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Tirtayasa Journal of International Law
Published by Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa
ISSN : 29618355     EISSN : 29618061     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.51825/tjil.v2i1
Core Subject : Humanities, Social,
Humanities Environmental Science Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences
Tirtayasa Journal of International Law (TJIL) is a national peer-reviewed journal particularly in the field of International Law. TJIL aims to publish high quality articles from academics, legal scholars, or practitioners at any level. TJIL creates a forum to exchange new ideas in International Law but not limited to : Public International Law, International Criminal Law, International Environmental law, International Humanitarian law, Human Right, International Law of the Sea, International Dispute Settlement, International Organizations Law, International Private Law. We invite experts, academics, practitioners, NGO activists, master and doctoral students, also legal observers to send their articles.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Hukum
Articles 24 Documents
 1   2   3 
IMPLEMENTASI TERHADAP MINAMATA CONVENTION ON MERCURY DI INDONESIA (Studi Kasus Mengenai Pencemaran Merkuri Dan Arsen Di Teluk Buyat) Ahmad Rayhan; Widya Ayu Pramesty
Tirtayasa Journal of International Law Vol 2, No 1 (2023): Tirtayasa Journal of International Law Vol. 2 No. 1 Edisi Juni 2023
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51825/tjil.v2i1.19111

Abstract

ABSTRACT:The increasingly advanced industrial sector in Indonesia makes several things including the environment negatively affected. The destruction of nature by human activities is caused by over-exploration and exploitation activities. The negative impact that is usually caused by the mining sector for the surrounding environment is the occurrence of water pollution by heavy metals, especially Mercury. In this case, there is an International convention that regulates Mercury, namely the Minamata Convention on Mercury. Pollution of Buyat Bay by Mercury and Arsenic is caused by mining activities from PT. Newmont Minahasa Raya which started in 1996 using normative method research methods. This normative or literature research examines the study of relevant documents in writing this scientific paper to find out the 2013 Minamata Convention agreement and its implementation in the case of mercury and arsenic pollution in Buyat Bay. The United Nations Environmental Programme (UNEP) conducted a study in 2001 on mercury and mercury compounds related to aspects of mercury health impacts, sources, transportation, circulation and trade, and mercury prevention and control technologies. UNEP concluded that an international effort is needed to reduce the risk of mercury impacts on human health and environmental safety. The Minamata Convention was signed by 92 countries of the world at a diplomatic conference in Minamata, Kumamoto Province, Japan on October 10, 2013. In the case of Buyat Bay pollution, the government concluded that, the gold mining company PT Newmont Minahasa Raya had polluted the environment in Buyat Bay, Minahasa, North Sulawesi. As a form of implementation because Indonesia ratified the Minamata Convention, Indonesia established a special Technical Team in mercury management. This technical team was created to compile and publish a National Action Plan (RAN) based on the annex to the Minamata Convention, namely the elimination of the use of mercury in gold processing.  Keywords : Minamata Convention, Mercury, Buyat Bay, Environmental Pollution. ABSTRAK:Semakin majunya sektor Industri di Indonesia membuat beberapa hal termasuk lingkungan terkena dampak negatifnya. Kerusakan alam oleh aktivitas manusia disebabkan oleh kegiatan eksplorasi dan eksploitasi yang berlebihan. Dampak negatif yang biasanya ditimbulkan dari sektor pertambangan bagi lingkungan sekitar adalah terjadinya pencemaran air oleh logam berat Terutama Merkuri. Dalam hal ini terdapat konvensi Internasional yang mengatur mengenai Merkuri yakni Minamata Convention on Mercury. Pencemaran Teluk Buyat oleh Merkuri dan Arsen disebabkan karena aktivitas pertambangan dari PT. Newmont Minahasa Raya yang dimulai sejak tahun 1996 dengan menggunakan metode penelitian metode normatif. Penelitian normatif atau kepustakaan ini mengkaji studi dokumen yang relevan dalam penulisan karya ilmiah ini untuk mengetahui perjanjian Minamata Convention 2013 dan implementasinya dalam kasus pencemaran Merkuri dan Arsen di Teluk Buyat. United Nations Environmental Programme (UNEP) melakukan sebuah kajian pada tahun 2001 mengenai Merkuri dan senyawa Merkuri terkait dengan aspek dampak kesehatan, sumber, transportasi, peredaran dan perdagangan merkuri, serta teknologi pencegahan dan pengendalian merkuri. UNEP berdasarkan kajian tersebut menyimpulkan bahwasanya diperlukan suatu upaya internasional untuk menurunkan resiko dari dampak yang ditimbulkan merkuri bagi kesehatan manusia dan keselamatan lingkungan hidup. Konvensi Minamata ini ditandatangani oleh 92 negara dunia pada diplomatic conference di Minamata, Provinsi Kumamoto, Jepang pada 10 Oktober 2013. Dalam kasus pencemaran Teluk Buyat Pemerintah menyimpulkan bahwa, perusahaan tambang emas PT Newmont Minahasa Raya telah mencemari lingkungan di Teluk Buyat, Minahasa, Sulawesi Utara. Sebagai bentuk pelaksanaan karena Indonesia meratifikasi Konvensi Minamata, Indonesia membentuk Tim Teknis khusus dalam pengelolaan Merkuri. Tim teknis ini dibuat untuk menyusun serta menerbitkan Rencana Aksi Nasional (RAN) yang berdasarkan lampiran dalam Konvensi Minamata yakni penghapusan penggunaan Merkuri pada pengolahan emas. Kata Kunci : Konvensi Minamata, Merkuri, Teluk Buyat, Pencemaran Lingkungan.
Kajian Yuridis Hukum Persaingan Usaha Terhadap Perkembangan Pasar Uang Elektronik Dalam Perkembangan Pasar Nasional dan Internasional Rahmi Yuniarti; Cheny Berlian
Tirtayasa Journal of International Law Vol 1, No 2 (2022): Tirtayasa Journal of International Law Vol. 1 No. 2 Edisi Desember 2022
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51825/tjil.v1i2.17437

Abstract

ABSTRACT        The linkage of business competition law to the electronic money business is also very important in dealing with developments in the national economy and global market which are constantly moving fast and competitive, so that in the future they can compete fairly to attract consumer interest. The approach method to be used is normative juridical. Regarding the general explanation in Bank Indonesia Regulation Number 20/6/PBI/2018 concerning Electronic Money which states the importance of strengthening regulations on the administration of electronic money, it is closely related to business competition law which is in line with the increasing development of digital-based industries so as to create unfair business competition. With regard to the operation of electronic money, it is connected with the authority of KPPU to conduct research on business activities and or actions of business actors that have the potential for monopolistic practices and or unfair business competition. Prevention of monopolistic practices and or unfair business competition can be interpreted as a form of effort to prevent this from happening, so that research can be used as a preventive measure in supervising the implementation of electronic money. Regarding competition in the implementation of the electronic money business, arrangements regarding foreign ownership, the composition of share ownership as stipulated in Bank Indonesia Regulation Number 20/6/PBI/2018 concerning Electronic Money, namely that at least 51% (fifty one percent) of the shares are owned by Indonesian citizens.; and/or Indonesian legal entities.ABSTRAKKeterkaitan hukum persaingan usaha pada bisnis uang elektronik juga sangat penting dalam menghadapi perkembangan perekonomian nasional dan pasar global yang senantiasa bergerak cepat, kompetitif, sehingga nantinya dapat bersaing dengan sehat untuk menarik minat konsumen. Metode pendekatan yang akan digunakan adalah yuridis normatif. Terkait penjelasan umum pada Peraturan Bank Indonesia Nomor 20/6/PBI/2018 tentang Uang Elektronik yang menyatakan pentingnya penguatan pengaturan terhadap penyelenggaraan uang elektronik, maka erat kaitannya dengan hukum persaingan usaha yang searah dengan meningkatnya perkembangan indusri berbasis digital sehingga dapat menciptakan persaingan usaha tidak sehat. Terkait dengan penyelenggaraan uang elektronik dihubungkan dengan kewenangan KPPU untuk melakukan penelitian terhadap kegiatan usaha dan atau tindakan pelaku usaha yang berpotensi akan terjadinya praktik monopoli dan atau persaingan usaha tidak sehat. Pencegahan terhadap praktik monopoli dan atau persaingan usaha tidak sehat dapat diartikan sebagai bentuk usaha untuk menghalangi terjadinya hal tersebut, sehingga penelitian tersebut dapat dijadikan upaya preventif dalam mengawasi penyelenggaraan uang elektronik. Terkait persaingan penyelenggaran bisnis uang elektronik pengaturan mengenai kepemilikan asing, Komposisi kepemilikan saham sebagaimana yang diatur pada Peraturan Bank Indonesia Nomor 20/6/PBI/2018 tentang Uang Elektronik, yaitu paling sedikit 51% (lima puluh satu persen) sahamnya dimiliki oleh warga negara Indonesia; dan/atau badan hukum Indonesia.
KONSEKUENSI HUKUM HAK REFERRAL DAN HAK DEFERRAL DEWAN KEAMANAN TERHADAP INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL COURT Ariesta Wibisono Anditya; Wahyu Adi Mudiparwanto
Tirtayasa Journal of International Law Vol 1, No 2 (2022): Tirtayasa Journal of International Law Vol. 1 No. 2 Edisi Desember 2022
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51825/tjil.v1i2.17763

Abstract

Peran Dewan Keamanan tercantum dalam Statuta Roma yang mana menjadi dasar hukum pembentukan Mahkamah Pidana Internasional. Kewenangan Dewan Keamanan yang diatur dalam Statuta Roma menyangkut perannya untuk memberi rujukan dan menghentikan penyelidikan atau penuntutan.  Secara umum, hak untuk menyerahkan (referral) dan hak untuk menghentikan penyelidikan atau penuntutan (deferral) yang dimiliki oleh Dewan Keamanan mengganggu independensi Mahkamah Pidana Internasional sebagai penegak hukum pidana internasional. Mahkamah Pidana Internasional sebagai entitas internasional berhak menentukan sendiri fungsinya sesuai yang diatur dalam Statuta Roma.Penegakan keadilan oleh Mahkamah Pidana Internasional secara formal dipengaruhi oleh Dewan Keamanan Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa atas dasar adanya Relationship Agreement. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian normatif dengan pendekatan historis, pendekatan teoritis dan pendekatan undang-undang. Undang-Undang dalam pengertian perjanjian internasional dan dokumen terkait. Kesimpulannya, hak referral memberikan keuntungan pada kemandirian Mahkamah Pidana Internasional karena tidak dapat dipaksakan oleh Dewan Keamanan, sedangkan hak deferral dapat mengganggu seketika Dewan Keamanan mengeluarkan resolusi. Deferral dapat diperpanjang sampai waktu yang tidak dibatasi.
Principle of Sovereign Equality and Non-Interference in the Internal Affairs of A State Kizito Cimanuka jean Luc
Tirtayasa Journal of International Law Vol 1, No 1 (2022): Tirtayasa Journal of International Law Vol. 1 No. 1 Edisi Juni 2022
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51825/tjil.v1i1.15772

Abstract

The principle of non-interference is one of the fundamental principles of international relations. It thus has a fundamental aspect.  But questions were raised about the legitimacy of humanitarian interference as an exception to the principle. Chapter VII of the San Francisco Charter already provides for an exception of interference in the event of a breach of international peace and security. That said, reflection will be made on the very principle of non-interference, which calls on other principles that are its presuppositions. Only then will a theoretical examination be made of the exceptions limiting the very scope of the principle of non-interference. We will be comfortable in affirming the existence of the principle of non-interference only if and only if certain principles have been acquired, such as the prohibition of the use of force, the self- determination of peoples, respect for territorial integrity, to name but a few. However, it will be inconvenient for us to discuss the presuppositions of the principle of non-interference before identifying the scope and scope of the concept and its basis.
COMPARISON OF JUVENILE JUSTICE SYSTEMS IN INDONESIA AND SOUTH KOREA Adelia Oktaviani; Satrio Fajar Romadhon; Muhammad Rusli Arafat
Tirtayasa Journal of International Law Vol 2, No 1 (2023): Tirtayasa Journal of International Law Vol. 2 No. 1 Edisi Juni 2023
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51825/tjil.v2i1.17774

Abstract

Juvenile growth is a period when children have a high level of curiosity which sometimes leads them to commit crimes that can cause a high number of juvenile crimes. Juvenile criminal cases in Indonesia in 2020 reached 6,146 cases obtained from the 2020 Supreme Court Annual Report and in South Korea reached 38,590 cases obtained from the South Korean Judicial Yearbook 2020. There is a juvenile justice system to resolve juvenile criminal cases. This judicial system aims to educate and protect the rights of Children in Conflict with the Law (ABH) for their future. The juvenile justice system is regulated in Law Number 11 of 2012 concerning the Juvenile Criminal Justice System (UU SPPA) and the Juvenile Act in South Korea. A comparison of the juvenile justice system in the two countries in fostering and protecting juveniles is an interesting matter to discuss by paying attention to the statistics on juvenile crime, the juvenile justice system, types of punishment, and the laws that force in both countries. With normative legal research methods, conclusions are drawn regarding the significant differences in the judicial systems of the two countries.
The Effectiveness of Implementation and Compliance with ICCPR in the Case of Violations of the Right to Life and the Right to be Free from Tortured in Syria Mentari Jastisia
Tirtayasa Journal of International Law Vol 1, No 2 (2022): Tirtayasa Journal of International Law Vol. 1 No. 2 Edisi Desember 2022
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51825/tjil.v1i2.17433

Abstract

ABSTRACT The case of Syria is closely related to the civil and political rights of its citizens, the Syrian Government has violated the civil and political rights of its citizens, namely the violation of the right to life and the right to be free from torture. But as a member of the United Nations, Syria has ratified the ICCPR on 21 April 1969. ICCPR basically contains provisions on restrictions on use Authority by the state's repressive apparatus. The approach method used in this research is normative juridical which focuses on research on applicable legal provisions, namely on How’s the Effectiveness of Implementation and Compliance with the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) in the Case of Violations of the Right to Life and the Right to be free from tortured in Syria. The specification of this research is descriptive analysis by showing the lack of legal protection in the field of Syrian immigrants and then conducting an analysis with various related legal sources. Syria as a member country of the ICCPR has carried out its obligations by sending periodic reports on cases of civil and political rights violations in Syria that are likely to experience delays. Syria has not yet ratified Optional Protocol I, so Syria can not be adapted by other ICCPR member states on the rights and politics in Syria, nor can there be any individual complaints by the Syrians against cases of civil and political rights. The author also concludes that in view of recent cases in Syria, it can be said that it violates the provisions of Article 6 & 7 ICCPR.Keywords; ICCPR; Right to Life; Rights to be Free; Syria
Konsepsi dan Pengaturan Kedaulatan Wilayah Udara Indonesia Dalam Aspek Hukum Nasional dan Internasional (Studi Kasus Pesawat Sipil Tanpa Izin dan Pesawat Tempur di Wilayah Zona Ekonomi Eksklusif Indonesia) Chandra Muliawan; Syofia Gayatri; Hendi Gusta Rianda
Tirtayasa Journal of International Law Vol 1, No 1 (2022): Tirtayasa Journal of International Law Vol. 1 No. 1 Edisi Juni 2022
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51825/tjil.v1i1.14550

Abstract

 ABSTRACT:This study aims to analyze the conceptions and regulations of national and international law regarding the sovereignty of airspace in Indonesia which several times threatens Indonesia's sovereignty internationally. The incident analyzed was a civil aircraft flight without a permit on October 22, 2014 and was outside the Indonesian Archipelago Sea Route in the Sulawesi area, then there was also a fighter plane thought to belong to the United States which carried out a maneuver in the Indonesian Exclusive Economic Zone on April 6, 2021 in west of the Natuna Islands. Research in this writing uses a normative juridical research method with a statutory approach (statute aptoach) which is then presented descriptively-analytically. The results of the analysis obtained are first, there is disharmony of laws and regulations related to action in airspace violations committed by foreign aircraft without permission between the Indonesian National Air Force and the Ministry of Transportation, and the non-aplication of sanctions as mandated by Law Number 1 of 2009 concerning Aviation and Government Regulation Number 14 of 2018 concerning Safeguarding the Airspace of the Republic of Indonesia, causing disparities in budgeting and implementation in maintaining territorial sovereignty in the air, secondly, theabsence of both national and international legal instruments that prohibit combat aircraft activities or military activities carried out by a countries in the territory of the Indonesian Exclusive Economic Zone, so the need for the government to issue policies in the form of regulations regarding the Indonesian Exclusive Economic Zone so that there is a ban on military activities in the Indonesian Exclusive Economic Zone, both in regions of Indonesia. water or air.Keywords: Conception, Regulation, Air Sovereignty, IndonesiaABSTRAK:Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis mengenai konsepsi dan peraturan hukum nasional maupun internasional mengenai kedaulatan wilayah udara di Indonesia yang beberapa kali mengancam kedaulatan Indonesia secara Internasional. Peristiwa yang dianalisis adalah penerbangan pesawat sipil tanpa izin pada 22 Oktober 2014 dan berada di luar jalur Alur Laut Kepulauan Indonesia (ALKI) di daerah Sulawesi, kemudian ada pula pesawat tempur yang di duga milik Amerika Serikat yang melakukan manuver di Zona Ekonomi Ekslusif Indonesia pada 6 April 2021 di sebelah barat Kepulauan Natuna. Penelitian dalam penulisan ini menggunakan metode penelitian secara yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan (statute aptoach) yang kemudian disajikan secara deskriptif-analitis. Hasil analisis yang didapat adalah pertama, adanya disharmoniasi peraturan perundang-undangan terkait penindakan dalam pelanggaran wilayah udara yang dilakukan oleh pesawat asing tanpa izin antara TNI AU dan Kementrian Perhubungan, serta tidak dijalankannya sanksi yang merupakan amanat UU Penerbangan dan PP Pamwilub sehingga menyebabkan disparitas penganggaran dan pelaksanaan dalam menjaga kedaulatan wilayah di udara, kedua,tidak adanya instrumen hukum baik nasional maupun internasional yang melarang aktifitas pesawat tempur maupun aktifitas militer yang dilakukan oleh suatu negara di wiliayah Zona Ekonomi Ekslusif Indonesia, sehingga perlunya pemerintah mengeluarkan kebijakan berupa pengaturan tentang ZEE Indonesia agar adanya larangan aktifitas militer di wilayah ZEE Indonesia baik di daerah perairannya maupun udara.Kata Kunci: Konsepsi, Pengaturan, Kedaulatan Udara, Indonesia
PERSONAL DATA PROTECTION IN THE ERA OF GLOBALIZATION (INDONESIA PERSPECTIVE) Yogi Muhammad Rahman; Aflah Haora; Elsa Nurfitriani Sutansi
Tirtayasa Journal of International Law Vol 2, No 1 (2023): Tirtayasa Journal of International Law Vol. 2 No. 1 Edisi Juni 2023
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51825/tjil.v2i1.19603

Abstract

ABSTRACT: This journal explores the topic of securing personal data in the era of globalization, focusing on the legal framework of International Law and existing laws and regulations in Indonesia, especially the provisions stipulated in Law Number 27 of 2022 concerning Data Protection. The main objective of this study is to provide readers with knowledge regarding the personal data protection regulatory landscape at both national and international levels. This research uses juridical-normative and juridical-empirical methodologies to collect, compile, and research research data. This approach includes the study of legal theories and concepts related to the legal principles of laws and regulations, especially those contained in Law Number 27 of 2022, through journal references or legal materials through electronic media. The goal is to gain theoretical insights that can serve as a foundation for research. Furthermore, this research gave birth to a discourse on individual information governance within the framework of global jurisprudence and regulatory framework in Indonesia, especially Law Number 27 of 2022, along with the consequences caused after its implementation.Keywords; Personal Data, Data Protection, the Era of Globalization
Front Matter Vol 1, No 1 (2022): Tirtayasa Journal of International Law Vol. 1 No. 1 Edisi Juni 2022 tirtayasa tjil
Tirtayasa Journal of International Law Vol 1, No 1 (2022): Tirtayasa Journal of International Law Vol. 1 No. 1 Edisi Juni 2022
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51825/tjil.v1i1.16400

Abstract

Front Matter Vol 2, No 1 (2023): Tirtayasa Journal of International Law Vol. 2 No. 1 Edisi Juni 2023 tirtayasa tjil
Tirtayasa Journal of International Law Vol 2, No 1 (2023): Tirtayasa Journal of International Law Vol. 2 No. 1 Edisi Juni 2023
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51825/tjil.v2i1.20844

Abstract

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