carried out from November 2012 up to February 2013, which obtained 105 subjects conducted in the Departmentof Clinical Pathology at Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital with a cross sectional study design. The subjects consisting of sputum sample frompatients who suspected pulmonary TB which is examined for culture of M. tuberculosis with TEMA method using Ogawa media. Statisticalanalysis was used a 2×2 table to test the validity and Mann Whitney test for the differences in growth detection time. The validity testof TEMA method got the sensitivity of 90.4% and specificity of 96.2%. The detection time of M. tuberculosis growth in TEMA methodswas found fastest in the third day while from the Ogawa media cultur was found on the 13th day with the M. tuberculosis growth mediausing TEMA methods detected in 12 days. While for those cultured on Ogawa’s media the mean duration is 22 days (p<0.001). Basedon this study, can be concluded the examination of M. tuberculosis culture from sputum patient suffer of pulmonary TB with with TEMAmethod has given high validity and faster in the time detection for the diagnosis of pulmonary TB.]]>
<![CDATA[ADRENOMEDULIN DI KARSINOMA PAYUDARA DENGAN METASTASIS ]]>
<![CDATA[Stefanus Lembar]]>
<![CDATA[ INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol 21, No 2 (2015) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory ]]>
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DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v21i2.1106
<![CDATA[Metastasis is the leading cause of mortality in patients with breast cancer. The molecular biology behind the metastasis is verycomplex and may require changes in the regulation of the cell cycle, protein that promotes autocrine growth loop, and the protein thatcauses epithelial to mesenchymal transition. More complex, it is clear that the biology of metastasis is partly governed by the non-tumourcells, including fibroblasts, endothelial cells and myoepithelial cells. Adrenomedullin is an autocrine growth factor produced by the renalcarcinoma cells. However, previous studies indicated that adrenomedullin can be secreted in various carcinoma tissue and carcinoma cells.Adrenomedullin may mediate immunosuppression, antiapoptosis, angiogenesis and proliferation, thus it is an important tumour cellsurvival factor underlying human carcinoma genesis. The role of adrenomedullin in the carcinoma genesis, invasion and metastasis hasbeen greatly focused. The aim of this study was to determine the concentration of adrenomedullin in patients with metastatic breast cancer.A total of 64 patients with breast cancer aged 21–90 years (63 women and 1 man) in Jakarta has been participated in this study aftersigning informed consent. Metastasis was confirmed by examination of bone scanning. Concentrations of adrenomedullin were measuredby EnzymeLinked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) using a commercial kit. Based on examination of bone scanning, there were 24 (37.5%)subjects with metastasis and 40 (62.5%) nonmetastasis. Mean of the concentrations of adrenomedullin in the subjects with metastasiswas 252.5 (205.0–299.9) pg/mL, while in the nonmetastasis was 203.1 (178.7–227.5) pg/mL. The concentrations of adrenomedullinwere significantly higher in subjects with metastasis than nonmetastasis (p=0.041). High concentration of adrenomedullin in the subjectswith metastasis suggests that adrenomedullin may be more likely to be involved in metastasis.]]>
