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JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA

JHPT TROPIKA
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Published by Universitas Lampung

ISSN : 14117525 EISSN : 24610399 DOI : -

Core Subject : Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tropika (JHPT Tropika) publishes articles in plant pests, plant pathogens, plant damage caused by those pests and pathogens and or their management in tropical areas. In addition to basic and applied research papers, JHPT Tropika publishes short communication that have not been published. Before being accepted for publication, all manuscripts must be peer reviewed. The journal is published sixmonthly in March and September.

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Search results for , issue "Vol. 12 No. 1 (2012): MARET, JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA" : 11 Documents clear

UJI EFIKASI EKSTRAK GULMA SIAM TERHADAP MORTALITAS HAMA PENCUCUK BUAH KAKAO (HELOPELTIS SPP.) DI LABORATORIUM Yuyun Fitriana; . Purnomo; Agus M. Hariri
Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika Vol. 12 No. 1 (2012): MARET, JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

This research was aimed to investigate the effect of siam weeds (C. odorata) extract on the mortality of Helopeltis spp., the effect of the addition of emulsifier on the toxicity of siam weed extract, and to find out a potential concentration of the siam weeds extract that can be used as bioinsecticide for Helopeltis spp. Six concentration levels of C. odorata were used as treatments: 0% (control), 20%, 30%, 40%, 50% and 60% by adding 0.3% or no emulsifier. Data collected were mortality of nymphs and adults of Helopeltis spp. The results showed that the application of the siam weeds (C. odorata) extract was able to kill of nymph and adult of Helopeltis spp. The mortality of nymph ranged from 26.6% to 50.0% without emulsifier and 78.8% to 85.0% with emulsifier, and for adult range 15.00% - 46.67% without emulsifier and 31.67% - 71.67% with emulsifier for adult. The results confirm by adding emulsifier can enhance toxicity of siam weed extract to Helopeltis spp.. There was no significant effect of concentration level of siam weed on cocoa mirid mortality, therefore concentration level of 20% seems to be the potential concentration of siam weed extract that can be used as bioinsecticide of Helopeltis spp..

EKSPLORASI, ISOLASI DAN SELEKSI JAMUR ENTOMOPATOGEN PLUTELLA XYLOSTELLA (LEPIDOPTERA: YPONOMEUTIDAE) PADA PERTANAMAN CAISIN (BRASSICA CHINENSIS) DI SUMATERA SELATAN Haperidah Nunilahwati; Siti Herlinda; Chandra Irsan; Yulia Pujiastuti
Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika Vol. 12 No. 1 (2012): MARET, JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Plutella xylostella is the most destructive insect pests of the brassicae family. The research objective was to explore, isolate and select entomopathogenic fungi as biological agents for control of P. xylostella. This study used 20 fungal isolates originating from soil and infected insects around the farmers’ field in lowland and highland of South Sumatra. The fungal isolates were tested to third instar larvae of P.xylostella. The suspension of entomopathogenic fungus was topical inoculated with a density of 1x106 conidia ml-1 on the test insect and five replicates. The result showed that the highest (83%) and the lowest (41%) mortality of the larvae P.xylostella was induced by fungal BPluS and BNIPTr, respectively. Moreover, the shortest (2.1 days) and the highest (4.3days) lethal times of the infected host were induced by fungal BPluS and BNIPTr, respectively.

POTENSI PARASITOID TELUR PENGGEREK BATANG PADI KUNING Scirpophaga incertulas Walker PADA BEBERAPA TIPOLOGI LAHAN DI PROVINSI JAMBI . Wilyus; Fuad Nurdiansyah; Siti Herlinda; Chandra Irsan; Yulia Pujiastuti
Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika Vol. 12 No. 1 (2012): MARET, JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

The research was conducted to analyze the diversity, dispersal and domination of the egg parasitoid species of the yellow rice stem borer Scirpophaga incertulas Walker on several land typologies in Jambi Province. The study was conducted by survey method, from December 2010 until June 2011. Samples of egg parasitoids of S. incertulas were collected by baiting parasitoids with eggs of S. incertulas. The results of the research showed that there were three spesies of the egg parasitoids of S. incertulas found in Jambi Province, the most dominant was Telenomus rowani Gahan, followed by Trichogramma japonicum Ashmead and Tetrastichus schoenobii Ferriere. T. rowani and T. japonicum were found in all wetland ecosystems in Jambi Province (tidal swamp, swampy area, rainfed lowland, lowland technical irrigation, and upland technical irrigation), while T. schoenobii was found only in tidal swamp, swampy area, and lowland technical irrigation. The highest species diversity of egg parasitoid of S. incertulas was found on tidal swamp (Shannon index 1.047), followed by swampy area, lowland technical irrigation, rainfed and upland technical irrigation area. The average of proportion of egg masses parasitized by T. rowani, T. japonicum and T. Schoenobii were 22.58, 6.18 and 2.68% respectively. The average of individual eggs parasitized by T. rowani, T. schoenobii, and T. japnicum were 8.41, 1.67 and 1.47% respectively.

POTENSI TRIGONA SPP. SEBAGAI AGEN PENYEBAR BAKTERI RALSTONIA SOLANACEARUM PHYLOTIPE IV PENYEBAB PENYAKIT DARAH PADA TANAMAN PISANG . Mairawita; Trimurti Habazar; Ahsol Hasyim; Nasril Nasir
Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika Vol. 12 No. 1 (2012): MARET, JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Banana blood disease (Blood Disease Bacteria, BDB) caused by Ralstonia solanacearum Phylotype IV is the most important banana disease in Indonesia. So far, information on the spread of disease by insects is very limited. The research was aimed to determine the role of insect as a disseminator of R. solanacearum Phylotype IV and to determine the amount of BDB inoculum carried by each individual insect. The experiment was conducted in May - September 2008. Samples of insects (adult insects, the young insects, larvae, eggs), nectar, and pollen were taken from a colony of Trigona spp. collected from BDB endemic area, Baso plateau (876 m asl) using purposive sampling method. Active adult insects were collected from the BDB infected banana flowers and healthy banana flowers. BDB on adult insects was isolated from the caput and abdomen, while for the young insects, larvae and pupae the isolation source were not differentiated. Each of the samples was rinsed, macerated, and cultured on medium containing Triphenyl Tetrazolium Chloride (TTC). BDB isolate characterization and identification were conducted through morphological, physiological, and pathogenicity tests. The parameter observed was the: population of BDB (cfu/ml) on each stage of insect development. The results showed that BDB can be isolated from the outside and the inside of the body of an adult, a young insect, pupa, larva also on pollen and nectar but it was not found in eggs. BDB population was higher in inside part fo the insect body in each phase of the development of the insect. From all phases, the BDB was higher in inner part of the body of adult insects which have visited infected banana flower.

PENEKANAN PERKEMBANGAN PENYAKIT BUSUK BATANG VANILI (FUSARIUM OXYSPORUM F.SP. VANILLAE) MELALUI SELEKSI ASAM FUSARAT SECARA IN VITRO Endang Nurcahyani; Issirep Sumardi; Bambang Hadisutrisno; E. Suharyanto
Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika Vol. 12 No. 1 (2012): MARET, JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

The most biological constrain on Vanilla planifolia plantation recently was caused by epidemical disease that laterdecrease vanilla production. The most important disease on vanilla is foot rot disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp.vanillae. So far, the disease has not been successfully controlled although some experiments had been conducted. Onealternative method has been introduced by using a new cultivar which was resistance to Fusarium). A mutant vanilla to thefungus has been initiated by in vitro selection on medium containing fusaric acid. The aims of this research were: (1) to investigate effective concentration of fusaric acid used for in vitro selection, (2) to characterize mutants which have been set up and also to test those mutants for their resistance to the fungus. The results showed that: (1) fusaric acid at the concentration of 110 ppm effectively suppressed the disease intensity up to 25% compared to the concentration of 90 ppm and 100 ppm. In other words, 110 ppm of fusaric acid has increased the category criterion from moderate to resistant, (2) there was an increase of the total phenol content and thickness of lignin in vanilla stem, and (3) the protein profile of vanilla plantlet was different from the control. There was an initiation of a new band of about 18 kD in a mutant predicted as a protein which is responsible for vanilla resistance to Fusarium.

PENAMBAHAN BEBERAPA JENIS BAHAN NUTRISI PADA MEDIA PERBANYAKAN UNTUK MENINGKATKAN VIRULENSI BEAUVERIA BASSIANA TERHADAP HAMA WALANG SANGIT Ni Siluh Putu Nuryanti; Lestari Wibowo; Abdul Azis
Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika Vol. 12 No. 1 (2012): MARET, JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

A research was conducted to increase the virulence of Beauvaria bassiana to the rice bug, L. acuta, by adding four different substances (materials) to the rice media to grow the fungus. The research was conducted from April to August 2011 at Polinela Laboratory, Bandar Lampung. To do this a set of experimental unit consisting of five treatments and five replications were arranged in completely randomized design. The four treatments were media made up of rice (rice based media) each given or added with four different materials such as rice skin powder, corn sugar, grasshopper powder and chitosan powder. The result showed that B. bassiana grown on rice media added with grasshopper powder or rice skin powder were able of causing mortality to the L. acuta as high as 78% and 71%, respectively, meaning that both mortalities were much higher than that of other replication. The virulence values of Beauveria bassiana grown on those both powder were also higher than that of three others.

THE IMPACT OF SOYBEAN AND CORN INTERCROPPING SYSTEM AND SOIL FERTILITY MANAGEMENT ON SOYBEAN APHID POPULATIONS APHIS GLYCINES (HEMIPTERA: APHIDIDAE) AND SOYBEAN GROWTH PERFORMANCE Rosma Hasibuan; Jamalam Lumbanraja
Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika Vol. 12 No. 1 (2012): MARET, JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Agricultural management cropping systems play an important role in affecting a crop plant’s ability to tolerate or resist insect pests. Field studies were conducted to examine the effect of two strategies management systems: fertilizer treatment and intercropping soybean with corn on soybean aphid (Aphis glycines Matsumura) population and soybean growth and yield parameters. The intercropping treatments were: soybean alone; 2:1 soybean/corn intercrop; and 3:1 soybean/corn intercrop. While the soil fertility treatments were the combination of NPK (urea 100 kg ha-1 + SP-36 200 kg ha-1 + KCl 200 kg ha-1) levels, dolomite (4 ton ha-1), compost (10 ton ha-1), and chicken manure (10 ton ha-1). The results of the first study showed that the intercropping soybean with corn significantly reduced the population density of soybean aphids. However, there were no significant effects of intercropping systems on soybean growth (plant height) and yield (number seed per pod and thousand seed weight) performances except on the number of soybean pods per plant. Meanwhile, the result of the second study indicated that soil fertilizer treatments had a significant effect on the soybean plant characteristics: leaf numbers; pod numbers; and plant height. Combining intercropping methods and soil fertilizer management offer an opportunity to protect the soybean plants by natural and sustainable pest management.

KERAGAMAN DAN HERITABILITAS KETAHANAN TEBU POPULASI F1 TERHADAP PENYAKIT BERCAK KUNING DI PT GUNUNG MADU PLANTATIONS LAMPUNG Nyimas Saâ€™diyah; Titik Nur Aeny
Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika Vol. 12 No. 1 (2012): MARET, JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

The objective of this study was to estimate variability and heritability of yellow spot disease characters of 12 sugarcane genotypes. The experiment was conducted on sugarcane field in PT Gunung Madu Plantations (PT GMP), Gunung Sugih Central Lampung, from January to May 2009. The treatments consisted of 12 F1 sugarcane genotypes resulted from the previous crossing of several existed varieties done by PT GMP research and development. The variability was estimated using the method from Anderson and Bancroft (1952) and the heritability was estimated based on the method from Allard (1995). The results showed that the severity of sugarcane yellow spot disease in the PT GMP Lampung showed high variability but low heritability (0.21). Out of 12 tested sugarcane genotypes, G12 has the highest resistance showed by the lowest disease severity.

DIAGNOSIS LIMA PENYAKIT UTAMA KARENA JAMUR PADA 100 KULTIVAR BIBIT PISANG Loekas Soesanto; Endang Mugiastuti; Fajarudin Ahmad; . Witjaksono
Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika Vol. 12 No. 1 (2012): MARET, JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

The research which aimed to identify main pathogenic fungi of 100 banana seedling cultivars and their disease intensity was carried out at the Laboratory of Plant Disease, Faculty of Agriculture, Jenderal Soedirman University with samples and field data taking at Indonesian Insitute of Science Bogor. This descriptive research was started by taking samples and field data followed by identification of pathogenic fungi at the laboratory. Variables observed were disease symptoms, colony and pathogenic morphology, kinds of the pathogen, disease intensity, and physical data. Result of the research showed that there were five main pathogenic fungi of the banana seedlings, i.e., Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht. f.sp. cubense, causing Fusarium wilt; Mychosphaerella musicola Mulder, causing Mycosphaerella leaf spot or Sigatoka; Cordana musae (Zimm.) Hohn., causing Cordana leaf spot; Curvularia lunata, causing leaf spot; and Cladosporium musae Mason, causing speckle. From 100 banana seedling cultivars observed, Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense was the most frequently found with the intensity of 1.4-72%, followed by Curvularia lunata, Mychosphaerella musicola, Cladosporium Musae, and Cordana musae with the intensity of 1-32, 2-18, 2-24, and 3-23%, respectively.

KOMPATIBILITAS CENDAWAN ENTOMOPATOGEN BEAUVERIA BASSIANA (BALS) VUILL (DEUTEROMYCOTINA: HYPHOMYCETES) DENGAN MINYAK SERAI WANGI . Trizelia; Rusdi Rusli
Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika Vol. 12 No. 1 (2012): MARET, JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Entomopathogenic fungi such as Beauveria bassiana are important natural control agents of many insects and can be potentially used as a bioinsecticide against several pests. Other potential source of bioinsecticide is certain plants such as fragrant lemongrass oil. The in vitro compatibility of the entomopathogenic fungus B. bassiana and fragrant lemongrass oil was evaluated. Fragrant lemongrass oil was tested in three different concentrations (0.1, 0.3 and 0.5%). Fragrant lemongrass oil was diluted in the steril SDAY medium at the different concentrations. Effects of these concentrations on conidia germination, colony growth and sporulation were compared. Fragrant lemongrass oil affected conidial germination, colony growth and sporulation of B. bassiana. Fragrant lemongrass oil was not compatible with the entomopathogenic fungus B. bassiana.

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