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Journal of Islamic Law
Published by Institut Agama Islam Negeri Pontianak
ISSN : 27215032     EISSN : 27215040     DOI : 10.24260
Core Subject : Religion, Economy, Humanities, Social,
Religion Humanities Economics, Econometrics & Finance Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences
JIL: Journal of Islamic Law emphasizes specifications in the discourse of Islamic Law and Social Institutions, communicates actual and contemporary research and problems concerning Islamic studies. This journal openly accepts the contributions of experts from related disciplines. All published articles do not necessarily represent the views of journals, or other institutions that have links to journal publications. The journal focuses on Islamic law studies, such as Islamic family law, Islamic economic law, Islamic criminal law, Islamic political law, Islamic astronomy (falak studies), with various approaches of normative, philosophy, history, sociology, anthropology, theology, psychology, economics and is intended to communicate the original researches and current issues on the subject. This journal warmly welcomes any contributions from scholars of the related disciplines.
Arjuna Subject : Umum - Umum
Articles 57 Documents
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Dynamics of Marriage Age Limits in Indonesia: A Study of Psychology and Islamic Law Yusuf Yusuf
Journal of Islamic Law Vol 1 No 2 (2020): Journal of Islamic Law
Publisher : Institut Agama Islam Negeri (IAIN) Pontianak

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (620.892 KB) | DOI: 10.24260/jil.v1i2.59

Abstract

Article 7 of Law No. 1 of 1974 established that the minimum age of marriage for men is 19 years old and women 16 years old. The regulation was amended through Law No. 16 of 2019 which sets the minimum threshold for marriage for men and women to be married is a minimum age of 19 years. Changes to the minimum marital boundaries are of course intended that the age of marriage becomes an inward part with the goal of marriage, animating the basis of marriage and it is hoped that in the future it will be able to minimize conflicts in the household. Unfortunately, the marriage age limit still causes dynamics. By using library research, there are three results of this study. First, Islamic law does not specify a minimum age for a bride and groom who will carry out the marriage. The foqoha’ differ in opinion in determining the age of maturity of a person in carrying out marriage but has the same goal, namely to establish goals rather than Islamic law. Second, psychologists think that the age of adulthood (adolescent) is right in carrying out marriage, that is someone who is 21 years old and so on. Third, the consequences of premature marriages will arise legal problems, biological problems, psychological problems, social problems, and problems of deviant sexual behavior.
Criticism of Feminist Thought on the Rights and Obligations of Husband and Wife from the Perspective of Islamic Family Law Agus Hermanto; Habib Ismail
Journal of Islamic Law Vol 1 No 2 (2020): Journal of Islamic Law
Publisher : Institut Agama Islam Negeri (IAIN) Pontianak

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (516.072 KB) | DOI: 10.24260/jil.v1i2.61

Abstract

In the Islamic concept that the husband is the head of the household and the wife is the housewife, but the development of the wife is looking for income in public spaces. What is interesting to study is, is it possible for the wife to become a partner in the household? With the aim, to get scientific insights about the rights and obligations of husband and wife that are relevant to the current context. This study is a library study that has qualitative research types. For criticizing the feminist concepts about the rights and obligations of husband and wife, I used Maslahah theory with philosophical-sociological approach. Feminists interpret the rights and obligations of husband and wife in the household, arguing that contextually the wives are no longer in charge of being housewives, but rather help to make a living in the public sphere, for the sake of justice, equality, democracy and doing good. Things this is not an absolute thing, but an offer and casuistic that should not be provoked because the concept of Islam has brought benefit if applied properly.
Fiqh Conception of the Jamā’ah Tablīgh’s Da'wah during the Covid-19 Pandemic: A Study of the Da'wah Movement of the Jamā’ah Tablīgh in Gorontalo Ahmad Zaenuri
Journal of Islamic Law Vol 1 No 2 (2020): Journal of Islamic Law
Publisher : Institut Agama Islam Negeri (IAIN) Pontianak

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (989.768 KB) | DOI: 10.24260/jil.v1i2.68

Abstract

This study aims to uncover the conception of jurisprudence used by the Tablighi Jama’at understanding the activities of da’wah and worship during the 2019 Coronavirus Disease pandemic. This is considered important because 68% of the positive case of the coronavirus in Gorontalo has close links with the activities of the Tablighi Jama’at during the pandemic season. This type of research uses qualitative research with the main approach in terms of phenomenology. Through a phenomenological approach, there are two main things that researchers will do. First, textual description, which is observing and analyzing factual data and events that occur empirically. Second, structural description. At this stage, the researcher interprets the opinions, judgments, feelings, and other subjective responses of the research subjects. As for the data that are argumentative, religion is reviewed with the fiqh and ushul fiqh approaches. The results of this study indicate that the conception of the Jamā’ah Tablīgh dakwah carried out during the pandemic was purely Ijtihādi several figures (amīr) based on the literal use of the Qur’an and Sunnah without much considering the aspects of mashlahah and social mudharat. If it is analyzed based on the method of determining the fiqh law in qiyās and sādd al-dzarī’ah implementing Ijtimā Da’wah Jamā’ah Tablīgh among a pandemic is not in line with the principles of the syarī’ah (maqāshid al-syarī’ah) that is to protect the human soul (hifdzu al-Nafs) and not in line with the prevailing conception of jurisprudence.
‘Iddah and Ihdād for Career Women from Islamic Law Perspective Ahmad Khoiri; Asyharul Muala
Journal of Islamic Law Vol 1 No 2 (2020): Journal of Islamic Law
Publisher : Institut Agama Islam Negeri (IAIN) Pontianak

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (644.745 KB) | DOI: 10.24260/jil.v1i2.71

Abstract

Islam enforces the iddah period for women who are being divorced by their husbands or their husbands have died. During this waiting period, women are limited in making up or grooming themselves and leaving the house (ihdad). The provision regarding the iddah period becomes problematic when faced with women who have to work to meet the needs of themselves and their families. This paper aims to explain the law for women who continue to carry out their daily lives by working outside the home from an Islamic perspective. The type of research that the author uses in this paper is a literature study. The author concludes that women working during the iddah period do not violate the provisions of the iddah period and continue to carry out the iddah period, even though the woman leaves the house to earn a living and the conditions vary. The prohibition for women during the iddah period is that it is haram to marry another man, it is forbidden to leave the house unless there is an emergency reason and it is obligatory to perform ihdad. Regarding professionalism in work, especially career women in their respective fields, it must be used as a form of carrying out Islamic law and carrying out their nature as a social human being. By considering moral ethics, iddah has protection in modern development, especially for women who are active in their respective fields.
Dinamika Usia Dewasa dan Relevansinya terhadap Batas Usia Perkawinan di Indonesia: Perspektif Yuridis-Normatif Asman Asman
Journal of Islamic Law Vol 2 No 1 (2021): Journal of Islamic Law
Publisher : Institut Agama Islam Negeri (IAIN) Pontianak

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24260/jil.v2i1.66

Abstract

Penetapan usia nikah merupakan hal yang kontroversi dalam perkawinan di mana untuk menentukan usia dewasa sangatlah beragam, baik dari perspektif hukum nasional dan perspektif hukum Islam. Ketentuan usia wanita dan pria mendapatkan tanggapan beragam dari pakar hukum dan menjadi pro dan kontra dalam perkawinan. Hal itu dikarenakan batasan usia perkawinan dalam Islam sangatlah berbeda-beda, sedangkan dalam aturan di Indonesia menetapkan 19 tahun untuk laki-laki dan wanita. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji dinamika usia dewasa dan relevansinya terhadap batas usia pernikahan di Indonesia. Metode penelitian ini mengambil jenis penelitian kepustakaan dengan pendekatan normatif-yuridis. Dalam tulisan ini, peneliti mencari sumber hukum Islam maupun hukum Nasional berdasarkan kepustakaan dari literatur buku, undang-undang dan referensi yang mendukung argumentasi penulis. Ada tiga hasil dalam artikel ini. Pertama, penting untuk merealisasikan kesamaan usia perkawinan pada undang-undang perkawinan berdasarkan prinsip kesetaraan. Kedua, terdapat perbedaan dalam menentukan usia dewasa dalam beberapa peraturan perundang-undangan di Indonesia, termasuk dalam Undang-Undang Perkawinan, yang menyebabkan adanya dinamika dalam implementasi batas usia perkawinan. Ketiga, ketentuan usia nikah 19 bagi pria dan wanita harus diterapkan dengan baik dan Kantor Urusan Agama tidak melayani perkawinan yang para calon pasangannya di bawah usia 19 tahun. Ketiga gagasan ini sesuai dengan prinsip-prinsip kemaslahatan yang menjadi rujukan peraturan dalam dunia Islam (maqāshid al-syarī’ah).
Interelasi Akal dan Wahyu: Analisis Pemikiran Ulama Mutakallimin dalam Pembentukan Hukum Islam Kawakib Kawakib; Hafidz Syuhud
Journal of Islamic Law Vol 2 No 1 (2021): Journal of Islamic Law
Publisher : Institut Agama Islam Negeri (IAIN) Pontianak

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24260/jil.v2i1.127

Abstract

Tujuan tulisan ini ingin mengungkap dan menganalisis pemikiran ulama Mutakallimin terhadap interlasi akal dan wahyu dalam pembentukan hukum Islam yang selama ini menjadi perdebatan. Perdebatan tersebut disebabkan beberapa faktor di antaranya pemahaman terhadap teks Alqur’an maupun Sunnah, tempat tinggal, sosial, dan budaya. Dalam artikel ini, penulis menemukan bahwa ulama Mutakallimin sepakat untuk menjawab persolan hukum Islam tidak lepas dari sumber pertama, yaitu Alqur’an dan Sunnah. Apabila dalam Alqur’an dan Sunnah tidak ditemukan, maka ulama Mutakalimin sepakat menggunakan ijtihad dan qiyas. Ijtihad dan qiyas adalah hasil nalar akal para mujtahid terhadap wahyu Allah SWT yang maknanya masih belum jelas, global dan umum guna mengungkap maksud dan tujuan wahyu Allah terhadap persoalan kehidupan manusian sehari-hari. Dengan demikian, para ulama Mutakalimin memposisikan akal manusia dalam pembentukan hukum Islam sebagai mediasi dari dalil ‘aqliyah guna menjawab persoalan manusia sehari-hari baik dalam ibadah, zakat, muamalah, ekonomi, dan politik. Selain itu, ulama Mutakallimin memiliki konsep metodologi hukum Islam yang berbeda, akan tetapi sumber utama dalam pembentukan hukum Islam yang disepakati bersama adalah Alqur’an, Sunnah, ijma’, dan qiyas. Ijma’ dan qiyas di sini memiliki peran penting dalam insting akal terhadap wahyu, sehingga mampu mejadi jembatan pembentukan hukum untuk menjawab persoalan manusia seiring dengan tempat dan zamannya.
Problematika Implementasi Akad Mudhārabah pada Perbankan Syariah di Indonesia Moh. Rasyid
Journal of Islamic Law Vol 2 No 1 (2021): Journal of Islamic Law
Publisher : Institut Agama Islam Negeri (IAIN) Pontianak

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24260/jil.v2i1.135

Abstract

Tulisan ini mengulas implementasi akad mudhārabah pada perbankan syariah di Indonesia yang secara spesifik lebih ditekankan pada aspek syariah, fikih, dan fatwa DSN-MUI sebagai titik berangkatnya. Urgensitas tulisan ini berada pada posisinya yang bukan saja sebagai kritik-konstruktif terhadap lembaga keuangan yang mengemban misi relegius, akan tetapi juga sebagai sarana diskusi bagi para pelajar, akademisi, dan praktisi perbankan agar oprasional perbankan syariah tetap berada pada rel syariat Islam. Ini dikarenakan masih banyaknya temuan di lapangan tentang ketidaksesuaian operasional perbankan syariah dengan ketentuan fikih dan fatwa DSN-MUI tentang mudhārabah. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan yuridis-normatif. Hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan sekurang-kurangnya dua hal. Pertama, rumusan mudhārabah sudah mengalami evolusi dari konsep direct financing menjadi indirect financing. Kedua, secara praksis ketentuan syariah, fikih, dan fatwa DSN-MUI tentang mudhārabah tidak sepenuhnya diterapkan sebagaimana mestinya di sebagian perbankan atau lembaga keuangan syariah di Indonesia. Ketentuan tentang jaminan dan pembebanan ganti rugi modal dalam akad mudhārabah merupakan dua hal yang paling rentan menimbulkan adanya gap antara das sein dengan das sollen di perbankan syariah.
Isolasi Mandiri dalam Islam: Kritik Metodologis Fatwa LBM PWNU Jawa Tengah tentang Anjuran Isolasi saat Wabah Nazar Nurdin; Fenny Bintarawati; Ulfatun Nihayah
Journal of Islamic Law Vol 2 No 1 (2021): Journal of Islamic Law
Publisher : Institut Agama Islam Negeri (IAIN) Pontianak

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24260/jil.v2i1.145

Abstract

Artikel ini bermaksud mengkaji anjuran isolasi mandiri yang terinfeksi wabah dalam kerangka hukum Islam. Studi akan fokus pada fatwa kebolehan isolasi yang diterbitkan LBM PWNU Jawa Tengah. Isolasi merupakan salah satu cara efektif mencegah penularan wabah, mengurangi angka infeksi. Isolasi mengharuskan orang tetap tinggal di rumah, tidak bekerja atau bepergian ke tempat umum. Meski terjadi pelanggaran isolasi, nyatanya kebijakan isolasi cukup menekan angka infeksi di suatu wilayah. Islam membolehkan isolasi untuk melindungi jiwa manusia, karena bagian dari tujuan syariat Islam. Tulisan ini merupakan riset kualitatif, ditulis dengan pendekatan normatif. Data penelitian bersumber dari bahan pustaka. Sumber data primer adalah fatwa LBM PWNU Jawa Tengah tentang anjuran isolasi mandiri, sementara data sekunder bersumber dari buku, jurnal atau publikasi ilmiah lain yang terkait topik penelitian. Setelah data terkumpul, kemudian dilakukan analisis dengan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Studi ini menemukan bahwa pendapat hukum Islam tentang kebolehan isolasi dapat direkomendasikan sebagai upaya pengendalian penyakit menular. Namun hasil rumusan tersebut tidak cukup kuat secara metodologis, karena dicukupkan mengikuti pendapat fukaha dalam kitab-kitab terstandar. Agar pendapat hukum lebih kuat secara metodologis, diperlukan upaya yang lebih dalam pencarian pendapat hukum untuk menangkap maksud pesan tersebut sesuai dengan perkembangan zaman.
Memetakan Skala Prioritas Kebijakan Penanganan Pandemi Covid-19 Perspektif Maqāṣid al-Syarī’ah: Analisis terhadap Peraturan Perundang-Undangan di Indonesia Masykur Rozi
Journal of Islamic Law Vol 2 No 1 (2021): Journal of Islamic Law
Publisher : Institut Agama Islam Negeri (IAIN) Pontianak

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24260/jil.v2i1.155

Abstract

The handling of the Covid-19 pandemic in Indonesia still has not shown significant results. It can be seen that the data shows that throughout almost a year of the pandemic has not been a decline in positive confirmed numbers. Many policies have been enacted as the basis for such handling. This article examines the priority scale and repositioning its priority in light of the maqāṣid asy-sayarī’ah perspective. The author uses ḍarūriyyāt khamsah as a method of mapping priorities through its conceptual framework. As for the operational function, the author borrows William N. Dunn’s theory of public policy arguments. The genre used is analysis for policy, wrapped in a qualitative approach using documentative data on the policy material manifested in Perppu Number 1 the Year 2020. This theoretical convergence makes ḍarūriyyāt khamsah an information base in finding and interpreting data, qualifications in objection, warrant, rebuttal, and backing. After seeing the priority, it will be used as a policy claim. After applying it to the policy, it can be concluded that the policy divides the pandemic dimension into two, namely health and its effects. Meanwhile, in the effort to handle them, both are not responded with proportional values. The government has prioritized managing its effects over health un from the perspective of ḍarūriyyāt khamsah, and health care should be given top priority because Covid-19 threatens lives directly. In contrast, the threat of pandemic effects threatens indirectly. The health agent is wasīlah ḍarūriyyah, while wasīlah handling pandemic effects is ḥājiyyah. This situation can change depending on the conditions in the field.
Kuantifikasi Objek Jual-Beli dalam Transaksi Borongan di Kota Metro: Perspektif Hukum Islam Ismail Wahyudi; Muhamad Nasrudin; Sainul Sainul
Journal of Islamic Law Vol 2 No 1 (2021): Journal of Islamic Law
Publisher : Institut Agama Islam Negeri (IAIN) Pontianak

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24260/jil.v2i1.165

Abstract

Artikel ini membahas permasalahan praktik jual-beli gula merah di Kota Metro yang dalam praktiknya terdapat beberapa hal menarik untuk dikaji berkaitan dengan hukum Islam. Pertama, penimbangan gula merah bersama dengan peti kayu yang memiliki bobot berbeda-beda. Kedua, penimbangan gula merah menggunakan sampel atau contoh. Paper ini fokus membahas bagaimana tinjauan hukum Islam terhadap praktik penimbangan gula merah di Kota Metro. Fenomena tersebut dikaji menggunakan penelitian kualitatif dan pendekatan studi kasus. Data diperoleh dengan menggunakan teknik observasi lapangan, wawancara ke pada para pedagang sebagai narasumber yang kemudian dianalisis melalui tiga tahap, yakni reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa praktik jual-beli gula merah borongan di Pasar Kota Metro memenuhi rukun dan syarat jual-beli dalam hukum Islam. Kuantifikasi objek jual-beli dalam kemasan di Pasar Metro berdasarkan Hukum Ekonomi Syariah (HESy) yang mengacu pada konsep ‘urf (kebiasaan adat). Praktik ini masuk dalam ‘urf hasan, karena dilandaskan pada faktor kemudahan, kepercayaan dan kesukarelaan antara penjual dan pembeli. Dengan demikian, hukum praktik penimbangan gula merah di Kota Metro adalah sah (shahih).

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