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Jurnal Natural
Published by Universitas Syiah Kuala
ISSN : 14118513     EISSN : 25414062     DOI : https://doi.org/10.24815/jn
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Astronomy Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Earth & Planetary Sciences Energy Immunology & microbiology Neuroscience Physics
Jurnal Natural (JN) aims to publish original research results and reviews on sciences and mathematics. Jurnal Natural (JN) encompasses a broad range of research topics in chemistry, pharmacy, biology, physics, mathematics, statistics, informatic and electronic.
Arjuna Subject : Matematika - Matematika (Lain-Lain)
Articles 420 Documents
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Anatomical and micromorphological characteristics of Pogostemon heyneanus Benth. (Lamiaceae) AMALIA AMALIA; NORAINI TALIB; JALIFAH LATIP; AMINAH ABDULLAH; ISMAIL BIN SAHID
Jurnal Natural Volume 23 Number 3, October 2023
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24815/jn.v23i3.33213

Abstract

Foliar micromorphological and anatomical characteristics of Pogostemon heyneanus Benth. (Lamiaceae) was investigated in order to describe its comprehensive characterization and its association with the presence of essential oils. The methods used in this study involved several methods such as cross-section using a sliding microtome and epidermal peeling that were observed under light microscope, and foliar micromorphological characteristics that were observed under scanning electron microscope (SEM). Results showed leaf anatomical and micromorphological characteristics that could be useful in species identification and the localization of chemical properties. The leaf epidermal surfaces were characterized by curved to sinuous anticlinal walls (adaxial side) and sinuous anticlinal walls (abaxial side). The diacytic and anisocytic types of stomata were present only on the abaxial surface. The features of the stem is quadrangular and the well-developed collenchyma function. The sclerenchyma cells are present as clusters at the outer layer of vascular bundles and continuously surround the vascular tissue.  Then, there were three forms of crystals found, namely star shaped crystals, prismatic crystals and raphides in the pith area. Eight types of trichomes were observed: simple unicellular, simple multicellular, peltate, short-stalked capitate (unicellular head), short-stalked capitate (bicellular head), short-swollen multistalked (unicellular acute head), long-stalked capitate, and long-swollen stalked capitate (disk head) trichomes. The presence of various glandular trichomes on the leaf surfaces may serve as secretory sites where secondary metabolites or essential oils are produced. The findings on the foliar and stem anatomical and micromorphological characteristics are very useful for the medicinal herbs industry as well as being of taxonomic value.
Exploration of potential wild medicinal mushrooms from Pocut Meurah Intan forest park, Aceh, Indonesia HENDRIX INDRA KUSUMA; ESSY HARNELLY; ZAIRIN THOMY; MUHAMMAD ADRIYAN FITRA; SAMINGAN SAMINGAN
Jurnal Natural Volume 20 Number 3, October 2020
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24815/jn.v20i3.16916

Abstract

Mushroom is one of living things with abundant diversity and has various beneficial potentials; one of them is as medicine. The use of mushrooms as medicine has long been known primarily as traditionally made herbs and the knowledge has been passed down for generations. The Pocut Meurah Intan Forest Park as a conservation forest, stores a variety of mushrooms in it. Data about the type of mushroom that has medicinal potential existed in the forest park has never been published so it is important to do so. This study aims to record the types of mushrooms that have benefits as medicines. The method used is an exploratory survey through a trail or tracking path then identified as a medicinal mushroom base on literature studies. The results of the study found 15 species of mushrooms that have potential as medicine, namely Cookeina tricholoma, Sarcoscypha coccinea, Tremella fuciformis, Auricularia auricula-judae, Flammulina velutipes, Schizophyllum commune, Scleroderma citrinum, Boletus edulis, Trametes versicolor, Lentinus tigrinus, Lentinus squarosulus, Ganoderma applanatum, Ganoderma resinaceum, Thelephora ganbajun and Lycoperdon echinatum. This shows that Pocut Meurah Intan Forest Park has great resources and potential that can be utilized for the benefit of the surrounding community, and it needs to be preserved so that diversity is maintained and can be used by future generations.
A REVIEW: MICROPROPAGATION OF PHALAENOPSIS sp FROM LEAF AND FLOWER STALK EXPLANTS Meutia Zahara
Jurnal Natural Volume 17, Number 2, September 2017
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24815/jn.v17i2.8130

Abstract

Abstract Phalaenopsis orchids are recognized as the most popular orchid genus in the world, especially in horticultural industry due to their large, colorful, and durable flowers as well as their wider adaptability to room conditions. The characteristics of seedling propagated by vegetative means are not uniform; therefore, propagation through tissue culture is desirable. Although the micro propagation of Phalaenopsis has shown very good development, but the wide spread of micro propagation still limited due some problems such as the exudation of phenolic compounds, the PGR concentration, the media used, somaclonal variation, the chosen explants, etc. This paper endeavor to include some important investigations based on the common explants used; leaf and flower stalk. Keywords: Micropropagation, Phalaenopsis, leaf explant, flower stalk ReferencesAnonymous. Orchid (Orchidaceae). Diakes tanggal 13 Januari 2013 dari http://www.rainforest-alliance.org/kids/species-profiles/orchid. Rainforest Alliance. 2002.Pillon, Y.; Chase, M. W.Taxonomic exaggeration and its effects on orchid conservation. Conservation Biology. 2007, 21, 263–265.Thengane, S. R.; Deodhar, S. R.; Bhosle, S. V.; Rawal, S. K. Direct somatic embryogenesis and plant regenaration in Garciniaindica Chois’. Current Science. 2006, 91(8), 1074-1078.Yuswanti, H.; Dharma, I. P.; Utama. ; Wiraatmaja, I. W. Mikropropagasi anggrek Phalaenopsis dengan menggunakan eksplan tangkai bunga. AGROTROP. 2015, 5(2): 161-166.Raynalta, E.; Sukma, D.  Pengaruh komposisi media dalam perbanyakan protocorm like bodies, pertumbuhan plantlet, dan aklimatisasi Phalaenopsis amabilis. J. Hort. Indonesia. 2013, 4(3): 131-139.Kosir, P.; Skof, S.; Luthar, Z. Direct Shoot Regeneration from Nodes of Phalaenopsis of Orchids. Acta Agriculturae Slovenica. 2004, 83, 233–242.Arditti, J. R. ; Ernst. Micropropagation of Orchids. Wiley-Interscience. New York, 1993.Park, Y. S.;Kakuta, S.; Kano, A.; Okabe, M.Efficient propagation of protocorm-like bodies of Phalaenopsis in liquid medium. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture. 1996, 45, 79–85.Park, S. Y. ; Yeung, E. C.; Chakrabarty, D. ; Paek, K. Y. An efficient direct induction of protocorm-like bodies from leaf subepidermal cells of Doritaenopsis hybrid using thin-section culture. Plant Cell Reports. 2002, 21, 46–51.Zahara, M.; Datta, A.; Boonkorkaew, P. Effects of sucrose, carrot juice and culture media on growth and net CO2 exchange rate in Phalaenopsis hybrid ‘Pink’. ScientiaHorticulturae. 2016,205, 17–24.Hee, K. H.; Loh, C. S.; Yeoh, H. H. In vitro flowering and rapid in vitro embryo production in Dendrobium Chao Praya Smile (Orchidaceae). Plant Cell Reports. 2007, 26, 2055–2062.Kannan, N. An in vitro study on micropropagation of Cymbidium orchids. Current Biotica. 2009, 3, 244–250.Steward, Jr. N. C. Plant Biotechnology and Genetics. Willey, A john Willey Sons, INC., Publication. 2008.George, E. F.; Sherington, P. D.Biotechnology by tissue culture. Exegetics Ltd. 1994.Nursyamsi. Teknik kultur jaringan sebagai alternatif perbanyakan tanaman untuk mendukung rehabilitasi lahan. Makalah pada ekspose hasil-hasil penelitian balai penelitian kehutanan makasar. Makasar, 2010.Aditi, J. F. L. S.; Krikorian, A. D. Orchid mircropropagation: the path from laboratory to commercialization and an account of several unappreciated investigators. Botanical Journal of of the Linnean Society. 1996, 122: 183-241.Gunawan, L. W. Teknik Kultur Jaringan Tanaman. Pusat Antar Universitas (PAU) Bioteknologi IPB. 1998. Bogor.Chugh, S. Guha, S.; Rao, I. U. Micropropagation of orchids: A review on the potential of different explants. Scientia Horticulturae. 2009, 122, 507–520.Ramdan. Kultur daun dan pangkal batang in vitro anggrek bulan raksasa (Phalaenopsis gigantea J.J.Smith) pada beberapa media kultur jaringan. Departemen agronomi dan hortikultura, Fakultas pertanian IPB. 2011.Latip, M. A. R.; Murdad, Z. A.; Aziz, L. H.; Ting, L. M.; Govindasamy.; R. Pipin. Effects of N6-Benzyladenine and Thidiazuron on Poliferation of Phalaenopsis gigantea Protocorm. AsPac J. Mol. Biol. Biotechnol. 2010, 18(1): 217-220 p.Niknejad, A.; Kadir, M. A.; Kadzimin, B. S. In vitro plant regeneration from protocorms-like bodies (PLBs) and callus of Phalaenopsis gigantea (Epidendroidaceae: Orchidaceae). African Journal of Biotechnology.2010, 10, 11808–11816.Chen, J. T.; Chang, W. C. Direct somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration from leaf explants of Phalaenopsis amabilis. Biologia Plantarum. 2006, 50, 169–173.Zahara, M. Disertasi doktor: The Effects of Plant Growth Regulators and Natural Additives on Direct Shoot Regeneration and Plantlet Growth of Phalaenopsis hybrid ‘Pink’. Asian Institute of Technology, Pathumthani. Thailand. 2016.Xu, C. J.; Li, H.; Zhang, M. G. Preliminary studies on the elements of browning and the changes in cellular texture of leaf explant browning in Phalaenopsis. Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2005, 32, 1111–1113.Tokuhara, K; Mii, M. Induction of embryonic callus and cell suspension culture from shoot tips excised from flower stalk buds of Phalaenopsis (Orchidaceae). In Vitro Cellular Developmental Biology–Plant. 2001, 37, 457–461Balilashaki, K.; Naderi, R.; Kalantari, S.; Soorni, A. Mircropropagation of Phalaenopsis amabilis cv Cool ‘Breeze’ with using flower stakl nodes and leaves of sterile obtained from node cultures. IJFAS, 2014.Semiarti, E.; Indrianto, A.; Purwanto, A. Agrobacterium-Mediated transformation of Indonesian orchids for  micropropagation, genetic transformation, Prof. MarÃa Alvarez (Ed.), ISBN: 978-953-307-364-4, InTech, 2011. Available from: http://www.intechopen.com/books/ genetic-transformation/agrobacterium-mediated-transformation-ofindonesian-orchids-for-micropropagation.
DIVERSITY OF FEED PLANTS OF SUMATRAN ELEPHANT HABITATS (ELEPHAS MAXIMUS SUMATRANUS) IN JANTHO PINUS NATURE RESERVE, ACEH BESAR DISTRICT Ma’rifatin Zahrah
Jurnal Natural Volume 16, Number 1, March 2016
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24815/jn.v16i1.4360

Abstract

This research conducted to identify the kinds of feed plants sumatran elephant which is the main component of elephant habitats .The purpose of this research was to obtain data about kinds of feed plants sumatran elephant and analyzes the species diversity. The study conducted with analysis vegetation use of systematic sampling methods at any community different vegetation .The research results recorded there are 75 species of  feed plants  from 269 species of plants found , which means 28%  plants in the study locations is a source of feed for sumatran elephants. The data was obtained show that the number of species to spread of  feed plants of elephant more on a community of  I , a number of 36 species of all level vegetation began to the seedling, sapling, pole and tree; while community II and III each 30 and 23 species . Community IV and V had the same number of  feed plants species, a number of 31 species . Based on the analysis of the diversity of species to feed plants  of elephant, shows that community III have index the diversity of species ( H = 4,53; Hmax = 5,17 ) higher than other locations.
Performance of copula and nested error regression models in estimating per capita expenditure of sub-district in Pidie Regency NUR HASANAH; KHAIRIL ANWAR NOTODIPUTRO; BAGUS SARTONO
Jurnal Natural Volume 23 Number 2, June 2023
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24815/jn.v23i2.31095

Abstract

In unit-level small area estimation (SAE), the commonly used nested error regression (NER) model assumes normality which is not always the case. To handle non-normal data, researchers in statistics have developed a novel approach using exchangeable and extendible copula called the multivariate exchangeable copula (MEC) model. This study compares the performance of parametric MEC and NER models in estimating the sub-district average of per capita expenditure (PCE) in Pidie Regency, Aceh Province. This study presents PCE, which has a skewed distribution of the three-parameter skew-normal. The parametric MEC model uses a Gaussian copula from the Elliptical family and an empirical best unbiased prediction (EBUP) estimator. Meanwhile, the NER model uses an empirical best linear unbiased prediction (EBLUP) estimator. The results reveal that at a 95% confidence level, the parametric MEC model outperforms the NER model with a smaller root of mean squared error (RMSE) and provides a more precise estimate of the sub-district average of PCE. This study highlights the importance of considering the parametric MEC model as an alternative method for skewed data in unit-level SAE. The results of this study have the potential to support the achievement of Goal 1 (to end poverty) and Goal 10 (to reduce inequality) of the sustainable development goals (SDGs) by providing average PCE estimates at the sub-district level.
The blood glucose lowering effect of Malaysian Tinospora crispa in rats SARAH FIRDAUSA; MAUNG MAUNG CHO; KHIN MAUNG MAUNG; NILAR AUNG; NORSIDAH KUZAIFAH; SURYAWATI SURYAWATI
Jurnal Natural Volume 20 Number 1, February 2020
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24815/jn.v20i1.15907

Abstract

Diabetes is defined as a chronic hyperglycemia which should be countered by the effective, safe and readily available hypoglycemic agents. Herbal is among alternatives that has been used by society for years but lacks of documented evidences. Tinospora crispa (TC) is enriched by phytochemicals which potentially reduce blood glucose thus is useful for diabetic patients. This study aimed to investigate the potency of TC inreducing blood sugar and body weight. It involved 30 healthy rats divided into 5 groups namely: normal control, normal fed with TC extract, diabetic, TC-treated diabetic (dose 500 mg/kg w/w), and vitamin E-traeted diabetic rats (60 IU). The body weight and fasting blood glucose were measured each week for 1 month. The administration of TC extract 500 mg/kg (w/w) helps to maintain body weight in diabetic rats and reduce the fasting blood glucose. TC is highly potent as hypoglycemic agents therefore needed to be explored further.
ANALGETIC ACTIVITY OF CEP-CEPAN (Saurauia cauliflora DC.) LEAVES EXTRACT Emil Salim; Cut Fatimah; Dewi Yul Fanny
Jurnal Natural Volume 17, Number 1, March 2017
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24815/jn.v17i1.6856

Abstract

Abstract. Pain is an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage. The people who live in Karo use several types of plants to relieve pain, one of which is cep-cepan (Saurauia cauliflora DC.) The leaves of this plant traditionally used to treat gastrointestinal disorders. There is no scientific evidence about analgetic effect of the leaves. Thus, this study aimed to determine the potential effect of the ethanolic extract of cep-cepan leaves as an analgesic. Fresh Cep-cepan leaves were dried in a drying cabinet at 40°C. Furthermore, the water content of the powdered dried leaves was determined using azeotropic distillation method. Phytochemical screening was carried out to determine chemical groups contained in the dried leaves. Plant extraction was done by maceration method using ethanol 96%. Analgesic effect of the extract was evaluated by observing respon time of mices to infrared as pain inducer. Mices were grouped into six categories, they were: vehicle, antalgin 65 mg/kgBW, and extracts at the dose of 500 mg/kgBW, 250 mg/kgBW, 125 mg/kgBW, 62,5 mg/kgBW, all were administered orally. The data were analayzed using ANOVA followed by LSD. Results showed that the dried leaves contained flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, anthraquinone glycosides and steroids/triterpenoids. The water contain of the dried leaves was 5,3%. The analgesic test results showed the extract at the dose of 250 mg/kgBW had strong analgesic effect similar to that of 500 mg/kgBW and antalgin 65 mg/kgBW.Keywords: analgetic, antalgin, cep-cepan, leave, saurauia cauliflora.
Study on the performance of Robust LASSO in determining important variables data with outliers ROCHYATI ROCHYATI; KUSMAN SADIK; BAGUS SARTONO; EVITA PURNANINGRUM
Jurnal Natural Volume 23 Number 1, February 2023
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24815/jn.v23i1.26279

Abstract

A variable selection method is required to deal with regression models with many variables, and LASSO has been the most widely used methodology.  However, as several authors have noted, LASSO is sensitive to outliers in the data.  For this reason, the Robust-LASSO approach was introduced by applying some weighting schemes for each sample in the data.  This research presented a comparative study of the three weighting schemes in Robust LASSO, namely Huber-LASSO, Tukey-LASSO, and Welsch-LASSO.  The study did a rich simulation containing many scenarios with various characteristics on the covariance structures of the explanatory variable, the types of outliers, the number of outliers, the location of active variables, and the number of variables.  The study then found that Tukey-LASSO outperformed Huber-LASSO and Welsch-LASSO in identifying significant variables.  The Robust LASSO performance generally decreased as the covariances among explanatory variables increased and the data dimension increased.  Exploration of sembung leaf extract data shows that the data is high dimensional data which contains outliers of about 14,28% on the response variable and about 25,71% on the explanatory variables.  Based on the research, the number of variables selected using the Tukey-LASSO method was nine compounds, Huber-LASSO and Welsch-LASSO were eight compounds, and LASSO 13 compounds.  The Tukey-LASSO prediction accuracy is superior to the other three methods.
Hylocereus polyrhizus effect on catalase and malondialdehyde in rats with oxidative stress SRI WAHDANINGSIH; EKA KARTIKA UNTARI
Jurnal Natural Volume 21 Number 3, October 2021
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24815/jn.v21i3.19474

Abstract

The excessive production of free radicals causes oxidative damage and degenerative diseases. Whereas, catalase is a macromolecule with a specific activity, but Malondialdehyde (MDA) is a small molecule with no activity. The peels of red dragon fruit (H. polyrhizus) are potential to be natural exogenous antioxidants. This research aimed to determine the effects of methanol fraction from H. polyrhizus peels on catalase activity and MDA level. The peel was macerated using chloroform and fractionated using methanol. The stress condition was done through five-day fasting and ten-minute swimming per day. The activity of catalase and MDA was measured using UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Thirty five rats were divided into 7 groups: normal, negative, dose I (5 mg/200gBW), dose II (10 mg/200gBW), dose III (20 mg/200gBW), positive control (quercetin) (4 mg/200gBW) and vitamin E (17.64 mg/kg). The activity of catalase in the normal, negative, vitamin E, and quercetin, dose I, II, and II respectively were: 28.37; 7.8; 24.85; 34.33; 59.92; 28.18; and 70.85 Unit/mL. The average MDA level in the groups respectively were: 0.042; 0.051; 0.034; 0.042; 0.037; 0.033; 0.030 μg/mL. The result of One Way ANOVA test showed that the catalase activity in dose III was significantly different than normal group; the MDA levels in all groups were significantly different than normal group. This research revealed that methanol fraction from H. polyrhizus peels is a potent antioxidant for its capacity to increase the activity of catalase and reduce the MDA level in rats with oxidative stress.
CHARACTERIZATION OF NATURAL IRON SAND FROM KATA BEACH, WEST SUMATRA WITH HIGH ENERGY MILLING (HEM) Martha Rianna; Timbangen Sembiring; Marhaposan Situmorang; Candra Kurniawan; Eko Arief Setiadi; Anggito P Tetuko; Silviana Simbolon; Masno Ginting; Perdamean Sebayang
Jurnal Natural Volume 18, Number 2, June 2018
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24815/jn.v18i2.11163

Abstract

Iron sand is one of the natural resources in West Sumatra that has not been optimally utilized. One of the potential locations to get this iron sand deposits is the coast of Kata. This study aims to analyze the content and size of the iron grains found on the coast of Kata Padang Beach, West Sumatera Province. Coastal sand samples are extracted using permanent magnets to separate magnetic and non-magnetic materials. Characterization of iron sand using Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX) and Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM). The result of characterization using SEM-EDX shows that iron sand samples contain Fe and O elements derived from Phase Magnetite (Fe3O4).  Keywords: iron sand, magnetic materials, SEM-EDX, VSM

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