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Manilkara: Journal of Bioscience

manilkara
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Published by Universitas Terbuka

ISSN : - EISSN : 29640164 DOI : https://doi.org/10.33830/manilkara

Core Subject : Health, Science, Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Veterinary

MANILKARA: Journal of Bioscience is designed to share research articles from academics, researchers, practitioners, and students on research in various aspects of biology and its applications. Papers for publication in this journal are selected through proper peer-review to ensure quality, originality, suitability, and legibility. This journal covers various disciplines in biology (microbiology, genetics, biochemistry, physiology, ecology, taxonomy, structure and development of animals/plants, and evolution); Biotechnology; and applied science in solving problems in the fields of biology (biomedical, agricultural, industrial, ethnobiological, and environmental). The journal is published biannually on February and August.

Arjuna Subject : Umum - Umum

Articles 14 Documents

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Modifikasi Metode Preparasi Pewarnaan Akar untuk Deteksi dan Visualisasi Pembentukan Koloni Fungi Mikoriza Arbuskula (FMA) Susan Irmayanti; Inggit Winarni
MANILKARA: Journal of Bioscience Vol 1 No 1 (2022): August
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Terbuka

The root staining method was used to detect the presence of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) and to calculate the colonization of the AMF in the roots. Optimal root staining methods not only help in the study of plant-associated mycorrhizae, but also save time and money. Root staining aims to clarify and sharpen the picture of AMF associated with plants on the roots, making it easier to observe with a light microscope. This study aims to obtain an effective (fast, safe, and economical) and flexible method of preparation of root staining so that the visualization of AMF on roots becomes clear and contrasting. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative which includes the cleanliness of the roots from cell contents, root texture, and color contrast, which consists of three treatments, namely P1 (control) using 10% KOH with 90°C heating and followed by the modified Philips & Hayman staining procedure (1970), P2 using 5% KOH by heating at 90°C followed by the modified Philips & Hayman (1970) procedure using 1% HCl, and P3 using 5% KOH heating at 90°C then stained followed the staining method of Philips & Hayman (1970) which was modified by the use of commercial vinegar as a substitute for HCl. All treatments used Trypan Blue dye. The results showed that the P2 and P3 treatments showed results that were not different from P1, the state of the roots is clean enough thereby detection and visualization of AMF could still be observed properly. The P3 treatment method with heating for 9 minutes can be an alternative method that is effective (fast, safe, economical) and flexible. It faster than common method because it takes 9 minutes for cleaning root cells, relatively safe with the use of commercial vinegar solution to replace HCl solution, and economical because it can reduce the need for KOH material up to 50%.

Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanolik Daun Jeruk (Citrus nobilis, Citrus sinensis, dan Citrus maxima) Terhadap Bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dan Pseudomonas aeruginosa Ifandari; einstivina nuryandani
MANILKARA: Journal of Bioscience Vol 1 No 1 (2022): August
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Terbuka

Some bacteria that live on body surfaces such as Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa can be pathogenic to human. These bacteria are known to be resistant to certain antibiotics. Therefore, it is necessary to develop other alternative materials as safe antibacterial agents. One of the natural ingredients that have potential as antibacterial is citrus leaf. The aim of this study was to determine the inhibitory power of citrus leaf extracts from three types of citruses (Citrus nobilis, Citrus sinensis, and Citrus maxima) against the growth of S. aureus and P. aeruginosa bacteria. This study used the paper disk diffusion method with a percentage of 12.5%, 25%, and 50% of the extract dissolved in 2% carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC). The negative control used 2% CMC, while the positive control used the antibiotic ciprofloxacin. The results showed that the antibacterial activity of the three extracts was significantly different from the negative control, but the activity between the three types of citrus leaf extract was not significantly different. C. nobilis leaf extract with a concentration of 50% had antibacterial activity to Staphylococcus aureus relatively higher than the other two citrus leaf extracts, while in P. aeruginosa, the antibacterial activity of C. maxima leaf extract was relatively higher than other citrus leaf extracts. These results indicated that citrus leaves extracts from C. nobilis, C. sinensis, and C. maxima had inhibitory effects on S. aureus and P. aeruginosa growth.

Keanekaragaman Makrozoobentos Sebagai Bioindikator di Perairan Lentik Kawasan Rawa Jombor Klaten Jawa Tengah Sandhie Budi Himawan; Yuni Tri Hewindati
MANILKARA: Journal of Bioscience Vol 1 No 1 (2022): August
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Terbuka

Organisms that live permanently on the bottom of lentic or still waters, such as macrozoobenthos, are very susceptible to changes in water quality that can have an impact on their composition and abundance. Because of their tolerance to environmental changes, these organisms are often used as an indicator in physical and chemical changes in the aquatic environment. Rawa Jombor or Jombor swamp is a lentic freshwater in Krakitan Village, Bayat District, Klaten, Central Java. In addition to tourism, the surrounding community uses Rawa Jombor in their daily activities for floating market and fish cages. The existence of these various activities can produce waste and garbage which then settles to the bottom of the waters and has an impact on reducing water quality. This study aims to examine the diversity and distribution of macrozoobenthos. Water quality was measured by taking samples at three locations, namely station I (littoral zone), station II (limnetic zone), and station III (benthic zone). Sampling at each station used a Van Veen grab sediment sampler. The Macrozoobenthos Diversity Index was determined using the Shannon & Wiener formula. The diversity index values for stations I, II, and III are 1.579; 1.566; and 1.785, respectively, with moderate levels of community diversity. 14 types of macrozoobenthos were identified, of which Tubifex tubifex was the most abundant species in station 1 and station 2. Meanwhile at station 3 is dominated by Anentome Helena. Based on the analysis of organism diversity and the results of water quality inspection in our study, it shows that the water quality in the Jombor swamp is classified as moderately polluted.

Potensi Ekosistem Terumbu Karang di Taman Wisata Perairan Gili Sulat dan Gili Lawang Lombok Timur Lalu Ainul Akhyar; Budi Prasetyo
MANILKARA: Journal of Bioscience Vol 1 No 1 (2022): August
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Terbuka

Coral reefs are one of the ecosystems that play an important role in coastal areas but are vulnerable to change. Ecologically, coral reefs act as habitats for various kinds of reef fish, in addition to functioning as beach protectors from the crashing waves of currents as well as a source of germplasm. The diversity of coral genera and other biota is one of the important indicators in supporting the sustainability of water tourism activities, especially snorkeling and diving. Areas that have relatively high diversity of coral reefs have more resilience in their role in protecting coastal areas so that their existence needs to be maintained in order to avoid extinction. This study aims to identify the names of coral genera and measure the percentage of coral cover in the Gili Sulat and Gili Lawang Water Tourism Parks (WTP). The method used in this research is the Point Intercept Transect (PIT) method and the Time Swim method. The results showed that 10 genera had been identified, namely the genus Acropora, Euphyllia, Fungia, Galaxea, Lobophyllia, Montastrea, Montipora, Pachyseris, Plerogyra, and Porites. The largest coral genera were Porites and Acropora which were spread on transects 1 and 7. The average coverage of the two corals was 32.34% in Gili Sulat and 39.64% in Gili Lawang.

Variabilitas Morfologi Jagung di Kecamatan Ciseeng, Kabupaten Bogor dan Kecamatan Setu, Kota Tangerang Selatan Diki; Susi Sulistiana; Arif Cahyani Ilyas
MANILKARA: Journal of Bioscience Vol 1 No 1 (2022): August
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Terbuka

Penelitian ini mengukur dan membandingkan variabilitas morfologi dari dua populasi jagung varietas Golden di Kabupaten Bogor dan Kota Tangerang Selatan dengan mengukur parameter morfologi tanaman jagung yaitu: jumlah tongkol panen, tinggi tanaman, tinggi letak tongkol, panjang tongkol, diameter tongkol, kadar air saat panen dan bobot kering 100 biji. Pupuk yang digunakan berbeda, untuk tanaman jagung di lokasi kota Tangerang Selatan menggunakan pupuk organik yaitu pupuk kandang kambing, sedangkan lokasi kabupaten Bogor menggunakan pupuk anorganik yaitu pupuk urea, TSP, KCl (NPK). Untuk menganalisis data variabilitas menggunakan Anova. Berdasarkan hasil pengamatan, bahwa secara umum terdapat perbedaan dalam morfologi jagung diantara kedua lokasi tersebut. Morfologi jagung di lokasi kota Tangerang Selatan dengan kabupaten Bogor berbeda terutama dalam hal, variabel tinggi tongkol, diameter tongkol, bobot 100 biji, bobot tongkol, dan kadar air. Perbedaan hasil tersebut diduga karena penggunaan pupuk yang berbeda.

Antibacterial Activity of Ethanolic Extract Siwak Stem (Salvadora persica) Against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 Nisa’ Nur Sholikhah; Andang Arif Wibawa; Rizal Maarif Rukmana
MANILKARA: Journal of Bioscience Vol 1 No 2 (2023): Februari
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Terbuka

Infection is caused by bacteria, one of which is Staphylococcus aureus. Infectious treatment can use Siwak as natural plants (Salvadora persica), namely Siwak plants. Salvadora persica contains Saponins, Alkaloids, Tanins, and Fenols. This study is to know the antibacterial activity of Salvadora persica stems against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 growth. Extraction method using maceration with ethanol as a solvent. The group of extract compounds was identified using various chemical reagents. Salvadora persica stem extract was made in various concentrations of 6,25%, 12,5%, 25%, and 50% by using dimethyl sulfoxide 2% (DMSO) as thinner. Chlorhexidine 0,2% was a positive control, and DMSO 2% was a negative control. Antibacterial activity test was obtained by diffusion method. Analysis data used way ANOVA test. The results ethanolic extract of the siwak stem contains a class of compounds: saponins, alkaloids, tannins, and phenols. The result showed that Salvadora persica stem extracts antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923. Antibacterial activity test against Staphylococcus aureus from laboratory culture showed an average of largest inhibition zone diameter on 50% concentration with 20,5 mm diameter and smallest inhibition zone at 6,25% concentration with 14 mm diameter.

Dampak Lama Penyimpanan Arsip Sampel Formalin-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded (FFPE) dengan Konsentrasi Ribonucleid acid (RNA) yang Diekstraksi Menggunakan Kit Komersial Nur Eka Wiraditya
MANILKARA: Journal of Bioscience Vol 1 No 2 (2023): Februari
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Terbuka

Formalin fixation and paraffin embedding (FFPE) is one method of storing sample records over many years. Sample storage over a long period of time allows for a decrease in RNA quality in the sample. This study determines the difference in RNA concentrations in the 2019 and 2020 sample archives with ng/L units. The sample details are 10 (ten) samples in 2019 and 10 (ten) samples in 2020. This research was conducted in 2021 at the Anatomic Pathology laboratory of FK-KMK UGM. This study shows a significant impact on the archival storage of FFPE samples shown by a decrease in RNA concentration between 2019 and 2020 with an average concentration difference of 12.3 ng/L.

Efektivitas Lama Perendaman Benih Padi dalam Kultur Mikroorganisme Lokal (MOL) Bonggol Pisang Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Padi Argadatta Sigit; Rosdiana; Dameria
MANILKARA: Journal of Bioscience Vol 1 No 2 (2023): Februari
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Terbuka

The need for rice from year to year continues to increase due to the growing population of Indonesia, but this is not balanced with sufficient rice production. This is what makes it difficult for Indonesia to be self-sufficient in food so that efforts are needed to increase rice production nationally so that domestic rice needs are met. This panel aims to see the effectiveness of long soaking of rice seeds in MOL banana weevil on vegetative growth and yield of Ciherang variety rice plants. The research was conducted in November 2021 – March 2022 on open land of BPP Caringin, Legok District, Tangerang Regency. The study was conducted using the Randomized Complete Group Design (RKLT) method consisting of 5 treatments, namely control (without soaking MOL banana weevil), soaking rice seeds for 6 hours, 12 hours, 18 hours, and soaking for 24 hours. Each treatment was repeated 5 times so that there were 25 experimental units. Each experimental unit consists of three plants, the number of plants to be studied is 75 plants. Soaking seeds in MOL banana weevil for 24 hours gives the best results for the growth and production of Ciherang rice plants.

Relationship Between Bird Communities and Environmental Changes in Tandung Village, Tinambung District, Polewali Mandar Regency, West Sulawesi Province Alexander Kurniawan Sariyanto Putera; Phika Ainnadya Hasan; Muhammad Rizaldi Trias Jaya Putra Nurdin
MANILKARA: Journal of Bioscience Vol 1 No 2 (2023): Februari
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Terbuka

Indonesia's coastal region is known for its richness and diverse natural resources. However, the region is experiencing a transformation from mangrove ecosystems to the traditional pond cultures. This was happening in West Sulawesi that could damage the ecosystem in the long term, especially for the bird community. This study aims to inventory bird species in the bird community on the coast of Tandung Village, Tinambung District, Polewali Mandar Regency, West Sulawesi Province. In addition, we also study the bird community structure, find out the correlation among the bird communities, and the environmental condition during the inventory. In this study, we used a fixed-radius point count method to record birds. Field guide titled Burung-burung Pulau Paparan Sunda dan Wallacea di Kepulauan Indonesia was used to identify the species of observed birds. The results showed that of the 27 species recorded, there are 5 species with a high relative abundance, such as Egretta garzetta, Himantopus leucocephalus, Actitis hypoleucos, Ardeola speciosa, and Calidris ruficollis. Only H. leucocephalus is identified as a protected bird by the Indonesian government, while Calidris ruficollis is protected internationally as its conservational status (Near Threatened). The diversity index is moderate level, but it is decreasing day by day of observation, followed by the dominance index, evenness, and species richness. A high correlation between the two bird communities with two adjacent days of observation indicates similarity composition of community structure with different temporal scales and similar spatial scales. The map of environmental conditions shows changing weather in the period of observation sequentially from bright sky to cloudy and heavy rain and back to the normal bright sky at the last period of observation. The response of the bird community to the condition was by flying away when the weather is cloudy and rainy so that may decrease the diversity.

Keragaman Spesies Satwa Liar Berbasis Bidikan Kamera Jebak (Camera Trap) di Cagar Alam Pulau Sempu, Kab. Malang, Jawa Timur Mohamad Sukron Makmum
MANILKARA: Journal of Bioscience Vol 1 No 2 (2023): Februari
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Terbuka

Concerns and vulnerability to the occurrence of damage to ecosystems in the Sempu Island Nature Reserve (CAPS), Malang Regency by human activities can have an impact on the survival of life and the decline of wildlife populations. The study aimed to calculate species richness and frequency of wildlife species encounters using camera traps in the CAPS area. The methodology uses the calculation of digital photographic recording evidence of camera traps. Wildlife caught on camera traps is calculated based on the number of photographs, the number of species, and the number of days the camera is active. The results showed a wealth of wildlife identified as many as 15 species, namely Muntiacus muntjak (Cervidae), Macaca fascicularis (Cercopithecidae), Paradoxurus hermaprodithus (Viverridae), Callosciurus notatus (Sciuridae), Tragulus javanicus (Tragulidae), Hystrix javanica (Hystricidae), Trachypithecus auratus (Cercopithecidae), Sus scrofa (Suidae), Prionodon linsang (Prionodontidae), Varanus nebulosus (Varanidae), Gallus gallus (Phasianidae), Chalcophaps indica (Columbidae), Spilornis cheela (Accipitridae), Hydrornis guajanus (Pittidae) and Varanus salvator (Varanidae). The results of calculating the frequency of wildlife encounters vary relatively from high to low values, but of the 15 species recorded the highest gains, Muntiacus muntjak (ER 11.17 photos / day) and Macaca fascicularis (ER 10 photos / day).

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Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat UNIVERSITAS TERBUKA Tangerang Selatan, 15437, Indonesia Telp: (62 21) 7490941 - Ext. 1809, 1810, dan 1811 E-Mail: manilkarajournal@ecampus.ut.ac.id

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Banten

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Home Page

OAI Link

Editorial Team

Contact

Reviewer

Google Scholar

Contact Name Yuni Tri Hewindati

Contact Email manilkarajournal@ecampus.ut.ac.id

Phone +6281510797989

Journal Mail Official manilkarajournal@ecampus.ut.ac.id

Editorial Address Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat UNIVERSITAS TERBUKA Tangerang Selatan, 15437, Indonesia Telp: (62 21) 7490941 - Ext. 1809, 1810, dan 1811 E-Mail: manilkarajournal@ecampus.ut.ac.id

Location Kota tangerang selatan, Banten INDONESIA

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Contact Name
Yuni Tri Hewindati

Contact Email
manilkarajournal@ecampus.ut.ac.id

Phone
+6281510797989

Journal Mail Official
manilkarajournal@ecampus.ut.ac.id

Editorial Address
Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat UNIVERSITAS TERBUKA Tangerang Selatan, 15437, Indonesia Telp: (62 21) 7490941 - Ext. 1809, 1810, dan 1811 E-Mail: manilkarajournal@ecampus.ut.ac.id

Location
Kota tangerang selatan,

Banten

INDONESIA