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INDONESIA
LITERASI: Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Humaniora
Published by Universitas Jember
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Core Subject : Humanities, Art,
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Articles 103 Documents
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REPRESENTASI SEKSUALITAS DALAM TIGA NOVEL PEREMPUAN INDONESIA: SAMAN, LARUNG, DAN NAYLA Sunarti, Sastri
LITERASI: Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Humaniora Vol 1, No 1 (2011)
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Abstract

Artikel ini mendiskusikan representasi seksualitas dalam karya sastra dari perspektif perempuan. Dengan menganalisis Saman, Larung, dan Nayla, saya akan menunjukkan representasi seksualitas melalui ekspresi hasrat seksual, figur personal, wacana tubuh, metafora seks perempuan, pernikahan, stereotip seks perempuan, dan pemerkosaan terhadap perempuan. Pada masa lampau, membicarakan seksualitas dalam karya sastra adalah ranah penulis lelaki. Kesadaran ideologis di antara para penulis perempuan, khususnya yang disebabkan oleh wacana feminisme, menjadikan mereka berani menulis tidak hanya tentang perasaan mereka, tetapi pilihan mereka dalam menjalani hidup, termasuk hasrat dan pilihan seksual. Terlepas dari perdebatan kontroversial di antara kritikus sastra, dengan merepresentasikan seksualitas, penulis perempuan bisa menikmati kebebasan. Dengan kata lain, mereka menolak menjadi objek dari hasrat lelaki. Lebih jauh, dalam tiga novel tersebut, para tokoh perempuan melawan dominasi patriarkal. Kata kunci: representasi, seksualitas, feminisme, sastra
PEREMPUAN SUBALTERN DALAM KARYA SASTRA INDONESIA POSKOLONIAL Saputra, Asep Deni
LITERASI: Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Humaniora Vol 1, No 1 (2011)
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Abstract

Spivak membuat pernyataan, “Can the subaltern speak?” yang meragukan suara perempuan bisa didengar untuk melawan sistem patriarkal dan kolonial. Dia juga menyatakan bahwa perempuan sebagai kelompok subaltern tidak memiliki bahasa konseptual yang mereka gunakan untuk berbicara dan tak ada telinga kaum lelaki–baik pribumi maupun penjajah– berkenan mendengar. Artikel ini mendeskripsikan posisi perempuan sebagai kelompok subaltern dalam mengartikulasikan bahasa melawan patriarki dan sistem kolonial dalam sastra poskolonial. Posisi inferioritas dan perempuan sebagai kelas bawah, perempuan sebagai pembantu rumah tangga ataupun perempuan tradisi, bisa bertarung, baik di ruang publik maupun domestik. Para perempuan mencoba untuk mengartikulasikan suara mereka agar didengar oleh tatanan patriarkal dan kolonial, meskipun mereka menyadari posisi mereka sebagai kelas-kedua di dalam masyarakat. Kata kunci: perempuan, subaltern, resistensi, sastra poskolonial
PERAN SASTRA MULTIKULTURAL SEBAGAI MEDIA KOMUNIKASI ANTARBANGSA Al-Ma’ruf, Ali Imron
LITERASI: Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Humaniora Vol 1, No 1 (2011)
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Abstract

Sastra multikultural berhubungan dengan perubahan masyarakat global dan lokal yang menjadi pluralistik. Pengarang merespons kondisi pluralistik tersebut dan menginterpretasikannya dalam karya sastra multikultural, khususnya, yang merujuk pada posmodernisme. Banyak penulis muda menghasilkan sastra jenis tersebut. Sastra multikultural berpotensi menjadi media komunikasi internasional dan pendidikan karakter bangsa, yang mana, saat ini, para guru, pemerintah, dan tokoh masyarakat mengembangkannya. Lebih dari itu, sastra multikultural mampu melampaui batasan agama, etnis, bahasa, budaya, dan bangsa. Secara praktis, aktivitas kurikuler, ko-kurikuler, dan ekstra-kurikuler bisa menjadi medium untuk menyosialisasikan nilai-nilai multikultural melalui sastra. Lebih khusus lagi, sastra multikultural berpotensi menjadi media yang mempersatukan dan menggabungkan substansi lokal, nasional, dan internasional secara damai yang di dalamnya masyarakat bisa hidup dalam harmoni. Kata kunci: global, karakter, sastra, lokal, multikultural, nasional
KEPEMIMPINAN PRAKOLONIAL DALAM NAGARA KRTAGAMA DAN BABAD TANAH JAWI PRE-COLONIAL LEADERSHIP Rohman, Saifur
LITERASI: Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Humaniora Vol 1, No 1 (2011)
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Abstract

Artikel ini mendiskusikan representasi kepemimpinan dalam dua naskah, Nagara Krtagama (1365) dan Babad Tanah Jawi (1788). Saya berargumen bahwa Negara Krtagama merepresentasikan kepemimpinan Kerajaan Majapahit, sedangkan Babad Tanah Jawi merepresentasikan kepemimpinan Kesultanan Demak, Mataram, dan Pajang. Pertimbangan interdisipliner —melibatkan kajian filsafat, psikologi, sastra, dan budaya— membantu saya untuk memformulasikan anggitan kepemimpinan pascakolonial dalam tubuh pemerintah Indonesia yang masih memobilisasi konsep kepemimpinan prakolonial. Dengan menggunakan metode semiotika dan heuristik, saya menemukan lima elemen kepemimpinan prakolonial, yakni: (1) sumber legitimasi; (2) nilai bersama sebagai norma; (3) media komunikasi; (4) strategi kepemimpinan; dan, (5) pemecahan masalah. Saya menyimpulkan bahwa strategi kepemimpinan lampau yang digunakan dalam kepemimpinan masa kini merupakan indikasi simptomatik kepemimpinan prakolonial Mataram. Karakteristiknya adalah manipulasi legitimasi, kurangnya kesadaran moral, dan berdasarkan permainan kuasa. Kata kunci: Nagara Krtagama, Babad Tanah Jawi, kepemimpinan prakolonial
LINGUISTICS AND HUMANITIES STUDY Mahsun, Mahsun
LITERASI: Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Humaniora Vol 1, No 1 (2011)
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Abstract

Language is not merely one of cultural elements, but also medium of culture itself. As medium of culture, we can study cultural systems and behaviors of its members. This article offers conceptual and methodological formula about contribution of linguistics in reading cultural systems and behaviors of particular language speakers. By using Sumbawa and Sasak language as data, I will elaborate language units in both of them from which some cultural behaviors appear. Keywords: information, culture, humanism, linguistic,  
A LEADERSHIP TRADITION IN MADURESE FISHING COMMUNITY IN PANARUKAN Wati, Diah Ismoyo
LITERASI: Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Humaniora Vol 1, No 1 (2011)
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Abstract

Based on field research, this article discusses maritime leadership principle in Madurese fishing community, in Panarukan, Situbondo, East Java. This community has a unique tradition called as toron tompa’an. In this tradition, juragan laut (a ship leader) will feel very ashamed and decide to resign from his position if he failed in getting more fishes, especially cob fish. Although for reaching the position as juragan laut needs hard works and strict step by step mechanism with good achievement, he decide to resign because such failure means he, as a leader, cannot give enough livelihoods to the crews and juragan darat (a ship owner). For Indonesian context, the resign tradition in toron tompa’an will give a good teaching for political and governmental elites who never have such tradition when they made fatal failure in conducting the governance. Further, the tradition will be suitable value for making Indonesia better and more democratic. Keywords: Madurese fishing community, Panarukan, toron tompa’an
DASENG SANGGALUHANG: A COMMUNITY WISDOM IN MANAGING MARITIME AND FISHERIES RESOURCE Bustami, Abdul Latif
LITERASI: Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Humaniora Vol 1, No 1 (2011)
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Abstract

This article discusses daseng sanggaluhang as fishing community’s wisdom in managing maritime and fisheries resource in District Tatoareng Island, Sangihe Regency, North Sulawesi. For the discussion, it uses a qualitative design for analyzing field data collected through in-depth interviews, participant observation, and document studies. The article has some conclusions. Firstly, daseng Sanggaluhang by setting up a temporary home at the location of fishing ground for 3-6 months in accordance with customary rules loads on the suggestion and the prohibition in the management of marine resources and fisheries equipped with social sanctions for noncompliance. Secondly, daseng carries out in accordance with the dynamics of the community through strengthening the rule of customary rules through formal regulation. Thirdly, daseng functions as meaningful cosmos purification, conservation ecology, communalism, and regeneration principles. Fourthly, daseng loads rule-based ecological conservation that substantially contributes to the future of fishing communities themselves, especially to ensure ecological, social, and economic sustainability as a model of maritime development and sustainable fisheries. Keyword: community wisdom, daseng Sanggaluhang, Sangihe Island
MENYUARAKAN KAUM YANG TERABAIKAN Saputra, Heru S.P.
LITERASI: Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Humaniora Vol 1, No 1 (2011)
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Abstract

Resensi bukuJudul buku Sastra Indonesia Awal: Kontribusi Orang TionghoaPenulis Claudine SalmonPenerbit Kepustakaan Populer Gramedia, Jakarta  
MODERNITY, LOCALITY, AND POSTCOLONIALITY OF VILLAGERS IN THE 80S Setiawan, Ikwan
LITERASI: Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Humaniora Vol 1, No 1 (2011)
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Abstract

Being modern in local sphere at the 80s was a complicated process. Local societies experienced and dreamed modern cultures as the dominant discursive formation caused by Green Revolution, but they still believed and practiced traditional cultures. The New Order regime’s developmentalism policy resulted socio-cultural shifting and change in both cities and villages. This article, by combining cultural studies and postcolonial studies, discusses genealogy of socio-cultural shifting and change in a village at the 80s when modern cultures came into peasants’ life--world through public television programs, education, and industrial products. However, I see the villagers could play in-between space to appropriate some modern cultures and negotiate some traditional cultures into their daily life. The cultural in-betweenness has represented the dynamics of village postcoloniality under direction of the New Order regime and has made modernity as ideological dream for the villagers in constructing their locality. Keywords: villagers, modernity, the 80’s, locality, postcoloniality
MYSTICISM ELEMENTS IN LAW OF BUTON MANUSCRIPT Niampe, La
LITERASI: Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Humaniora Vol 1, No 1 (2011)
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Abstract

This article discusses the mysticism elements (tasawuf) in Undang-undang Buton (Law of Buton) which only function as parable. By using philological approach, I will describe the elements as follow. Firstly, God Element compared to the position of Wolio government, the authority of the Sultan and Sapati. Secondly, the Seven Status Elements compared to seven ranks in Wolio government. Thirdly, the Twenty Characters Elements compared to the total of custom completeness of the Sultan and Sapati. Fourthly, the Al-Qur’an element with thirty-three sections, compared to the total of minister in Wolio government. Fiftly, the Conviction Elements with seventy-two individuals compared to the total of the villages in Wolio government. The existences of the five elements are believed able to give blessing value to Law of Buton. Further, the existence of those elements in Law of Buton also gives political legitimacy for Buton government. Keyword: mysticism elements, Law of Buton, parable, Wolio

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