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Malacca Pharmaceutics
Published by PT. Heca Sentra Analitika
ISSN : -     EISSN : 29881064     DOI : https://doi.org/10.60084/mp
Core Subject : Health, Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology
Malacca Pharmaceutics is a premier interdisciplinary platform dedicated to fostering the exchange of cutting edge research and ideas in the rapidly evolving fields of pharmaceutical science and technology. Our mission is to provide a comprehensive and authoritative forum for scientists, researchers, and practitioners from diverse disciplines to share and advance their knowledge in the development, optimization, and application of innovative therapeutic strategies. The scope of the Malacca Pharmaceutics Journal encompasses a wide range of topics, including, but not limited to:Pharmaceutical formulation, delivery and controlled-release systems for drugs, vaccines, and biopharmaceuticals, pharmaceutical process, engineering, biotechnology, and nanotechnology, devices, cells, molecular biology, and materials science related to drugs and drug delivery pharmacogenetics and pharmacogenomics, biopharmaceutics,nanomedicine, drug targeting, drug design, pharmacokinetics, toxicokinetics, pharmacodynamics, drug discovery, drug design, medicinal chemistry, combinatorial chemistry, SAR, structure-property correlations, molecular modeling, pharmacophore, and bioinformatics
Arjuna Subject : Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics - Ilmu Farmasi
Articles 10 Documents
 1 
Ficus minahassae (Teijsm. & de Vriese) Miq.: A Fig Full of Health Benefits from North Sulawesi, Indonesia: A Mini Review Abdul Hawil Abas; Trina Ekawati Tallei; Rinaldi Idroes; Fatimawali Fatimawali
Malacca Pharmaceutics Vol. 1 No. 1 (2023): June 2023
Publisher : Heca Sentra Analitika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.60084/mp.v1i1.24

Abstract

Plants have been widely utilized as traditional medicine for an extended period of time. Numerous traditional remedies have demonstrated inherent anti-disease properties. Among the countries that extensively rely on traditional medicine, Indonesia stands out. Within the region of North Sulawesi, Indonesia, Ficus minahassae, an indigenous plant possessing several health benefits, is utilized by the local community as a traditional medicinal resource. This plant is employed for the treatment of various ailments such as rheumatism, physical discomfort, stimulation of lactation in breastfeeding women, bruises, relapse, fever, fatigue, migraines, bodily pain, headaches, convulsions, colds, coughs, influenza, and fractures. Typically, the leaves, roots, and stems of F. minahassae are boiled and consumed. Additionally, this plant has been reported to possess antibacterial and antioxidant properties. However, scientific investigations exploring the health advantages of F. minahassae are significantly limited in comparison to other traditional medicines. Consequently, it is highly recommended to conduct further research on the health benefits associated with this plant.
In Vitro Antioxidant Activity of Chrysanthemum indicum Flowers Extract and Its Fraction Jeclin Inebel Dolongtelide; Fatimawali Fatimawali; Trina Ekawati Tallei; Elly Juliana Suoth; Herny Emma Inonta Simbala; Irma Antasionasti; Marko Jeremia Kalalo
Malacca Pharmaceutics Vol. 1 No. 2 (2023): October 2023
Publisher : Heca Sentra Analitika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.60084/mp.v1i2.26

Abstract

Chrysanthemum indicum L., commonly known as Chrysanthemum flower, is an herbaceous plant that has a long-established history of medicinal usage. There has been extensive research about C. indicium L, especially about its antioxidant activities, but not much has been done on its fraction. This study aimed to explore the efficacy of the ethanol extract and its fraction derived from Chrysanthemum flowers in scavenging free radicals. The antioxidant potential of the ethanol extract, as well as its aqueous and n-hexane fractions, was evaluated using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrilhidrazine (DPPH) method in vitro. The degree of antioxidant activity was quantified by determining the IC50 value, which corresponds to the concentration of the extract or fractions required to inhibit 50% of DPPH free radicals. The results obtained from this investigation provide strong evidence that the ethanolic extract, as well as its aqueous and n-hexane fractions, exhibited significant antioxidant activity. The measured IC50 values for the ethanolic extract, aqueous fraction, and n-hexane fraction were 1.350 µg/mL, 1.109 µg/mL, and 7.588 µg/mL, respectively.
Antibacterial Activity of n-Hexane Dragon’s Blood Resin Extract (Daemonorops draco wild Blume) from Bener Meriah, Aceh Province, Indonesia Khairan Khairan; Musfira Arini; Rinaldi Idroes; Khalijah Awang; Claus Jacob
Malacca Pharmaceutics Vol. 1 No. 1 (2023): June 2023
Publisher : Heca Sentra Analitika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.60084/mp.v1i1.29

Abstract

The dragon’s blood resin (Daemonorops draco wild Blume) has been used in folk medicine for pharmacological activities such as antimicrobial, antivirus, anti-inflammation, gastrointestinal disorders, blood circulation dysfunctions, antitumor, and cancer. This study was designated to evaluate the antibacterial activity of n-Hexane dragon’s blood resin extract against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, and Candida albicans 10231. The other purpose of this study was to determine the secondary metabolites compound of n-Hexane dragon’s blood resin extract. The antimicrobial activities of the n-Hexane dragon’s blood resin extract was determined using well diffusion method and the results showed that the extract at concentration of 15% exhibited antimicrobial activities against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, and Candida albicans 10231 with the diameter inhibition of 13.20 mm; 21.3 mm; and 13.0 mm respectively. The phytochemicals screening showed that the extract contains secondary metabolites in the form of flavonoids. The GC-MS analysis showed that n-Hexane dragon’s blood resin extract contains 48 chemicals compounds, and the compound at RT 26 was indicated a Drachorhodin compound (C17H 18O3) with the mass ration of m/z was 270 g/mol. Overall, the n-Hexane dragon’s blood resin extract be a good choice for antimicrobial agent against bacteria and fungi.
A Review of the Ethno-dentistry Activities of Calotropis gigantea Diana Setya Ningsih; Ismail Celik; Abdul Hawil Abas; Boy Muhclis Bachtiar; Pati Kemala; Ghazi Mauer Idroes; Nur Balqis Maulydia
Malacca Pharmaceutics Vol. 1 No. 1 (2023): June 2023
Publisher : Heca Sentra Analitika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.60084/mp.v1i1.31

Abstract

Calotropis gigantea is a medicinal herb that thrives in arid climates. All parts of this plant are rich in secondary metabolites, which are very beneficial for health. Phytochemicals of this plant include flavonoid, alkaloids, steroids, cardiac glycosides, and terpenoids, which have a wide range of pharmacological effects. The potential of metabolit compound from C. gigantea can be used in dental treatment. This review describes the potential use of C. gigantea in ethno-dentistry, specifically as anti-caries, soft tissue inflammation (periodontitis and gingivitis), degenerative diseases (tumor/cancer), and wound healing. This review provides general perspectives and basic literature on the use of C. gigantea in the field of etno-dentistry.
Prediction of Pharmacokinetic Parameters from Ethanolic Extract Mane Leaves (Vitex pinnata L.) in Geothermal Manifestation of Seulawah Agam Ie-Seu’um, Aceh Nur Balqis Maulydia; Khairan Khairan; Teuku Rizky Noviandy
Malacca Pharmaceutics Vol. 1 No. 1 (2023): June 2023
Publisher : Heca Sentra Analitika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.60084/mp.v1i1.33

Abstract

The Mane plant (Vitex pinnata L.) is traditionally used as medicine in Aceh Province, Indonesia. This study aimed to predict the pharmacokinetic parameters of compounds in the ethanolic extract of Mane leaf (EEML), including the absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET), by in-silico approach. The method used was to analyze the compounds using a web-predictor server and molecular docking. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS) analysis of EEML showed the presence of active compounds, including phytol (60.93%), acorenol (8.56%), n-hexadecanoic acid (4.89%), trans-Z-alpha-bisabolene epoxide (2.7%) and cedrane (2.03%). Lipinski's rule of five states that all compounds had a deviation of less than 2. Pharmacokinetic parameters suggested that phytol was moderately absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract and had a toxicity level of 5 with lethal doses (LD50) >5000 mg/kg. Molecular docking results showed that phytol could be used against the targeted enzyme Staphylococcus aureus. In conclusion, our study suggests that the active compounds of EEML may have potential as a drug candidate.
Formulation and Antibacterial Activity of Averrhoa bilimbi L. Fruits Extract in Vegetable Oil-Based Liquid Hand Soap Rima Hayati; Amelia Sari; Faridah Hanum; Nada Nabilah; Nanda Earlia; Endang Lukitaningsih
Malacca Pharmaceutics Vol. 1 No. 1 (2023): June 2023
Publisher : Heca Sentra Analitika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.60084/mp.v1i1.35

Abstract

The main method of preventing infections is good hand cleanliness. Bilimbi (Averrhoa bilimbi) fruits contains flavonoids, which have been tested for antibacterial activity. Polar chemicals like flavonoids are often extracted using ethanol as a solvent.  Therefore, this study aimed to formulate an ethanol extract of A. bilimbi fruits in the form of hand soap. This formulation used vegetable oils such as olive oil, coconut oil, and castor oil, which are high in fatty acids to maintain healthy skin. Antibacterial activity was carried out against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The extract was prepared by maceration for 5 days using an ethanol solvent. Liquid soap contained A. bilimbi fruit extracts at 5% (F1) and 10% (F2). The F1 and F2 organoleptic tests showed the preparation as a thick liquid with a distinctive coconut oil aroma, light brown (F1) and brown (F2) color. pH values of 5.8 (F1) and 5.6 (F2). Foam height stability was 71.5% (F1) and 73.1% (F2). The specific gravity for the two formulas was 1.02 g/mL. The viscosity of F1 and F2 was 137.6 cP and 163.5 cP, respectively. Inhibition power against S. aureus using the agar diffusion method by measuring the diameter of the inhibition zone showed strong (F1) and very strong (F2) categories The inhibition against S. aureus showed strong (F1) and very strong (F2) categories. While F1 has no inhibitory power against E. coli, F2 showed inhibition in the strong category. Based on our research, it can be concluded that A. bilimbi fruit extract can produce good hand soap and have bacteria-inhibiting activity. However, further formula development is still needed to obtain preparations that meet all the requirements and stability tests.
Investigating the Usage of Medicinal Plants and Herbal Products in Aceh to Address COVID-19 Symptoms: A Cross-Sectional Survey Suryawati Suryawati; Ahmad Rasydi; Nanda Ayu Puspita; Triana Hertiani
Malacca Pharmaceutics Vol. 1 No. 2 (2023): October 2023
Publisher : Heca Sentra Analitika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.60084/mp.v1i2.38

Abstract

Medicinal plants have been used worldwide as supportive therapy in reducing symptoms of various diseases, including COVID-19 symptoms. The objective of this study was to investigate the use of medicinal plants and herbal products in respondents who experienced symptoms of COVID-19 in Aceh, Indonesia. A cross-sectional study was conducted, involving 384 respondents from the age group over 18 years old residing in Aceh Province, Indonesia. Data was collected via an online questionnaire consisting of 4 structured questions to assess the types and names of medicinal plants, the time of use, and the purpose of using medicinal plants. The results showed that nearly half of the study population (181 respondents) consumed medicinal plants and commercial products, mainly for the reason to enhance their immunity (49.7%), followed by to overcome the COVID-19 symptoms (26.7%). Amongst all medicinal remedies mentioned in this study, Ginger (Zingiber officinale) and turmeric (Curcuma longa) are the most widely used, which were consumed by 65.5% of medicinal plant and herbal products users. The other medicinal plant chosen by the study population were lemon (Citrus lemon), Java Ginger/temulawak (Curcuma zanthorrhiza), and Habbatus sauda (Nigella sativa). Although the majority of the respondents had used the herbal remedies prior contracting COVID-19 symptoms (45.5%), a third of the respondents consumed traditional medicine during the symptomatic period only (less than two weeks). This study has demonstrated the characteristics of the consumption of medicinal plants and their commercial products in Aceh, during the occurrence of COVID-19 symptoms in the study population.
Antimicrobial Properties of Medicinal Plants in the Lower Area of Ie Seu-um Geothermal Outflow, Indonesia Fajar Fakri; Saima Putri Harahap; Akmal Muhni; Khairan Khairan; Yuni Tri Hewindati; Ghazi Mauer Idroes
Malacca Pharmaceutics Vol. 1 No. 2 (2023): October 2023
Publisher : Heca Sentra Analitika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.60084/mp.v1i2.44

Abstract

The lower area of the Ie Seu-um manifestation, located in Ie Seu-um village, Aceh Besar District, harbors several medicinal plants that exhibit potential for the treatment of infectious diseases. This study aims to assess the secondary metabolite content and in vitro antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans of medicinal plants inhabiting the geothermal region. Medicinal plants, namely Pluchea indica (L.) Less., Acrostichum aureum L., Acacia mangium L., and Calotropis gigantea (L.) Dryand., were collected within a range of 100-150 meters from the hot springs in the lower area. Methanol extracts of these medicinal plants underwent phytochemical screening and were tested for antimicrobial activity using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method at a concentration of 50%. The results of phytochemical screening demonstrated positive variations in alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, steroids, triterpenoids, and tannins for each medicinal plant. The antimicrobial activity of the methanol extracts noticeably inhibited the growth of S. aureus compared to E. coli and C. albicans. The largest inhibition zones were observed for the leaf part of A. mangium (12.70 ± 2.30 mm) against S. aureus, the aerial part of A. aureum (11.57 ± 2.01 mm) against E. coli, and the aerial part of P. indica (9.89 ± 1.11 mm) against C. albicans. Based on the research findings, medicinal plants originating from the lower area of the Ie Seu-um manifestation exhibit potential as antimicrobial agents, particularly against gram-positive bacteria.
Integrating Genetic Algorithm and LightGBM for QSAR Modeling of Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors in Alzheimer's Disease Drug Discovery Teuku Rizky Noviandy; Aga Maulana; Ghazi Mauer Idroes; Nur Balqis Maulydia; Mohsina Patwekar; Rivansyah Suhendra; Rinaldi Idroes
Malacca Pharmaceutics Vol. 1 No. 2 (2023): October 2023
Publisher : Heca Sentra Analitika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.60084/mp.v1i2.60

Abstract

This study explores the use of Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (QSAR) studies using genetic algorithm (GA) and LightGBM to search for acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors for Alzheimer's disease. The study uses a dataset of 6,157 AChE inhibitors and their IC50 values. A LightGBM model is trained and evaluated for classification performance. The results show that the LightGBM model achieved high performance on the training and testing set, with an accuracy of 92.49% and 82.47%, respectively. This study demonstrates the potential of GA and LightGBM in the drug discovery process for AChE inhibitors in Alzheimer's disease. The findings contribute to the drug discovery process by providing insights about AChE inhibitors that allow more efficient screening of potential compounds and accelerate the identification of promising candidates for development and therapeutic use.
A Perspective Study of Pogostemon cablin Benth as an Aphrodisiac Khairan Khairan; Rosi Amanda; Salsa Yubila Hasbi; Muhammad Diah; Kartini Hasballah
Malacca Pharmaceutics Vol. 1 No. 2 (2023): October 2023
Publisher : Heca Sentra Analitika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.60084/mp.v1i2.61

Abstract

Pogostemon cablin Benth also known as a patchouli plant, is a member of Lamiaceae family, and the source of patchouli essential oil. This plant is an important herb which possesses many therapeutic properties. In traditional medicinal practices, patchouli oil is used to relieve depression, stress, calm nerves, control appetite and to improve sexual interest. Up to the present moment, almost 200 volatile and non-volatile compounds have been isolated and identified from Pogostemon cablin including flavonoid, phytosterols, glycosides, terpenes, sesquiterpenes, organic acids, and others. Modern studies revealed that the patchouli plant have been used for various applications such as an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antidepressant, antithrombotic, antiplatelet, fibrinolytic, antiemetic, antimutagenic, and aphrodisiac. In aromatherapy, this plant is believed to be able to improve blood circulation and sexual interest. The flavonoid compounds, such as acacetin and apigenin are believed to play an important role as an aphrodisiac. The mechanisms of action of this plant as an aphrodisiac is believed by increasing androgens and estrogen levels in dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), which further increases arousal sexual desire. However, some uses need to be verified and may require standardizing and authenticating the bioactivity of purified compounds through scientific methods. This perspective study discusses the aphrodisiac potential of Pogostemon cablin Benth, including their chemical constituents, health benefit, mechanism action, and the role of main bioactive compound as an aphrodisiac.

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