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Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Karang Lunak Sarcophyton sp. yang Difragmentasi dan Tidak Difragmentasi dari Perairan Pulau Pramuka, Kepulauan Seribu, Jakarta Kawaroe, Mujizat; Soedarma, Dedi; Effendi, Hefni; Nurhayati, Tati; Hardiningtyas, Safrina Dyah
Biota : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Hayati Vol 15, No 3 (2010): October 2010
Publisher : Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta

Fragmented and non-fragmented soft corals showed antibacterial activities. Soft corals were gradually extracted using methanol, ethyl acetate, and hexane. Crude extract of the samples was tested its antibacterial activity, Minimun Inhibitory Concentration, toxicity (Brine Shrimp Lethality Test method), and phytochemicals. Overall, the antibacterial activity of crude extract of non-fragmented soft coral Sarcophyton sp. was higher than the crude extract of fragmented soft coral Sarcophyton sp. Crude ethyl acetate extract showed higher antibacterial activities. The ethyl acetate crude extract of non-fragmented soft coral Sarcophyton sp. is able to inhibit all tested bacteria is E. coli, S. aureus, P. aeruginosa and B.cereus, while the ethyl acetate crude extract of fragmented Sarcophyton sp. is unable to inhibit bacteria P. aeruginosa. Minimum inhibitory concentration extracts of non-fragmented Sarcophyton sp. in range 240âˆ’480 Î¼g/disc. The 24-h LC50 extracts of fragmented and non-fragmented Sarcophyton sp. for Artemia salina were 149.50 ppm and 45.15 ppm, respectively. Bioactive compounds of fragmented and non-fragmented Sarcophyton sp. extract are steroid, flavonoid and alkaloid.

AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN DAN EFEK HEPATOPROTEKTIF DAUN BAKAU API-API PUTIH safrina dyah hardiningtyas; sri - purwaningsih; Ekowati - Handharyani
Jurnal Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan Indonesia Vol 17 No 1 (2014): Jurnal Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan Indonesia
Publisher : Department of Aquatic Product Technology IPB University in collaboration with Masyarakat Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan Indonesia (MPHPI)

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan ekstrak kasar daun api-api putih yang memiliki aktivitas antioksidan terbaik, menentukan kandungan fitokimia dan efek Hepatoprotektif ekstrak kasar yang dipilih secara in vivo. Daun api-api putih diekstrak menggunakan tiga jenis pelarut, yakni metanol, etil asetat dan n-heksana. Dalam uji in vivo dilakukan evaluasi terhadap kadar malondialdehid (MDA), enzim aspartat transaminase (AST), enzim alanin transaminase (ALT), dan histopatologi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstraksi daun api-api putih dengan pelarut etil asetat menghasilkan aktivitas antioksidan terbaik dengan kandungan fitokimia terdiri dari flavonoid dan steroid/triterpenoid. Pemberian ekstrak etil asetat daun api-api putih pada tikus yang telah diinduksi CCl4 dapat menormalkan berbagai parameter biokimia stres oksidatif (kadar MDA, AST, dan ALT) dibandingkan dengan standar Silymarin. Ekstrak daun api-api putih berpotensi untuk melindungi hati tikus dari kerusakan oksidatif yang diinduksi CCl4. Efek Hepatoprotektif ekstrak daun api-api putih berkorelasi dengan aktivitas antioksidannya.Kata kunci: antioksidan, Avicennia marina, ekstrak, hepatoprotektor

Depolimerisasi Kitosan Menggunakan Sinar Ultraviolet dan Katalis Asam Klorida: Depolymerization of chitosan with ultraviolet ray and chloride acid catalyst Devi Faustine; Iriani Setyaningsih; Safrina Dyah Hardiningtyas
Jurnal Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan Indonesia Vol 23 No 3 (2020): Jurnal Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan Indonesia 23(3)
Publisher : Masyarakat Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan Indonesia (MPHPI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17844/jphpi.v23i3.31656

Chitosan is a natural product of chitin deacetylation which has a long molecular chain and high molecular weight, this makes chitosan constrained in the process of its application. To overcome this, it is necessary to do a depolymerization process that can reduce the molecular weight of chitosan and shorten the molecular chain of chitosan. Chitosan depolymerization in this study was carried out using ultraviolet radiation and strong acids to use chitosan polymer chains to produce chitosan with shorter chains and can be used in water or neutral solvents. Depolymerization begins with dissolving chitosan with hydrochloric acid solution, then irradiated with ultraviolet light for 45 minutes, 60 minutes, 75 minutes. Chitosan solution was precipitated using isopropyl alcohol, and filtered with 40 mesh nylon cloth. Chitosan which has a pH of seven is dried to get chitosan dissolved air. The air soluble chitosan obtained was analyzed by comparing each given administration and chitosan control. The use of ultraviolet light and HCl solutions designed to depolymerize the characteristics of chitosan produced. Selected based on chitosan depolymerized with 75 minutes of ultraviolet light irradiation with yield of 70.07±14.00%, solubility 99.80±0.17%, white degree 99.99±0.00%, viscosity 49.78±0.31 cP, molecular weight 169.46±0.30 kDa, and zeta potential 73.03±1.92 mV. The decrease in molecular weight and viscosity on the characteristics of water-soluble chitosan shows that the process of chitosan depolymerization occurs when the depolymerization effect increases with the duration of ultraviolet light irradiation.

Pengaruh Jenis Pelarut dan Ultrasonikasi terhadap Ekstrak Fikoeritrin dari Kappaphycus alvarezii : The Effect of Different Solvent Type on Phycoerithryn Extract from Kappaphycus alvarezii Anne Mumtaza Putri; Uju; Safrina Dyah Hardiningtyas
Jurnal Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan Indonesia Vol 24 No 2 (2021): Jurnal Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan Indonesia 24(2)
Publisher : Department of Aquatic Product Technology IPB University in collaboration with Masyarakat Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan Indonesia (MPHPI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17844/jphpi.v24i2.37182

Kappaphycus alvarezii is a type of red seaweed (Rhodophyta) which contains phycobiliprotein pigments. Red seaweed is dominated by phycoerythrin type phycobiliprotein. Phycoerythrin can be obtained from the extraction process. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of solvent type and acceleration time of ultrasonication extraction on phycoerythrin pigments. The extraction process was carried out in stages using distilled water, CaCl2 and phosphate buffer with ultrasonication acceleration of 35-55 minutes. The results showed that the phycoerythrin pigment extract of K. alvarezii using distilled water produced a more concentrated pigment color than buffer phosphate and CaCl2, showing the highest concentration of 0.057 mg/mL, and a purity index of 0.189. Water solvent is safe to use because water does not have toxic power. So, there is no need to conduct a preliminary test for solvent toxicity. It is more economical than other types of solvents. The extraction of phycoerythrin pigment using distilled water for 45 minutes resulted in a more concentrated pigment color. The concentration of phycoerythrin pigment before and after precipitation was 0.170 mg/mL and 0.421 mg/mL, respectively. The phycoerythrin pigment purity index before and after precipitation was 0.301 and 0.831, respectively. The best antioxidant activity (% inhibition) was found at concentrations of 50 ppm and 80 ppm phycoerythrin pigment with extraction time of 45 minutes at 62% and 89% respectively. Protein profile using SDS-Page showed that phycoerythrin has a molecular weight of 16.27 kDa in the subunit, 17.79 kDa in the subunit β, and 30.60 kDa in the subunit γ.

Depolimerisasi Kitosan dari Cangkang Udang dengan Enzim Papain dan Iradiasi Sinar Ultraviolet: Depolymerization of Chitosan from Shrimp Shell Using Papain Enzyme and Ultraviolet Light Irradiation Rizfi Fariz Pari; Dewi Mayangsari; Safrina Dyah Hardiningtyas
Jurnal Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan Indonesia Vol 25 No 1 (2022): Jurnal Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan Indonesia 25(1)
Publisher : Masyarakat Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan Indonesia (MPHPI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17844/jphpi.v25i1.40311

Chitosan is a natural polymer with positive charge that is good to be applied in the pharmaceutical field as a drug carrier. However, commercial chitosan has a large molecular weight and low degree of deacetylation, so its application is limited due to its low solubility in water. This study aims to determine the effect of the depolymerization method of two classes of chitosan on the market. The types of chitosan used to produce chitooligosaccharide are pharmaceutical grade and food grade. The method used were UV-C light irradiation (75 minutes), papain enzyme hydrolysis (15 g/L for 16 hours, 40oC and pH 5) and a combination of UV and enzymes. The results showed that the grade of chitosan and the depolymerization method affected the characteristics of the product. The three methods used in pharmaceutical grade chitosan produce chitooligosaccharide which dissolved directly in water with a neutral pH. Chitooligosaccharide had yield of >62%, whiteness degree of 99.33%, molecular weight <5.5 KDa, and degree of deacetylation >85%. Food grade chitosan which has been depolymerized by different methods cannot be dissolved in water with a neutral pH. Food grade chitosan through the combination of UV+enzyme depolymerization has the same deacetylation quality as pharmaceutical grade chitosan.

Ekstraksi Polisakarida Ulvan dari Rumput Laut Ulva lactuca Berbantu Gelombang Ultrasonik pada Suhu Rendah : Ultrasonic Wave Assisted Extraction of Ulvan Polysaccharide from Ulva Seaweed at Low Temperature Wahyu Ramadhan; Uju Uju; Safrina Dyah Hardiningtyas; Rizfi Fariz Pari; Nurhayati Nurhayati; Devani Sevica
Jurnal Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan Indonesia Vol 25 No 1 (2022): Jurnal Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan Indonesia 25(1)
Publisher : Masyarakat Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan Indonesia (MPHPI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17844/jphpi.v25i1.40407

Ulvan merupakan polisakarida bersulfat utama dari rumput laut Ulva yang memiliki aktivitas biologis penting. Umumnya ulvan diekstrak menggunakan suhu tinggi dan dengan rentang waktu yang lama, oleh karena itu diperlukan metode ekstraksi alternatif yang dapat menghasilkan ulvan yang memiliki kualitas yang baik namun tetap mendukung konsep efisiensi energi. Salah satu metode green extraction yang dapat mengurangi penggunaan pelarut organik dan energi yang tinggi selama ekstraksi adalah dengan bantuan gelombang ultrasonik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan waktu, suhu dan jenis pelarut dengan bantuan ultrasonik yang paling baik dalam menghasilkan rendemen dan karakteristik ulvan yang sesuai dibandingkan dengan ulvan yang diekstraksi dengan metode konvensional atau tanpa bantuan ultrasonikasi. Pada penelitian tahap awal digunakan kombinasi antara jenis pelarut (akuades, HCl dan NaOH) dengan kondisi ekstraksi suhu rendah (50, 60, dan 70℃) selama 45 dan 90 menit dengan bantuan ultrasonik. Rendemen tertinggi ulvan diperoleh dari ekstraksi menggunakan NaOH pada suhu 70℃ selama 90 menit dengan bantuan ultrasonik sebesar 16,90±0,45%. molekul dan viskositas ulvan yang dihasilkan dengan berbantu ultrasonik menunjukkan penurunan nilai dibandingkan dengan tanpa ultrasonikasi. Hasil Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy mengkonfirmasi pita serapan grup sulfat yang merupakan residu gula rhamnose pada panjang gelombang 1125 cm-1 dan C-O-S pada 983 cm-1. Ulvan yang diekstrak dengan sonikasi menunjukkan kandungan sulfat 39, 58 dan 53% untuk masing- masing pelarut akuades, HCl dan NaOH. Perlakuan ultrasonikasi memberikan pengaruh pada kandungan sulfat 2-14% lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan sulfat yang dihasilkan dari metode konvensional.

Efek Durasi Waktu Ekstraksi dan Fraksinasi terhadap Aktivitas Antioksidan Daun Bakau Api-Api Putih (Avicennia marina) Safrina Dyah Hardiningtyas; Sri Purwaningsih; Ekowati Handharyani
Jurnal Pascapanen dan Bioteknologi Kelautan dan Perikanan Vol 15, No 2 (2020): Desember 2020
Publisher : Balai Besar Riset Pengolahan Produk dan Bioteknologi Kelautan dan Perikanan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15578/jpbkp.v15i2.604

Api-api putih (Avicennia marina) merupakan salah satu jenis bakau yang melimpah di Indonesia dan dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai sumber antioksidan alami. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan pengaruh waktu ekstraksi dan fraksinasi daun A. marina terhadap aktivitas antioksidannya. Serbuk daun A. marina dimaserasi dengan pelarut etil asetat pada durasi waktu ekstraksi selama 1, 2, 3, dan 4 hari. Sementara itu, fraksinasi ekstrak etil asetat dilakukan dengan kolom kromatografi secara isokratik. Aktivitas antioksidan dari ekstrak kasar dan fraksi-fraksi dianalisis dengan metode DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl). Hasil analisis menunjukkan perlakuan selama satu hari merupakan durasi waktu ekstraksi terbaik untuk mendapatkan rendemen ekstrak (1,65±0,01 %) dengan aktivitas antioksidan tertinggi (IC50 186,67±2,82 ppm). Eluen pengembang terbaik untuk fraksinasi ekstrak etil asetat adalah campuran eluen etil asetat: n-heksana (3:7), yang menghasilkan delapan fraksi. Namun, fraksinasi menurunkan aktivitas antioksidan pada fraksi-fraksi, dibandingkan dengan ekstraknya. Hal ini diduga disebabkan oleh efek sinergis antar senyawa dalam ekstrak. Penelitian lebih lanjut dapat dilakukan untuk isolasi senyawa aktif yang terdapat ekstrak etil asetat daun bakau A. marina. ABSTRACTGrey mangrove (Avicenia marina) is one of the abundant types of mangrove in Indonesia, which can be used as a natural antioxidant source. This study aimed to determine the effect of extraction duration and fractionation on the antioxidant activity of A. Marina leaves. A. marina leaves powder was macerated by ethyl acetate solvent for 1, 2, 3, and 4 days. Meanwhile, fractionation was carried out using column chromatography with an isocratic method. The antioxidant activity of crude extracts and fractions was analyzed by DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) method. The result showed that one-day treatment was the optimum extraction duration to obtain the extract’s yield (1.65±0.01%) with the highest antioxidant activity (IC50 186.67±2.82 ppm). The best eluent in fractionation was a mixture of ethyl acetate: n-hexane (3:7) eluents, which produced eight fractions. However, fractionation reduced the antioxidant activity of fractions, compared to the crude extract. This might have happened because of the synergistic effect among compounds in the extract. Further research can be carried out to isolate the active compounds in the A. marina leaves extract.

Antimicrobial Activity of Nanochitosan Shrimp Shell as a Hands Sanitizer Safrina Dyah Hardiningtyas; Dona Fradilla Bahri; Pipih Suptijah
Journal of Marine and Coastal Science Vol. 11 No. 1 (2022): FEBRUARY
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jmcs.v11i1.33821

Chitosan is a biopolymer that can be extracted from crustaceans, such as shrimp shells. Chitosan is widely used in various fields, such as pharmaceuticals, food, and cosmetics because it is biodegradable, non-toxic, and has antibacterial activity. Nanochitosan is a dosage form based on nanotechnology which has more reactive properties. The purpose of this study was to characterize chitosan and nanochitosan and evaluate the effectiveness of nanochitosan as an antibacterial in hand sanitizer. The tests carried out included analysis of the functional group of chitosan with FTIR, particle size analysis with particle size analyzer, morphological analysis of nanochitosan with SEM, and analysis of the effectiveness of hand sanitizers. The test chitosan used had a degree of deacetylation of 85.94%. The particle size distribution of nanochitosan was 140.94 nm with a polydispersion intensity (PDI) of 0.5830. The results of the antibacterial effectiveness test of nanochitosan as a hand sanitizer showed that the higher the concentration of nanochitosan used, the total bacterial colonies would decrease. The concentration of 2000 ppm nanochitosan can reduce 93.4% of bacterial colonies on probandus hands, and this activity is known to be not significantly different from commercial hand sanitizers.

Kinerja Pembangkit Biolistrik Salt Bridge Mirrobial Fuel Cell Variasi Rasio Karagenan-Karboksimetil Selulosa: The Performance of Salt Bridge Microbial Fuel Cell Bioelectric Generator in Variated Carrageenan-Carboxylmethyl Cellulose Ratio Bustami Ibrahim; Safrina Dyah Hardiningtyas; Steffen
Jurnal Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan Indonesia Vol 25 No 2 (2022): Jurnal Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan Indonesia 25(2)
Publisher : Masyarakat Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan Indonesia (MPHPI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17844/jphpi.v25i2.39872

Sistem microbial fuel cell (MFC) adalah teknologi terbarukan yang dapat mengubah materi organik menjadi energi berupa listrik. Tujuan penelitian ini menentukan rasio karagenan (K) : karboksimetil selulosa (KMS) yang optimal pada jembatan garam untuk menghasilkan energi listrik dalam sistem MFC dan menentukan hasil listrik tertinggi dari limbah cair pindang ikan melalui teknologi MFC salt bridge. Jembatan garam K:KMS dibuat dengan perlakuan rasio K:KMS 1:1, 0,5:1, 0,6:1 (b/b). Perlakuan terbaik adalah K:KMS dengan perbandingan 1:1 menghasilkan tegangan listrik tertinggi sebesar 0,88 V. Jembatan garam K:KMS dengan perbandingan 0,5:1 menghasilkan kuat arus tertinggi sebesar 1,22 mA, serta daya listrik tertinggi sebesar 0,85 mW. Nilai efisiensi penurunan BOD, dan TAN mengalami penurunan sebesar 90,36%, dan 60,45% pada perlakuan rasio K:KMS 1:1. Sistem salt bridge MFC ini menunjukkan kinerja yang sangat baik dan berpotensi untuk dikembangkan di masa depan.

Potency of Cellulolytic Bacteria in Ulva lactuca from Ujung Genteng Beach, Sukabumi, Indonesia Rizfi Fariz Pari; Safrina Dyah Hardiningtyas; Ranula Supraba
Journal of Marine and Coastal Science Vol. 12 No. 2 (2023): JUNE
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Fishery Ulva lactuca is a potential green seaweed species that causes green tides and has not been utilized. U. lactuca has the potency to attract cellulolytic bacteria due to its high carbohydrate content. U. lactuca is commonly found on the southern seacoast of Java Island, one of which is Ujung Genteng Beach, Sukabumi, Indonesia. In this research, we investigated the potential of cellulolytic bacteria from U. lactuca. Sources of bacteria are coming from the environment, the surface of the seaweed, and inside the seaweed (endophytes). To be able to determine the origin of the potential bacteria, the total plate count (TPC) was calculated with treatment without washing, washing with distilled water, and washing with a combination of distilled water and alcohol. From these bacteria, cellulolytic activity was tested using CMC media and morphological characterization. The most bacteria were found in the treatment without washing, as much as 7.48 Log Cfu/ml. The washing process reduced the TPC to 5.88 and 5.7 Log Cfu/ml in the treatment of washing with distilled water and washing with a combination of distilled water and alcohol, so that endophytic bacteria were obtained. The bacterial isolate with the highest cellulolytic potential was UW 1(1)1 5A1 from the non-washing treatment with a cellulolytic index of 2.25. These Gram-positive bacteria were in the form of filamentous lobates with a matte cream color with cocci-shaped cells. Meanwhile, the potential endophytic bacteria were Gram-positive coccus bacteria UW 3(1)1.2 with a cellulolytic index of 0.85. Both isolates have the potency to degrade cellulose.

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