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Pillar of Physics: Jurnal Berkala Ilmiah Fisika
Published by Universitas Negeri Padang
ISSN : 23379030     EISSN : 26852608     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.24036/10741171074
Core Subject : Science,
Earth & Planetary Sciences Materials Science & Nanotechnology Physics
This journal publishes original articles on the latest issues and trends occurring internationally in: 1 Geophysics, 2 Electronics and Instrumentation, 3 Material Physics, (4) Computational Physics. Other topics are related to physics are most welcome.
Arjuna Subject : Fisika dan Astronomi - Fisika dan Astronomi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 270 Documents
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The Effect of The Addition of Seaweed Charcoal (Sargasum sp.) With Pure Graphite on The Absorptive Properties of Graphene Oxide Syntheses Using the Hummer Modification Method Dicko Maulana Syahdan; - Ramli; Rahmat Hidayat; Yenni Darvina
PILLAR OF PHYSICS Vol 16, No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Department of Physics – Universitas Negeri Padang UNP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/14304171074

Abstract

Graphene Oxide or Graphene Oxide (GO) Is a graphite oxide in the form of a monolayer obtained from exfoliating graphite oxide into sheets through a sonication or stirring process. In this study, the material used was a mixture of pure graphite and seaweed (Sargasum sp). Seaweed (Sargasum sp) is used as a mixture of pure graphite because the carbon content in seaweed (Sargasum sp) is good enough to reduce the use of pure graphite as the main ingredient in making graphene oxide. There are are 4 variations of composition with the aim of seeing the best results from these five compositions, namely the composition between Graphite and Sargassum sp, namely 70%: 30%, 60% ; 40%, and 50% : 50%. The research results obtained showed that graphene oxide had been successfully synthesized from the addition of seaweed charcoal because of some of the typical properties of graphene oxide. By X-ray diffractogram at an angle of 2, it was found to contain C-O, C=O, C=C, and O-H functional groups. In the VNA test, it obtained high reflection loss and adsorption coefficient values in a mixture of 50% pure graphite: 50% seaweed with a reflection loss value of -7.40 dB and an adsorption coefficient of 0.57342
Development of Connected Wheel Motion Experiment System with Remote Laboratory Based IoT using the Web Rahmat Dito Tri Wicaksono; - Asrizal; - Yohandri; - Hufri; Rio Anshari
PILLAR OF PHYSICS Vol 16, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Department of Physics – Universitas Negeri Padang UNP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/15044171074

Abstract

Remote measurement is a trend that is in great demand today. The development of connected wheel motion experiment system with a remote laboratory is aimed at effectiveness in experimental activities. This research is based on the weaknesses of previous research that there is no login system, queuing system, and time limit for using the experimental system. Based on these weaknesses, this study provides a solution to the experimental system with a login system, queuing system, and time limit for using the device. The Design and Development (D&D) method is the method chosen in this study. From the data analysis it can be stated in general that there are two results in this study. The first result is the performance specification of the related wheel drive experimental system where the function of each component of the experimental system has a performance according to the function of each component. The second result is the accuracy and precision of the associated wheel motion experimental system. Accuracy results for concentric wheels, obtained an average accuracy of 97.19% and 98.23%. Accuracy for connected wheels to ropes obtained an average result of 98.28% and 98.98%. The results of the angular velocity precision test on concentric wheels obtained an average of 99.43% and 99.09%. The precision of the angular velocity obtained on the wheels connected by a rope is 99.68% and 97.78% 
Analysis and Synthesis of Guitar Sounds with Hammer on Strumming Technique Abd Djamil Husin; Koharudin Koharudin; Sidikrubadi Pramudito; Sitti Yani; Rima Fitria Adiati
PILLAR OF PHYSICS Vol 16, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Department of Physics – Universitas Negeri Padang UNP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/15354171074

Abstract

This research aims to analyze and synthesize periodic signals derived from guitar string plucking with hammer-on technique. This research has three stages, namely the data collection stage, the analysis stage, and the synthesis stage. The guitar string was plucked with a tension of 2.5 N and recorded using a sound sensor connected to PASCO Capstone software. The data used has two variations, namely the sound signal of a hammer-on pluck with a half tone increase and a one tone increase. Data analysis was carried out using MATLAB software to obtain deviation graphs as a function of frequency, damping coefficient values, and frequency spectra. The results showed that after hammer-on the amplitude of the tone decreased drastically as the mass per unit length of the string decreased. The initial tone before the hammer-on will appear in the tone after the hammer-on with a lower amplitude as the mass per unit length of the string increases. The synthesis of guitar sounds with this technique is done by combining the individual tones obtained and adjusting the time interval and amplitude according to the literature data
Variability in the Occurrence of Sporadic E in the Geminid Meteor Shower using Inosonde BPAA Agam Data Aisyah Apriani Parinduri; - Akmam; Nofi Yendri Sudiar; - Hamdi
PILLAR OF PHYSICS Vol 16, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Department of Physics – Universitas Negeri Padang UNP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/14471171074

Abstract

Variability in the appearance of sporadic E in the Geminid Meteor Shower. The appearance of sporadic E does not always exist and suddenly appears, so sporadic E appears as a result of the Geminid Meteor Shower. Therefore, this research aimed to determine the variability in the appearance of sporadic E during the Geminid Meteor Shower. This type of research was descriptive analysis research. This research includes data collection, data processing, and data analysis on sporadic E layers. The data was linked to the Geminid Meteor Shower events on December 12, 13, and 14 in 2014, 2019, and 2020. The results of this research show that there were significant differences in the appearance of the Sporadic E layer at the peak of the Geminid Meteor shower. Where it had increased foEs and h'Es as Sporadic E layer parameters. foEs and h'Es before the peak of the Geminid Meteor Shower were known to be normal with foEs values between 2-4.2 MHz and h'Es at an altitude of 102-147 km. When the Geminid Meteor Shower peaked, foEs increased to 11.67 MHz and h'Es at an altitude of 147 km. After the peak of the Geminid Meteor Shower, there was a decline until it returned to normal with foEs ranging between 2-4.4 MHz and h'Es at an altitude of 99-147 km. An increase in foEs and h'Es was associated with the Geminid Meteor Shower phenomenon, so the Geminid Meteor Shower was variability in the appearance of Sporadic E during the Geminid meteor shower
The Effect of Compositional Optical Analysis of ZnO/TiO2 Composites In a Sunscreen Product Maritza Syalsabilla; Fuad Sofaturahman; Mira Syuriyani; Lia Rifka Septiana; Nadia Raisa Aryani; Riri Jonuarti; - Ratnawulan; Rahmat Hidayat
PILLAR OF PHYSICS Vol 16, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Department of Physics – Universitas Negeri Padang UNP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/14929171074

Abstract

TiO2 and ZnO are active components in commercialized physical sunscreens that have a broad protective spectrum, which includes UVB and UVA. The combination of ZnO/TiO2 composites has more effective performance in blocking Ultra Violet rays in a wide wavelength range compared to ZnO or TiO2 alone. However, the high refractive index of TiO2 can cause a white cast. To solve the issue, a cream was created by incorporating antioxidants such as Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO). The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of the ZnO/TiO2 composite optical composition on visible and ultra violet light. Three composition comparisons were investigated in the study: ZnO/TiO2 10% added VCO, ZnO/TiO2 5% added VCO, and ZnO/TiO2 5% without VCO. UV-vis spectroscopy characterization showed that the ZnO/TiO2 composite absorbed more effectively in the ultra violet range than in visible light, and the greatest absorption and maximum reflectance are in the UVA1 range. The higher the concentration of ZnO/TiO2 in the cream composition, the higher the cream's absorption and reflection peaks. The reflectance in the visible light region is low, between 30% and 40%, implying that visible light passes through the sunscreen cream 70% to 80% of the time. As a result, the higher the ultra violet reflectance of the physical sunscreen cream, the lower the transparency. The higher the concentration of ZnO/TiO2, the greater the band gap value of the physical sunscreen, in the range of 3.1–3.5 eV
Effect of Variation in Pineapple Leaf Fiber Composition with Polyurethane Matrix in Composite Panels on Acoustic Properties and Porosity Putra Adil; Yenni Darvina; - Ramli; Rio Anshari
PILLAR OF PHYSICS Vol 16, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Department of Physics – Universitas Negeri Padang UNP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/14571171074

Abstract

Noise can cause medical, psychological, and environmental disturbances. One of the efforts to reduce noise is by using acoustic materials. Acoustic materials can be made using natural fiber composites. This study uses pineapple leaf fiber as fiber and polyurethane as a matrix that will be formed into a sound-absorbing composite panel. This study aims are to determine the effect of variations in the composition of pineapple fiber-reinforced composites with polyurethane matrix on acoustic properties and porosity, determine the effect of frequency on acoustic properties, and determine the relationship between porosity and acoustic properties. The method used in this research uses a characterization tool in the form of a one-microphone impedance tube and porosity test equipment. Composite panels are made by varying the composition of pineapple leaf fibers with polyurethane matrix with the ratio of pineapple leaf fiber composition to polyurethane matrix, namely 50%: 50%, 60%: 40%, 70%: 30%, 80%: 20% and 90%: 10%. Based on the research, it was  found that the more the amount of pineapple leaf fiber composition is used, the absorption coefficient, sound transmission loss, and prostitution will increase while the reflection coefficient decreases. The higher the frequency used, the absorption coefficient and sound transmission loss will increase while the reflection coefficient decreases for all frequencies. The relationship between porosity and acoustic properties is that the higher the porosity, the absorption coefficient and sound transmission loss will increase while the reflection coefficient decreases
Carbon Monoxide Measuring System using MQ-7 Sensor with Cloud Storage Irfan Muhammad Zaqi; - Yohandri; - Yulkifli; Nofi Yendri Sudiar
PILLAR OF PHYSICS Vol 16, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Department of Physics – Universitas Negeri Padang UNP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/13451171074

Abstract

Carbon monoxide (CO) gas cannot be detected by sight or smell but is highly detectable and is formed from incomplete combustion such as in motor vehicles. Currently monitoring CO gas levels and measurement data at any time cannot be accessed all the time. Therefore, a measuring instrument system with data storage is required. We developed an instrument to measure CO gas levels in the air. The system developed uses the MQ-7 and ESP8266 sensors to produce a CO gas level measurement device with Cloud Storage. This research is a type of engineering research. The measurement technique used is a direct and indirect measurement. The direct measurement technique is done by comparing CO level data from standard tools with measuring instruments. Indirect measurement techniques are carried out by analyzing the data. Based on the research objectives, the specifications of the work tools are the average accuracy percentage of 97.27%, and the precision of 97.31%. Based on these result, the CO gas level measuring tool has a measurement accuracy and precision of close to 100%. So it is concluded that the CO level measuring tool can work properly
Analysis of Microwave Absorption Properties of Graphene Oxide from Rice Husk Waste Andari Oktafiani; Ramli Ramli; Yenni Darvina; Gusnedi Gusnedi
PILLAR OF PHYSICS Vol 16, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Department of Physics – Universitas Negeri Padang UNP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/12996171074

Abstract

Graphene Oxide (GO) was synthesized with variations in carbonization temperatures of 250 °C, 300 °C, and 350 °C using the modified Hummers method. The results of the synthesis of  GO will then be tested for microwave absorbing properties because it can be applied in various fields, such as information technology, medical equipment, industry, polymer synthesis, and organic synthesis. Therefore, in this report, GO uses rice husk waste instead of graphite as a carbon source because rice husk waste is abundant in nature and easy to obtain than graphite. In addition to reducing waste in Indonesia, this study aimed to determine the crystal size and GO functional groups and analyze the properties of microwave absorbers. X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to determine the crystal size. The GO functional groups were determined using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), and the microwave absorption characteristics of GO were analyzed using a Vector Network Analyzer (VNA). The XRD results show GO peaks between 26° peaks and 44° peaks. In the FTIR results, there are a collection of GO practices, in particular CO, C = C, and C = O. In the VNA results, the best microwave absorption properties are at an ignition temperature of 350 °C with the lowest reflection value - 39.95 dB, the highest absorption coefficient is 99%, and the absorption bandwidth is 0.06 GHz at a frequency of 8.5 GHz
Smart Garden System Based on Internet of Things using NodeMCU ESP8266 Waldy Mukhlis; - Yohandri; - Yulkifli; - Mairizwan
PILLAR OF PHYSICS Vol 16, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Department of Physics – Universitas Negeri Padang UNP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/13455171074

Abstract

Gardening is an agricultural sector that requires control and monitoring of work. However, the management and monitoring are still done manually. Therefore, we developed an internet of the things-based smart garden to monitor and control plants. This study aims to determine the design and performance of the system. This research is a type of engineering research. The measurement technique is to measure directly by comparing air humidity, air temperature, soil moisture, and soil temperature with the standard tool. The indirect measurement is by analyzing the value of accuracy and precision of the instrument. The system uses a DHT11 sensor measuring air temperature and humidity, a soil moisture sensor, and a DS18B20 sensor to measure soil temperature. The device has nearly 100% accuracy in all parameters, especially in the range of 93.53% to 98.61%. Precision for all parameters of the selected devices is also close to 100% in the range of 98.6% to 99.8%. Based on these results, the design of the smart garden tool can work well
Making of Biodegradable Plastic Based on Corn Starch (Amylum Maydis) with Addition of Acid (CH3 COOh) and Gliserol Plasticizer Desti Yuspita Sari; - Ratnawulan; Riri Jonuarti; Rahmat Hidayat
PILLAR OF PHYSICS Vol 16, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Department of Physics – Universitas Negeri Padang UNP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/15040171074

Abstract

Almost all countries face the problem of plastic waste due to the large production of conventional plastics and the long degradation process. Therefore, to protect nature from the accumulation of plastic waste, research on biodegradable plastics needs to be done. Biodegradable plastics are made from starch, cellulose, chitosan, and proteins extracted from renewable biomass. Starch for making biodegradable plastics can be obtained from plants, one of which is corn. This study aims to determine the effect of the composition of acetic acid, glycerol and corn starch on the quality of biodegradable plastics which include tensile strength, elongation and biodegradation. The independent variables were variations of acetic acid and glycerol. Control variables are plastic mold size, corn starch mass of 5 grams, other compounds outside the independent variables. The dependent variable is tensile strength, elongation and biodegradation. To test the tensile strength and elongation of biodegradable plastic, Ultimate Testing Machine Mini was used. The results showed that the addition of acetic acid and glycerol to the corn starch and glycerol blending material had an effect on increasing the tensile strength value and reducing the elongation and biodegradation values of biodegradable plastics. The highest tensile strength value is 50.04 Mpa, obtained from the addition of 1.44% acetic acid and 35.71% glycerol from a volume of distilled water of 70 ml. The highest length gain or elongation of 90% was obtained from the addition of 0.48% acetic acid and glycerol as much as 21.43% of the 70 ml volume of distilled water. Percent weight loss of the largest plastic obtained from the addition of acetic acid as much as 0.48% and glycerol as much as 21.43% of the volume of distilled water as much as 70 ml, which amounted to 93.33%. 

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