Jurnal Teknik Kimia dan Lingkungan
JTKL editors welcome manuscripts in the form of research articles, literature review, or case reports that have not been accepted for publication or even published in other scientific journals. Articles published in cover key areas in the development of chemical and environmental engineering sciences, such as: Energy Waste treatment Unit operation Thermodynamic Process simulation Development and application of new material Chemical engineering reaction Biochemical Biomass Corrosion technology The "JURNAL TEKNIK KIMIA DAN LINGKUNGAN" journal is a peer-reviewed Open Access scientific journal published by Politeknik Negeri Malang. This journal first appeared in October 2017. The main purpose of the journal was to support publication of the results of scientific and research activities in the field of Chemical and Environmental Engineering. It is published twice a year in April and October.
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<![CDATA[Planning Advanced Treatment of Tap Water Consumption in Universitas Pertamina ]]>
<![CDATA[Hafizha Hasnaningrum]]>;
<![CDATA[Betanti Ridhosari]]>;
<![CDATA[I Wayan Koko Suryawan]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Teknik Kimia dan Lingkungan Vol. 5 No. 1 (2021): April 2021 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Politeknik Negeri Malang ]]>
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DOI: 10.33795/jtkl.v5i1.177
<![CDATA[The wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in Universitas Pertamina’s area is operating very well. The existence of a green campus program with a wastewater recycling indicator has become one of the challenges. Improving the WWTP effluent quality by adding an advanced treatment unit. This study aims to design advanced processing units and estimate the effluent yields and required costs. This study was conducted by conducting a field survey, collecting water quality data, and literature study. With planning discharge (Qpeak) of 8.45 m3 /hour, the land area required for the addition of advanced treatment is 105.85 m2 . Advanced treatment consists of 1 unit of Equalization Tank, 2 units of slow sand filter, 1 unit of sand washer, 2 units of microfiltration membrane, 1 disinfection body, and 2 reservoir units. These units it is expected to make effluent quality meets the drinking water quality standards with a TSS value of 0 mg/L, Ammonia (NH3-N) 0.35 mg/L, Organic Substances (KmnO4) 0.513 mg/L, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) 23 mg/L, and Total Coliform 0 Total/100 ml of sample. The total cost needed to build an advance treatment for tap water consumption is Rp 374,727,334.]]>
<![CDATA[Pengaruh Gelombang Ultrasonik pada Pembuatan Sabun Transparan dari Minyak Kelapa (Cocos nucifera) dan Minyak Ayam (Gallus domesticus) ]]>
<![CDATA[Aman Santoso]]>;
<![CDATA[Rohman Fantusi]]>;
<![CDATA[Siti Marfu’ah]]>;
<![CDATA[Sumari Sumari]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Teknik Kimia dan Lingkungan Vol. 5 No. 1 (2021): April 2021 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Politeknik Negeri Malang ]]>
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DOI: 10.33795/jtkl.v5i1.175
<![CDATA[Transparent soap is synthesized from vegetable oils with alkaline bases through the saponification reaction with the addition of a transparent agent. The different material characteristics of coconut oil (Cocos nucifera) and chicken oil (Gallus domesticus) have the potential to produce unique transparent soap. Ultrasonic wave cavitation homogenizes the mixture and accelerates the reaction rate. The purpose of this research is to synthesize transparent soap from coconut oil and chicken oil and compared the soap produced using ultrasonic waves and with soap from the heating method. This experimental laboratory research was carried out with the stages of preparation and characterization of coconut oil and chicken oil, followed by saponification of coconut oil and chicken oil accompanied by ultrasonic waves. Characterization of the synthesized transparent soap. The results in this study indicate that soaps made from coconut oil are more transparent than those made from chicken oil, and soaps made with ultrasonic waves are more transparent than those made by normal heating. The ultrasonic transparent soap character of coconut oil has a moisture content of 22.02%, the non-saponified fraction 1.01%, insoluble part of alcohol by 1.79%, free alkaline by 0.04%, pH 9.35, and this is in accordance with SNI for soap except for its water content. Meanwhile, ultrasonic soap from chicken oil has a moisture content of 23.26%, non-saponified fraction 5.57%, the insoluble portion of alcohol was 4.69%, free alkaline 0.12%, pH 9.60, this is not in accordance with SNI soap. The soap produced by the ultrasonic method with coconut oil has the best character and has the most compatibility with SNI for solid soap.]]>
<![CDATA[Perbandingan Karakteristik Plastik Biodegradable dari Biji Durian menggunakan Filler Kalsium Silikat dan Kalsium Karbonat ]]>
<![CDATA[S. Sigit Udjiana]]>;
<![CDATA[Sigit Hadiantoro]]>;
<![CDATA[Noor Isnaini Azkiya]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Teknik Kimia dan Lingkungan Vol. 5 No. 1 (2021): April 2021 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Politeknik Negeri Malang ]]>
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DOI: 10.33795/jtkl.v5i1.197
<![CDATA[In this study, durian seeds were used as a source of starch in making biodegradable plastics. This study aims to determine the effect of the type and amount of filler on biodegradable properties, mechanical properties, and water absorption properties of biodegradable plastics based on durian fruit starch. The plasticizer used in this study was sorbitol 40%, while the filler used was Calcium silicate (Ca2SiO4) and Calcium carbonate (CaCO3) with variable concentrations of 2%, 4%, 6%, and 8%. From the research results, the% yield of durian seed starch was 34.57%. The results of the best biodegradable plastic with the characteristics of transparent, no bubbles, flexible and smooth surface were obtained with the addition of 4% calcium carbonate filler variables. The bio-degradation test results closest to the ASTM D6400 standard were obtained in the 2% calcium carbonate variable. In the water absorption test, the best results were achieved at the 8% calcium silicate variable. The best tensile test results were obtained in the 6% calcium silicate variable.]]>
<![CDATA[Pengaruh Jenis Komposter dan Waktu Pengomposan terhadap Pembuatan Pupuk Kompos dari Activated Sludge Limbah Industri Bioetanol ]]>
<![CDATA[Wianthi Septia Witasari]]>;
<![CDATA[Khalimatus Sa'diyah]]>;
<![CDATA[Mohammad Hidayatulloh]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Teknik Kimia dan Lingkungan Vol. 5 No. 1 (2021): April 2021 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Politeknik Negeri Malang ]]>
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DOI: 10.33795/jtkl.v5i1.209
<![CDATA[Side product of the waste water treatment plant in the bioethanol industry produces solid waste in the form of activated sludge.This waste can cause problems if not handled properly. Among them are reducing the nutrient content in the soil and polluting clean water sources when they enter river bodies. Activated sludge waste from the anaerobic biodigester process in the bioethanol industry can be used as organic fertilizer by composting. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of composter design and composting time in making compost from activated sludge of bioethanol industrial waste on the content of compost produced. In composting process used an EM4 as bioactivator. The composter design used is an aerated composter and a non-aerated composter. The composting time used is blank, week 1, week 2, week 3 and week 4. From the analysis, it was found that the physical characteristics of compost were temperature, pH, humidity, C organic, total N, total P, total K, and theC / N ratio according to SNI 19-7030-2004. The use of aerated and non aerated design composters produces quality compost that meets SNI 19-7030-2004. The longer composting time will provide better quality compost.]]>
<![CDATA[Struvite Crystallization for Ammonium Removal from Cow Urine with Bulkhead Reactor ]]>
<![CDATA[Luluk Edahwati]]>;
<![CDATA[Sutiyono]]>;
<![CDATA[Fauziah Hilda Alvira]]>;
<![CDATA[Rizqi Rendri Anggriawan]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Teknik Kimia dan Lingkungan Vol. 5 No. 1 (2021): April 2021 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Politeknik Negeri Malang ]]>
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DOI: 10.33795/jtkl.v5i1.202
<![CDATA[The presence of ammonium content in cow urine waste damages the aquatic ecosystem due to its toxicity. Ammonium content can be reduced by removing it through struvite crystallization. In this study, struvite (MgNH4PO4.6H2O) was formed from the reaction of magnesium, ammonium, and phosphate compounds using a bulkhead reactor. The rate of air moving the solution in the reactor causes ammonium to react with reactants to form struvite. This research was conducted with M : A : P (magnesium ammonium phosphate) molar ratio solution is 3 : 1 : 1 and 0,4 L/min air flow rate with MAP flow rate variation of 8,8; 11; 14,67; 22; 44 ml/min and a temperature variation of 25, 35, 45, 55, 65 ̊C to decrease ammonium content. The faster the MAP flow rate, thelower the ammonium removal efficiency. The efficiency of ammonium removal will increase with increasing temperature. The best results obtained in this study were ammonium removal in the waste of 77.97%. The result of x-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) is the crystals tested was a struvite with elongated or rod shape. EDAX analysis gave the percentage of components in struvite, namely 14.28% Mg, 10.68% N, and 18.19% P.]]>
<![CDATA[Penggunaan Tanah Vertisol Sebagai Bahan Baku Pembuatan Silika ]]>
<![CDATA[Medya Ayunda Fitri]]>;
<![CDATA[Farikha Alfi Syahriyah]]>;
<![CDATA[Yulia Tri Rahkadima]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Teknik Kimia dan Lingkungan Vol. 5 No. 1 (2021): April 2021 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Politeknik Negeri Malang ]]>
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DOI: 10.33795/jtkl.v5i1.212
<![CDATA[Silica is widely used in industry. The aim of this study was to determine the silica content in vertisol soil in Bringinbendo village. This research was started by soaking the soil in aquadest, then washed 3 times and dried it at 110 ° C for 24 hours. Furthermore, smoothed to 250 mesh size. The second stage is the synthesis of silica using the alkaline extraction method and the treatment of acids. 20 grams of soil powder were extracted in 100 ml NaOH (3, 5, dan 7M) while stirring and heated at 80 ° C. Next, 250 ml of aquadest was added and filtered using Whatman paper. The filtrate was titrated with 5M HCl while stirring until the pH reached 7. The suspension was maintained at room temperature for 24 hours, filtered, and 5 times with aquadest then dried. The results of the mass study were that the greatest silica was found in 7M NaOH concentration at 1 hour, namely 2.59 grams and vertisol soil in Bringinbendo Village had silica content in the medium category with a proportion of 77.7%.]]>
<![CDATA[Sintesis Nanofiber PVP dengan Ekstrak Basella rubra Linn. Menggunakan Metode Elektrospinning ]]>
<![CDATA[Wulandari Kusuma Dewi]]>;
<![CDATA[Defi Nur Indahsari]]>;
<![CDATA[Okky Putri Prastuti]]>;
<![CDATA[Eka Lutfi Septiani]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Teknik Kimia dan Lingkungan Vol. 5 No. 1 (2021): April 2021 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Politeknik Negeri Malang ]]>
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DOI: 10.33795/jtkl.v5i1.203
<![CDATA[An alternative wound dressing based on nanofiber mats have been developed recently. The antioxidant and antibacterial activity play an important role in wound healing process. This study aims to combine the properties of Bassela rubra Linn. (EBRL) extract into polivynil pyrrolidone (PVP) nanofibers using the electrospinning method. The first step is to weigh 8 grams of basella rubra linn and wrap it in filter paper. Then extracted using 99% ethanol as a solvent at a temperature of ± 78 oC. The next step is to make nanofibers using the electrospinning method by weighing 8% wt of PVP (Polyvinyl pyrrolidone). Basella rubra linn extract as much as 2% wt, 5% wt and 8% wt in the solution into a syringe. Then assistance with the flow rate of 1 mL / hour, the distance between the spineret and the collector is 10 cm, coating the collector with aluminum foil, and providing 12kV voltage assistance. In the application of nanofibers with EBRL, a certain fiber size is required, so in this study, we observed the impact of EBRL on its diameter and distribution. This method begins by injecting PVP and EBRL solutions of various compositions into the collector in a set of electrospinning devices. The morphology of the nanoparticles was analyzed using the Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) method. Differences in the composition of EBRL provide different diameter and diameter distribution. This can be constructed by the Taylor Cone form of the solution that is injected.]]>
<![CDATA[Kajian Karakteristik dan Energi pada Pirolisis Limbah Plastik Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE) ]]>
<![CDATA[Novarini]]>;
<![CDATA[Sigit Kurniawan]]>;
<![CDATA[Rusdianasari]]>;
<![CDATA[Yohandri Bow]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Teknik Kimia dan Lingkungan Vol. 5 No. 1 (2021): April 2021 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Politeknik Negeri Malang ]]>
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DOI: 10.33795/jtkl.v5i1.190
<![CDATA[Low-Density Poly Ethylene (LDPE), plastic waste cannot be broken down by microorganisms in the soil, has no sale value, so it is buried in the final waste disposal site. One of the plastic waste treatment methods is the pyrolysis process. The purpose of this study was to determine the type of fuel oil from pyrolysis products and to determine the energy efficiency produced against the highest fuel use. The pyrolysis equipment used is 1 reactor unit and 1 condenser unit. The characteristics of the fuel oil product analyzed are the cetane index, density, sulfur content, kinematic viscosity, flash point, and caloric value of the pyrolysis process which varies the combustion temperature in the reactor by 200°C, 250°C, 300°C and the process in the reactor, with and without the use of natural zeolite catalysts 1% against 2.5 kg of LDPE plastic waste for 6 hours. After the type of fuel produced is identified, an energy efficiency assessment of the fuel product is carried out on the use of fuel in the pyrolysis process. The results analysis show that the all product of fuel oil is a kerosene-type of fuel. The highest efficiency of 72.51% is the kerosene produced in pyrolysis using a catalyst at a temperature of 250°C with an energy value ratio of 20,402 kcal for kerosene from pyrolysis of LDPE plastic waste and 28,137 kcal for the use of Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) fuel in the pyrolysis process. Pyrolysis using a 1% zeolite catalyst at 250°C has proven to be an efficient and sustainable way to treat LDPE waste into kerosene fuel.]]>
<![CDATA[Encapsulation of Clove Oil within Ca-Alginate-Gelatine Complex: Effect of Process Variables on Encapsulation Efficiency ]]>
<![CDATA[Agung Ari Wibowo]]>;
<![CDATA[Ade Sonya Suryandari]]>;
<![CDATA[Eko Naryono]]>;
<![CDATA[Vania Mitha Pratiwi]]>;
<![CDATA[Muhammad Suharto]]>;
<![CDATA[Naila Adiba]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Teknik Kimia dan Lingkungan Vol. 5 No. 1 (2021): April 2021 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Politeknik Negeri Malang ]]>
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DOI: 10.33795/jtkl.v5i1.214
<![CDATA[Owing to the properties such as analgesic, clove oil is commonly used as medicine, antibacterial, antioxidant, and antimicrobial drugs. The possibility of clove oil encapsulation as a solid macrocapsule was studied by making Ca-Alginate-Gelatine macrocapsules. The process variables used were variations in Alginate concentration of 1% and 1.5% w/v, and the mass ratio between alginate-gelatine was varied between 1: 4, 1: 6, and 1: 8 w/w. In addition, variations in the concentration of CaCl2 (10%, 20% and 30% w/v) as a cross-linking agent for the formation of Ca-Alginate complexes were also used as process variables. The increase of alginate, gelatine and CaCl2 concentration seems to decreased the encapsulation efficiency because of the limitation of the free space volume formed in the Ca-Alginate-Gelatine matrix. The highest encapsulation efficiency (93.08%) was obtained in the use of Alginate 1% w/v, with a ratio of alginate to gelatine 1: 4 and cross-linking in a 10% w/v CaCl2 solution for 15 minutes.]]>
<![CDATA[Pemanfaatan Precipitated Calcium Carbonat dari Batu Kapur dalam Pembuatan β- TCP sebagai Bahan Dasar Implan Tulang ]]>
<![CDATA[Noor Isnaini Azkiya]]>;
<![CDATA[Fanny Prasetia]]>;
<![CDATA[Rosita Dwi Chrisnandari]]>;
<![CDATA[Wianthi Septia Witasari]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Teknik Kimia dan Lingkungan Vol. 5 No. 1 (2021): April 2021 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Politeknik Negeri Malang ]]>
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DOI: 10.33795/jtkl.v5i1.208
<![CDATA[One of the biocompatible materials that are often used as a basic materials for bone and dental implants is tricalcium phosphate. This material can be produced from precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC) limestone because it has a very high calcium content. The method used to synthesize tricalcium phosphate was deposition of CaO and H3PO4 precursors in ethanol media. The results of the synthesis was characterized using FT-IR instruments, AAS, UV-Vis spectroscopy, and XRD. Based on the results of the UV-Vis spectroscopic analysis, the Ca/P ratio of the synthesis results obtained was 1.87. FT-IR test showed the presence of a Ca-O group at wave number 1400 cm-1 and PO43- group at wave numbers 561 cm-1 and 1041 cm-1. XRD test showed highest peaks of β-TCP (tricalcium phosphate) according to JCPDS no. 09-0169.]]>
