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ETERNAL: English Teaching Journal
Published by Universitas PGRI Semarang
ISSN : 20865473     EISSN : 26141639     DOI : -
Core Subject : Education,
Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media
ETERNAL (English Teaching Journal) is published twice a year in the month of February and August ISSN 2086-5473 (Print) and ISSN 2614-1639(Online). It presents articles on English language teaching and learnings, literature and research. The contents include analysis studies, application of theories, research reports, material developments and reviews.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 286 Documents
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MISANDRY IN ANNE STEVENSONS POEM "THE VICTORY": A PSCHOANALYTIC FEMINIST STUDY Widiyanto, M wahyu; Kustantinah, Indri; Astria, Isana
ETERNAL Vol 2, No 1 (2011): Februari 2011
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This literary analysis of Anne Stevenson’s poem “The Victory” answers the factors which triggering misandry, how misandry is described in the poem and what impacts of misandry toward “I” and her baby in the poem. This research is carried by some theories of feminism and psychoanalysis. “The Victory” poem tells about misandry which means hatred toward men as a sex. The woman hates the man who has done her sexual aggression in a manner brutal and hideous. Factors trigger a womans hatred is a male dominated society makes men think that they have privilege and power over women either physically or psychologically that stimulates them to legalize oppression among women. And the impact of misandry towards the "I" and her baby in the poem are postpartum depression, mothers neglect to love her baby, and tendency to do child abuse or harm her own baby, while the impact for the baby itsef is that he would accept less affection from his mother and the tendency to do misoginy towards women in the future as the manifestation of his life experience. The conclusion is that Misandry comes from gynocentric use of gender in a male dominated society. A male dominated society makes men think that they have privilege and power over women either physically or psychologically that stimulates them to legalize oppression among women. Those women who feel oppressed and aggressed either physically and psychologically think that this is an unjust treatment upon them that makes them unite and gather to defend and protect themselves from mens unjust treatment under a terminology called "misandry".
GENRE ANALYSIS ON READING PASSAGES GRADE VII ENGLISH TEXTBOOKS Sukma, Ardini Nur
ETERNAL Vol 1, No 1 (2010): Februari Edisi 1
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Abstract Referring to the latest curriculum, School-Based Curriculum, every English textbook should provide genres based on the level of literacy of each grade. On this paper, I analyzed English textbooks published by Erlangga – English on Sky (EOS), and by Pakar Raya -- Let’s Talk. This paper focuses on how are the reading passages of the textbooks compatible with “Standard Isi”?. Coinciding with the statement of the problems, the objectives of this paper are to describe the generic structures of the texts, the types of text, linguistic features, social purposes, and then their compatibility to “Standar Isi”. There are some crucial problems found such; the types of text provided in EOS were Descriptive (80%) and Procedure (20%), whereas in Let’s Talk were Descriptive (57.2%) and Procedure (42.8%). Looking at the percentage of both text types, I found a crucial problem in EOS on some texts and in applying simple continuous tense in descriptive text. To sum up the result, I conclude that Let’s Talk is more compatible than EOS. Keywords: Genre, text, social purpose, generic structure, linguistic features, School-Based Curriculum (KTSP), English textbook, communicative competence, “Standar Isi”.
DESIGNING A CLASSROOM LANGUAGE TEST FOR JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS Suwandi, Suwandi
ETERNAL Vol 1, No 1 (2010): Februari Edisi 1
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Abstract   This paper attempts to give a scratch of classroom language test design which might be of a great necessity for teachers who want to evaluate their students’ attainment of their language program. Several important points should be taken into consideration to meet the quality of a language classroom test, among others are the stated objectives in the curriculum, the purpose of the test, the test items used, the test specifications that will reflect both the purpose and the objectives, the kind of scoring, grading, and/or feedback expected. This test design is also done under the basis of School Based Curriculum (KTSP) where discourse competence is of primary objective to be achieved. The competence concerns with the selection, sequencing, and arrangement of words, structures, sentences, and utterances to achieve a unified spoken or written text.   Key words:  discourse, competence, KTSP, objectives
CULTURAL AWARENESS FOR ENGLISH LEARNERS Senowarsito, Senowarsito; AB Prabowo, KA
ETERNAL Vol 1, No 1 (2010): Februari Edisi 1
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Abstract The purpose of this study is how to enhance cultural awareness for English learners in Indonesia. Culturally, the learners have got accustomed to using Indonesian mind set or Indonesian expression style rather than native English style. The aim of teaching learning language is that learners should have communicative competence. The communicative competence model (Celce-Murcia et al) introduces that the main competence of communicative competence is discourse competence. The discourse competence can be achieved if the learners have socio-cultural competence, linguistic competence and actional competence. It means that teaching English involves not only knowledge of linguistic aspects and speech act or rhetoric aspects but also socio-cultural aspects, certain features and characteristics of the culture. In the teaching learning process, language and culture are considered interconnected. It can be stated that a language is a part of culture and a culture is a part of a language. Language cannot be taught without reference to cultural context. By understanding socio-cultural contexts, learners can encounter the factors of cultural differences. English teachers should acknowledge English expressions to the learners in English cultural contexts. In order to help teacher in assisting learners to overcome cultural problems, some activities recommended are role plays, simulation, games, readings, watching English films, inviting native speaker to attend a classroom, giving assignment to the learners to meet native speaker, and cross cultural gathering with expatriates. Thus, the English learners are expected to be able to use English as a means of communication in various spoken and written English contexts. Moreover, the development of the learners’ cultural awareness leads them to more critical thinking. The learners are more creative and have a sensitivity of culture in producing English utterances. In other words, the learners should have made efforts how to use English communicatively. Pedagogical implication for teaching English as a foreign language should consider English cultural elements integrated in English teaching-learning activities in order to gain communicative competence. Regardless of different point of views, the aim of this study provides necessary information of cultural awareness for the English teachers and learners and that of teaching learning activities incorporating the target language and its culture. Keywords:  cultural awareness, communicative competence, socio-cultural competence
REGISTER, GENRE, IDEOLOGY IN TRANSLATION Nugrahani, Dyah; Arso, Setyaji
ETERNAL Vol 1, No 1 (2010): Februari Edisi 1
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Abstrak Teks adalah satuan unit bahasa yang mengungkapkan makna secara kontektual. Konteks dapat diinterpretasikan sebagai diversitas metafungsinal, yang meliputi makna eksperiensial, makna interpersonal, dan makna tekstual. Di dalam register, makna eksperiensial direalisasikan melalui field (Medan), makna interpersonal melalui tenor (pelibat), dan makna tekstual melalui mode (sarana). Register, genre dan ideologi direalisasikan di dalam teks. Teks akan mengungkapkan makna sosial di dalam konteks situasi dan konteks budaya. Register merujuk pada konteks situasi sedangkan genre merujuk pada konteks budaya. Register meliputi field, tenor, dan mode.
FIGURES OF SPEECH; METAPHOR USED IN HOUSING ADVERTISEMENTS IN “THE POINT” NEWSPAPER IN NOVEMBER 2009 Wahyu, Widianto; Dias, Susanto Andris
ETERNAL Vol 1, No 1 (2010): Februari Edisi 1
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Abstract M. Wahyu Widiyanto and Dias Andris Susanto. Figures of Speech;  Metaphor Used in Housing Advertisements in “THE POINT” Newspaper in November 2009. The objectives of the study are (1) to know the kinds of metaphor are used in housing advertisements, (2) to know how metaphors are used in the realizing meaning. The object of this study was the housing advertisements in “THE POINT” in November 2009. The data were words, phrases and sentences in the housing advertisements that contain metaphors. This research was meant to analyze metaphor used in housing advertisements. To make it more effective, the analysis was conducted through several steps. First, the advertisements from the Jakarta Post newspaper were collected and then those advertisements were arranged in data cards as an attempt to know the metaphor and separated based on the types. Finally, the classified phrases or sentences in the Advertisements were identified and were interpreted to get the final result. The kind of research does not focus on numbers or statistica
A STRUCTURALIST APPROACH TO EARNEST HEMINGWAY’S FOR WHOM THE BELL TOLLS Indri, Kustantinah; Festi, Karima Himatu
ETERNAL Vol 1, No 1 (2010): Februari Edisi 1
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Abstract   This research is undergone in order to look for surface manifestation and to find out deep structure of Earnest Hemingway’s For Whom the Bell Tolls. To convey the novel structure, the particular goals reached in this research is to analyze the plot and structure that relate to conflict in the story. The method used in this research is qualitative that use structuralist approach. The results of this research are (1) it is obviously clear that the surface structure of For Whom the Bell Tolls is novel (its genre). This novel can be categorized in tragedy since it has catastrophe in the end of the story; (2) A deep structure lies on its plot structure that has five stages. The incentive moment of the novel starts at Robert Jordan came to Spain in 1937 to help the Republican in the war, travels behind enemy lines to work with Spanish guerrilla fighters hiding in the mountains. The rising action starts when Pablo (the head of the guerillas) refused to help Robert to explode the bridge since he thought that job endangered their life. Troubles come to Jordan, but he determines to explode the bridge becoming the climax. The falling action follows the explosion of the bridge by Jordan and the guerrillas and the death of some guerrilla fighters. Finally, The death of Robert Jordan becomes the catastrophe of the story.     Keywords:   structuralism, plot, structure, and conflict.
LIVE ORAL STORYTELLING IN “MIDNIGHT SUN AND OTHER STORIES” Sri Suwarti, Suwarti
ETERNAL Vol 1, No 1 (2010): Februari Edisi 1
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Abstract Teaching is considered as an art. Art is closely related to enjoyment and entertainment. There are a lot of efforts should be done to attain the good result of learning. Storytelling can be used as one of forms in teaching in joyfulness. It can be given to the students of all ages at all levels of English proficiency. Live oral storytelling is interesting since the listeners not only can interpret but also express the facial expression and the gestures the storyteller makes. “Midnight sun and other stories” written by Wisnubroto Widiarso published by Kanisius can be used as the alternative in choosing live oral storytelling materials. These stories are meant not only to give readers or listeners knowledge about the difference between Indonesian and Western cultures but also the abilities in four language skills, especially listening one. They can arouse the student’s interest since they express the real life. The teacher can attract the student to be in a warm teaching and learning activities. Teacher as a storyteller should be dynamic and creative in searching the interesting stories. Meanwhile publisher should publish the qualified stories. The student motivates himself to enlarge their knowledge by having reading and listening habit.
The Interpersonal Meaning of Javanese Catholic Daily Prayers Ratna, Kusumawardhani
ETERNAL Vol 1, No 1 (2010): Februari Edisi 1
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Abstract Prayer is created in a certain cultural and situational context. Prayer also contains interpersonal meaning. The purpose of the study is aimed at describing the realization of interpersonal meaning found in Javanese Catholic daily prayers. The study is a descriptive qualitative research as the aim of the study is to describe the interpersonal meaning of Javanese Catholic daily prayers. The study was conducted based on clause, modality, and appraisal devices . Clause analyses and its modality are used to know the relation between the speaker and the addressee. Here, the relation between Catholic people and God, Hail Mary, or Jesus Christ. While the appraisal devices are used to know the way Catholic people express the prayers. They are attitude, amplification, source, and speech level. The result is shown in 1) speech functions; speech roles, and 3) the appraisal of Javanese Catholic Daily prayers. As the texts are prayers, the speech functions found in English prayers are giving information and demanding goods and services. The speech roles of  Javanese prayers are statements and demands. It is suggested that prayers are good media for teaching languages. By knowing the interpersonal meaning of the prayers, people are able to say the prayers correctly. They will express their statements and demands politely as the addressee is God. Key words: interpersonal meaning, Catholic Prayers, speech function, speech roles, appraisal system
TECHNIQUE OF QUESTIONING CARRIED OUT BY NOVICE TEACHERS Sri Wayuni, Sri Wahyuni
ETERNAL Vol 1, No 1 (2010): Februari Edisi 1
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Abstract: When teachers conduct a lesson, the activity of posing questions always appears in it. The activity of posing questions includes the skills of basic questioning and advanced questioning in which a teacher must acquire. The focus of the study is on the basic questioning techniques only.  The purposes of this study are aimed at finding: 1) the basic questioning component skill used by the novice teachers in the classroom, 2) the types of question used by the novice teachers in the classroom, and 3) the levels of questioning category used by the novice teachers in the classroom. This discourse study was based on the analysis of the teacher talk in class. The analysis was based on the recorded data of the five novices when they conducted lessons in class. The recorded data were transcribed. From the transcriptions, teachers’ talk were identified and classified into types of questions, levels of questions, and basic questioning components. The findings of the study are: 1) novices used higher number of closed questions; 2) there were more low level questions conducted by novices; 3) the large number of the skill components in their teaching activities were the distributing, pausing and reacting.   Key Words: Novice Teachers, Technique of Questioning,

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