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EKSTRADISI SEBAGAI SARANA PEMBERANTASAN KEJAHATAN INTERNASIONAL DITINJAU DARI UNDANG-UNDANG NO. 1 TAHUN 1979 Adiwijaya, I Made Krisna
LEX ET SOCIETATIS Vol 7, No 5 (2019): Lex Et Societatis
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35796/les.v7i5.24731

Abstract

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaturan ekstradisi dalam Undang-undang Perjanjian Internasional dam bagaimana Tahapan Pelekasanaan atau proses ekstradisi di Indonesia, di manadengan menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif disimpulkan bahwa: 1. Dalam melakukan permintaan penyerahan pelaku Ekstradisi Tindak Pidana, diperlukan Syarat-syarat yang bersifat Universal yang harus berdasarkan suatu perjanjian antara Negara ekstradisi. Perjanjian ekstradisi diatur dalam UU No.1 tahun 1979. Perjanjian Ekstradisi dapat dilakukan jika penyerahan pelaku tindak pidana didasarkan atas permintaan dari pihak Negara peminta kepada Negara diminta. Dan juga diketahui bahwa lembaga ekstradisi adalah lembaga atau sarana yang ampuh untuk dapat memberantas kejahatan. Hal ini hanya dapat diwujudkan jika terdapat hubungan yang baik antara negara-negara didunia, sehingga dapat lebih memudahkan dan mempercepat peneyerahan penjahat pelarian. Dan apabila suatu perbuatan yang dapat diekstradisikan adalah sifat kejahatan tersebut harus bersifat ganda atau “double criminality” artinya seorang yang melakukan tindak pidana di suatu Negara tertentu dan tindak pidana itu dapat diadili menurut hukum Negara tersebut demikian pula pebuatan tindak pidana tersebut dianggap juga merupakan tindak pidana dan dapat diadili oleh Negara lain. 2. Indonesia bertanggung jawab dalam tahapan pelaksanaan atau proses ekstradisi sebagaimana di atur dalam Undang-undang No. 1 Tahun 1979 sebagaimana kapasitas Indonesia sebagai Negara yang dimintai ekstradisi harua melalui beberapa tahapan seperti Tahapan penerimaan permintaan presiden, Tahap pemeriksaan perkara ekstradisi, dan tahap persetujuan presiden. Dalam Undang-undang No. 1 Tahun 1979 dalam penjabarannya lebih banyak mengatur mengenai proses pelaksanaan ekstradisi dalam kapasitas Indonesia sebagai Negara yang diminta, sedangkan prosedur pengajuan ekstradisi yang diminta oleh Indonesia kepada Negara lain sebagaimana diatur dalam Bab X Undang-undang No. 1 tahun 1979.Kata kunci: ekstradisi; kejahatan internasional;
PENGETAHUAN, SIKAP DAN PRAKTIK SWAMEDIKASI PADA MAHASISWA UNIVERSITAS BALI INTERNASIONAL Apsari, Dewi Puspita; Jaya, Made Krisna Adi; Wintariani, Ni Putu; Suryaningsih, Ni Putu Aryati
Jurnal Ilmiah Medicamento Vol 6 No 1 (2020): Jurnal Ilmiah Medicamento
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Mahasaraswati Denpasar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36733/medicamento.v6i1.780

Abstract

Swamedikasi bila dilakukan secara irasional dapat menimbulkan masalah seperti efek samping obat. Hal tersebut dapat diturunkan dengan meningkatkan pengetahuan masyarakat, dimana hal tersebut terwakilkan dari pengetahuan mahasiswa. Oleh karena itu penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengetahuan, sikap dan praktik swamedikasi mahasiswa Farmasi dan Non-Farmasi di Universitas Bali Internasional. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross-sectional. Instrumen kuisioner yang mengandung 20 pertanyaan digunakan pada penelitian. Data dianalisis menggunakan SPSS (21.0). Chi-square test digunakan untuk membandingkan distribusi proporsi tiap kelompok sampel. Prevalensi swamedikasi antara mahasiswa Farmasi (77,4%) dan Non-Farmasi (40,4%) berbeda signifikan (p=0,000). Pengetahuan dan Praktik swamedikasi mahasiswa Farmasi signifikan lebih tinggi dibandingkan mahasiswa Non-Farmasi. Gejala flu merupakan indikasi obat yang paling banyak digunakan oleh mahasiswa Farmasi dan Non-Farmasi (43,1%). Mahasiswa Non-Farmasi (24,8%) signifikan (p=0,001) lebih tinggi menganggap penggunaan antibiotika aman untuk swamedikasi dibandingkan mahasiswa Farmasi (5,1%). Terdapat perbedaan signifikan lebih tinggi pengetahuan dan praktik swamedikasi pada mahasiswa Farmasi dan Non-Farmasi.
GAMBARAN WAKTU TUNGGU DAN IDENTIFIKASI FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI LAMA WAKTU TUNGGU PELAYANAN OBAT ATAS RESEP DOKTER DI PUSKESMAS KOTA DENPASAR Jaya, Made Krisna Adi; Apsari, Dewi Puspita
Jurnal Ilmiah Medicamento Vol 4 No 2 (2018): Jurnal Ilmiah Medicamento
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Mahasaraswati Denpasar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36733/medicamento.v4i2.861

Abstract

Menunggu merupakan suatu aktivitas yang seringkali menimbulkan perasaan yang tidak nyaman dan stress, khususnya dalam pelayanan kesehatan. Pasien yang datang ke sarana pelayanan kesehatan seperti puskesmas, menginginkan suatu sistem pelayanan kesehatan yang baik dan berkualitas tanpa harus menunggu dalam waktu yang lama. Perlu dilakukan observasi lama waktu tunggu pelayanan obat atas resep dokter serta identifikasi faktor-faktor penyebab lama waktu tunggu di Puskesmas, karena puskesmas merupakan sarana kesehatan tingkat pertama di era JKN. Pendekatan studi kualitatif observasional dilakukan untuk mendapatkan gambaran waktu tunggu pelayanan obat atas resep dokter di puskesmas-puskesmas Kota Denpasar serta identifikasi faktor penyebab lama waktu tunggu pelayanan tersebut. Rata-rata waktu tunggu pelayanan obat atas resep dokter adalah 7 menit untuk resep racikan dan 4 menit untuk resep non-racikan. Sejumlah 424 resep racikan dan non-racikan telah observasi, hanya 32,74% resep non racikan dan 7,96% resep racikan yang memenuhi standar. Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi lama waktu tunggu pelayanan resep di Puskesmas Kota Denpasar diantaranya faktor kurangnya asisten apoteker, tidak adanya apoteker yang bertugas, faktor dokter interhensip, faktor manajemen persediaan farmasi, dan faktor instrumen yang digunakan dalam melakukan pelayanan kefarmasian. Waktu tunggu pelayanan resep di puskesmas belum sesuai dengan SOP yang ditetapkan oleh puskesmas tersebut. Permasalahan lama waktu tunggu tersebut disebabkan oleh 3 faktor utama yaitu faktor SDM, metode, dan manajemen.
Evaluasi Penggunaan Antibiotik pada Pasien Tifoid Rawat Inap di Salah Satu Rumah Sakit Pemerintah Provinsi Bali dengan Metode Gyssens dan ATC/DDD I Gusti Ayu Nyoman Dyah Sukmawati; Made Krisna Adi Jaya; Dewa Ayu Swastini
Jurnal Farmasi Udayana Vol. 9, No. 1, Tahun 2020
Publisher : Departement of Pharmacy, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Udayana University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (468.879 KB) | DOI: 10.24843/JFU.2020.v09.i01.p06

Abstract

Tifoid merupakan permasalahan kesehatan global terutama di negara berkembang, salah satunya di Indonesia. Kejadian resistensi penggunaan antibiotik pada terapi tifoid dapat terjadi akibat penggunaan antibiotik yang tidak tepat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pola penggunaan antibiotik serta kualitas dan kuantitas penggunaan antibiotik pada terapi tifoid di salah satu rumah sakit pemerintah Provinsi Bali. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional yang dilakukan secara retrospektif yang dianalisis menggunakan metode Gyssens dan ATC/DDD. Data penelitian diambil dari rekam medis pasien periode Januari-Desember 2019 yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari 40 total peresepan antibiotik, seftriakson merupakan antibiotik yang paling banyak digunakan untuk terapi tifoid. Kualitas penggunaan antibiotik sebanyak 40% dinyatakan rasional (kategori 0), sedangkan 60% lainnya tidak rasional (kategori I-VI) yang meliputi penggunaan antibiotik tidak tepat interval pemberian (IIB; 5%), penggunaan antibiotik yang terlalu lama (IIIA; 40%), penggunaan antibiotik yang terlalu singkat (IIIB; 5%), terdapat antibiotik lain yang lebih efektif (IVA; 5%), dan terdapat antibiotik lain yang kurang toksik/lebih aman (IVB; 5%). Kuantitas penggunaan antibiotik dinyatakan melebihi standar WHO yaitu pada penggunaan seftriakson sebesar 83,80 DDD/100 patient days; levofloxacin sebesar 27,47 DDD/100 patient days; dan azitromisin sebesar 3,52 DDD/100 patient days. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi pertimbangan bagi pihak rumah sakit sebagai bahan evaluasi dan perbaikan dalam rangka meningkatkan rasionalitas penggunaan antibiotik.
Perbandingan Stabilitas Obat Racikan Yang Dipreparasi Menggunakan Mortir Dan Tablet Crusher Di Apotek Sarana Pelayanan Kesehatan Primer Made Krisna Adi Jaya
Jurnal Farmasi Udayana Vol. 9, No. 2, Tahun 2020
Publisher : Departement of Pharmacy, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Udayana University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/JFU.2020.v09.i02.p06

Abstract

Latar Belakang: Penggerusan obat dengan menggunakan mortir memang dinilai sudah sesuai prosedur dan dapat terjaga stabilitas obatnya. Tetapi proses ini membutuhkan waktu yang relatif lama sehingga membuat beberapa apotek meracik obat dengan menggunakan mesin tablet crusher. Ada kemungkinan penggerusan menggunakan tablet crusher akan mengurangi stabilitas jenis obat tertentu jika kontak langsung dengan logam mesin blender. Tujuan: variable yang diteliti adalah stabilitas obat racikan yaitu perbandingan kadar suatu obat yang dipreparasi menggunakan tablet crusher dan mortir di apotek sarana pelayanan kesehatan primer. Metode: spektrofotometri UV-VIS. Hasil: Panjang gelombang maksimum klorfeniramine maleat yang diperoleh adalah 261,5 nm dan parasetamol adalah 247,7 nm. % perolehan kembali (% recovery) baku klorfeniramin maleat adalah 99,82 ± 2,8% sedangkan pada parasetamol adalah 100,17 ± 2,09 %. Hasil dari perhitungan uji presisi didapatkan nilai RSD pada klorfeniramin Maleat adalah 0,76% sedangkan pada parasetamol adalah 1,13%. LOD dan LOQ dari klorfeniramin maleat adalah 3,20 ± 0,05 dan 9,7 ± 0,15 sedangkan LOD dan LOQ dari parasetamol adalah 0,38 ± 0,22 dan 1,16 ± 0,56. Hasil pengujian perbandingan preparasi waktu penggerusan dengan kadar yang telah dilakukan diketahui bahwa nilai signifikansi uji Mann Whitney tidak adanya perbedaan kadar obat yang dipreparasi dengan menggunakan mortir dan tablet crusher. Kesimpulan: Penggerusan obat dengan tablet crusher dan dengan mortir tidak memiliki perbedaan secara statistik. Kata Kunci : blender, crusher, mortir, stabilitas
Perbandingan Kualitas Layanan Kefarmasian Di Puskesmas Berstandar ISO dan Non-ISO Kota Denpasar Made Krisna Adi Jaya; Ni Luh Santiyani Dewi; I Gusti Lanang Made Rudiartha
Jurnal Farmasi Udayana Vol. 10, No 1, Tahun 2021
Publisher : Departement of Pharmacy, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Udayana University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/JFU.2021.v10.i01.p06

Abstract

Background: Primary Health Care (puskesmas in Indonesian) is a facilities/infrastructure used to improve health status and health development. Pharmaceutical services at puskesmas are always in the spotlight of the community and tend to be negative in stigma. The community paradigm, especially in Denpasar, tends to state that pharmaceutical services at ISO-standard puskesmas are better than non-ISO. However, this does not mean that non-ISO health centers in Denpasar City do not provide optimal services to the community. Based on this problem, research needs to be conducted to assess the extent of differences in the quality of pharmaceutical services in ISO and non-ISO health centers in Denpasar. Objective: This study aims to compare the quality of pharmaceutical services in ISO and non-ISO puskesmas including the waiting time for drug services, the incidence of Drug Related Problems (DRP), and the level of patient satisfaction. Methods: An analytic observational study was conducted by observing 184 respondents who used the health services at the puskesmas in Denpasar. Waiting time was observed from the patient submitting a prescription until getting the medicine; DRP was observed by the number of drug interactions, patient adherence to therapy and the incidence of Adverse Drug Reaction (ADR); and patient satisfaction using the satisfaction questionnaire. Results: The waiting time for drug services showed that the ISO puskesmas was superior to non-ISO (p <0.05) while the DRP incidence and patient-related satisfaction were not significantly different (p> 0.05). Conclusion: Non-ISO Puskesmas in Denpasar showed the quality of pharmaceutical services that were comparable to Puskesmas with ISO standards. Keywords: Drug Services, Drug Related Problem, Patients Satisfaction, Primary Health Care
IDENTIFICATION OF THERAPY PROFILE AND FACTORS RELATED TO INCIDENCE OF PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS IN DENPASAR-BALI Anisa Hanum; Made Krisna Adi Jaya; I Made Bakta
Journal Pharmaceutical Science and Application Vol 2 No 1 (2020): Journal Pharmaceutical Science and Application
Publisher : Departement of Pharmacy, Faculty of Mathematic and Natural Science, Udayana University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (233.241 KB) | DOI: 10.24843/JPSA.2020.v02.i01.p01

Abstract

Background: Tuberculosis is a problem for millions of people around the world. Indonesia as the second biggest country with the highest number of Pulmonary Tuberculosis that treatment has improved gradually. Denpasar is a city with the highest sufferers in Bali. It’s caused by the high rate of population, dense human settlement, and other related factors. Objective: Profiling incident and pulmonary tuberculosis treatment in Denpasar City primary health care. Methods: Observational study with cross-sectional analytic approaches. Forty pulmonary tuberculosis patients and One hundred twenty non-tuberculosis patients were observed in this study. Those were taken by multistage random sampling. Data were collected from medical records and questionnaires. A Chi-Square test was used for analyzing data. Results: Pulmonary tuberculosis sufferers are in productive ages which 65% were men. The treatment profile was excellently seen from the final treatment results of 31 people recovered and 9 people with complete treatment. Factors that have a statistical relation with pulmonary tuberculosis were occupation (p=0,012), income (p=0.003), smoking behavior (p=0.001), and contact history (p=0.001). The other factors with no relationship were education (p=0.270) and occupancy density (p=0.540). Conclusion: Pay attention to the caused factors of tuberculosis infection; society is suggested to implement a healthy lifestyle, maintain home sanitation, and environment. Keywords: Factor Related, Pulmonary, Tuberculosis, Primary Health Care, Denpasar City
IDENTIFICATION OF PUBLIC MEDICINE STORAGE PROFILE IN THE COMMUNITY PHARMACY: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW Kadek Valentina Renita Dewi; Made Krisna Adi Jaya
Journal Pharmaceutical Science and Application Vol 3 No 2 (2021): Journal Pharmaceutical Science and Application
Publisher : Departement of Pharmacy, Faculty of Mathematic and Natural Science, Udayana University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/JPSA.2021.v03.i02.p03

Abstract

Background: Drug is the most common form of therapy and an integral part of almost all levels of care. The conditions and proper way of storing medicines at home are important aspects of safe and effective drug treatment. Information about the knowledge of patients with appropriate storage conditions, rational drug use, appropriate drug use and management of various drugs is essential in helping pharmacists identify which medicinal products and aspects of home storage require more attention when counselling patients. Objective: The aim of this systematic review is to identify and characterize the mode of storage associated with home-stored pharmaceuticals. Methods: This systematic review analyzes the storage methods for medicines to identify and characterize the storage methods associated with medicines stored at home. The limitation of publication used, namely English and Indonesian in the last 10 years, and obtained through literature that can be considered relevant. Results: This systematic review was conducted in the period July, August, September 2020 - February 2021. As many as 20 journals were obtained. Those who met the inclusion criteria were 10 journals. Of the 10 journals that had met the inclusion criteria, 3 journals were excluded so that only 7 journals were used in the literature review / systematic review. The storage of medicines in the household is based on the presence of family members who have certain diseases so that they have to consume drugs in the long term, the presence of health workers, and the education level of family members. Problems that can arise with drug storage conditions are impaired drug stability and can accelerate drug degradation prematurely. Storage of medicines in the medicine cabinet and out of reach of children is highly recommended. Placement of drugs in one place without being separated and a lack of awareness in administering specific markings can increase drug administration errors and lead to non-compliance with over-the-counter drug use. The application of drug management in the family can improve the quality of life and avoid the adverse effects of drug misuse. Conclusion: This study raises relation to medicines stored inside homes that warrant addressing that need pharmacists regarding public education in relation to drug therapy that goes beyond the dispensing process. They were judging by the finding that pharmacists were not considered primary sources of drug-related information. Good practices should be encouraged through continued health education at health institutions and retail medicine outlets. Keywords: Drugs, Storage, Household
SIDE EFFECTS PROFILE OF ANTIPLATELET MEDICATION IN PATIENTS WITH CORONARY HEART DISEASE AT BHAYANGKARA HOSPITAL BALI-INDONESIA Anak Agung Indah Astrijayanti; Made Krisna Adi Jaya; Ida Ayu Manik Partha Sutema; Ni Putu Wulanda Evayanti; Ni Ketut Tria Purnamisari
Journal Pharmaceutical Science and Application Vol 2 No 2 (2020): Journal Pharmaceutical Science and Application
Publisher : Departement of Pharmacy, Faculty of Mathematic and Natural Science, Udayana University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/JPSA.2020.v02.i02.p02

Abstract

Introduction: Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a disorder of heart function due to a lack of blood in the heart muscle due to narrowing of the coronary arteries. Antiplatelet in patients with CHD is a therapy that must be obtained by patients throughout their lives to prevent recurrent attacks and deaths from CHD. In the Province of Bali, especially in Denpasar, there is a lack of information about the type of side effects that occur on antiplatelet medication, so it is necessary to do a related study. Objective: The aim of this study is to identify the type of side effects that occur on antiplatelet medication in patients with CHD. Methods: A cross-sectional study involving 97 patients was done by observed the CHD patients treated with antiplatelet medication. Side effects were evaluate using Naranjo Algorithm. Patients were divided into three groups, including a low dose aspirin user group, clopidogrel user group, and aspirin-clopidogrel combination user group. Results: Antiplatelet side effects that occur in patients include headache (2.06%), diarrhea (1.03%), cyanosis (1.03%), gastrointestinal bleeding (8.25%), heartburn (11.34%), and nausea (6.19%). These side effects only occurred in 31.96% of the total subjects. The incidence of aspirin side effects was significantly greater than clopidogrel as well as aspirin-clopidogrel in combination (p <0.05). Conclusion: Patients with CHD who use antiplatelet agents in the long term to be more aware of the potential side effects that will occur, especially heartburn in chronic low-dose aspirin users. Keywords: Coronary Heart Disease, Side Effects, Antiplatelet, Aspirin, Clopidogrel
ANALYSIS OF POTENTIAL INTERACTIONS OF RAMIPRIL -AMBON BANANA (Musa paradisiaca var. sapientum (L.) Kunt.) ON HYPERKALEMIA RISK IN WHITE RATS I Gusti Ayu Sintia Dewi; Made Krisna Adi Jaya; Ni Putu Rutin Seciolini Agristy; Ida Ayu Gendari
Journal Pharmaceutical Science and Application Vol 3 No 2 (2021): Journal Pharmaceutical Science and Application
Publisher : Departement of Pharmacy, Faculty of Mathematic and Natural Science, Udayana University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/JPSA.2021.v03.i02.p05

Abstract

Introduction: Drug and food interaction is a condition in which nutritional factors present in food have an influence significant effect on drug therapy, both potentially increasing or decreasing the effect of drug therapy. Indonesian people have a habit of taking medicine by using food or drink. Bananas are the primadona that are often consumed to speed up the swallowing process and reduce the bitter taste of medicine. It turns out that the consumption of bananas together with ACE inhibitors can increase the risk of hyperkalemia. Lack of information about the effects caused by drug and food interactions, so it is necessary to do related research. Objective: This study aims to determine the interaction of giving ramipril together with Ambon banana on the risk of hyperkalemia. Methods: A real experimental study while still adhering to the Covid'19 health protocol. White rats were divided into 4 groups, conditioned by hypertension, then intervened with ramipril and Ambon banana. Blood serum was taken and analyzed using UV spectrophotometry to obtain serum potassium levels. The levels obtained were analyzed using the One Way Anova Test. Results: The mean serum potassium level of the positive control group was 4.93±0.58; negative control 4.13±0.60; normal control 4.76±0.59 and treatment 5.10±0.38. The highest serum potassium level was in the ramipril treatment group together with Ambon banana, but still in the normal range of 3.60–5.50 mmol/L. One Way Anova test results (p = 0.054). (p>0.05) showed no significant difference. Conclusion: There is no specific increase in levels of ramipril concurrently with Ambon banana so it does not have the potential to cause the risk of hyperkalemia. Keywords: Drug Interaction, Ramipril, Ambon Banana, Serum Potassium, Hyperkalemia