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Journal of Tropical Life Science : International Journal of Theoretical, Experimental, and Applied Life Sciences
Published by Universitas Brawijaya
ISSN : 20875517     EISSN : 25274376     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture, Social,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Environmental Science
The Journal of Tropical Life Science (JTLS) provides publication of full-length papers, short communication and review articles describing of new finding or theory in living system, cells and molecular level in tropical life science and related areas. The journal publishes articles that report novel findings of wide Tropical Life system phenomenon in the areas of biodiversity, agriculture, fisheries, health, husbandry, forestry and environmental technology. JTLS has 1 volume with 3 issues per year.
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Articles 12 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 7, No 1 (2017)" : 12 Documents clear
Effect of Tetrodotoxin from Crude Puffer Fish (Tetraodon fluviatilis) Liver Extract on Intracellular Calcium Level and Apoptosis of HeLa Cell Culture Untario, Natanael; Dewi, Titik Cinthia; Widodo, M. Aris; Rahaju, Pudji
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 7, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.07.01.04

Abstract

Cervical cancer is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer and fourth leading cause of women death with 8% of total death caused by cancer in women in 2008. Tetrodotoxin (TTX) is a potent neurotoxin found in inner organs puffer fish, with the specific mechanism of sodium channel blocking, and widely used for research purposes. Previous reports claimed that TTX has the capability of inhibiting the metastatic process of cancer and apoptotic effect. Studies also show that apoptosis is a process involving the increase of intracellular calcium level, yet the connection between TTX and increase of intracellular calcium level, therefore triggering apoptosis, has not been established. This is an experimental study with post test only control group design, carried out by exposing HeLa cell culture to a crude liver extract of a puffer fish species, Tetraodon fluviatilis. Crude puffer fish liver extract is administered into HeLa cell culture well in different concentrations 10-4, 10-2, and 10-1. Intracellular calcium level and apoptosis were then measured after 18 hours of incubation. Measurements of intracellular calcium level were done by using CLSM with Fura-2AM staining, and apoptosis by using flowcytometry with Annexin V/PI.  The result shows that there is a significant difference between samples both in intracellular calcium (p < 0.05) and apoptosis (p < 0,05). Both intracellular calcium and apoptosis levels are proportional to liver fish extract concentration. Pearson’s correlation test shows correlation between treatment and intracellular calcium levels (p = 0.000), between treatment and apoptosis (p = 0.002), but not between intracellular calcium and apoptosis (p = 0.05). These results suggest that TTX induces an increase in intracellular calcium level and apoptosis, but calcium pathway is not the sole cause of the apoptosis. 
Cross Reaction among Antibody Pili sub unit Hemagglutinin Proteins and Outer Membrane sub unit Hemagglutinin Proteins of Shigella flexneri Fitrianingsih, Avin Ainur; Rachma, Lailia Nur; Milliana, Alvi; Hernowati, Tinny Endang; Aulanni'am, Aulanni'am; Santoso, Sanarto; Prawiro, Sumarno Reto
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 7, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.07.01.01

Abstract

Shigella  flexneri is the most common causal agent of shigellosis. Its pili are composed of pili protein subunits. Adhesion molecules can be found on the pili and outer membrane proteins (Omp). A hemagglutination reaction can be used for screening of adhesion molecules. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the molecular weight of the pili protein subunits and outer membrane proteins of S. flexneri that act as hemagglutinin proteins, and to prove whether there is a cross-reaction between antibodies against hemagglutinin pili protein subunits and outer membrane proteins of S. flexneri. Methods: Pili protein subunits were isolated using pili bacteria cutters, and the outer membrane proteins were solubilized and obtained using sodium dodecyl sulfate 0.05% as detergent for Omp isolation.  The hemagglutination reaction used mice erythrocytes. The cross reactions between subunit pili proteins were conducted by Western blot and Dot blot. Results:. Antibodies against hemagglutinin sub unit pili protein 18 kDa responded to pili protein subunits 18 kDa; 23 kDa; 34 kDa; and 53 kDa; and Omp 23 kDa and 27 kDa. Omp and subunit pili proteins S. flexneri consists of several identical epitopes  that were responsible for the similarity of the response profile in the cross-reactions of antibodies. 
Evaluation of Indigenous Potato Challisha (Solanum tuberosum L. Cv. Challisha) Somaclonals Tolerance to Salinity In Vitro Biswas, Md. Sanaullah; Islam, Md. Riazul; Zakaria, Mohammad
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 7, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.07.01.13

Abstract

Potato is one of the most important food crops in the world. It is generally sensitive to salinity and likes to grow in neutral soil. On the other hand, salinity is increasing alarmingly in the ever changing climatic conditions. Thus, the selection of salt tolerant potato cultivars is necessary to keep pace the production of potato. To select salt tolerant cultivars, here we attempt to compare the salinity level between indigenous and modern cultivars. In vitro selection of local and modern potato cultivars were investigated with five levels of NaCl (0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 mM). The indigenous potato Challisha and modern cultivars Diamant and Felsina were used as plant materials. Significant differences were noticed among the cultivars in response to different levels of NaCl. Plant growth and root development were gradually reduced with increased concentration of NaCl. All three cultivars were survived well with exhibiting different growth status up to 60 mM NaCl, but they performed poorly at 120 mM of NaCl. Cultivar Challisha performed better regarding shoot length, root length, the number of nodes per plantlet and the fresh weight per plant up to 90 mM of NaCl. Thus, we can conclude that local indigenous variety Challisha is salt tolerant comparing with the modern cultivated varieties.
The Impact of Nutrition, Helminth Infection, and Lifestyle on Elementary School Student’s Achievement Buntoro, Ika Febianti; Deo, Dwita Anastasia; Woda, Rahel Rara
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 7, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.07.01.05

Abstract

There is a lot of helminth infections and malnutrition cases in Indonesia. Some of the effects of helminth infection are anemia, diarrhea, malnutrition, intestinal obstruction, growth and developmental disorder, and also cognitive impairment. This study aimed to explore the impact of nutrition, helminth infection, and lifestyle on elementary school students’ achievement. An observational analytical study with the cross-sectional design was used. The study was participated by 65 elementary school students grade 3, 4, and 5. The study was conducted in Pasir Panjang Elementary School, Kupang, Nusa Tenggara Timur, Indonesia. The data was analyzed using chi-square. There were 7 students (10.77%) having helminth infections:4 students (57.1%) had Ascarislumbricoides infection, 2 students (28.6%) had Enterobius vermicularis infection, and 1 student (14.3%) had Strongyloides stercoralis infection. There were no differences found on students’ achievement between students with normal and low nutritional state (p = 0.917; p > 0.05) and between different lifestyle habit  (p = 0.768;  p > 0.05). However, a significant difference in students’ achievement was found between students with and without helminth infection (p = 0.036; p < 0.05). Helminth infection had a significant impact on elementary school students’ achievement, but no significant impact found for differences in nutritional state and lifestyle habit.
Effect of Vitamin D3 Supplementation to 25(OH)D, IL-17, and HbA1c Level in Pediatric Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Rangkuti, Rahmah Yasinta; Tjahjono, Harjoedi Adji
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 7, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.07.01.06

Abstract

Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) is the consequence of autoimmune destruction process of β cells which associated with Th17 activity and low 25(OH)D level. This study was aimed to investigate the effect of vitamin D3 supplementation toward 25(OH)D level, Th17 activity (IL-17) and glycemic control (HbA1c) in pediatric T1DM. This study was designed as randomized clinical trials (RCT), double-blind, pre and post-test controlled study. Subject was children with T1DM who were divided into two groups: K1: subjects were treated with insulin 0.5–2 IU/day + vitamin D3 2000 IU/day for 3 months, K2: subjects were treated with insulin 0.5–2 IU/day + placebo for 3 months. Levels of 25(OH)D, IL-17 and HbA1c were evaluated after 3 months treatment using ELISA. After 3 months treatment, results showed that 25(OH)D level was significantly higher in K1 compared with K2 (p = 0.00), IL-17 level was significantly lower K1 compared with K2 (p= 0.022). Surprisingly, HbA1c level in K1 was not significantly different with K2 (p = 0.93). Furthermore, in vitamin D-treated group, 25(OH)D level was elevated significantly after 3 months treatment with vitamin D (p = 0.00), IL-17 level was reduced significantly after 3 months treatment with vitamin D (p= 0.001)  and HbA1c level was reduced insignificantly after 3 months treatment with vitamin D (p= 0.76). Correlation study showed that there was no correlation between 25(OH)D level with IL-17 level (p= 0.160, r= -0.284) and 25(OH)D with HbA1c (p= 0.62, r= -0.10). This study can be conclude that vitamin D3 supplementation may elevate the 25(OH)D and reduce IL-17 level but did not change HbA1c level in pediatric T1DM.
The Effect of Turmeric Decoctum to the Angiogenic Molecules Expression on Chicken Embryo Zahariah, Sultanah; Winarsih, Sri; Baktiyani, Siti Candra Windu; Rahardjo, Bambang; Kalsum, Umi
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 7, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.07.01.10

Abstract

Turmeric (Curcuma longa) is widely used as herbal medicine, not an exception by pregnant women. Turmeric consumption by expectant mothers requires standard dose, because of its antiangiogenic effect could be harmful on placentation process and embryonic development. This experiment was undertaken to determine the effect of different concentrations of turmeric decoctum to the expression of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) and Angiopoietin 1 (Ang-1) on the 48-hours-old chicken embryo. In this study, turmeric was extracted using decoction method to mimic the common method as adopted by people. The turmeric decoctum were freeze dried into a powder form and was used in preparing the stock solution for 200 ppm (P1), 300 ppm (P2), and 400 ppm (P3) as experimental treatments. The control group (P0) received 2% DMSO without turmeric decoctum. These were administered on the yolk sack of 16 hours incubation of fertile chicken egg by number of 200 µL. After 48 hours incubation, the expression of VEGFR-2 and Ang-1 on the chicken embryo were counted by ImageJ software. The results revealed that there is no significant effect of turmeric decoctum to the expression of VEGFR-2 and Ang-1. This suggested that turmeric decoctum was safe up to 400 ppm on chicken embryo.
Group A β-hemolytic Streptococcus Detection Using Anti-Outer Membrane Protein (OMP) Immunoglobulin G (IgG) Alluza, Hamid Hunaif Dhofi; Mayasari, Ema Dianita; Prawiro, Sumarno Reto; Winarsih, Sri
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 7, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.07.01.02

Abstract

Streptococcal pharyngitis sequel such as Rheumatic Fever (RF) or Rheumatic Heart Disease (RHD) is an autoimmune response mediated by T cells and IgG. Since it is an autoimmune process, the result of bacterial culture as the gold standard of diagnosis often shows negative results. IgG against the 33 kDa OMP is considered as an important mediator in the process of these autoimmune diseases, so its presence in blood serum can be used as a diagnostic tool. The purpose of this study is to prove that 33 kDa OMP is one of the immunogenic parts of the Streptococcus Group A β-hemolytic, so it is expected that IgG anti-33 kDa OMP can recognize and respond the bacteria and to support the probability of the Streptococcus Group A β-hemolytic infection. This study was a laboratory experimental study with a control group design. Animal used was RattusNovergicus immunized with whole cell bacteria or 33 kDa OMP mixed with Complete Freund’s Adjuvant or Incomplete Freund’s Adjuvant. Polyclonal IgG was obtained by drawing blood serum from the animals after immunization with Streptococcus Group A β-hemolytic for 4 weeks (A; n = 5) and 8 weeks (B; n = 5) or immunization with OMP 33 kDa for 4 weeks (C; n = 5) and 8 weeks (D; n = 5) and also negative control group (E; n = 5). Immunological tests were done using Dot Blot assay, ELISA, and immunocytochemical examination. The data obtained was then evaluated with statistical tests Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney and Repeated ANOVA (p < 0.05). The result showed that there was a difference in humoral immune response (IgG) between the groups albeit the difference was not significant (p > 0.05). Dot Blot and immunocytochemical tests indicated that IgG anti-33 kDa OMP were able to recognize and respond the Streptococcus Group A β-hemolytic antigen. This study concluded that 33 kDa OMP was the immunogenic part of the bacteria and that IgG anti-33 kDa OMP could recognize and respond the Streptococcus Group A β-hemolytic bacteria. 
Anthropometry, Fatty Liver, Plasma Lipid, and Adipose Tissue on Rat Wistar Induced Low-Protein Diet Handayani, Dian; Kusumastuty, Inggita; Tritisari, Kanthi Permaningtyas; Ekawati, Laily; Galuh, Glaveria; Muniro, Lailatul; Satya, Lega; Supratiwi, Ratih Indah; Mahmudah, Anis
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 7, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.07.01.08

Abstract

Protein energy malnutrition problem still exists in developing country. In fact, Indonesia has faced it as double burden of nutrition problems. This study aims to develop a standardized diet for developing protein energy malnutrition (PEM) on the rat to support nutrition research. Low-protein modified AIM-93M diet (LP) has been given to rats for 12 weeks intervention compared to normal protein diet (ND). Anthropometry, plasma lipid, fatty liver and the weight of adipose tissue have been analysed. The LP group showed a significantly lower body weight, body length and waist circumference (p < 0.05), a more fatty liver marker shown in LP compared to ND (p < 0.05). This study suggests that giving low protein modified AIN-M93 diet promotes protein energy malnutrition in the rat.
Isolation of Arsenic Resistant Escherichia coli from Sewage Water and Its Potential in Arsenic Biotransformation Bista, Basanta; Shakya, Sangita
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 7, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.07.01.11

Abstract

Arsenic contamination in drinking water from ground water poses a threat to the health of a large population in developing countries in Asia. This has sparked great interests in the potential of different microbes in arsenic resistance and removal from water. This study involves isolation of arsenic resistant Escherichia coli from sewage water from Kathmandu University and investigation of its attributes. Arsenic resistant E. coli was successfully isolated which could survive in high concentration of arsenic. The maximum tolerance of arsenite was 909.79 mg/L (sodium arsenite) and 3120.1 mg/L arsenate (sodium arsenate) which is well above most natural concentration of arsenic in ground water. This particular E. coli tolerated multiple heavy metal like silver nitrate, cobalt sulphate, cadmium chloride, nickel chloride, mercury chloride, copper sulphate, and zinc chloride at concentration 20 µM, 1 mM, 0.5mM, 1mM, 0.01 mM, 1 mM, and 1 mM respectively which are concentrations known to be toxic to E. coli. Biotransformation of arsenite to arsenate was also checked for by a qualitative silver nitrate technique. This E. coli was able to transform arsenate to arsenite. It showed some sensitivity to Ciprofloxacin, Gentamicin and Nalidixic Acid. As E. coli and its genome are very widely studied, these particular properties have a lot of potential in microbial remediation or microbial recovery of metals and possible recombination approaches.
The Canopy Structure and Its Impact on Hydrological Performance of Five Local Trees Species Grown in the Purwodadi Botanic Garden Darmayanti, Agung Sri; Fiqa, Abban Putri
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 7, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.07.01.07

Abstract

The hydrological performance of individual tree can be estimated by measuring the stem flow, throughfall and rainfall interception. Water distribution through tree canopy is affected by tree architectural model and another tree’s morphology. This research was done in order to predict the most appropriate tree species that is suitable on soil and water conservation. This research was conducted in Purwodadi Botanic Garden during the rainy season on January 2014 to March 2015, in order to examine the interception rate, throughfall and stemflow on some selected local plants i.e Syzygium polyanthum, Diospyros blancoi, Schleichera oleosa, Madhuca longifolia, and Canarium vulgare. Other observation that support the data, was also measured i.e. Leaf Area Index (LAI), crown depth, leaf size, Diameter of Breast Height (DBH), and height of tree on each species. Results showed that Diospyros blancoi has the highest interception value, which is 53 %, followed by C. vulgare 47.4%, S. oleosa 46.9 %, M. longifolia 38.6%, and S. polyanthum 35.6% respectively. Under the heavy rain, D. blancoi, which has the highest LAI value, also showed the best performance in the rainfall interception value and showed significantly different among others. Canopy interception and stem flow is related to rainfall, the higher the rainfall, the higher the throughfall and the stemflow among species. Morphology on each species, gives the different effect on their partitioning rainfall value.    

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