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Jurnal Akademika Biologi
Published by Universitas Diponegoro
ISSN : -     EISSN : 26219824     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
Jurnal Akademika Biologi diterbitkan oleh Departemen Biologi Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Universitas Diponegoro Semarang. Jurnal ini sebagai media publikasi hasil karya ilmiah lulusan S1 Departemen Biologi. Jurnal Akademika Biologi menerima artikel-artikel yang berhubungan dengan bidang ilmu biologi.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 8 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol. 2 No. 4 Oktober 2013" : 8 Documents clear
STRUKTUR KOMUNITAS LARVA TRICHOPTERA DI SUNGAI GARANG SEMARANG Lila Ris Purdyaningrum; Rully Rahadian; Fuad Muhammad
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 2 No. 4 Oktober 2013
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

River is the natural habitat for macrobiotic organisms, one of them is Trichoptera larvae.      Trichoptera larvae can be used as bio-indicator of water pollution because it is sensitive to environmental and habitat characteristics changes. The objective of this research is to examine the community structure of Trichoptera larvae in Garang River Semarang and the river quality based on the biological and physical-chemical factors. This study used survey method and purposive sampling technique to collect the sample.      The locations of the research are four stations which were determined by the land use around the river. Three samples were taken from each station by using 25 x 40 cm surber net. The findings show that the Trichoptera larvae found in four Garang River Semarang observation stations consisted of five genus; they are Cheumatopsyche, Chimarra, Glossosoma, Hydropsyche, and Tinodes. Relative abundance of Glossosoma and Cheumatopsyche at station I were almost balance, thus there was no dominant genus in the station. Trichoptera larvae dominated station II are Glossosoma and Hydropsyche. The Cheumatopsyche and Chimarra were the dominant genus in station III. While at the station IV, the researcher only found Hydropsyche. Trichoptera larvae which were highly diverse was in station III (H' = 1.41) and the lowest was in station IV    (H' = 0). Trichoptera larvae spread evenly in station I, station II, and station III, while station IV was dominated by genus Hydropsyche. In conclusion, the study showed that the highest density, abundance, and diversity level of the Trichoptera larvae in Garang River was in Tinjomoyo area, which had substrate rocks and fast water currents. Based on biological and physical-chemical factors, the condition of the four observation stations                        in Garang River could be grouped into two categories; not polluted and polluted. Keyword: Community structure, Trichoptera larvae, Garang River
DAYA ANTIBAKTERI BERBAGAI KONSENTRASI MINYAK ATSIRI RIMPANG TEMU HITAM (Curcuma aeruginosa roxb.) TERHADAP Bacillus subtilis DAN Staphylooccus aureus SECARA IN VITRO Khodijah Baharun; MG. Isworo Rukmi; Arina Tri Lunggani; Enny Fachriyah
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 2 No. 4 Oktober 2013
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

The rhizome of Curcuma aeruginosa has essential oils compounds and has been used traditionally to help for nourish the skin, asthma, appetite enhancer, and as anthelmintik. Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus are gram positive bacteria that can cause skin disorder such allergic and acne. The aim of this research was to know antibacterial capacity of essential oils from C. aeruginosa in various concentrations against B.subtilis and S.aureus using disc diffusion method. This research was conducted using RAL design (Completely Randomized Design) with concentration of essential oils as a treatment, i.e. 25, 50, 75, and 100% (pure extract without dilution). The result showed that essential oils of C. aeruginosa has antibacterial capacity for both bacteria with different effect depending on the concentrations tested. Essential oils of C. aeruginosa with 100% concentration showed the highest antibacterial capacity against   S. aureus, whereas all concentrations of essential oils from  C. aeruginosa showed weak antibacterial capacity against B. subtilis. Keyword : Curcuma aeruginosa Roxb., distillation, essential oils, antibacterial, S.aureus, B.subtilis
PRODUKSI PIGMEN OLEH ISOLAT KAPANG HASIL ISOLASI DARI ANGKAK KOMERSIAL DI SEMARANG PADA SUMBER N DAN pH BERBEDA Soni Nugraha Anwar; Endang Kusdiyantini; Arina Tri Lunggani
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 2 No. 4 Oktober 2013
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

The development of the food processing industry led to the use of dyes have also increased, especially the type of synthetic dyes that can be harmful to consumers because of its toxicity. Natural dyes to be one of the alternatives used in the field of food. One of the natural dyes is widely used as a food coloring that is red yeast rice. Red yeast rice is rice that is overgrown by the mold Monascus sp. that produces pigment. This study aims to obtain pure isolates of red yeast rice molds that are in Semarang and knowing the growth and production of red pigment in the fungi isolates the different source of N and pH. The treatment is done by growing PDB (potato dextrose broth) in the medium with treatment medium pH 3,5,7 and 9 as well as optimization of the nitrogen source Ammonium chloride 1 %, Ammonium Nitrate 1 %, and Peptone 1 %. Analysis of pigments using a spectrophotometer with a wavelength (λ) of 500 nm and analysis of dry cell weight mycelia (g/l). The results showed the highest pigment concentration at treatment pH 7 with 0.812 absorbance value and the highest value of the cell dry weight at pH 7 is 1.232 g/l. Results of optimization with different nitrogen sources showed the highest pigment levels in the addition of a nitrogen source Ammonium Chloride 1 % to the value of 0.821 absorbance and dry weight of most cells are in Ammonium Nitrate is 2.556 g/l. Keywords: Pigment, Angkak, Isolate Fungus, pH, Nitrogen.
PREFERENSI BERTELUR NYAMUK Aedes aegypti L. BERDASARKAN JARAK PENEMPATAN OVITRAP BERMEDIA AIR DOMESTIK TERHADAP OVITRAP BERMEDIA AIR RENDAMAN JERAMI Wahyu Nur Hidayah; Jafron Wasiq Hidayat; Rully Rahadian
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 2 No. 4 Oktober 2013
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Ovitrap is one of the environmentally friendly equipment of controlling Aedes aegypti which causes dengue fever. The utilization of ovitraps by adding attractant substances which are placed in certain distances can stimulate the mosquitoes’ sense of smell in order to lure them. The objective of this study were to determine the effective placing distance of ovitrap’s domestic water media on ovitrap’s hay-soaked water medium in order to lure Ae. aegypti on laying eggs, and to understand the oviposition preferences of Ae. aegypti based on the  placing distance of ovitrap’s domestic water media on ovitrap’s hay-soaked water medium. This research design was factorial experiment by using Split Plot. The water medium used was hay-soaked water as the control. The domestic water media used were well water, tap water, and rain water which were placed with the distance of 0 meter, 1 meter, 3 meters, and 5 meters from the hay-soaked water by using 3 replications. The independent variable were the placing distance and water media, while the dependent variable was the number of eggs trapped. The data were analyzed by using two-way ANOVA with the significance level of 95%. The findings showed that the placing of ovitrap’s well water and tap water with the distance of 5 meters is still effective to distract the oviposition preferences of Ae aegypti on hay-soaked water, while in the well water was only effective up to 3 meters. The water media has no effect on oviposition preferences of Ae aegypti when they are placed up to 5 meters away from the hay-soaked water. This happens due to the high concentration of ammonia in the hay-soaked water which attract the mosquitoes to choose compared to other water media to lay eggs.    Keywords: Aedes aegypti, ovitrap, attractant, hay-soaked water, ammonia
PENGARUH KOMPOSISI MEDIUM PERENDAM TERHADAP MASA KESEGARAN BUNGA POTONG KRISAN (Chrysanthemum morifolium R.) Desi Arisanti; Erma Prihastanti; Endang Kusdiyantini
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 2 No. 4 Oktober 2013
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Chrysanthemum morifolium is a cut flower with high economic value, however this flower has relatively short freshness period, thus it is necessary to use soaking solution by adding shredded basil leaves extract solution and carrageenan hydrogel material in it. Hydrogel serves as the water provider and energy substrate for respiration process of chrysanthemum. The basil leaves extract works as anti-bacterial and anti-fungal. The soaking is done to extend the freshness period of the chrysanthemums. This study aims to describe the effect ofthe composition of basil leaves extract and carrageenan hydrogel material on soaking medium to the freshness period of chrysanthemum, also to study the microorganism growth on the soaking medium. This research uses Completely Randomize Design on factorial pattern with two factors. First, Hydrogel Concentration (H): without hydrogel, 500 ml of water (H0); 10 g of carrageenan hydrogel, 400 ml of basil solvent (H1); 10 g of carrageenan hydrogel, 500 ml of basil solvent (H2); 10 g of carrageenan hydrogel, 600 ml of basil solvent (H3). Second, basil leaves extract (K): without basil leaves extract, without hydrogel (K0); 125 g/l of basil leaves extract (K1); 250 g/l of basil leaves extract (K2); 375 g/l of basil leaves extract (K3). This research uses 16 treatments 3 replications. The analysis is done by applying ANOVA, followed by Duncan’s test at the significance level of 95%. The research parameter includes the blooming flowers percentage, freshness period of spray chrysanthemum, and the condition of the soaking medium. The findings show that the composition of 400 ml of  250 g/l concentration of basil leaves extract, and 10 g of carrageenan hydrogel can extend the freshness period of chrysanthemum by 12.67 days, and prove that some microorganisms grow in the soaking medium. Keywords: spray chrysanthemums, soaking medium, basil leaves extract, carrageenan hydrogel, freshness period.
LAJU PERTUMBUHAN PUYUH (Coturnix coturnix japonica) SETELAH PEMBERIAN TEPUNG KUNYIT (Curcuma longa) PADA PAKAN Sylvia Frida Jamelah; Koen Praseno; Tyas Rini Saraswati
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 2 No. 4 Oktober 2013
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Research on The Growth Rate of The Japanese Quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) After the Addition of Turmeric Powder (Curcuma longa) on Feed the animal test subjects were the Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica) which grouped into several treatment groups i.e. P0 (group of quails fed with standard feeding), P1 (group of quails fed with standard feeding which then added with turmeric powder 54 mg/head/day on age 14 to 44 days old), and P2 (group of quails fed with standard feedingwhich then added with turmeric powder 54 mg/head/day on age 14 to 120 days old), while parameters measurement was carried out for 4 months. The main observed parameter was weight increment which measured every once a week starting from 7 days old quails in each treatment group, while proponent parameters were feed and water intake. Measurement of weight was done using scaleon each quail in battery cages. The growth rate was obtained by calculating the difference between last week weight with first week weight per unit time, and was done on each quail in battery cages. Obtained data was analyzed using Analysis of variance (ANOVA) on the basis of a completely randomized design (CRD). If there was a difference among the treatments then proceed with further testing, using Duncan Test at a significance level of 95%. Based on the analysis of variance, it showed that there was a significant difference on feed intake while the growth rate didn’t indicate significant difference. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the turmeric powder as feed additive has no potential to increase the weight and the growth rate of the Japanese quail. Key words: Growth Rate, Quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica), turmeric powder (Curcuma domestica)
PREFERENSI PELETAKAN TELUR DAN PENGHAMBATAN PERKEMBANGAN PRADEWASA NYAMUK Aedes aegypti L. DI BERBAGAI MEDIA AIR Makna Fathana Sabila; Rully Rahadian; Jafron Wasiq Hidayat
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 2 No. 4 Oktober 2013
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Water media influences the effectiveness of the use of ovitrap media for Ae. aegypti. Water media which is prefered by the mosquito as well as inhibition the premature growth have huge potency in controlling Ae. aegypti. The objective of this study were to investigate the preference of oviposition of Ae. Aegypti and to determine the premature growth of Ae. aegypti in water media containing a combination of organic matter and different chlorine concentrations, also to examine the interaction between organic matter and chlorine to the preferences of oviposition and the premature growth of Ae. Aegypti. The method of this study is done by experiment by applying Completely Randomize Design (RAL). This study used two types of water media combination. The media combinations contained organic materials and chlorine with seven different treatments. They were well water (control), water added with soil and hay-soaked water added with chlorine by 5, 10, and 15 ppm respectively. The findings show that Ae. aegypti have the tendency in choosing hay-soaked water in lay the eggs since it has abundant content of organic matter in it. The mean amount of Ae. aegypti oviposition in the water medium combination ranged from 84 to 152.7 eggs, while the percentage of premature survival rate ranged from 59.4% to 97%. In conclusion, the study showed that the preference of oviposition is highly influenced by the organic matter content of the media. Both organic matter and chlorine do not inhibit the premature growth of Ae. aegypti. However, the interaction between organic matter and chlorine to the preferences of oviposition and the premature growth of Ae. aegypti was not found. Keywords: Aedes aegypti, combination, ovitrap, organic matter, chlorine.
BIOPROSPEKSI BAKTERI YANG BERASOSIASI DENGAN ALGA HIJAU HALIMEDA MACROLOBA, CAULERPA RACEMOSA, DAN ULVA SP SEBAGAI PENGHASIL SENYAWA ANTIBAKTERI Risky Panji Nugroho; Anto Budiharjo; Endang Kusdiyantini
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 2 No. 4 Oktober 2013
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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Abstract

Bacteria can grow in various environments, including those associated with marine organisms such as algae, sponge, sea grass and soft corals. For these organisms, bacteria help building their defense by producing secondary metabolites such as bioactive compound.  This research aims to study the potency of the bacteria which interact with green algae Halimeda macroloba, Caulerpa racemosa, and Ulva sp which are able to produce antibacterial compound. Algae, which belong to Chlorophyta, are common to be found in marine water. This research used bacterial isolation, morphologic bacterial isolate characterization, antibacterial test, molecular identification of the antibacterial compound producer isolate, and biochemical activity test. From the isolation, the researcher was able to collect five bacterial isolate; one from H. macroloba, three from C. racemosa, and one isolate from Ulva sp. Of the five isolates, one isolate from C. racemosa can prevent the E.coli, and one isolate from H. macroloba can prevent E.coli and P.aeruginosa. Isolate derived from Halimeda macroloba have the biggest prevention zone ability, which is 18.1 mm, towards P.aeruginosa. Keywords: Antibacterial, Bacterial Association, Halimeda macroloba, Caulerpa racemosa,      Ulva sp

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