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HAYATI Journal of Biosciences

hayati
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Published by Institut Pertanian Bogor

ISSN : 19783019 EISSN : 20864094 DOI : -

Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Earth & Planetary Sciences

HAYATI Journal of Biosciences (HAYATI J Biosci) publishes articles and short communication in tropical bioscience fields such as development, biotechnology, biodiversity and environmental issues. HAYATI J Biosci covers wide range of all life forms topics including virus, microbes, fungi, plants, animal and human. HAYATI J Biosci has been also indexed/registered in Crossref, DOAJ, CABI, EBSCO, Agricola and ProQuest.

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Articles 8 Documents

Search results for , issue "Vol. 19 No. 2 (2012): June 2012" : 8 Documents clear

Increasing of Plasma Cholecystokinin Level and Jejunum Histological Changes After Treatment with Soybean Extracts Protein MEILINAH HIDAYAT; JEANNY ERVIE LADI
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 19 No. 2 (2012): June 2012
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

It is well known that soybean has beneficial health effects. There are lot of active compounds in soybean, like protein and anti nutrition factors (ANF). Trypsin inhibitor and lectin, two kinds of ANF have an adverse effect on the morphology and function of digestive tract in animals. b-conglycinin in soybean protein, has been proven has reducing body weight effect through increasing cholecystokinin (CCK) level. The aim of this study was to measure plasma CCK level and the histological changes of jejunum in Wistar rats after treatment with protein extract of Willis raw soybean (PEWS), protein extract of Detam 1 raw soybean (PEDS) and protein extract of Detam 1 tempeh (PEDT) for 14 days. This study was also to ascertain whether b-conglycinin and ANF contribute to reducing body weight by giving PEWS, PEDS, and PEDT to 4 groups of 6 rats for 14 days. We observed food intake, body weight, CCK level, and histological profile of jejunum. As a conclusion, PEWS, PEDS, and PEDT treatment to Wistar Rats for 14 days caused increasing CCK plasma level and jejunum villi atrophy. The reducing body weight is caused not only by b-conglycinin but probably by ANF as well.

Isolation and Characterization of Chelonia mydas Myoglobin MOHAMAD SADIKIN; RINI PUSPITANINGRUM; SEPTELIA INAWATI WANANDI; RONDANG ROEMIATI SOEGIANTO
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 19 No. 2 (2012): June 2012
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Green sea turtle – Chelonia mydas is a lung respiration animal that is able to dive and stay uder sea water for hours without needing to surface for oxygen. As oxygen supply in muscles is assured by myoglobin, we propose to study some characteristic of this muscle protein in green sea turtles. To achieve this objective, pure green sea turtle myoglobin has to be made available. Therefore, our first task is to purify this muscle protein from green sea turtles. Skeletal muscles from 3 green sea turtle hatchlings were studied microscopically and biochemically. Microscopy observation showed a general structure of striated muscle. Biochemical studies revealed that green sea turtle myoglobin could be more purely isolated to a certain degree by Sephadex G-75 gel filtration and purified by immunoaffinity gel chromatography rather than direct purification by DEAE-Sepharose ion exchange chromatography technique. SDS-PAGE analysis showed that green sea turtle myoglobin ran together with horse myoglobin as 17 kDa molecular weight proteins

Molecular Phylogeny of Indonesian Armyworm Mythimna Guenée (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae: Hadeninae) Based on CO I Gene Sequences HARI SUTRISNO
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 19 No. 2 (2012): June 2012
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Armyworm Mythimna Guenée is one of the most important pests on graminaceous crops and pastures in South East Asia (i.e. M. separata Walker is well known to cause serious damages on rice in Indonesia). Like of most other genera of moths, the systematic of this genus is still in dispute, especially on the taxonomy and classification within this genus due to their morphological characters that are very difficult to distinguish from one to others. Molecular approaches such as using CO I gene sequence to differentiate among species has been recommended since this gene has ability to reveal the character identity at the specific level. In order to populate the genetic characters of Indonesian Mythimna, to clarify the clasification within the genus Mythimna and to reveal the phylogenetic relationship among them, we analyzed 14 species of Mythimna and two species outgroups (Spodoptera litura dan S. exigua) based on nucleotide sequence variation across a 649 bp region in the CO I gene. Over entire 649 bp region 72% of the nucleotide positions were constant, 10.6% were uninformtive (i.e. any variants were found in a single sequence) and 16.9% were parsimony informative. The informative site constituted in the 3rd codon position was the highest, whereas in 2nd codon position was the lowest. The results also showed that the base composition of this region was low A + T biased. The results showed that the monophyly of Mytimna was supported by 95% bootstrap test at any tree building methods. The three subgenera based on morphology were recovered but M. (Mythimna) shown to be a paraphyletic group in term of M. (Hyphilare), and M. (Pseudalteia); M. (Mythimna) was branched off first then followed by M. (Pseudaletia) and M. (Hyphilare). However, all internal nodes were least support except for the monophyly of subgenus M. (Hyphilare). It indicates that the relationships among internal nodes proposed here were least valid due to the number of species included in the analysis which may not be enough to represent the real number of species in the nature. More investigation was needed by including more species and other genes.

Evaluation of Biofloc Technology Application on Water Quality and Production Performance of Red Tilapia Oreochromis sp. Cultured at Different Stocking Densities . WIDANARNI; JULIE EKASARI; SITI MARYAM
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 19 No. 2 (2012): June 2012
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

This study evaluated the effect of biofloc technology (BFT) application on water quality and production performance of red tilapia Oreochromis sp. at different stocking densities. Three different fish densities were applied, i.e. 25, 50, and 100 fish/m3, and for each density there were Control (without external carbon input) and BFT treatments. Mixed sex red tilapia with an initial average body weight 77.89 + 3.71 g was cultured in 3 m3 concrete tanks for 14 weeks. Molasses was added on BFT treatments as the organic carbon source at a C/N ratio of 15. Control treatments of each density tested showed more fluctuated water quality parameters throughout the experimental period. The highest TAN and nitrite-nitrogen were observed in control treatment at a stocking density of 100 fish/m3 (3.97 mg TAN/L and 9.29 mg NO2-N/L, respectively). The highest total yield was observed in control treatment at the highest density treatment (43.50 kg), whereas the highest survival was obtained by BFT treatment at a density of 25 fish/m3 (97.78 + 0.77%). Total feed used in BFT was lower than that of control treatments in particular at 50 fish/m3 density (P < 0.05) suggesting that biofloc could be continuously harvested by the fish as other source of food.

Molecular Regulation of Noradrenaline in Bovine Corpus Luteum ANOM BOWOLAKSONO
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 19 No. 2 (2012): June 2012
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Noradrenergic stimulation increases progesterone, oxytocin and prostaglandins in the bovine luteal tissue. Better understanding of noradrenaline (NA) role in bovine the corpus luteum (CL) can advance our current knowledge on the regulatory mechanism of CL function. The present study was conducted to explore the source of noradrenaline and further to investigate whether nerve growth factor (NGF), insulin like growth factor 1 (IGF1) and transforming growth factor b1 (TGFb1) influence the expression of dopamine-b-hydroxylase (DBH), biosynthetic enzyme of NA in cultured bovine luteal cells. Corpora lutea were collected and classified into stages of early, developing, mid, late, and regressed. Messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein expression of DBH were studied throughout the estrous cycle. Additionally, DBH protein expression was examined in cultured mid luteal cells after tumour necrosis factor alpha/interferon gamma (TNFa/IFNg)-induced apoptosis or after treatment with NGF, IGF1, and TGFb1. DBH mRNA and protein expressions were detected throughout the cycle without significant changes in the protein level while mRNA showed a decrease at the developing stage (P < 0.05). Interestingly, NGF, IGF1, and TGFb1 increased DBH expression in cultured luteal cells (P < 0.05). The overall findings suggest non-neural source of noradrenaline in the bovine CL which appears to be regulated by NGF, IGF1, and TGFb1 indicating intraluteal molecules play an important and unrecognized role in the CL function.

Effect of Carbohydrate Source on Growth and Performance of In Vitro Sago Palm (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.) Plantlets . SUMARYONO; WIRDHATUL MUSLIHATIN; DIAH RATNADEWI
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 19 No. 2 (2012): June 2012
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Sago palm (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.), grown mostly in the tropics, is one of the most productive carbohydrate-producing crops. However, it is still underutilized. Tissue culture of sago through somatic embryogenesis has been developed. The plantlets derived from somatic embryos, however, are usually weak with few leaves and roots and have low survival rates during acclimatization. Carbohydrate is commonly added into culture medium as an energy source and an osmotic agent. Research was conducted to determine a suitable carbohydrate for plantlets growth in order to produce vigorous plantlets of sago. The basal medium used was a modified MS medium with a half-strength of salts. Different types of carbohydrate (sucrose, maltose, glucose, and fructose) at various concentrations (30, 45, and 60 g/l) were added into the medium. A single 2 cm plantlet derived from somatic embryo was cultured on a culture tube. Each treatment consisted of 15 plantlets. The cultures were incubated in a culture room with light intensity at 20 mmol/m2/s and temperature at 26 oC. The results show that different types and concentrations of carbohydrate influenced the growth of sago plantlets significantly, but there was no interaction between the two factors. Sucrose was better than other types of carbohydrate, and the concentration of 30 g/l was better than concentrations of 45 or 60 g/l for the growth and vigor of sago plantlets. Medium with a sucrose level at 30 g/l gave the best performance of sago plantlets based on plantlet height, leaf number, biomass fresh weight, stem diameter, and rooting percentage.

Comparison of DNA Extraction Methods for Microbial Community Analysis in Indonesian Tempe Employing Amplified Ribosomal Intergenic Spacer Analysis CECILIA ANNA SEUMAHU; ANTONIUS SUWANTO; IMAN RUSMANA; DEDY DURYADI SOLIHIN
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 19 No. 2 (2012): June 2012
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Tempe fermentation involved complex microbial communities which are only revealed partially through culture dependent methods. Culture-independent methods would be potential to unravel this complex microbial fermentation. Appropriate DNA extraction is an essential tool to obtain reliable data from culture independent method. In this study, we employed two commercial DNA extraction methods to find the best one for microbial community characterization employing amplified ribosomal intergenic spacer analysis (ARISA). Our result showed that PowerFood Microbial DNA Isolation Kit-MOBIO (PFMDIK) is an excellent method for microbial DNA extraction from tempe. It gave high quantity and quality of DNA suitable for PCR amplification of 16S-23S rRNA intergenic spacer to yield a diverse and reproducible ARISA profile.

The Impact of Storage Times of Museum Insect Specimens on PCR Success: Case Study on Moth Collections in Indonesia HARI SUTRISNO
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 19 No. 2 (2012): June 2012
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Museum specimens are vast repositories of genetic information of interests to biological researchers. Since a new method in DNA extraction, a non destructive method, has been reported to be successful in extracting DNA of museum specimens even fossils without any morphological damages, using museum specimens as resources of genetic information for molecular studies is becoming popular recently. However, the PCR success depends on the quality of the specimens. To evaluate the impact of the storage times of museum specimens on PCR success, we conducted DNA extraction of 14 dry museum specimens of the moths collected from 1992 to 2010 by using a non destructive method. The results showed that the DNA specimens museum were fragmented into various sizes (100-1000 bp) depend on the storage times. On the other hand, fresh specimens which were preserved within absolute ethanol were almost not fragmented. The specimens of < 6 years old (2005-2010) succeed to amplify in 650 bp amplicon but for some specimens of 7 years old (2 of 3 specimens) resulted in a very weak amplification. These specimens, however, were able to amplify strongly in 300 bp amplicon. The results also showed that specimens of 1-19 years old were success to amplify in 100 bp amplicon.

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