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HAYATI Journal of Biosciences

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Published by Institut Pertanian Bogor

ISSN : 19783019 EISSN : 20864094 DOI : -

Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Earth & Planetary Sciences

HAYATI Journal of Biosciences (HAYATI J Biosci) publishes articles and short communication in tropical bioscience fields such as development, biotechnology, biodiversity and environmental issues. HAYATI J Biosci covers wide range of all life forms topics including virus, microbes, fungi, plants, animal and human. HAYATI J Biosci has been also indexed/registered in Crossref, DOAJ, CABI, EBSCO, Agricola and ProQuest.

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Articles 8 Documents

Search results for , issue "Vol. 22 No. 1 (2015): January 2015" : 8 Documents clear

Face Shape Variation Among Sundanese People from Western Java, Indonesia WOLLY CANDRAMILA; SONY HERU SUMARSONO; BAMBANG SURYOBROTO; MAELITA RAMDANI MOEIS
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 22 No. 1 (2015): January 2015
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

The face is an important visual stimulus in daily life and each face identifies a particular person. The bone structure of the skull along with various soft tissues and coloration influence perception of the face. Facial averageness, and bilateral symmetry are the two most commonly used criterion of facial attractiveness, yet, both may be perceived differently based on hormonal status of the person observed. Facial perceptions may also differ according to cultural norms. In this research, we examined variations in face-shape among Sundanese male and female adults aged 18 to 40. We applied geometric-morphometric methods to analyze the landmark-based morphological variations in the frontal and lateral views of subjects’ faces. We identified five types of female frontal face views and four of male. We also identified five types each of female and male lateral face views. The trichion, gonion and gnathion were three most variable landmarks among the face views in our study, and highly determined the shape of the individuals’ faces. Multiple face type variation may refer to many categories of attractive faces since there is no exactly perfect category in the assessment of facial attractiveness by the viewers. Therefore, we believe that the configuration of facial features cannot constitute the sole visual criterion of facial attractiveness.

DNA Barcoding of Sangihe Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans) using matK Gene TRINA EKAWATI TALLEI; BEIVY JONATHAN KOLONDAM
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 22 No. 1 (2015): January 2015
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Nutmeg (family: Myristicaceae) is a plant that originated from Banda islands and is widely cultivated in several places in the world. Secondary metabolites of this plant have a high value because of their benefits for the health, food, and beauty industries. This study aims at developing DNA barcode for nutmeg (Myristica fragrans) using standard recommended fragment of matK (maturase K) gene. Universal matK primer pairs were used to amplify 889 bp DNA fragment. BLAST search from NCBI site showed that Sangihe nutmeg has 100% identity with Myristica fatua, M. maingayi, and M. globosa. It also has 3 nucleotides difference with Rivola sebifera (identity 99.58%) and 4 nucleotides difference with Knema laurina (identity 99.43%). It can be inferred from this study that single locus of matK gene cannot be used to differentiate species in Myristica; it can only be used to differentiate the genus level within family Myristicaceae.

Characterization of Bacteriophage Specific to Bacillus pumilus from Ciapus River in Bogor, West Java, Indonesia ANIK KUSMIATUN; IMAN RUSMANA; SRI BUDIARTI
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 22 No. 1 (2015): January 2015
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Bacillus pumilus is a spore-forming bacteria that is rod-shaped, gram positive, and aerobic. B. pumilus produced pumilacidins, known to have toxic effects on epithelial cells. Antibiotics were usually used to treat the disease caused by bacteria. Antibiotic typing test of B. pumilus indigenous from sewage water showed that this isolate was resistant to ampicillin and clindamycin. An alternative way was by application of bacteriophages as biocontrol agents to reduce B. pumilus in environment. The aim of this study were to isolate and characterize B. pumilus bacteriophage isolated from Ciapus River in Bogor, West Java. Bacteriophages infecting B. pumilus were isolated from river water using the double agar overlay method. Phages were defined by plaque morphology, structure, host range, and characteristic of molecular weight protein phage. Phage FBa1, FBa2, and FBa3 had narrow host range and they were specific for infecting B. pumilus. Electron microscope observation showed that phage FBa1 had icosahedral head without tail (166.67 nm in diameter), so it is called phage-like particles. Characterization of phage FBa1 by SDS-PAGE showed five proteins band. Molecular weight of FBa1 proteins was 70.9, 54.9, 33.8, 28.3, and 21.4 kDa.

Characterization of Xylanase activity produced by Paenibacillus sp. XJ18 from TNBD Jambi, Indonesia . KURRATAA’YUN; . YOPI; ANJA MERYANDINI
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 22 No. 1 (2015): January 2015
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Lignocellulose waste in nature is increasing due to the increasing activity of agroforestry. Up to 40% of lignocellulose biomass are consisted of xylan. Xylan complete breakdown requires the action of xylanase. Xylanase has been used to breakdown xylan into commercial product such as low calories sugar, prebiotic, and biofuel. Due to its wide application, several variation of xylanase characterization are needed. Our previous studies have collected Paenibacillus sp. XJ18 from TNBD forest, Jambi, Indonesia, to gain a unique enzyme characteristic. In this study the characteristic of crude xylanase from Paenibacillus sp. XJ18 was investigated. The highest activity of xylanase production was at 36 h. The xylanase showed activity in a broad range of pH (4.5-9.0). The highest activity showed at pH 5.0, 90 oC. Crude enzyme extract was unstable and had halftime at its pH and optimum temperature about 67 min. The xylanase activity was increased about 4.59 times after being concentrated by 70% acetone (2.4578 U/mL). Based on TLC result, xylanase from Paenibacillus sp. XJ18 was predicted to produce xylobiose exclusively from extracted corncob xylan.

Growth Response and Feed Utilization of Giant Gourami (Osphronemus goramy) Juvenile Feeding Different Protein Levels of the Diets Supplemented with Recombinant Growth Hormone DARMAWAN SETIA BUDI; . ALIMUDDIN; MUHAMMAD AGUS SUPRAYUDI
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 22 No. 1 (2015): January 2015
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of dietary supplementation with recombinant growth hormone (rGH) on the growth and dietary utility of juvenile giant gourami. The rGH was mixed with chicken egg yolk and sprayed on to artificial feed with different protein levels (34, 28, and 21%; isoenergy). Each treatment group of gourami was paired with a control group that received feed of the same protein level, but without rGH supplementation. Juvenile of giant gourami (weight 15.83 + 0.13 g) were fed diets containing rGH, to apparent satiation, 2 times a week. Fish were reared from less than 2 months old for 42 days in 100 L glass aquaria at an initial density of 10 fish per aquarium. At the end of this period, the biomass and daily growth rate (SGR) of the fish were measured and the feed conversion ratio calculated and compared. Our data showed that fish fed rGH-supplemented diets experienced higher growth than fish in the control groups and showed that fish with higher protein diets experienced higher growth than the groups with less protein diets. The group with the highest biomass gain, SGR, and lowest feed conversion ratio (FCR) was the group fed a 34% protein diet supplemented with rGH. Furthermore, biomass gain, SGR, and FCR in the rGH treatment group with a 28% protein diet matched the measurements of the non-rGH control group receiving a 34% protein diet (P > 0.05). We conclude that giant juvenile gourami given feed supplemented with recombinant growth hormone will experience increased growth and dietary utility compared with gourami given the same feed without supplementation.

Analysis of Intestinal Mucosal Immunoglobulin A in Sprague Dawley Rats Supplemented with Tempeh SUSAN SOKA; ANTONIUS SUWANTO; IMAN RUSMANA; DONDIN SAJUTHI; DIAH ISKANDRIATI; KATHARINA JESSICA
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 22 No. 1 (2015): January 2015
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Tempeh is a well-known Indonesian fermented food made from soybean. During the fermentation process, microorganisms play an important role in the flavor, texture, and nutritional quality of tempeh. Tempeh has been show to have immuno-modulatory and immune-stimulating properties that may also be caused by the microorganisms in tempeh as they interact between the microbial population in the intestinal tract. The objective of this study was to quantify IgA gene expression at both the transcription and translation levels in Sprague Dawley (SD) rats supplemented with tempeh. A total of 6 female SD rats were divided into 3 groups of 2 rats. The first group was the control and was fed a standard diet without tempeh. The second- and third group were fed with a standard diet supplemented with raw and cooked tempeh, respectively. Ileum tissue samples were collected after tempeh supplementation for 28 days. RNA was extracted from ileum samples, and measurement of IgA gene expression was further analyzed using semi quantitative real-time PCR. The concentration of IgA protein was quantified from ileum lysate using the half sandwich ELISA method. IgA gene expressions in rats supplemented with raw, and with cooked tempeh, were 1.18 and 1.17 fold higher, respectively, compared to the control group. Moreover, IgA protein secretion levels also increased 2.46 and 2.08 fold, respectively, compared to the control group. The result of this study indicates that both raw and cooked tempeh may stimulate IgA secretion, and also that both viable and non-viable microorganisms might stimulate IgA gene expression.

Effects of Soy-Germ Protein on Catalase Activity of Plasma and Erythocyte of Metabolic Syndrome Women HERY WINARSI; SIWI PRAMATAMA MARS WIJAYANTI; NURTJAHJO DWI SASONGKO; AGUS PURWANTO
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 22 No. 1 (2015): January 2015
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Oxidative stress always accompany patients with metabolic syndrome (MS). Several researchers reported that soy-protein is able to decrease oxidative stress level. However, there is no report so far about soy-germ protein in relation to its potential to the decrease oxidative stress level of MS patients. The aim of this study was to explore the potential of soy-germ protein on activity of catalase enzyme in blood’s plasma as well as erythrocytes of MS patients. Double-blind randomized clinical trial was used as an experimental study. Thirty respondents were included in this study with MS, normal level blood sugar, low-HDL cholesterol but high in triglyceride, 40-65 years old, Body Mass Index > 25 kg/m2, live in Purwokerto and agreed to sign the informed consent. They were randomly grouped into 3 different groups, 10 each: Group I, was given special milk that contains soy-germ protein and Zn; Group II, soy-germ protein, while Group III was placebo; for two consecutive months. Data were taken from blood samples in 3 different periods i.e. 0, 1, and 2 months after treatment. Two months after treatment, there was an increase from 5.36 to 20.17 IU/mg (P = 0.028) in activity of catalase enzyme in blood’s plasma respondents who consumed milk containing soy-germ protein with or without Zn. A similar trend of catalase activity, but at a lower level, was also noticed in erythrocyte; which increased from 88.31 to 201.11 IU/mg (P = 0.013). The increase in activity of catalase enzyme in blood’s plasma was 2.2 times higher than that in erythrocytes.

Phylogenetic Relationships Within Arctornis (Lepidoptera: Erebidae) Based on COI Gene Sequences HARI SUTRISNO
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 22 No. 1 (2015): January 2015
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Genus Arctornis is one of Tussock moths which are most diverse in tropics, particularly in Sundaland.Several species associate with cultivated plants and have potential to become pests. The systematic of this genus is still in dispute, especially on the monophyly and the relationship within this genus due to the fact that it is very large genus (137 described species). To clarify the monophyly of the genus Arctornis, and to reveal the phylogenetic relationship among the Indonesian species, we analyzed ten species of Indonesian Arctonis involving seven other species distributed around the world based on a 600 bp region in the COI gene. The results showed that the monophyly of Arctornis was supported by a high bayesian partition test at Maximum likelihood tree building method. The relationship among groups was supported by moderate to high bayesian partition values. Indeed, COI gene was very useful to characterize Arctornis species, especially to distinguish member of Indonesian species. Nevertheless, this should be taken with precaution because more species and more conserved genes should be involved in the future analysis to test the validity of the proposed phylogeny.

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