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Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis
Published by Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society
ISSN : -     EISSN : 19782993     DOI : https://doi.org/10.9767/bcrec
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis, a reputable international journal, provides a forum for publishing the novel technologies related to the catalyst, catalysis, chemical reactor, kinetics, and chemical reaction engineering. Scientific articles dealing with the following topics in chemical reaction engineering, catalysis science, and engineering, catalyst preparation method and characterization, novel innovation of chemical reactor, kinetic studies, etc. are particularly welcome. However, articles concerned on the general chemical engineering process are not covered and out of the scope of this journal. This journal encompasses Original Research Articles, Review Articles (only selected/invited authors), and Short Communications, including: fundamentals of catalyst and catalysis; materials and nano-materials for catalyst; chemistry of catalyst and catalysis; surface chemistry of catalyst; applied catalysis; applied bio-catalysis; applied chemical reaction engineering; catalyst regeneration; catalyst deactivation; photocatalyst and photocatalysis; electrocatalysis for fuel cell application; applied bio-reactor; membrane bioreactor; fundamentals of chemical reaction engineering; kinetics studies of chemical reaction engineering; chemical reactor design (not process parameter optimization); enzymatic catalytic reaction (not process parameter optimization); kinetic studies of enzymatic reaction (not process parameter optimization); the industrial practice of catalyst; the industrial practice of chemical reactor engineering; application of plasma technology in catalysis and chemical reactor; and advanced technology for chemical reactors design. However, articles concerned about the "General Chemical Engineering Process" are not covered and out of the scope of this journal.
Arjuna Subject : Teknik Kimia (semua kategori) - Katalisis
Articles 24 Documents
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Search results for , issue "2019: BCREC Volume 14 Issue 3 Year 2019 (December 2019)" : 24 Documents clear
Synthesis of Spherical Nanostructured g-Al2O3 Particles using Cetyltrimethylammonium Bromide (CTAB) Reverse Micelle Templating Didi Prasetyo Benu; Veinardi Suendo; Rino Rakhmata Mukti; Erna Febriyanti; Fry Voni Steky; Damar Rastri Adhika; Viny Veronika Tanuwijaya; Ashari Budi Nugraha
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2019: BCREC Volume 14 Issue 3 Year 2019 (December 2019)
Publisher : Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.14.3.3855.542-550

Abstract

We demonstrated the synthesis of spherical nanostructured g-Al2O3 using reverse micelle templating to enhance the surface area and reactant accessibility. Three different surfactants were used in this study: benzalkonium chloride (BZK), sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). We obtained spherical nanostructured particles only using CTAB that form a reverse micelle emulsion. The particles have wide size distribution with an average size of 2.54 mm. The spherical particles consist of nanoplate crystallites with size 20-40 nm randomly arranged forming intercrystallite spaces. The crystalline phase of as-synthesized and calcined particles was boehmite and g-Al2O3, respectively as determined by XRD analysis. Here, the preserved particle morphology during boehmite to g-Al2O3 transformation opens a facile route to synthesize g-Al2O3 particles with complex morphology. The specific surface area of synthesized particles is 201 m2/g, which is around five times higher than the conventional g-Al2O3 (Aldrich 544833). Spherical nanostructured g-Al2O3 provides wide potential applications in catalysis due to its high density closed packed structure, large surface area, and high accessibility. 
bcl Morphology Formation Strategy on Nanostructured Titania via Alkaline Hydrothermal Treatment Fry Voni Steky; Veinardi Suendo; Rino Rakhmata Mukti; Didi Prasetyo Benu; Muhammad Reza; Damar Rastri Adhika; Viny Veronika Tanuwijaya; Ashari Budi Nugraha
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2019: BCREC Volume 14 Issue 3 Year 2019 (December 2019)
Publisher : Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.14.3.3853.513-520

Abstract

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is a semiconductor material that plays an important role in photocatalysis. Bicontinuous concentric lamellar (bcl) is an interesting morphology with an open channel pore structure that has been successfully synthesized on silica-based materials. If bcl morphology can be applied in TiO2 system, then many surface properties of TiO2 can be enhanced, i.e. photocatalytic activity. A simple and effective strategy has been demonstrated to transform aggregated and spherical TiO2 particles to bcl morphology via alkaline hydrothermal route. Alkaline hydrothermal treatment successfully transforms TiO2 particle surface to have bcl morphology through swelling with ammonia then followed by phase segregation process. We proposed this strategy as a general pathway to transform the particle surface with any shape to have bcl morphology. 
Mesoporous ZnO/AlSBA-15 (7) Nanocomposite as An Efficient Catalyst for Synthesis of 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-one via Biginelli Reaction and Their Biological Activity Study Birendra Nath Mahato; T. Krithiga
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2019: BCREC Volume 14 Issue 3 Year 2019 (December 2019)
Publisher : Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.14.3.4469.634-645

Abstract

In this study, the mesoporous ZnO/AlSBA-15 (Si/Al=7) nanocomposite catalyst was prepared by using a combination of direct and impregnation procedure. The catalyst was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope coupled with energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), N2 adsorption-desorption isotherm, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and Temperature programmed reduction (TPR-H2). The XRD and N2 sorption results show the hexagonal mesoporous nature of catalyst with type IV adsorption isotherm. The surface area was calculated by the BET method and found to be 373 m2/g. From the TPR-H2 study, the reducibility temperature of ZnO found to be 966 K. Further, the Biginelli reaction is a promising multi-component reaction in organic synthetic chemistry as it approaches the green chemistry protocols and adducts are extensively used as drugs, intermediate and in medicine. Hence, the catalytic activity was tested in one pot Biginelii reaction for the synthesis of 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-one's derivative. The product yield was observed to be 96% at temperature 333 K, at the short response time of 4 h. The two adducts were examined by 1HNMR, 13CNMR, and FT-IR spectroscopy. Besides, the biological activity of adduct (A) C15H18N2O5 was explored by gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus) and gram-negative microorganisms (E. coli). The adduct (A) C15H18N2O5 shows a clear inhibition zone of 24 mm against E. Coli whereas Azithromycin shows an inhibition zone of 28 mm. Copyright © 2019 BCREC Group. All rights reserved 
Optimization of Monoglycerides Production Using KF/CaO-MgO Heterogeneous Catalysis Luqman Buchori; Didi Dwi Anggoro; Indro Sumantri; Riko Rikardo Putra
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2019: BCREC Volume 14 Issue 3 Year 2019 (December 2019)
Publisher : Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.14.3.4251.689-696

Abstract

The production of monoglyceride or monoacylglycerol (MAG) from triglycerides and glycerol has been studied. The purpose of this research was to study the effect of using KF/CaO-MgO catalyst on MAG production with batch reactor. The effect of reaction temperature, reaction time, and catalyst loading was investigated using Response Surface Methods (RSM). The reaction temperature, reaction time, and catalyst loading were varied at 200-220 ºC,  2-4 hours, and 0.1-0.3 % w/w, respectively. The maximum yield of monoglyceride 41.58% was achieved the optimum conditions of  catalyst loading of 0.19 % (w/w), reaction temperature of 208.4 ºC, and reaction time of 3.20 hours.  
Pd-Fe3O4/RGO: a Highly Active and Magnetically Recyclable Catalyst for Suzuki Cross Coupling Reaction using a Microfluidic Flow Reactor Hany A. Elazab; Ali R. Siamaki; B. Frank Gupton; M. Samy El-Shall
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2019: BCREC Volume 14 Issue 3 Year 2019 (December 2019)
Publisher : Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.14.3.3518.478-489

Abstract

There are several crucial issues that need to be addressed in the field of applied catalysis. These issues are not only related to harmful environmental impact but also include process safety concerns, mass and heat transfer limitations, selectivity, high pressure, optimizing reaction conditions, scale-up issues, reproducibility, process reliability, and catalyst deactivation and recovery. Many of these issues could be solved by adopting the concept of micro-reaction technology and flow chemistry in the applied catalysis field. A microwave assisted reduction technique has been used to prepare well dispersed, highly active Pd/Fe3O4 nanoparticles supported on reduced graphene oxide nanosheets (Pd-Fe3O4/RGO), which act as a unique catalyst for Suzuki cross coupling reactions due to the uniform dispersion of palladium nanoparticles throughout the surface of the magnetite - RGO support. The Pd-Fe3O4/RGO nanoparticles have been shown to exhibit extremely high catalytic activity for Suzuki cross coupling reactions under both batch and continuous reaction conditions. This paper reported a reliable method for Suzuki cross-coupling reaction of 4-bromobenzaldehyde using magnetically recyclable Pd/Fe3O4 nanoparticles supported on RGO nanosheets in a microfluidic-based high throughput flow reactor. Organic synthesis can be performed under high pressure and temperature by using a stainless steel micro tubular flow reactor under continuous flow reaction conditions. Optimizing the reaction conditions was performed via changing several parameters including temperature, pressure, and flow rate. Generally, a scalable flow technique by optimizing the reaction parameters under high-temperature and continuous reaction conditions could be successfully developed.
Operating Conditions and Composition Effect on the Hydrogenation of Carbon Dioxide Performed over CuO/ZnO/Al2O3 Catalysts Djaouida Allam; Salem Cheknoun; Smain Hocine
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2019: BCREC Volume 14 Issue 3 Year 2019 (December 2019)
Publisher : Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.14.3.3451.604-613

Abstract

A series of catalysts constituted of mixed copper and zinc oxides supported on alumina were prepared by co-precipitation method. The cooper content was in the 10-90 wt.% range. Their catalytic behavior in the hydrogenation of carbon dioxide to methanol was investigated at high pressure (up to 75 bars). The catalysts were characterized by elemental analysis, N2-adsorption, N2O-chemisorptions, and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The catalysts showed a clear activity in the hydrogenation reaction that could be correlated to the surface area of the metallic copper and to the reaction pressure. The CuO/ZnO/Al2O3 catalyst with a Cu/Zn/Al weight ratio of 60/30/10, exhibits the highest carbon dioxide conversion and methanol selectivity. Finally, a mechanism pathway has been proposed on copper active sites of (Cu0/CuI) oxidation state. 
Synthesis of Solid Acid Catalyst from Fly Ash for Eugenol Esterification Nur Hidayati; Titik Pujiati; Elfrida B. Prihandini; Herry Purnama
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2019: BCREC Volume 14 Issue 3 Year 2019 (December 2019)
Publisher : Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.14.3.4254.683-688

Abstract

A series of fly ash-based heterogeneous acid catalysts were prepared by chemical and thermal treatment. Fly ash was chemically activated using sulfuric acid and followed by thermal activation. Characterization methods of XRD, BET, SEM-EDX, and the performance in esterification of eugenyl acetate production was carried out to reveal the physical and chemical characteristics of prepared catalysts. Activated catalyst showed high silica content (96.5%) and high BET surface area of 70 m2.g-1. The catalyst was proven to be highly active solid acid catalyst for liquid phase esterification of eugenol with acetic acid yielding eugenyl acetate. A yield of 43-48% was obtained with activated fly ash catalysts for 90 minutes reaction. These catalysts may replace beneficially the conventional homogenous liquid acid to the eco-friendly heterogeneous one. 
Preparation of Polyaniline Emeraldine Salt for Conducting-Polymer-Activated Counter Electrode in Dye Sensitized Solar Cell (DSSC) using Rapid-Mixing Polymerization at Various Temperature Auliya Nur Amalina; Veinardi Suendo; Muhammad Reza; Phutri Milana; Risa Rahmawati Sunarya; Damar Rastri Adhika; Viny Veronika Tanuwijaya
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2019: BCREC Volume 14 Issue 3 Year 2019 (December 2019)
Publisher : Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.14.3.3854.521-528

Abstract

Polyaniline Emeraldine Salt (PANI ES) as a conductive polymer has been used as a Pt-free counter electrode materials in DSSC. In this study, polymerization temperature was varied at relatively high temperature from 308 to 348 K with respect to the standard low polymerization temperature at 273 K. The synthesis held in varied high-temperature to study the effect of synthesis condition resulted to the performance as counter electrode in DSSC. The effect of high-temperature synthesis condition gives interesting results, the FTIR-ATR spectra show the presence of vibrational modes of phenazine structure obtained at high polymerization temperature, indicate the changing in the chain geometry. Raman Spectroscopy shows the decrease of the I1194/I1623 intensity ratio that can be interpreted that the degree-of-freedom of C-H bond bending mode decreases in the benzenoid ring, while the stretching mode degree-of-freedom along the chain is preserved or increased. The electrical conductivity profile has changed from metal-like at low-temperature into a semiconductor-like profile at high-temperature. Scanning Electron Microscope images reveals that a change in the morphology of PANI ES with temperature. At low-temperature (273 K) the morphology has a globular shape, while at high-temperature it tends to form nanorod structure. DSSC device with highest efficiency is attained for PANI ES polymerized at 273 K (1.91%) due to its high conductivity. The lowest efficiency is observed in device using PANI ES synthesized at 328 K (1.15%) due to its low conductivity due to the formation of phenazine structure. 
Inhibition Effect of Ca2+ Ions on Sucrose Hydrolysis Using Invertase Hargono Hargono; Bakti Jos; Abdullah Abdullah; Teguh Riyanto
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2019: BCREC Volume 14 Issue 3 Year 2019 (December 2019)
Publisher : Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.14.3.4437.646-653

Abstract

Fermentable sugar for bioethanol production can be produced from molasses due to its high sucrose content but Ca2+ ions found in the molasses may affect the hydrolysis. Therefore, this paper was focused to study the effect of Ca2+ ions as CaO on sucrose hydrolysis using invertase and to obtain the kinetic parameters. The kinetic parameters (KM and Vmax) were obtained using a Lineweaver-Burk plot. The value of KM and Vmax parameters were 36.181 g/L and 21.322 g/L.h, respectively. The Ca2+ ions act as competitive inhibitor in sucrose hydrolysis using invertase. Therefore, the inhibition mechanism was followed the competitive inhibition mechanism. The value of inhibition constant was 0.833 g/g. These parameters were obtained from the non-substrate inhibition process because this study used the low substrate concentrations which means the fermentable sugar production was low. Hence, there were still more challenges to studying the simultaneous effect of substrate and Ca2+ on sucrose hydrolysis to produce high fermentable sugar. 
Effects of Calcination Temperatures on The Catalytic Activities of Alumina Supported Cobalt and Chromium Catalysts Mardwita Mardwita; Eka Sri Yusmartini; Nidya Wisudawati
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2019: BCREC Volume 14 Issue 3 Year 2019 (December 2019)
Publisher : Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.14.3.4673.654-659

Abstract

Catalysts properties are important for catalytic reactions. The interaction between support and metal in a catalyst is resulted from catalyst preparation. In this study, gamma-alumina (Al2O3) supported cobalt (Co) and chromium (Cr) catalysts were prepared by impregnation method and calcined at two different temperatures, they are 400 °C for 4 hours and 800 °C for 4 hours. The resulted catalysts contained 10 wt.% of metal and denoted as Co/Al2O3(400), Co/Al2O33(800), Cr/Al2O3(400), and Cr/Al2O3(800) catalysts. The surface and state of the catalysts were examined by using x-ray diffraction (XRD), x-ray photoelectron spectrometer (XPS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The XRD result reveals that strong interaction between Co and Al2O3 due to a formation of higher cobalt oxide. The XRD result further indicates aggregation and strong support metal interaction between Co and Al2O3 during calcination. On the other hand, TEM result showed that large Co particle was observed on Al2O3. The Cr/Al2O3 catalysts were characterized by using XPS. The XPS results showed that Cr/Al2O3(800) catalyst was dominated by Cr6+ species at binding energy 579.04 eV, indicating high dispersion of Cr on Al2O3. Moreover, Cr metal particle was not observed on XRD and TEM image. All the characterization results provide information that the impregnated metal on Al2O3 showed different properties. Co metal particle tends to be more oxidized and formed large particle, however it was not observed on Cr metal particle. 

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