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BIOSYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF GOLD NANOPARTICLES AND THEIR INTERACTION STUDY WITH METFORMIN Dian Anggraini; Siti Suhartati; Iwan Syahjoko Saputra; Sudirman Sudirman
Jurnal Sains Materi Indonesia Vol 21, No 2: JANUARY 2020
Publisher : Center for Science & Technology of Advanced Materials - National Nuclear Energy Agency

BIOSYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF GOLD NANOPARTICLES AND THEIR INTERACTION STUDY WITH METFORMIN. Synthesis of gold nanoparticles successfully carried using Imperata cylindrica L leaf extract. In this study, the approach used through green synthesis method is a reaction betwen of the HAuCl4 solution (concentration variation as 3; 5; 7 x 10-4 M) with Imperata cylindrica L leaf extract. Results of UV-Vis showed of gold nanoparticles has a maximum wavelength at 530 nm with absorbance value of 1.4. Results of FTIR shows a shift the absorption peak at wavenumber of 3392 cm-1 to 3404 cm-1. PSA and PZC showed the distribution of gold nanoparticles was 48.84 nm with a charge of 20.5 mV. Gold nanoparticles has a spherical shape and an average particle size of 20 nm which can be seen from the results of the characterization using TEM. XRD showed crystalize size average of gold nanoparticles as 20.47 nm. The interaction between of gold nanoparticles with metformin can be seen in the absorbance decrease of 0.38 at a wavelength of 531 nm and the results of PSA shows an average particle size of AuNPs@metformin is 122 nm. From the characterization data can be concluded the gold nanoparticles were successfully synthesized using natural bioreductors by utilizing secondary metabolites from Imperata cylindrica L leaf extract.

BIOSYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF GOLD NANOPARTICLES AND THEIR INTERACTION STUDY WITH METFORMIN Anggraini, Dian; Suhartati, Siti; Saputra, Iwan Syahjoko; Sudirman, Sudirman
Jurnal Sains Materi Indonesia Vol 21, No 2: JANUARY 2020
Publisher : Center for Science & Technology of Advanced Materials - National Nuclear Energy Agency

BIOSYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF GOLD NANOPARTICLES AND THEIR INTERACTION STUDY WITH METFORMIN. Synthesis of gold nanoparticles successfully carried using Imperata cylindrica L leaf extract. In this study, the approach used through green synthesis method is a reaction betwen of the HAuCl4 solution (concentration variation as 3; 5; 7 x 10-4 M) with Imperata cylindrica L leaf extract. Results of UV-Vis showed of gold nanoparticles has a maximum wavelength at 530 nm with absorbance value of 1.4. Results of FTIR shows a shift the absorption peak at wavenumber of 3392 cm-1 to 3404 cm-1. PSA and PZC showed the distribution of gold nanoparticles was 48.84 nm with a charge of 20.5 mV. Gold nanoparticles has a spherical shape and an average particle size of 20 nm which can be seen from the results of the characterization using TEM. XRD showed crystalize size average of gold nanoparticles as 20.47 nm. The interaction between of gold nanoparticles with metformin can be seen in the absorbance decrease of 0.38 at a wavelength of 531 nm and the results of PSA shows an average particle size of AuNPs@metformin is 122 nm. From the characterization data can be concluded the gold nanoparticles were successfully synthesized using natural bioreductors by utilizing secondary metabolites from Imperata cylindrica L leaf extract.

CHEMICAL DEGRADATION OF NAFION MEMBRANES UNDER PEMFC AS INVESTIGATED BY DFT METHOD Rochmad K Sanjaya; Juliandri Juliandri; Iman Rahayu; Nurul Ismillayli; dhony hermanto
Jurnal Sains Materi Indonesia Vol 21, No 2: JANUARY 2020
Publisher : Center for Science & Technology of Advanced Materials - National Nuclear Energy Agency

CHEMICAL DEGRADATION OF NAFION MEMBRANES UNDER PEMFC AS INVESTIGATED BY DFT METHOD. An exsitu method has been developed to performance of Nafion's membrane in PEMFC (Proton Electrolyt Membrane Fuel Cells), caused by the chemical degradation of ·OH and ∙H radicals. The change of the chemical structure occurring during the degradation were primarily calculated of the relative energy of reactions by DFT (Density Functional Theory) method approach in the Gaussian software. This study aims to determine whether DFT method with functional B3LYP, PBEPBE, and B3PW91 and base sets 6-311++G can be used in determining the relative energy of a reaction and knowing the difference in role between ·OH and ∙H in the degradation process of the main chain Nafion with the final group are -CF2H, -CF=CF2 and -COOH. The three functionalities applied showed that the ·OH radical has more role than the ∙H radical in the degradation process of the Nafion main chain. In the -CF2H group was shown the relative energy value of reaction 2 is lower than reaction 5, in the -CF=CF2 group was shown the relative energy value of reaction 8* is lower than reaction 11 and in the -COOH group the relative energ value of reaction 14 is lower than reaction 16. By knowing the relative energy of the Nafion main chain degradation reaction with a certain final group and the role of certain radical compounds in the degradation process, the DFT method with functional B3LYP, PBEPBE and B3PW91 and base sets 6-311++G can recommend various modifications of the Nafion as a fuel cell membrane, particularly in increasing of membrane performance.

CHEMICAL DEGRADATION OF NAFION MEMBRANES UNDER PEMFC AS INVESTIGATED BY DFT METHOD Sanjaya, Rochmad K; Juliandri, Juliandri; Rahayu, Iman; Ismillayli, Nurul; hermanto, dhony
Jurnal Sains Materi Indonesia Vol 21, No 2: JANUARY 2020
Publisher : Center for Science & Technology of Advanced Materials - National Nuclear Energy Agency

CHEMICAL DEGRADATION OF NAFION MEMBRANES UNDER PEMFC AS INVESTIGATED BY DFT METHOD. An exsitu method has been developed to performance of Nafion's membrane in PEMFC (Proton Electrolyt Membrane Fuel Cells), caused by the chemical degradation of Â·OH and âˆ™H radicals. The change of the chemical structure occurring during the degradation were primarily calculated of the relative energy of reactions by DFT (Density Functional Theory) method approach in the Gaussian software. This study aims to determine whether DFT method with functional B3LYP, PBEPBE, and B3PW91 and base sets 6-311++G can be used in determining the relative energy of a reaction and knowing the difference in role between Â·OH and âˆ™H in the degradation process of the main chain Nafion with the final group are -CF2H, -CF=CF2 and -COOH. The three functionalities applied showed that the Â·OH radical has more role than the âˆ™H radical in the degradation process of the Nafion main chain. In the -CF2H group was shown the relative energy value of reaction 2 is lower than reaction 5, in the -CF=CF2 group was shown the relative energy value of reaction 8* is lower than reaction 11 and in the -COOH group the relative energ value of reaction 14 is lower than reaction 16. By knowing the relative energy of the Nafion main chain degradation reaction with a certain final group and the role of certain radical compounds in the degradation process, the DFT method with functional B3LYP, PBEPBE and B3PW91 and base sets 6-311++G can recommend various modifications of the Nafion as a fuel cell membrane, particularly in increasing of membrane performance.

MICROWAVE-ASSISTED CENTRIFUGAL SPINNING OF GELATIN MICROFIBERS Kaido Siimon; Yu Yu Aung
Jurnal Sains Materi Indonesia Vol 21, No 2: JANUARY 2020
Publisher : Center for Science & Technology of Advanced Materials - National Nuclear Energy Agency

MICROWAVE-ASSISTED CENTRIFUGAL SPINNING OF GELATIN MICROFIBERS. Herein, we disclose a method for preparing polymeric microfibers. According to an embodiment of the method, gelatin fibers were prepared from 50% aqueous gelatin solution by centrifugal spinning. The produced material feels similar to wool to the touch. Average fiber diameter was determined to be 40 m. Thermal stability of the material is similar to that of gelatin fibers prepared by other techniques, e.g. electrospinning. Elastic modulus of the fibrous material was determined to be 230 MPa and its toughness was found to be 160 kJ/m3. The described method is one of the fastest low-cost lab-scale fiber production techniques available (as a practical example, the speed of fiber production was roughly 5 g/s) and could be used to prepare various polymeric fibers in an eco-friendly way for a wide range of applications, including textile industry, tissue engineering and drug delivery.

MICROWAVE-ASSISTED CENTRIFUGAL SPINNING OF GELATIN MICROFIBERS Siimon, Kaido; Aung, Yu Yu
Jurnal Sains Materi Indonesia Vol 21, No 2: JANUARY 2020
Publisher : Center for Science & Technology of Advanced Materials - National Nuclear Energy Agency

MICROWAVE-ASSISTED CENTRIFUGAL SPINNING OF GELATIN MICROFIBERS. Herein, we disclose a method for preparing polymeric microfibers. According to an embodiment of the method, gelatin fibers were prepared from 50% aqueous gelatin solution by centrifugal spinning. The produced material feels similar to wool to the touch. Average fiber diameter was determined to be 40 ïm. Thermal stability of the material is similar to that of gelatin fibers prepared by other techniques, e.g. electrospinning. Elastic modulus of the fibrous material was determined to be 230 MPa and its toughness was found to be 160 kJ/m3. The described method is one of the fastest low-cost lab-scale fiber production techniques available (as a practical example, the speed of fiber production was roughly 5 g/s) and could be used to prepare various polymeric fibers in an eco-friendly way for a wide range of applications, including textile industry, tissue engineering and drug delivery.

COMPARATION OF RUBBER MILLING PROCESS TO PRODUCE NATURAL RUBBER COUMPOUNDS USING MODIFIED AND UNMODIFIED LOCAL CLAY FILLER Abu Hasan; Martha Aznury; Indah Purnamasari; Muhammad Zaman; Robert Junaidi; Rahmaniar Rahmaniar
Jurnal Sains Materi Indonesia Vol 21, No 2: JANUARY 2020
Publisher : Center for Science & Technology of Advanced Materials - National Nuclear Energy Agency

COMPARISON OF RUBBER MILLING PROCESS TO PRODUCE NATURAL RUBBER COMPOUNDS USING MODIFIED AND UNMODIFIED LOCAL CLAY FILLER. Many researchers have studied the effect of modified clay as filler on rubber compounds for both natural rubber and synthetic rubber. Various chemicals are used as clay modifiers. In the rubber milling process, modified clay is directly used as filler after pretreatment with clay modifier. However, clay modifiers can also be milled together with original clay during the rubber mastication and milling process. Thus both of these methods certainly produce different physical properties, so the comparison of the two rubber milling processes is the focus of this research. The analysis of the curing characteristics and physical properties of vulcanized natural rubber was carried out with a rheometer and physical properties test units. Thermal analysis was carried out using TG/DTA and dispersion of filler on the rubber compound was analyzed by SEM. The results of the curing characteristic of the rubber compound and the physical properties of vulcanization showed that there was an effect due to the comparison of the rubber milling process. Modified clay using JH-S69 is better than JH-S69 milled with original clay and vice versa occurs in PEG 4000 which is used as clay modifier. PEG 4000 which is milled together with original clay produces curing characteristic and physical properties of vulcanization better than pretreatment of clay to be modified clay. This analysis is in line with the analysis using SEM.

COMPARATION OF RUBBER MILLING PROCESS TO PRODUCE NATURAL RUBBER COUMPOUNDS USING MODIFIED AND UNMODIFIED LOCAL CLAY FILLER Hasan, Abu; Aznury, Martha; Purnamasari, Indah; Zaman, Muhammad; Junaidi, Robert; Rahmaniar, Rahmaniar
Jurnal Sains Materi Indonesia Vol 21, No 2: JANUARY 2020
Publisher : Center for Science & Technology of Advanced Materials - National Nuclear Energy Agency

COMPARISON OF RUBBER MILLING PROCESS TO PRODUCE NATURAL RUBBER COMPOUNDS USING MODIFIED AND UNMODIFIED LOCAL CLAY FILLER. Many researchers have studied the effect of modified clay as filler on rubber compounds for both natural rubber and synthetic rubber. Various chemicals are used as clay modifiers. In the rubber milling process, modified clay is directly used as filler after pretreatment with clay modifier. However, clay modifiers can also be milled together with original clay during the rubber mastication and milling process. Thus both of these methods certainly produce different physical properties, so the comparison of the two rubber milling processes is the focus of this research. The analysis of the curing characteristics and physical properties of vulcanized natural rubber was carried out with a rheometer and physical properties test units. Thermal analysis was carried out using TG/DTA and dispersion of filler on the rubber compound was analyzed by SEM. The results of the curing characteristic of the rubber compound and the physical properties of vulcanization showed that there was an effect due to the comparison of the rubber milling process. Modified clay using JH-S69 is better than JH-S69 milled with original clay and vice versa occurs in PEG 4000 which is used as clay modifier. PEG 4000 which is milled together with original clay produces curing characteristic and physical properties of vulcanization better than pretreatment of clay to be modified clay. This analysis is in line with the analysis using SEM.

EFFECT OF ANNEALING CYCLES ON DEEP DRAWABILITY OF LOW CARBON TITANIUM ADDED STEEL Iskandar Muda; Azwar Manaf
Jurnal Sains Materi Indonesia Vol 21, No 2: JANUARY 2020
Publisher : Center for Science & Technology of Advanced Materials - National Nuclear Energy Agency

EFFECT OF ANNEALING CYCLES ON DEEP DRAWABILITY OF LOW CARBON TITANIUM ADDED STEEL. Maximum mechanical properties and deep drawability of low carbon titanium added steels was obtained after heat treatment with simulation batch annealing cycles in an industrial process. The effect of holding times and holding temperatures on deep drawability were studied using tensile test for measuring normal anisotropy (r-value) and strain hardening exponent (n-value). Scanning electron microscope were employed for observation of microstructure in steel sheets. X-ray diffraction with pole figure techniques were also used for measuring texture of annealing. Results showed that as the temperature was increased up to 900 oC, both r and n values increased gradually and peaked in the temperature of 850 oC. This results showed that formability of sheet materials increased until batch annealing temperature reach 850 oC as increasing the ratio of intensities {111} /{100}. The largest mean r value of almost 2.6 was obtained in slow heating at holding temperature of 850 oC with n value of 0.27.

EFFECT OF ANNEALING CYCLES ON DEEP DRAWABILITY OF LOW CARBON TITANIUM ADDED STEEL Muda, Iskandar; Manaf, Azwar
Jurnal Sains Materi Indonesia Vol 21, No 2: JANUARY 2020
Publisher : Center for Science & Technology of Advanced Materials - National Nuclear Energy Agency

EFFECT OF ANNEALING CYCLES ON DEEP DRAWABILITY OF LOW CARBON TITANIUM ADDED STEEL. Maximum mechanical properties and deep drawability of low carbon titanium added steels was obtained after heat treatment with simulation batch annealing cycles in an industrial process. The effect of holding times and holding temperatures on deep drawability were studied using tensile test for measuring normal anisotropy (r-value) and strain hardening exponent (n-value). Scanning electron microscope were employed for observation of microstructure in steel sheets. X-ray diffraction with pole figure techniques were also used for measuring texture of annealing. Results showed that as the temperature was increased up to 900 oC, both r and n values increased gradually and peaked in the temperature of 850 oC. This results showed that formability of sheet materials increased until batch annealing temperature reach 850 oC as increasing the ratio of intensities {111} /{100}. The largest mean r value of almost 2.6 was obtained in slow heating at holding temperature of 850 oC with n value of ï¾0.27.

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