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Kandungan flavanoid total dan aktivitas antimikroba serbuk biji kakao (Theobroma cacao) asal kabupaten enrekang Sulawesi Selatan Emelda, Andi; Rusli, Rusli; Nurlina, Nurlina; Santi, Irma
Pharmaciana Vol 6, No 2 (2016): Pharmaciana
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Cocoa and its derivatives are rich in flavonoids. Flavonoid content of cocoa beans is affected by the treatment process. The aim of this study are to determine total flavonoids and antimicrobial activity of cocoa powder. This study used unfermented cocoa beans in the form of powder. Testing of the total flavonoids was conducted using an aluminum chloride colorimetric assay. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC), and antimicrobial activity of cocoa bean powder were tested by using ten bacteria: Staphylococcus epidermidis, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Salmonella thypi, Shigella dysentriae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans, Vibrio cholerae, and Propioni bacterium agne. The result of measurement of the total flavonoid of unfermented cocoa powder is 22.62 mg EC/g. The screening of antimicrobial with concentration of 0.1% of cocoa powder gives inhibition in Streptococcus mutans, dysentriae Shigella, Escherichia coli, Vibrio cholerae bacterium and Propioni bacterium agne, while at a concentration of 0.5% gives inhibition at all test bacteria. In the antimicrobial activity test using a concentration of 0.5%, 1%, 2% and 4%, the highest resistance zone is shown at a concentration of 4 %. The results show that the diameter zone of inhibition for the bacteria Shigella dysentriae is 11.33 mm. The 10 mm of diameter zone of inhibition are indicated by streptococcus mutans, Escherichia coli, Propioni bacterium agne, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis while 11 mm zone of inhibition demonstrated by Salmonella thypi and Staphylococcus epidermidis. The number of the diameter zone of inhibition, 12 mm, was shown in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In conclusion, the powder of unfermented cocoa beans provides flavonoids 22,62 mg EK/g and have the antimicrobial activity.

UJI EFEK EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN CINCAU HIJAU (Cyclea barbata Miers) SEBAGAI ANTIINFLAMASI PADA TIKUS PUTIH YANG DIINDUKSI KARAGEN Irma Santi; Bayu Putra; Sri Wahyuni
As-Syifaa Jurnal Farmasi Vol 9, No 1 (2017): AS-SYIFAA Jurnal Farmasi
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi UMI

Inflammatory medication which is commonly used is the treatment synthetically or traditionally from the natural ingredients, the green grass jelly leaves (Cyclea barbata Miers). This research aimed to determine the effects and the most effective dose of the ethanol extract of green grass jelly leaves as an anti-inflammatory in white rats induced by carrageenan. This research used 15 mice divide into 5 group. Group I (negative control) was given Na.CMC; group II (positive control) was given Na.Diclofenac; group III, IV and V were given ethanol extract of green grass jelly leaves (EEDCH) at the dose of 1.875 mg/kgBW, 3.75 mg/kgBW, and 7.5 mg/kgBW. Pretreatment on animals induced by carrageenan 1% amounted to 0.1 mL in sub plantar on the soles of the mice. The measurements were made every 1 hour for 5 hour by using the pletismometer tool. The result showed that the ethanol extract of green grass jelly leaves has a potential as anti-inflammatory. Based on the result of statistical analysis of the one way ANOVA followed by Post Hoc Test LSD showed that substance EEDCH at the dose of 7.5 mg/kgBW has anti-inflammatory effect were not significantly different from the positive control (Na.Diclofenac).Keywords: Green grass jelly leaves (Cyclea barbata Miers), anti-inflammatory, Na.Diclofenac.

EVALUASI POTENSI INTERAKSI OBAT ANTIBIOTIKA PADA PENYAKIT INFEKSI GASTROINTESTINAL PASIEN RAWAT INAP PERIODE JANUARI – JUNI 2016 DI RUMAH SAKIT IBNU SINA MAKASSAR Irma Santi; Hendra Herman; Andi Afifatun Nisa Al Ishak
As-Syifaa Jurnal Farmasi Vol 12, No 1 (2020): AS-SYIFAA JURNAL FARMASI
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi UMI

Infective gastrointestinal is gastrointestinal tract inflammation (GIT), which is caused by microorganisms. The symptoms include diarrhea, vomit, abdominal pain, and fever. This study aimed to determine the antibiotic drug interaction potential based on the interaction mechanisms of gastrointestinal infectious diseases of in patients in the period of January to June 2016 at IbnuSina Hospital Makassar and to determine the severity of antibiotic drug interaction using the website www.drugs.com on the gastrointestinal infectious diseases. This research is non experiments conducted by dekskriptif method retrospectively. The results showed that the drug interaction in the therapeutic use along with less potential antibiotics to interact. This was shown that pharmacokinetic interaction mechanism is 3.80% cases and pharmacodynamics interactions is 6.33% cases, while the pharmacokinetic interaction instead of antibiotics is 40.51% cases, and pharmacodynamics interactions is 7.60% cases. Based on the minor or moderate severity levels, the drug interactions between antibiotics and other drugs are 11.39% cases while the drugs which is not the antibiotics of drug interaction case is 32.91% cases.

UJI TOKSISITAS FRAKSI n-BUTANOL BERUWAS LAUT (Scaevola taccada (Gaertn.) Roxb.) DENGAN METODE BRINE SHRIMP LETHALITY TEST Irma Santi; Sitti Nurbaezurah
As-Syifaa Jurnal Farmasi Vol 5, No 1 (2013): AS-SYIFAA Jurnal Farmasi
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi UMI

The research on Toxicity Test Of n-Butanol Fraction Beruwas Laut (Scaevola taccada (Gaertn.) Roxb.) Using Brine Shrimp Lethality Test Method an investigation with larvaes Artemia salina Leach as test animal which is intended to potential toxic test. Each treatment is done the replication of research 3 times of the fraction n-butanol beruwas laut concentration are 0,1 μg/ml, 1 μg/ml, 10 μg/ ml, 100 μg/ml and solvent control n-butanol by same concentration. The result is against larvae that died 24 hours after component test was given. Through the data, LC50 value of n-butanol fraction Beruwas Laut (Scaevola taccada (Gaertn.) Roxb.) was analyzed by probit analysis. This research indicated concentration of fraction n-butanol of beruwas laut (Scaevola taccada (Gaertn.) Roxb.) could kill larvae by the concentration of 0,1 μg/ml, 1 μg/ml, 10 μg/ml and 100 μg/ml. The result of probit analysis indicated that LC50 value of fraction Beruwas Laut of (Scaevola taccada (Gaertn.) Roxb.) was 12,16 ± 11,23 µg/mL. Research result and probit analysis indicated that n-butanol fraction of beruwas laut (Scaevola taccada (Gaertn.) Roxb.) toxic characteristic by LC50 value was 12,16 ± 11,23 µg/ml. On according Meyer test result explained toxic about Artemia salina Leach when extract had LC50 less of 1000 µg/mL.Key Words : Toksisitas Test, n-butanol Scaevola taccada (Gaertn.)Roxb), Brine Shrimp Lethality Test

PENENTUAN DOSIS MINIMUM EKSTRAK ETANOL HERBA KROKOT (Portulaca oleracea L.) TERHADAP PENURUNAN KADAR TRIGLISERIDA PADA TIKUS OBESITAS Irma Santi; Rizqi Nur Azizah; Mu’ammar Mu’ammar
As-Syifaa Jurnal Farmasi Vol 10, No 2 (2018): AS-SYIFAA Jurnal Farmasi
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi UMI

Common purslane (Portulace Oleracea L.) has a compound of omega-3, flavonoid and ascorbic acid with the activity in decreasing triglyceride levels. This study aimed to determine the minimum dose of ethanol extract of common purslane against the decrease of triglyceride levels of obese mice. It used 18 rats fed high-calorie diet (HCD) for 30 days. The obese rats were devided into 6 groups consisting of group I of negative controls (Na.CMC ), group II of positive control (gemfibrozil®), group III,IV,V,VI provided the ethanol extract of common purslane (EECP) with 25 mg/kgBW, 50 mg/kgBW, 75 mg/kgBW, 100 mg/kgBW. Afterwards, 14 days of therapy were given and still fed a high-calorie (HCD). The measurement of triglyceride levels is performed before induction (early). After induction , and after therapy. The data of the study were analized by percentage decrease of each test group. The result show that the EECP groups of 75 mg/kgBW was the minimum dose in lowering triglyceride levels with a decrease of 16,49 %.

SOSIALISASI PEMBUATAN TEH HERBAL DALAM KEMASAN TEH CELUP PADA KELOMPOK PKK KALABBIRANG, KABUPATEN TAKALAR Irma Santi; Sitti Amirah; Irma Andriani
Dharmakarya Vol 11, No 1 (2022): Maret, 2022
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/dharmakarya.v11i1.32667

Masyarakat luas kurang meminati teh herbal karena kurangnya pengetahuan terutama tentang khasiatnya, cara pengolahan yang tepat, adanya aroma dan rasa pahit atau hambar (tidak berasa) yang biasa muncul dari teh herbal serta kemasan yang kurang praktis dan menarik. Kegiatan pengabdiaan bertujuan untuk memberikan pengetahuan dan keterampilan kepada masyarakat terkait pembuatan teh celup kemasan dari tanaman herbal yang memiliki cita rasa aroma yang nikmat. Pada kegiatan pengabdiaan ini, dilakukan metode yaitu penyuluhan dan pelatihan pembuatan teh herbal pada anggota kelompok pembinaan kesejahteraan keluarga (PKK) dengan membuat teh herbal kombinasi daun pegagan (Centella asiatica) dan kayu secang (Caesalpinia sappan L) dengan penambahan pemanis daun stevia (Stevia rebaudiana) serta evaluasi kegiatan. Hasil kegiatan pengabdiaan ini menujukkan tingkat pengetahuan peserta meningkat dari tingkat pengetahuan kurang (46,66 %) menjadi tingkat pengetahuan baik (80%). ini berdasarkan pertanyaan yang diberikan kepada peserta kegiatan. mengenai khasiat,cara yang tepat dalam proses pemetikan, pengolahan tanaman herbal menjadi simplisia hingga cara pembuatan teh herbal dalam bentuk kemasan teh celup yang sebelumnya mereka belum ketahui dengan baik.

Kandungan flavanoid total dan aktivitas antimikroba serbuk biji kakao (Theobroma cacao) asal kabupaten enrekang Sulawesi Selatan Andi Emelda; Rusli Rusli; Nurlina Nurlina; Irma Santi
Pharmaciana Vol 6, No 2 (2016): Pharmaciana
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Cocoa and its derivatives are rich in flavonoids. Flavonoid content of cocoa beans is affected by the treatment process. The aim of this study are to determine total flavonoids and antimicrobial activity of cocoa powder. This study used unfermented cocoa beans in the form of powder. Testing of the total flavonoids was conducted using an aluminum chloride colorimetric assay. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC), and antimicrobial activity of cocoa bean powder were tested by using ten bacteria: Staphylococcus epidermidis, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Salmonella thypi, Shigella dysentriae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans, Vibrio cholerae, and Propioni bacterium agne. The result of measurement of the total flavonoid of unfermented cocoa powder is 22.62 mg EC/g. The screening of antimicrobial with concentration of 0.1% of cocoa powder gives inhibition in Streptococcus mutans, dysentriae Shigella, Escherichia coli, Vibrio cholerae bacterium and Propioni bacterium agne, while at a concentration of 0.5% gives inhibition at all test bacteria. In the antimicrobial activity test using a concentration of 0.5%, 1%, 2% and 4%, the highest resistance zone is shown at a concentration of 4 %. The results show that the diameter zone of inhibition for the bacteria Shigella dysentriae is 11.33 mm. The 10 mm of diameter zone of inhibition are indicated by streptococcus mutans, Escherichia coli, Propioni bacterium agne, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis while 11 mm zone of inhibition demonstrated by Salmonella thypi and Staphylococcus epidermidis. The number of the diameter zone of inhibition, 12 mm, was shown in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In conclusion, the powder of unfermented cocoa beans provides flavonoids 22,62 mg EK/g and have the antimicrobial activity.

Ethanol Extract of Miana Leaf (Coleus atropurpureus Benth) As Analgetic Antiinflamation in Rats (Rattus novergicus): Ekstrak Etanol Daun Miana (Coleus atropurpureus Benth) sebagai Analgetik Antiinflamasi pada Tikus (Rattus novergicus) Sukmawati; Irma Santi; Aulia Wati; Riska Aulya
Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy) (e-Journal) Vol. 8 No. 1 (2022): (March 2022)
Publisher : Universitas Tadulako

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22487/j24428744.2022.v8.i1.15678

Background: Inflammation is a normal protective response to tissue injury caused by physical trauma, chemicals, or microbiological substances. The manifestation clinic of inflammation is pain. Miana leaves (Coleus atropurpureus Benth.) have chemical contents such as essential oils, phenols, flavonoids, and polyphenols. Flavonoids can protect lipid membranes from damage and inhibit cyclooxygenase, which is the first pathway for the synthesis of pain mediators such as prostaglandins. Objectives: This study aims to determine the effectiveness of ethanol extract of Miana leaves (Coleus atropurpureus Benth) (EEML) as analgesic and anti-inflammatory in rats (Rattus novergicus). Material and Methods: This study used The Pre-Posttest-Only Control Group Design, twenty male rats were divided into 5 groups namely negative control, positive control was given diclofenac sodium, treatment with EEML dose of 150 mg/kgBW, 300 mg/kgBW, and 600 mg/kgBW. Test of Antiinflammatory uses the Rat Hind Paw Edema method where the condition of inflammation in rats is induced with 5% egg white by subplantar. The measurement of edema in rat feet used a caliper every 30 minutes for 5 hours. While The measurement of analgesic testing used the method of nociception test which evaluates pain responses such as Staggering Gait, Vocalization, and Writhing. Results: The results of the measurement of the inflammatory parameters were analyzed with the One Way Anova test for the width of edema foot and Kruskal Walis for the thickness of edema foot. While the results of observing the pain response were analyzed with the Kruskal Walis test. Conclusions: This study concluded that the ethanol extract of Miana leaves has anti-inflammatory analgesic especially at a dose of 600 mg/kg BW which results are non-significant (p> 0.05) with a positive control group (sodium diclofenac).

UJI EFEK NEFROPROTEKTIF EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN BINAHONG (Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis) PADA TIKUS JANTAN YANG DIINDUKSI GENTAMISIN Irma Santi; Aulia Wati; Mauriska Dwiyanti Sjamsuddin
As-Syifaa Jurnal Farmasi Vol 14, No 1 (2022): AS-SYIFAA JURNAL FARMASI
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi UMI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56711/jifa.v14i1.788

Nephroprotective is an attempt to protect the kidneys from damage. The research aimed tc determine the effect of nephroprotective and determine the effective dosage of ethanol extract of Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis leaf as the nephroprotective. The research used 15 male rats divided into 5 groups. Group 1 (normal) was no treatment; group 2 (negative control) was induced by gentamicin; and groups 3, 4 and 5 (test group) were provided ethanol extract of Anredera cordlfolia Ten.) Steenis leaves sequentially at the doses of 100 mg/KgBW, 150 mg/KgBW and 200 mg/KgBW. The extract was orally given once a day for 8 days; every 1 hour after the treatment, all the test rats were intraperitoneally induced by gentamicin of 80 mg/KgBW except for the normal group. The measurement of creatinine content was conducted on day 1 and 9. Based on the results of the measurement of final creatinine content, the ethanoi exiract of the Madeira-vine leaf obtained had the effect as nephroprotective. From the results of the difference in creatinine content, the analysis was conducted by One-Way ANOVA followed by the LSD test. In conclusion, the ethanol extract of Madeira-vine leaf of the doses of 100 mg/KgBW, 150 mg/KgBW and 200 mg/KgBW had relatively the same nephroprotective effect.

INVENTARISASI TANAMAN OBAT UNTUK PENYAKIT HIPERTENSI PADA MASYARAKAT KECAMATAN BAREBBO, KABUPATEN BONE, PROVINSI SULAWESI SELATAN Irma Santi; Rezki Amriati Syarif; Nitya Kusumayanti
As-Syifaa Jurnal Farmasi Vol 14, No 2 (2022): AS-SYIFAA JURNAL FARMASI
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi UMI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56711/jifa.v14i2.898

Inventory of medicinal plants is an activity to collect data related to the types of medicinal plants in an area or region. People in Barebbo District still use plants as traditional medicines to treat various diseases, one of which is hypertension. Hypertension is ranked first in the 10 cases of the most common disease suffered by the community in Barebbo District. This study was conducted with the aim of collecting data on medicinal plants used by the community in Barebbo District and how to use these plants for the treatment of hypertension. This research was conducted using the snowball sampling method and the respondents were obtained based on key-informant references. From this study, it was found that there were 21 species of plants used by the community in Barebbo District to treat hypertension and Apiaceae family was the most widely used. The people in Barebbo District utilized leaves, tubers, fruit, water, rhizomes, seeds, stems and herbs. They mostly used the plant by drinking it 1-2 times a day. Besides, they cultivated these plants by boiling, brewing, squeezing, and also consuming them directly.

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