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Ni Putu Diantariani
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jurnalkimia@unud.ac.id
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+628123640424
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jurnalkimia@unud.ac.id
Editorial Address
Program Studi Kimia Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Universitas Udayana Kampus Bukit Jimbaran, Jimbaran, Bali, Indonesia
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Kota denpasar,
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INDONESIA
Jurnal Kimia (Journal of Chemistry)
Published by Universitas Udayana
ISSN : 19079850     EISSN : 25992740     DOI : 10.24843/JCHEM
Core Subject : Science,
Jurnal Kimia (Journal of Chemistry) publishes papers on all aspects of fundamental and applied chemistry. The journal is naturally broad in scope, welcomes submissions from across a range of disciplines, and reports both theoretical and experimental studies.
Articles 14 Documents
Search results for , issue "Vol. 17, No.2, Juli 2023" : 14 Documents clear
TOXICITY TEST OF ORANGE BENALOY LEAVES ETHANOL (Scurrula ferrugenia (Jack) Danser) ON Artemia salina L. Shrimp LARVA AND IDENTIFICATION OF SECONDARY METABOLITE COMPOUNDS N. K. N. Yulandari; W. S. Rita; N. L. Rustini
Jurnal Kimia (Journal of Chemistry) Vol. 17, No.2, Juli 2023
Publisher : Program Studi Kimia, FMIPA, Universitas Udayana (Program of Study in Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Udayana University), Bali, Indonesia

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Benalu jeruk, Scurrula ferrugenia (Jack) Danser, dapat dimanfaatkan untuk pengobatan kanker atau sitotoksik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui toksisitas ekstrak etanol daun benalu jeruk (Scurrula ferruginea (Jack) Danser) terhadap larva udang Artemia salina serta kandungan golongan senyawa metabolit sekunder dengan metode skrining fitokimia. Ekstraksi dilakukan dengan metode maserasi dan partisi, Uji toksisitas dilakukan dengan metode Brine Shirmp Lethality Test (BSLT), dan skrining fitokimia dilakukan dengan menggunakan beberapa pereaksi pendekteksi golongan senyawa. Maserasi 1 kg serbuk daun benalu jeruk menghasilkan ekstrak pekat etanol sebesar 49,74 gram. Proses partisi 10 gram ekstrak pekat etanol menghasilkan 5,3838 gram ekstrak pekat n-heksana, 2,2239 gram ekstrak pekat etil asetat, 1,3012 gram ekstrak pekat n-butanol dan 1,0911 gram ekstrak air. Hasil uji toksisitas ekstrak etanol, n-heksana, etil asetat, n-butanol dan air secara berturut-turut dengan nilai LC50 162,7565; 83,3017; 147,0026; 660,2279; dan 921, 6679 ppm. Skrining fitokimia menunjukkan hasil positif terhadap metabolit sekunder alkaloid, saponin, steroid, flavonoid, dan tanin. Kata kunci: benalu jeruk (Scurrula ferrugenia (Jack) Danser, toksisitas, uji fitokimia ABSTRACT The citrus parasite, Scurrula ferrugenia (Jack) Danser, can be used for the treatment of cancer or cytotoxic. This study aimed to determine the toxicity of the ethanol extract of citrus parasite leaves (Scurrula ferruginea (Jack) Danser) against shrimp larvae of Artemia salina and the content of secondary metabolite compounds using phytochemical screening methods. The extraction was carried out by the maceration and partitioning methods, the toxicity test by the Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) and phytochemical screening by using several detection reagents. Maceration of 1 kg of citrus parasite leaves yielded a concentrated ethanol extract of 49.74 grams. The partition process of 10 grams of concentrated ethanol extract produced 5.3838 grams of concentrated n-hexane extract, 2.2239 grams of concentrated ethyl acetate extract, 1.3012 grams of concentrated n-butanol extract and 1.0911 grams of water extract. The toxicity test for ethanol, n-hexane, ethyl acetate, n-butanol and water extracts resulted in LC50 values ??of 162.7565; 83.3017; 147.0026; 660.2279; and 921.6679 ppm, respectively. Phytochemical screening showed positive results for secondary metabolites of alkaloids, saponins, steroids, flavonoids, and tannins. Keywords: citrus parasite (Scurrula ferrugenia (Jack) Danser, toxicity, phytochemical test
STUDI INTERAKSI GLYCOGEN SYNTHASE KINASE-3? DENGAN SENYAWA AKTIF HIBISCUS SABDARIFFA LINN. SECARA IN SILICO R. K. Anggraeni; T. Andraini; L. Erlina
Jurnal Kimia (Journal of Chemistry) Vol. 17, No.2, Juli 2023
Publisher : Program Studi Kimia, FMIPA, Universitas Udayana (Program of Study in Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Udayana University), Bali, Indonesia

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Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn. (HSL) merupakan salah satu tanaman yang ada di Indonesia. Tanaman tersebut diketehui mengandung banyak senyawa aktif yang berkhasiat, seperti quercetin. Senyawa tersebut termasuk dalam golongan flavonoid yang diketahui berpotensi untuk menghambat aktifitas Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3? (GSK-3?). GSK-3? terlibat dalam berbagai aspek fungsi otak mulai dari perkembangan otak awal, hingga berbagai aspek fungsinya pada orang dewasa seperti perkembangan sinaptik yang tepat dan transmisi saraf. Disregulasi aktivitas GSK-3? baik pada perkembangan awal atau pada masa dewasa dapat menjadi predisposisi gangguan neuropsikiatri dan neurologis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi, mengevaluasi serta mengeksplorasi afinitas dan interaksi molekuler antara senyawa aktif HBS terhadap GSK-3? dengan menggunakan simulasi penambatan molekuler secara in silico. Penelitian ini diawali dengan preparasi GSK-3? dan penetapan sisi aktifnya menggunakan ligan alaminya. Selanjutnya dilakukan studi interaksi molekuler antara senyawa aktif HSL terhadap sisi aktif GSK-3? dengan metode molekuler docking. Hasil uji menunjukkan bahwa Methyl_ epigallocatechin dan 3-Methylquercetin memiliki kemampuan untuk berikatan dengan GSK-3?. Dari hasil molekuler docking dan farmokokinetik dapat disimpulkan bahwa senyawa Methyl_ epigallocatechin dan 3-Methylquercetin berpotensi menjadi inhibitor kompetitif GSK-3? berdasarkan studi in silico. Kata kunci: GSK-3?, Diabetes Melitus, Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn. ABSTRACT Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn. (HSL) is one of the plants in Indonesia. These plants are known to contain many efficacious active compounds, such as quercetin. These compounds belong to the class of flavonoids which are known to have the potential to inhibit the activity of Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3? (GSK-3?). GSK-3? is involved in various aspects of brain function from early brain development, to various aspects of its function in adults such as proper synaptics and nerve transmission. Dysregulation of GSK-3? activity either in early development or in adulthood can predispose to neuropsychiatric and neurological disorders. This study aims to identify, evaluate and investigate the affinity and molecular interactions between HBS active compounds for GSK-3? using in silico molecular docking simulations. This study began with the preparation of GSK-3? and determination of its active site using natural ligands. Furthermore, a molecular interaction study was carried out between the HSL active compound and the active site of GSK-3? using the molecular docking method. The test results showed that Methyl_ epigallocatechin and 3-methylquercetin had the ability to bind to GSK-3?. From the results of molecular docking and pharmacokinetics, it can be concluded that the compounds Methyl-epigallocatechin and 3-Methylquercetin have the potential to become competitive inhibitors of GSK-3? based on in silico studies. Keywords: GSK-3?, Diabetes Mellitus, Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn.
SPESIASI DAN BIOAVAILABILITAS Pb DAN Cu DALAM TANAH PERTANIAN ORGANIK SERTA KANDUNGAN LOGAM TOTALNYA DALAM SAYUR PAKCOY (BRASSICA RAPA L.) A. A. D. P. Sari; I. A. G. Widihati; I G. A. G. Bawa
Jurnal Kimia (Journal of Chemistry) Vol. 17, No.2, Juli 2023
Publisher : Program Studi Kimia, FMIPA, Universitas Udayana (Program of Study in Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Udayana University), Bali, Indonesia

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Denpasar sebagai salah satu pusat kota penghasil sayur organik di Bali dan juga sebagai daerah destinasi pariwisata, memiliki tingkat pencemaran yang relatif tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui spesiasi dan bioavailabilitas logam Pb dan Cu pada tanah dan edible part sayur pakcoy yang ditanam di Kota Denpasar. Metode untuk menentukan bioavailabilitasnya menggunakan ekstraksi bertahap dan pengukuran konsentrasi logam Pb dan Cu menggunakan Instrumen AAS (Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer). Spesiasi logam Pb dominan bersifat berpotensi bioavailable dengan persentase sebelum penanaman dan saat panen sebesar 90,46% dan 79,30%. Sementara itu, spesiasi logam Cu pada tanah dominan bersifat non bioavailable dengan persentase sebelum penanaman dan saat panen sebesar 55,98% dan 48,85%. Kandungan Pb dan Cu total.dalam tanah sebelum penanaman diperoleh sebesar 45,1504 mg/kg dan 84,9271 mg/kg namun, saat panen logam Pb mengalami kenaikan sebesar 99,84% dan logam Cu mengalami penurunan sebesar 12,50% dari kondisi awal. Pada bagian edible part sayur pakcoy kandungan Pb dan Cu sebesar 7,7164 mg/kg dan 20,6295 mg/kg. Berdasarkan Badan Pengawas Obat dan Makanan, sayur pakcoy pada semua lahan dalam penelitian ini tergolong tercemar logam Pb dan Cu karena melebihi ambang batas yang telah ditentukan. Kata Kunci: bioavailabilitas, logam total, pakcoy, Pb dan Cu, pertanian organik. ABSTRACT Denpasar as one of the city centers in Bali, which produces organic vegetables and is also a tourism destination, has a relatively high level of pollution. The goal of this research was to determine the speciation and bioavailability of Pb and Cu metals in soil and edible parts of Bok choy vegetables grown in Denpasar City. The method used to determine the bioavailability was sequential extraction and the Pb and Cu metal concentrations using the AAS (Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer) instrument. The speciation of Pb was dominantly potentially bioavailable with the percentage before planting and at harvest of 90.46% and 79.30%, respectively. Meanwhile, the speciation of Cu on the soil was dominantly non-bioavailable with the percentage before planting and at harvest of 55.98% and 48.85%, respectively. The total Pb and Cu contents in the soil before planting were 45,1504 mg/kg and 84.9271 mg/kg, but when harvested, the Pb content increased by 99.84% and the Cu content decreased by 12.50% from the initial conditions. In the edible part of the Bok choy vegetable, the Pb and Cu contents were 7.7164 mg/kg and 20.6295 mg/kg. Based on the Food and Drug Supervisory Agency, Bok choy vegetables in all lands in this study were classified as contaminated with Pb and Cu metals because they exceeded the specified threshold. Keywords: bioavailability, Bok choy, organic agriculture, total metal, Pb and Cu
OPTIMALISASI PROSES MORDANTING PADA PEWARNAAN ALAMI KAIN TENUN TIMOR DENGAN TANIN KULIT BIJI ASAM SEBAGAI BIOMORDAN M. T. D. Tea; R. E. Y. Adu; L. D. Moruk
Jurnal Kimia (Journal of Chemistry) Vol. 17, No.2, Juli 2023
Publisher : Program Studi Kimia, FMIPA, Universitas Udayana (Program of Study in Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Udayana University), Bali, Indonesia

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Pewarnaan kain tenun Timor menggunakan pewarna alami menghasilkan warna kain yang kurang intens dan kurang stabil terhadap pencucian, sehingga membutuhkan proses mordanting menggunakan biomordan tannin dari kulit biji asam (Tamarindus indica L.). Beberapa faktor dapat mempengaruhi proses mordanting untuk memperoleh karakteristik warna kain yang tidak mudah luntur terhadap pencucian yaitu konsentrasi mordan, lama waktu, suhu dan teknik mordanting yang digunakan. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan optimalisasi terhadap proses mordanting pada pewarnaan kain tenun Timor untuk mengetahui kondisi optimum dalam pewarnaan dengan mordan tanin dari kulit biji asam. Ekstraksi zat warna dan biomordan tanin dilakukan terlebih dahulu. Optimalisasi dilakukan terhadap teknik mordanting seperti pra, meta dan pasca mordanting. Variabel lain yang dioptimasi yaitu konsentrasi biomordan, suhu dan lama waktu mordanting. Parameter kualitas kain yang ditentukan setelah proses pewarnaan adalah ketahanan luntur terhadap pencucian yang diuji menggunakan Staining Scale Standard. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa karakteristik ketahanan luntur kain tenun Timor yang diperoleh melalui pewarnaan secara alami menggunakan biomordan tanin kulit biji asam dipengaruhi oleh kondisi mordanting. Ketahanan luntur yang baik diperoleh pada penggunaan teknik pra-mordanting, konsentrasi biomordan 15%, waktu 120 menit dan suhu 95oC. Kata kunci: biomordan, kulit biji asam, tanin, tenun Timor, warna alami ABSTRACT The natural dyeing of Timor woven fabrics produces products with less color intensity and less stability to washing, so it requires a mordanting process using bio-mordant tannin from tamarind seed coat (Tamarindus indica L.). Several factors can affect the mordanting process to obtain the characteristics of high color fastness of fabrics namely the mordant concentration, length of time, temperature and mordanting technique. In this study, optimization of the mordanting process for dyeing Timor woven fabrics was carried out to determine the optimum conditions for staining with tannin mordant from the tamarind seed coat. The extraction of dyestuffs and tannin bio-mordant was carried out first. Optimization is carried out on mordanting techniques such as pre, meta, and post-mordanting. Other variables that were optimized were concentration of bio-mordant, temperature, and length of mordanting time. The parameter of the fabric quality after the dyeing process is the color fastness to washing which is tested using the Staining Scale Standard. The results showed that the fastness characteristics of Timor woven fabrics obtained through natural dyeing using tamarind seed coat tannin bio-mordant were affected by mordanting conditions. A good color fastness was achieved by using the pre-mordanting technique, 15% bio-mordant concentration, 120 minutes, and 95oC temperature. Keywords: bio-mordant, tamarind seed coat, tannin, Timor weaving, natural color
BIOAVAILABILITAS LOGAM BERAT Pb DAN Cu DALAM SEDIMEN DAN AKUMULASINYA DALAM BUAH PEDADA (Sonneratia alba) DI KAWASAN MANGROVE, KEDONGANAN I M. R. Setiawan; I. E. Suprihatin; I M. Siaka
Jurnal Kimia (Journal of Chemistry) Vol. 17, No.2, Juli 2023
Publisher : Program Studi Kimia, FMIPA, Universitas Udayana (Program of Study in Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Udayana University), Bali, Indonesia

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Ekomangrove Kedonganan merupakan salah satu tempat wisata di Desa Kedonganan. Selayaknya tempat wisata, kawasan mangrove tersebut banyak dipengaruhi oleh aktivitas manusia yang menyebabkan terjadinya pencemaran logam berat khususnya Pb dan Cu. Logam berat yang mengendap dalam sedimen dapat terserap dalam tumbuhan mangrove, terutama logam yang bersifat bioavailable. Logam yang masuk ke dalam tumbuhan dapat terdistribusi dan terakumulasi pada seluruh bagian tumbuhan, salah satunya yaitu buahnya. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk menentukan tingkat bioavailabilitas logam Pb dan Cu dalam sedimen serta konsentrasi totalnya dalam sedimen dan buah pedada (Sonneratia alba). Bioavailabilitas ditentukan melalui spesiasi logam dengan menggunakan metode ekstraksi bertahap sedangkan logam total dalam buah ditentukan dengan metode digesti basah yang kuantifikasinya dilakukan menggunakan Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS). Konsentrasi logam Pb dan Cu total dalam sedimen di Kawasan Mangrove Kedonganan berturut-turut yaitu 306,7680 – 333,9511 mg/kg dan 21,2510 - 33,2587 mg/kg. Kandungan Pb dan Cu dalam sedimen di kawasan tersebut didominasi oleh logam yang berpotensi bioavailable yaitu 69,75 – 75,03% untuk Pb dan 76,20 – 84,25% untuk Cu, kemudian diikuti oleh logam yang bersifat bioavailable berkisar 17,33 – 19,57% untuk Pb dan 9,91 – 14,76% untuk Cu, sedangkan logam yang bersifat non-bioavailable berkisar 7,64 – 10,68% untuk logam Pb dan 2,20 – 13,90% untuk logam Cu. Konsentrasi logam Pb dan Cu total yang terakumulasi dalam buah pedada berturut-turut yaitu 1,8592 – 10,7469 mg/kg dan 1,5348 – 2,2687 mg/kg. Buah pedada yang tumbuh di Kawasan Mangrove Kedonganan tercemar oleh logam Pb karena telah melewati ambang batas yang diperbolehkan dalam Surat Keputusan Dirjen Pengawas Obat dan Makanan yaitu 2,0 mg/kg. Kata kunci: bioavailabilitas, ekomangrove, logam berat, sonneratia alba ABSTRACT Ecomangrove Kedonganan is one of the tourist attractions in Kedonganan village. Like a tourist spot, the mangrove area is heavily influenced by human activities which cause heavy metal pollution, especially Pb and Cu. Heavy metals that settle in sediments can be absorbed in mangrove plants, especially metals that are bioavailable. Metals absorbed by plants can be distributed and accumulated in all parts of the plant, including fruit. The purpose of this study was to determine the bioavailabilities of Pb and Cu in sediments and their total concentrations in sediments and pedada fruit (Sonneratia alba). The bioavailability was determined through metal speciation using the sequential extraction method and the determination of total metal in fruit was carried out by the wet digestion method, followed by the metals measurement using Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS). The concentrations of Pb and Cu total in sediments at Kedonganan Mangrove area were 306.7680 – 333.9511 mg/kg and 21.2510 - 33.2587 mg/kg, respectively. Sediments in the area contained Pb and Cu which were dominated by the potentially bioavailable metals, namely 69.75 – 75.03% for Pb and 76.20 – 84.25% for Cu, followed by the metals that were bioavailable ranging from 17.33 – 19.57% for Pb and 9.91 – 14.76% for Cu, while the non-bioavailable metals ranged from 7.64 – 10.68% for Pb and 2.20 – 13.90% for Cu. The concentrations of Pb and Cu total accumulated in pedada fruit were 1.8592 – 10.7469 mg/kg and 1.5348 – 2.2687 mg/kg respectively. The pedada fruits collected from Kedonganan Mangrove area were contaminated by Pb because they contained Pb higher than the threshold in the regulation of the Director General of Drug and Food Control of 2.0 mg/kg. Keywords: bioavailability, ecomangrove, heavy metals, sonneratia alba
PENYISIHAN LOGAM Ca DAN Mg DALAM AIR TANAH MENGGUNAKAN ARANG AKTIF DARI SABUT PINANG (Areca catechu L.) ASAL PULAU TIMOR M. S. Batu; M. G. Kolo; M. M. Kolo; A. R. Saka
Jurnal Kimia (Journal of Chemistry) Vol. 17, No.2, Juli 2023
Publisher : Program Studi Kimia, FMIPA, Universitas Udayana (Program of Study in Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Udayana University), Bali, Indonesia

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Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang adsorpsi logam kalsium (Ca) dan magnesium (Mg) dalam air tanah menggunakan arang aktif dari limbah sabut pinang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik dari arang aktif, waktu kontak dan massa adsorben optimum pada proses adsorpsi logam Ca dan Mg dalam air tanah menggunakan arang aktif limbah sabut pinang. Pembuatan arang aktif dilakukan melalui 2 tahapan yaitu tahap karbonasi yang dilakukan pada suhu 400 oC selama 15 menit dan tahap aktivasi kimia menggunakan NaOH 1,5 M selama 24 jam. Proses adsorpsi menggunakan metode batch dengan variasi waktu kontak 30; 60; 90; 120 dan 180 menit dan massa adsorben 0,5; 1; 1,5; 2 dan 2,5 gram. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh arang aktif dari sabut pinang memiliki kadar air sebesar 8,13%, kadar abu 13,43%, daya serap terhadap iodin sebesar 1.179,98 mg/g dan analisis gugus fungsi menggunakan FTIR menunjukkan adanya gugus O–H, C–H alifatik dan aromatik, gugus C?O, dan C?C. Waktu kontak optimum pada proses adsorpsi menggunakan arang aktif limbah sabut pinang terhadap logam Ca dan Mg adalah pada waktu 120 menit dengan efisiensi adsorpsi untuk logam Ca sebesar 49% dan 73% untuk logam Mg, sedangkan massa adsorben optimum pada proses adsorpsi adalah pada massa 1,0 gram dengan efisiensi adsorpsi 48% untuk logam Ca dan 72% untuk logam Mg. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan mengenai penanganan logam kalsium dan magnesium dalam air tanah dengan memanfaatkan limbah sabut pinang sebagai adsorben. Kata kunci: limbah sabut pinang, arang aktif, adsorpsi, kalsium, magnesium. ABSTRACT The research has been carried out on the adsorption of calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) metals in groundwater using activated charcoal from areca coir waste. This study aims to determine the characteristics of activated charcoal, contact time and optimum adsorbent mass in the adsorption process of Ca and Mg metals in groundwater using activated charcoal from areca coir waste. The production of activated charcoal was done in 2 stages, namely the carbonation stage, which was carried out at 400 oC for 15 minutes and the chemical activation stage, using 1.5 M NaOH for 24 hours. The adsorption process used a batch method with a variation of contact time of 30; 60; 90; 120, and 180 minutes and the adsorbent mass was 0.5; 1; 1.5; 2 and 2.5 grams. Based on the research results, it was found that activated charcoal from areca nut has a moisture content of 8.13%, ash content of 13.43%, absorption of iodine of 1,179.98 mg/g and functional group analysis using FTIR showed the presence of O–H, C–H aliphatic and aromatic, C?O, and C?C groups. The optimum contact time in the adsorption process using activated charcoal from areca and Mg waste for Ca and Mg metal was 120 minutes, with adsorption efficiency for Ca metal of 49% and 73% for Mg metal, while the optimum adsorbent mass in the adsorption process was at mass 1, 0 gram with adsorption efficiency of 48% for Ca metal and 72% for Mg metal. This research contributes to increasing knowledge regarding handling calcium and magnesium metals in groundwater by utilizing areca coir waste as an adsorbent. Keywords: areca coir waste, activated charcoal, adsorption, calcium, magnesium
SINTESIS FOTOKATALIS ZnO-SiO2 DENGAN METODE SOL GEL UNTUK FOTODEGRADASI ZAT WARNA RHODAMIN B L. Nainggolan; I W. Sudiarta; I W. Suarsa
Jurnal Kimia (Journal of Chemistry) Vol. 17, No.2, Juli 2023
Publisher : Program Studi Kimia, FMIPA, Universitas Udayana (Program of Study in Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Udayana University), Bali, Indonesia

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Penelitian mengenai sintesis ZnO-SiO2 dengan metode sol gel dan penggunaannya dalam mendegradasi zat warna tekstil Rhodamin B telah berhasil dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan dalam mengetahui karakteristik dari komposit ZnO-SiO2, menentukan waktu optimum dan pH optimum fotodegradasi zat warna Rhodamin B. Karakterisasi fotokatralis meliputi analisis difraksi sinar-X (XRD) untuk kristalinitas, analisis morfologi permukaan dengan mikroskop elektron (SEM), analisis gugus fungsi dengan spektrofotometer infra merah (FTIR). Aktivitas fotokatalitik ditentukan dengan mengukur degradasi larutan Rhodamin B melalui pengukuran absorbansi Rhodamin B sisa dengan metode spektrofotometri UV-Visible. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan fotokatalis ZnO-SiO2 berhasil disintesis dengan ukuran kristal berkisar dari 15,51 – 82,71 nm, dengan rata-rata ukuran kristal sebesar 48,53 nm dan kristal berbentuk wurtzite (hexagonal). Fotodegradasi dipengaruhi oleh waktu penyinaran dan pH larutan. Fotodegradasi optimum terjadi pada pH 6 dan waktu penyinaran 3 jam, serta %D (persentase degradasi) 99,10 ± 0,42 %. Kata kunci: fotodegradasi, karakterisasi, Rhodamin B, ZnO-SiO2 ABSTRACT Research about the synthesis of ZnO-SiO2 with a sol-gel method and its use in degrading the textile dye Rhodamine B has been done. This research aims to know the characteristics of the ZnO-SiO2 composite and determine the optimum time and pH for the photodegradation of Rhodamine B dye. The photocatalytic characterization included X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis for crystallinity, surface morphology analysis by electron microscopy (SEM), and analysis of the functional groups by using an infrared spectrophotometer (FTIR). The photocatalytic activity was determined by measuring the degradation of the Rhodamine B solution by measuring the absorbance of the remaining Rhodamine B using the UV-Visible spectrophotometry method. The results showed that the ZnO-SiO2 photocatalyst was successfully synthesized with crystal sizes ranging from 15.51 – 82.71 nm, an average crystal size of 48.53 nm and a wurtzite (hexagonal) structure. The photodegradation was affected by irradiation time and the pH of the solution. The optimum photodegradation conditions occurred at pH 6 and irradiation time of 3 hours, with the percentage of degradation (%D) of 99.10 ± 0.42%. Keywords: characterization, photodegradation, Rhodamin B, ZnO-SiO2
PENGARUH SUHU DAN WAKTU EKSTRAKSI BERBANTU GELOMBANG ULTRASONIK TERHADAP FITOKIMIA DAN ANALISA GUGUS FUNGSI DARI EKSTRAK DAUN JELATANG (Urtica dioica L.) N. L. S. Sari; F. W. Laksono; Salsabila .; L. Kurniasari
Jurnal Kimia (Journal of Chemistry) Vol. 17, No.2, Juli 2023
Publisher : Program Studi Kimia, FMIPA, Universitas Udayana (Program of Study in Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Udayana University), Bali, Indonesia

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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh suhu dan waktu pada rendemen ekstraksi berbantu gelombang ultrasonik daun jelatang (Urtica dioica L.). Sepuluh gram simplisia daun jelatang dimasukkan ke erlenmeyer dan ditambahkan 100 ml pelarut etanol 96% (1:10 b/v), kemudian diekstraksi dengan kombinasi suhu 30, 40, dan 50 oC selama 10, 20, dan 30 menit pada frekuensi 50 Hz. Berdasarkan riset yang telah dilakukan, rendemen tertinggi ekstrak daun jelatang adalah 8% dihasilkan pada suhu 40 °C dan waktu 30 menit. Sementara itu, rendemen terendah adalah 2% didapatkan pada suhu 30 °C dan waktu 10 menit. Hasil analisa fitokimia secara kualitatif menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak daun jelatang mengandung alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin dan steroid. Selanjutnya sampel dianalisis menggunakan alat FTIR untuk mengetahui gugus fungsi yang ada pada ekstrak daun jelatang. Dari hasil analisis gugus fungsi tersebut diketahui bahwa ekstrak daun jelatang secara dominan mengandung senyawa fenolik di dalamnya. Kata kunci: analisis fitokimia, analisis gugus fungsi, daun jelatang, ekstraksi ultrasonik. ABSTRACT This research aimed to analyze the effect of temperature and time on the ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) yields of nettle leaf (Urtica dioica L.). Ten grams of simplicia was put into an Erlenmeyer and dissolved in 100 ml of 96% ethanol solvent (1:10 w/v), then extracted at a variation of temperatures of 30, 40, and 50 oC, during various times of 10, 20, and 30 minutes and with a frequency of 50 Hz. The results showed that the highest yield was 8% obtained at a temperature of 40 0C and an extraction time of 30 minutes, while the lowest yield was 2% gained at a temperature of 30 0C and an extraction time of 10 minutes. The qualitative analysis indicated that the extract contained alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins and steroids. The most optimal sample from the phytochemical test results was then analyzed using the FTIR to determine the functional groups contained in the nettle leaf extract. From the FTIR results, it was concluded that the nettle leaf extract predominantly consisted of phenolic compounds. Keywords: nettle leaf, ultrasound assisted extraction, phytochemical analysis, functional group analysis.
Alcohol Level in Black and White Glutinous Rice Brem at Various Doses of Yeast And Fermentation Time N. K. Ariati; N. M. Suaniti; N. M. D. Darma Yanti
Jurnal Kimia (Journal of Chemistry) Vol. 17, No.2, Juli 2023
Publisher : Program Studi Kimia, FMIPA, Universitas Udayana (Program of Study in Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Udayana University), Bali, Indonesia

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Abstract

Brem sebagai hasil fermentasi beras ketan putih maupun hitam memiliki bau asam, rasa manis, serta mengandung alkohol dengan kadar yang berbeda-beda sesuai perlakuan dalam fermentasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan kadar alkohol dalam brem beras ketan putih dan hitam dengan variasi dosis ragi 1,0; 1,5; dan 2,0% serta lama fermentasi 2, 4, dan 6 hari. Kadar alkohol dalam brem beras ketan putih dan hitam ditentukan dengan kromatografi gas detektor ionisasi nyala (GC-FID). Hasil penelitian menunjukan kadar alkohol dalam brem beras ketan putih meningkat dengan bertambahnya dosis ragi yang diberikan namun menurun dengan bertambahnya lama fermentasi. Sementara, pada kadar alkohol brem beras ketan hitam terus meningkat dengan bertambahnya dosis ragi dan lama fermentasi. Kadar alkohol tertinggi dihasilkan dalam brem beras ketan hitam yang difermentasi dengan penambahan dosis ragi 2,0% dengan lama fermentasi 6 hari. Kata kunci: brem, ketan putih, ketan hitam, dosis ragi, kadar alkohol, lama fermentasi ABSTRACT Brem as a product of a fermentation of black and white glutinous rice has an acidic smell, a sweet taste, and contains alcohol. This research aimed to determine the alcohol levels in the brem of black and white glutinous rice with yeast dosage variation of 1,0; 1,5; and 2,0% fermented within 2, 4, and 6 days. The alcohol levels in the black and white glutinous rice brem were determined using Gas Chromatography - Flame Ionization Detector (GC-FID). The research results showed that the alcohol level in the white glutinous brem increased with the increase in yeast dosage but decreased as the fermentation time increased. On the other hand, the higher of yeast dosage and the fermentation time, the higher the alcohol content of the black glutinous rice brem obtained. The highest alcohol level was produced by the black glutinous rice, which was fermented with the yeast dosage of 2% yeast and a fermentation time of 6 days. Keywords: alcohol level, fermentation duration, white and black glutinous rice brems, yeast dosage
DEGRADASI FOTOKATALITIK LIMBAH CAIR BATIK JAMBI MENGGUNAKAN KATALIS HETEROGEN CAO DARI CANGKANG KERANG BAMBU (ENSIS SP.) A. Saputra; W. Utami; S. Ningsih; Deliza .
Jurnal Kimia (Journal of Chemistry) Vol. 17, No.2, Juli 2023
Publisher : Program Studi Kimia, FMIPA, Universitas Udayana (Program of Study in Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Udayana University), Bali, Indonesia

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Abstract

Limbah cair zat warna Batik Jambi mengandung senyawa organic non-biodegradable yang bersifat karsinogenik. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui efektivitas katalis CaO dalam mendegradasi limbah cair zat warna Batik Jambi. Pada penelitian ini, limbah cair zat warna Batik Jambi didegradasi menggunakan metode fotokatalitik penyinaran matahari dan lampu UV 38 watt dengan dan tanpa katalis CaO dari cangkang kerang bambu. Larutan limbah warna dianalisis menggunakan spektrofotometer UV-VIS pada panjang gelombang 200-800 nm dengan massa katalis 0,02 gram. Data memperlihatkan bahwa hasil degradasi limbah cair zat warna Batik Jambi yang paling baik yaitu penambahan katalis CaO dan penyinaran matahari selama 3 jam sebesar 60,34%. Sedangkan penyinaran lampu UV selama 3 jam hanya sebesar 36,12%. Hasil penelitian dapat memberikan beberapa manfaat yaitu sebagai sumber informasi bagi pengrajin batik tentang pengolahan limbah cair Batik secara sederhana. Selain itu, studi ini sebagai data dukung bagi pemerintah tentang pembuatan produk hukum terkait pengolahan limbah cair batik yang belum terperhatikan. Kata kunci: Batik Jambi, CaO, degradasi, fotokatalitik, katalis ABSTRACT The wastewater of Batik Jambi dye contains non-biodegradable organic compounds that are carcinogenic. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the CaO catalyst in degrading the Batik Jambi dye wastewater. In this research, Batik Jambi dye wastewater was degraded using the photocatalytic method the solar irradiation and a 38-watt UV lamp with and without a CaO catalyst from bamboo shells. The colored waste solution was analyzed using a UV-VIS spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 200-800 nm with a catalyst mass of 0.02 grams. The data showed that the best result of degradation of Jambi Batik dye wastewater was the addition of a CaO catalyst and solar irradiation for 3 hours of 60.34%. Whereas UV light irradiation for 3 hours was only 36.12%. The result of research could provide several benefits, namely as a source of information for batik craftsmen about the simple processing of liquid waste. In addition, this study served as supporting data for the government regarding the manufacture of law product related to the treatment of batik wastewater which has not been considered Keywords: catalyst, CaO, degradation, photocatalytic

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