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All Journal Perspektif : Review Penelitian Tanaman Industri Biotropika Research Journal of Life Science Plantropica: Journal of Agricultural Science Journal of Tropical Plant Protection AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science BUANA SAINS Perspektif, Review Penelitian Tanaman Industri Jurnal HPT (Hama Penyakit Tumbuhan)
Kusuma, Restu Rizkyta
Jurusan Hama Dan Penyakit Tumbuhan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Brawijaya
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Education Immunology & microbiology Mathematics Physics

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Pemanfaatan Rhizobakteri dari Gulma di UB Forest sebagai Agen Antagonis Penyakit Layu Bakteri pada Kentang Izza, Junda Fauzul; Aini, Luqman Qurata; Kusuma, Restu Rizkyta
Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology Vol 6, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : University of Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (258.201 KB) | DOI: 10.21776/ub.biotropika.2018.006.02.03

Abstract

Penyakit layu bakteri yang diakibatkan oleh patogen Ralstonia solanacearum merupakan kendala yang sering terjadi pada budidaya tanaman kentang. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mendapatkan rhizobakteri yang efektif mengendalikan penyakit layu bakteri dan meningkatkan pertumbuhan pada tanaman kentang. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya, UB Forest, dan Desa Tulungrejo Kecamatan Bumiaji, Kota Batu. Rhizobakteri diisolasi  dari  perakaran gulma di UB Forest kemudian dilakukan pengujian aktivitas sebagai pemicu pertumbuhan. Rhizobakteri yang terpilih dilakukan pengujian sifat antagonis terhadap R. solanacearum secara in vitro dan penekanan terhadap angka kejadian penyakit serta pertumbuhan tanaman kentang. Identifikasi isolat dilakukan secara fisiologi, biokimia dan molekuler. Hasil eksplorasi didapatkan 20 isolat rhizobakteri yang bersifat antagonis terhadap R. solanacearum. Isolat AGR 2 memiliki diameter penghambatan yang sama dengan bakterisida secara in vitro. Secara in vivo isolat bakteri AGR 1, AGR 2 dan EPT 9 dapat meningkatkan rerata jumlah daun lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan bakterisida pada 1 dan 2 MSA (minggu setelah aplikasi). EPT 9 mampu menekan angka kejadian penyakit layu bakteri 55,6 % setelah 5 MSA dan meningkatkan berat umbi sebesar 59,3 % lebih tinggi dari perlakuan kontrol. Isolat  AGR 2 diketahui sebagai Pseudomonas aeruginosa dan EPT 9 merupakan Bacillus cereus.
BIOLOGICAL AGENTS AND THEIR ROLE TO INCREASE PLANT ESSENTIAL OIL UNDER WATER STRESS Agen Hayati dan Peranannya dalam Meningkatkan Minyak Atsiri Tanaman pada Kondisi Cekaman Air Kurniawan, Agus Prayitno; Aini, Nurul Aini; Maghfoer, Moch Dawam; Yamika, Wiwin Sumiya Dwi; Kusuma, Restu Rizkyta
Perspektif Vol 20, No 2 (2021): December 2021
Publisher : Puslitbang Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/psp.v20n2.2021.80-93

Abstract

Essential oils are plant natural products resulting from secondary metabolites used for raw materials of various industries such as perfumery, preservative, cosmetics, and pesticide. The major problem of essential oil plants cultivation is the low essential oil content. Enhancing essential oil content is one of the main focuses in developing essential oil plants which can be reached by water management. Growth and yield reduction and changes in some physiological reactions are the responses of a plant toward water supply shortage (water stress). Water stress triggers elicitors and some signal molecules produced for secondary metabolites resulting in higher essential oil percentages. However, it would also decrease essential oil yield following lower biomass production. Some microorganisms can produce phytohormone and enhance nutrient uptake allowing the plant to cope under water stress condition.  Understanding how the environment affected plant secondary metabolite (especially essential oil), as well as microorganism roles for crop production, will provide proper cultivation technology to increase plant essential oil content and oil yield. This review aimed to analyze the potential use of some biological agents to alleviate the negative effect of water stress on essential oil plants.ABSTRAKMinyak atsiri merupakan produk alami tanaman dari hasil metabolisme sekunder yang digunakan sebagai bahan baku berbagai industri seperti parfum, antiseptik, kosmetik, dan pestisida. Budidaya tanaman  minyak atsiri menghadapi kendala seperti rendahnya kandungan minyak yang dihasilkan. Pertumbuhan dan penurunan hasil serta perubahan pada beberapa reaksi fisiologis merupakan respon tanaman terhadap cekaman air. Cekaman air memicu produksi elisitor dan beberapa molekul sinyal pada metabolit sekunder sehingga dapat menghasilkan minyak atsiri yang lebih tinggi, akan tetapi tidak diikuti dengan peningkatan produksi biomassa sehingga produksi minyak atsiri tidak cukup tinggi. Beberapa mikroorganisme mampu menghasilkan fitohormon dan meningkatkan serapan hara yang memungkinkan tanaman dapat bertahan pada kondisi cekaman air. Pemahaman bagaimana lingkungan dapat mempengaruhi metabolit sekunder dari tanaman (khususnya minyak atsiri), serta peran mikroorganisme terhadap produksi tanaman, akan menghasilkan teknologi budidaya yang sesuai untuk meningkatkan kandungan dan hasil minyak atsiri suatu tanaman.  Review ini bertujuan menganalisa potensi penggunaan beberapa jenis agens hayati untuk mengurangi dampak negatif dari cekaman air pada tanaman penghasil minyak atsiri.
BIOLOGICAL AGENTS AND THEIR ROLE TO INCREASE PLANT ESSENTIAL OIL UNDER WATER STRESS Agen Hayati dan Peranannya dalam Meningkatkan Minyak Atsiri Tanaman pada Kondisi Cekaman Air Agus Prayitno Kurniawan; Nurul Aini Aini; Moch Dawam Maghfoer; Wiwin Sumiya Dwi Yamika; Restu Rizkyta Kusuma
Perspektif Vol 20, No 2 (2021): December 2021
Publisher : Puslitbang Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/psp.v20n2.2021.80-93

Abstract

Essential oils are plant natural products resulting from secondary metabolites used for raw materials of various industries such as perfumery, preservative, cosmetics, and pesticide. The major problem of essential oil plants cultivation is the low essential oil content. Enhancing essential oil content is one of the main focuses in developing essential oil plants which can be reached by water management. Growth and yield reduction and changes in some physiological reactions are the responses of a plant toward water supply shortage (water stress). Water stress triggers elicitors and some signal molecules produced for secondary metabolites resulting in higher essential oil percentages. However, it would also decrease essential oil yield following lower biomass production. Some microorganisms can produce phytohormone and enhance nutrient uptake allowing the plant to cope under water stress condition.  Understanding how the environment affected plant secondary metabolite (especially essential oil), as well as microorganism roles for crop production, will provide proper cultivation technology to increase plant essential oil content and oil yield. This review aimed to analyze the potential use of some biological agents to alleviate the negative effect of water stress on essential oil plants.ABSTRAKMinyak atsiri merupakan produk alami tanaman dari hasil metabolisme sekunder yang digunakan sebagai bahan baku berbagai industri seperti parfum, antiseptik, kosmetik, dan pestisida. Budidaya tanaman  minyak atsiri menghadapi kendala seperti rendahnya kandungan minyak yang dihasilkan. Pertumbuhan dan penurunan hasil serta perubahan pada beberapa reaksi fisiologis merupakan respon tanaman terhadap cekaman air. Cekaman air memicu produksi elisitor dan beberapa molekul sinyal pada metabolit sekunder sehingga dapat menghasilkan minyak atsiri yang lebih tinggi, akan tetapi tidak diikuti dengan peningkatan produksi biomassa sehingga produksi minyak atsiri tidak cukup tinggi. Beberapa mikroorganisme mampu menghasilkan fitohormon dan meningkatkan serapan hara yang memungkinkan tanaman dapat bertahan pada kondisi cekaman air. Pemahaman bagaimana lingkungan dapat mempengaruhi metabolit sekunder dari tanaman (khususnya minyak atsiri), serta peran mikroorganisme terhadap produksi tanaman, akan menghasilkan teknologi budidaya yang sesuai untuk meningkatkan kandungan dan hasil minyak atsiri suatu tanaman.  Review ini bertujuan menganalisa potensi penggunaan beberapa jenis agens hayati untuk mengurangi dampak negatif dari cekaman air pada tanaman penghasil minyak atsiri.
Consortia of Indigenous Rhizobacteria to Control Bacterial Wilt in Ginger Naziha Diyanatur Rosiyah; Ayu Wike Widiasari; Achmad Roekhan; Restu Rizkyta Kusuma
Research Journal of Life Science Vol 7, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.rjls.2020.007.02.1

Abstract

Ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) is a type of rhizome plant that has high potential to be developed in Indonesia as a medicinal plant or spice. Inhibiting factors in ginger production is Ralstonia solanacearum which causes bacterial wilt disease. Rhizobacteria is a potential biological agent to control the disease. It is necessary to review from various study on rhizobacteria both the use of antagonistic bacteria singly or in a consortia. Aimed to analyze various sources of scientific literature regarding the potential of antagonistic bacteria singly or consortia compared to synthetic bactericides in controlling of R. solanacearum. The results showed that three recommended antagonist bacteria were found, namely Pseudomonas fluorescens, Bacillus subtilis, and Bacillus thuringiensis. which has the potential to control bacterial wilt disease. The rhizobacterial consortia are more effective as a sustainable, safe and environmentally friendly control on bacterial wilt disease with a percentage of disease incidence 10%. In addition, the rhizobacterial consortia are three and six times more effective than the single antagonistic bacteria and bactericides respectively.
Potensi Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria (PGPB) sebagai Pemacu Ketahanan Tanaman Padi terhadap Hawar Malai Padi Dyah Ayu Agustin; Elly Qurrotu A’yun; Tia Indi Marsya; Restu Rizkyta Kusuma
PLANTROPICA: Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 6, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jpt.2021.006.2.1

Abstract

Burkholderia glumae merupakan bakteri yang menyebabkan busuk pada persemaian. Penyakit ini terbawa benih dan menyebabkan kehampaan pada bulir padi. Penulisan artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji keefektifan agens hayati berupa Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria (PGPB) dalam menghambat B.glumae. Penyusunan narrative review ini berdasarkan beberapa database baik literatur nasional maupun internasional, dengan cara kombinasi kata kunci Burkholderia glumae, Isolasi × Burkholderia glumae, Pengendalian × Burkholderia glumae. Berdasarkanhasil penelusuran yang diperoleh karakteristik Burkholderia glumae merupakan bakteri Gram negatif, bersifat aerobik dan motile menggunkan 2-4 flagel. Bakteri ini berbentuk batang, dengan ukuran 0.5-0.7 × 1.5-2.5 ‎μm. Bakteri ini dapat tumbuh pada suhu 11-40°C, dengan suhu optimal 30-35°C. Pada media S-PG B. glumae menghasilkan koloni berbentuk bulat dengan warna kuning bening dibagian tepi dan di bagian tengah koloni berwarna ungu. Sebagai salah satu pengendalian serangan B.glumae yaitu menggunakan varietas tahan. Terdapat penelitian uji ketahanan padi terhadap B. glumae pada 11 varietas. Terdapat 6 vaerietas yang kuat, dengan persentase kejadian penyakit terendah sebesar 6,71% pada varietas Inpari 30. Varietas lemah-sedang yaitu  Cisantana dengan persentase serangan 61.02%. Pada hasil beberapa penelitian isolasi bakteri rizosfer bersifat antagonis terhadap B.glumaedan berpotensi sebagai PGPB karena memproduksi auksin, ACC deaminase, sitokinin, giberelin, fiksasi nitrogen, pelarut fosfat, dan sekuestrasi zat besi oleh siderofor, sehingga dapat memacu dan meningkatkan ketahanan tanaman. Bakteri tersebut diantaranya adalah Enterobacteria sp., dan Streptomyces sp.
Developments of Rice Cell Suspension Culture and A Novel Strategy for Screening New Resistant Lines to Rice Blight Disease Caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae Restu Rizkyta Kusuma; Liliek Sulistyowati; Chiu-Chsiung Cheng; Yi-Hsien Lin
AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 40, No 3 (2018): OCTOBER
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya in collaboration with PERAGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17503/agrivita.v40i3.1779

Abstract

The research aimed to develop a rice cell culture system with high proliferation and screening resistant cell lines of rice to bacterial blight disease caused by Xanthomonas oryza pv. oryzae (Xoo). The culture cells obtained from the callus, cultured on CS-1 medium containing 3 % sucrose and 2 mg L-1 2,4-D for 4 weeks. The results showed that proliferation cell was signifcantly increased 1-fold in 3 weeks of primary culture in CS-1 conditioned medium (fresh/spent medium ratio 1:1) containing 3 % sucrose, 0.5 % glucose, 0.05 % fructose and 2 mg L-1 2,4-D. This medium was used to screen the cell lines through applying culture filtrate of Xoo. The method was to find a novel cell line which could produce high amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Screening results showed 33 % cell lines were strong ROS-producing, two cell lines were selected and cultured for second round screening. The ratio of strong ROS-producing cell lines was increased up to 67 % in the third round screening. The strong ROS-producing cell lines in third round screening can be further cultured for plant regeneration. The rice cell lines with high ROS production may have potential of resistant cell lines against Xoo.
APLIKASI TEH KOMPOS UNTUK MENEKAN PENYAKIT PUSTUL BAKTERI PADA TANAMAN KEDELAI Restu Rizkyta Kusuma; Siti Mahfudhoh; Luqman Qurata Aini
Jurnal HPT (Hama Penyakit Tumbuhan) Vol. 4 No. 3 (2016)
Publisher : Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui perbedaan mikroba pada teh kompos aerobik (ACT) dan anaerobik (NCT) serta pengaruhnya dalam mengendalikan penyakit pustul bakteri X. axonopodis pv. glycines pada tanaman kedelai. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Sentral Ilmu Hayati (LSIH) dan rumah kaca Universitas Brawijaya pada Januari sampai Mei 2015. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu perhitungan populasi mikroba, pengujian sifat anti bakteri teh kompos secara in vitro, dan pengaruh teh kompos terhadap intensitas penyakit pustul. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa populasi mikroba di dalam teh kompos ACT baik bakteri atau jamur lebih tinggi daripada teh kompos NCT. Teh kompos ACT mempunyai jumlah populasi bakteri tertinggi yaitu 8,11 x 106 cfu/ml pada fermentasi 96 jam dan populasi jamur tertinggi 4,98 x 104 cfu/ml pada fermentasi 24 jam, sedangkan teh kompos NCT jumlah populasi bakteri tertinggi 7,92 x 106 cfu/ml pada fermentasi 144 jam dan populasi jamur tertinggi 4,70 x 104 cfu/ml pada fermentasi 24 jam. Jumlah populasi mikroba teh kompos dapat dipengaruhi oleh pH dan konduktivitas listrik. Hasil pengujian sifat anti bakteri secara in vitro dalam cawan menunjukkan bahwa luas zona hambat yang terbentuk paling baik pada fermentasi teh 48 jam dengan diameter 1,88 cm untuk teh kompos ACT dan NCT pada fermentasi 72 jam dengan diameter 1,06 cm. Aplikasi teh kompos pada tanaman kedelai dapat menekan serangan penyakit pustul bakteri sebesar 16,44%, berbeda nyata dengan kontrol yang serangannya mencapai 36,19%.
Virulency of Bacillus subtilis and Trichoderma harzianum Against Sprout Disease Pythium spp. in Cucumber Plants Minal Maimanah; Restu Rizkyta Kusuma; Luqman Qurata Aini
Journal of Tropical Plant Protection Vol. 2 No. 2 (2021)
Publisher : University of Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jtpp.2021.002.2.1

Abstract

Sprout disease (damping off) is one of the important diseases that attack a variety of horticultural plants. Besides, sprouts disease can also attack seeds that have not germinated (preemergence damping-off). This study aimed to determine and compare the ability of B. subtilis and T. harzianum in controlling the pathogen Pythium spp. in cucumber plants. Phy01CK and Phy01IP isolates were use in the virulency test and inoculation methods of pathogens. The inhibition test between B. subtilis and T. harzianum against Pythium spp. was conducted in the in vitro test. This research was used a randomized block design with 13 treatments and three replications. The results of the antagonist's effect in vitro between T. harzianum and Pythium spp. showed the highest suppressing growth of Pythium spp. which is 70%. B. subtilis, B. subtilis + T. harzianum and fungicides each having a zone of inhibition of 23%, 32% and 46%. In the in vivo tests, the application of biological agents with 3 different times was not affecting the incidence of damping-off disease at 10 days after planting.
POTENTIAL ENTOMOPATHOGENIC BACTERIA ISOLATED FROM EXTREME CONDITION AREA SIDOARJO MUD, INDONESIA AGAINST Spodoptera litura FAB (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE) Tita Widjayanti; Luqman Qurata Aini; Restu Rizkyta Kusuma; Istiqomah Istiqomah
BUANA SAINS Vol 23, No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Tribhuwana Tunggadewi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33366/bs.v23i1.4554

Abstract

Biological control by using entomopathogenic bacteria shows potential to be developed as an alternative technique to control Spodoptera litura. Bacteria that can live in extreme environments are reported to have high efficiency and the ability to survive in various environmental conditions, such as in the area of Sidoarjo mud. Related to the issue, this research aimed to find out bacteria that can survive in extreme conditions and are potentially entomopathogenic to control S. litura. The study was conducted from January until July 2021 in the Sidoarjo mud area and laboratory of Biological Control, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Brawijaya. The research was conducted using methods including consist of a sampling of Sidoarjo hot mud, isolation, and screening of bacteria that is potential as entomopathogenic bacteria, bioassay of mortality S. litura, development of larvae and pupal using Completely Randomized Design with 11 treatments and 4 replications, and molecular identification by 16S rRNA. Data for mortality and development of larvae and pupal were submitted to variance analysis, followed in comparison to the averages of the Duncan test at a 5% level of significance. The results showed that 43 colony bacteria from Sidoarjo hot mud have been successfully isolated and obtained 9 isolates selected as entomopathogenic bacteria against S. litura with a percentage of mortality larvae reached 60%. Moreover, bacteria have the potential to inhibit the development of larvae and pupal S. litura. Molecular identification showed that potential isolates are Bacillus subtilis strain 15A-B92, Bacillus thuringiensis strain GTG-29, and Bacillus anthracis strain BA1035.
Co-Authors Achmad Roekhan Agus Prayitno Kurniawan Aini, Nurul Aini Ayu Wike Widiasari Chiu-Chsiung Cheng Dwi Yamika, Wiwin Sumiya Dyah Ayu Agustin Elly Qurrotu A’yun Istiqomah, Istiqomah Izza, Junda Fauzul Kurniawan, Agus Prayitno Liliek Sulistyowati Luqman Qurata Aini Luqman Qurata Aini Luqman Qurata Aini Luqman Qurata Aini Maghfoer, Moch Dawam Minal Maimanah Moch Dawam Maghfoer Naziha Diyanatur Rosiyah Nurul Aini Aini Siti Mahfudhoh Tia Indi Marsya Tita Widjayanti Wiwin Sumiya Dwi Yamika Yi-Hsien Lin