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Pemanfaatan Pati Biji Durian (Durio zibethinus Murr.) dan Pati Sagu (Metroxylon sp.) Dalam Pembuatan Bioplastik Cornelia, Melanie; Syarief, Rizal; Effendi, Hefni; Nurtama, Budi
Jurnal Kimia dan Kemasan Vol. 35 No. 1 April 2013
Publisher : Balai Besar Kimia dan Kemasan

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Abstract

Bioplastik adalah plastik yang dapat didegradasi oleh mikroba yang ada di dalam tanah karena adanya kandungan pati di dalamnya. Bioplastik diharapkan merupakan salah satu solusi dari masalah lingkungan yang disebabkan oleh penumpukan sampah kantong plastik belanja yang menjadi beban lingkungan. Secara komersial sudah ada bioplastik yang diproduksi dengan variasi jumlah penambahan pati singkong atau pati jagung, namun kendalanya adalah harga produk masih mahal jika dibandingkan dengan harga kantong plastik konvensional pada umumnya, karena tepung dan pati tersebut masih dibutuhkan di sektor pangan dan energi. Pada penelitian ini bioplastik dibuat dengan menggunakan pati yang diekstraksi dari biji durian yang selama ini merupakan limbah, untuk dicampur dengan biji plastik LDPE pada variasi konsentrasi pati 0% sampai 50%. Sebagai pembanding dipakai pati dari empulur sagu, sehingga karakteristik fisik seperti warna dan sifat mekanik dari bioplastik seperti kekuatan tarik, perpanjangan putus, dan kekerasan dapat dibandingkan. Uji penurunan berat bioplastik dilakukan dengan pemendaman di dalam tanah selama 8 minggu. Hasil uji Anova menunjukkan perlakuan jenis pati dan konsentrasi pati yang ditambahkan tidak beda nyata (p>0,05) terhadap kehilangan berat plastik. Analisis SEM dilakukan untuk membandingkan rongga diantara molekul pati dengan polimer plastik pada perbesaran 2500x yang menyebabkan kekuatan mekanik plastik menjadi berkurang dan rapuh ketika ditarik. Pati biji durian 10% terbukti optimal dapat digunakan sebagai substitusi polimer tanpa penambahan aditif dalam pembuatan bioplastik, dengan karakteristik mekanik yang dapat dibandingkan dengan pati sagu dan pati singkong, namun memiliki laju degradasi yang lebih rendah. 
The Community Structure of Phytoplankton in Seagrass Ecosystem and its Relationship with Environmental Characterstics Setiabudi, Gede Iwan; Bengen, Dietriech G.; Effendi, Hefni; Radjasa, Ocky Karna
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 8, No 3 (2016): December 2016
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v8i3.6549

Abstract

The aimed of this study was to determine the plankton communities and its relationship with the chemical and physical condition in seagrass ecosystem at Pegametan Bay. The composition and abundance of plankton were observed in the sea water underneath the surface and were identified based on the guideline of Illustration of the Marine Plankton of Japan. The water quality was measured in situ using WQC HI 9829. The water sample was measured using closed reflux spectrometry for COD, TOC analyzer for DOC and APHA 2102 (4500) method for Nt and Pt. There are 27 species of plankton identified, which can be classified into three groups. Diatom group consists of 18 species with a 74.56% abundance. The non-litoral group consists of 6 species with a 23.35% abundance. Moreover, dinoflagellate group consist of 3 species with a 2.09% abundance. An abundance of plankton greater than 104 cell.L-1 was found in diatome group (Nitzschia sp., Thalassiosira sp., Chaetoceros sp., Flagillaria sp., Thalassiothrix sp., and Melosira sp.) and non-litoral group (Oscillatoria sp. and Spirogyra sp.). The abundance of those species indicated the algae bloom phenomenon. Dinophysis sp. was also identified, which was harmful algal blooms.How to CiteSetiabudi, G. I., Bengen, D. G., Effendi, H., & Radjasa, O. K. (2016). The Community Structure of Phytoplankton in Seagrass Ecosystem and its Relationship with Environmental Characterstics. Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education, 8(3), 257-269.
Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Karang Lunak Sarcophyton sp. yang Difragmentasi dan Tidak Difragmentasi dari Perairan Pulau Pramuka, Kepulauan Seribu, Jakarta Kawaroe, Mujizat; Soedarma, Dedi; Effendi, Hefni; Nurhayati, Tati; Hardiningtyas, Safrina Dyah
Biota : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Hayati Vol 15, No 3 (2010): October 2010
Publisher : Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (350.539 KB) | DOI: 10.24002/biota.v15i3.2588

Abstract

Fragmented and non-fragmented soft corals showed antibacterial activities. Soft corals were gradually extracted using methanol, ethyl acetate, and hexane. Crude extract of the samples was tested its antibacterial activity, Minimun Inhibitory Concentration, toxicity (Brine Shrimp Lethality Test method), and phytochemicals. Overall, the antibacterial activity of crude extract of non-fragmented soft coral Sarcophyton sp. was higher than the crude extract of fragmented soft coral Sarcophyton sp. Crude ethyl acetate extract showed higher antibacterial activities. The ethyl acetate crude extract of non-fragmented soft coral Sarcophyton sp. is able to inhibit all tested bacteria is E. coli, S. aureus, P. aeruginosa and B.cereus, while the ethyl acetate crude extract of fragmented Sarcophyton sp. is unable to inhibit bacteria P. aeruginosa. Minimum inhibitory concentration extracts of non-fragmented Sarcophyton sp. in range 240−480 μg/disc. The 24-h LC50 extracts of fragmented and non-fragmented Sarcophyton sp. for Artemia salina were 149.50 ppm and 45.15 ppm, respectively. Bioactive compounds of fragmented and non-fragmented Sarcophyton sp. extract are steroid, flavonoid and alkaloid.
Biopotensi Tumbuhan Mangrove untuk Pencegahan Penyakit Vibrosis pada Udang Windu ., Melki; Soedharma, Dedi; Effendi, Hefni; Mustopa, A. Zaenal
Maspari Journal : Marine Science Research Vol 2, No 1 (2011): Edisi Januari
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SRIWIJAYA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (307.912 KB) | DOI: 10.36706/maspari.v2i1.1146

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Ekstrak tiga jenis tumbuhan mangrove (daun, buah, batang dan akar) meliputi tumbuhan mangrove Ceriops tagal, Rhizophora apiculata, dan Sonneratia alba yang diambil dari Sadai, Bangka Selatan, Bangka Belitung dimana telah diekstraksi dengan pelarut methanol, ethyl acetate dan n-hexane serta telah diuji sebagai antibakteri pada bakteri Vibrio harveyi yaitu patogen udang windu dan uji toksisitas BSLT. Hasil uji antibakteri dari semua bagian tumbuhan mangrove didapatkan bahwa daun dan batang S. alba dengan pelarut metanol lebih potensi yaitu dengan zona hambat yang terbentuk 24±3,78 mm dan 23±3,78 mm. Hasil uji BSLT didapatkan untuk daun S. alba dengan pelarut metanol bersifat toksik sedangkan batang S. alba dengan pelarut metanol bersifat tidak toksik terhadap artemia. Selanjutnya bagian tumbuhan mangrove dianalisa komponen kimianya dengan menggunakan kromatografi kolom, kromatografi lapis tipis dan kromatografi cair kinerja tinggi dengan detektor PDA. Hasil identifikasi dengan menggunakan kromatografi kolom dengan eluen chloroform: methanol (9:1 sampai 1:9) memberikan hasil pemisahan terbaik, identifikasi dengan menggunakan kromatografi lapis tipis dengan eluen chloroform: methanol (9:1 sampai 1:9) memberikan hasil pemisahan terbaik dan identifikasi dengan kromatografi cair kinerja tinggi pada panjang gelombang 200-400 nm menghasilkan bahwa ekstrak tumbuhan mangrove yang berperan sebagai antibakteri dan untuk selanjutnya ekstrak tumbuhan mangrove ini dapat dikembangkan sebagai antibakteri dan biofarmatika.   Kata kunci: ekstrak mangrove, antibakteri, BSLT, kromatografi kolom , kromatografi lapis tipis, dan kromatografi cair kinerja tinggi ABSTRACT Crude extracts of three mangrove species (leaf, fruit, bark and root), i.e. Ceriops tagal, Rhizophora apiculata, and Sonneratia alba collected from Sadai, South Bangka, Bangka Belitung was extracted  in methanol, ethyl acetate, n-hexane and tested for different range of biological activities including antimicrobial activity of shrimp Vibrio harveyi pathogen and brine shrimp cytotoxic. The overall bioactivity profile showed that, leaf and bark of S. alba methanolic (24±3,78 mm and 23±3,78 mm) exhibited more biopotency. Result by using Brine Shrimp Lethality Test showed that leaf of S. alba methanolic was toxic and bark of S. alba methanolic was not toxic to Artemia. The highly active mangrove was evaluated further to analyze the chemical compounds using column chromatography, thin layer chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography with detector photodiode array (PDA). The identification with column chromatography using chloroform: methanol (9:1 to 1:9) gave the best separation, identification results using thin layer chromatography using chloroform: methanol (9:1 to 1:9) gave the best separation and chromatographic identification results high performance liquid at a wavelength of 200-400 nm showed mangrove extracts might have functional role in bioactivity and can be used for the development of antibacterial and biopharmaceuticals.   Keywords: Mangrove extract, antibacterial activity, brine shrimp cytotoxicity, column    chromatography, TLC, and HPLC
Identifikasi dan Sebaran Intrusi Air Laut terhadap Airtanah Dangkal di Kota Kendari Sulawesi Tenggara Kete, Surya Cipta Ramadhan; Suprihatin, Suprihatin; Tarigan, Suria Darma; Effendi, Hefni
Jurnal Teknologi Lingkungan Vol. 21 No. 2 (2020)
Publisher : Center for Environmental Technology - Agency for Assessment and Application of Technology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (601.558 KB) | DOI: 10.29122/jtl.v21i2.3808

Abstract

ABSTRACTThe availability of clean water is one of the main problems for the people in Kendari City. Overutilization of groundwater can cause seawater intrusion to groundwater. This study aims to identify and map seawater intrusion distribution to shallow groundwater based on water quality data. Sampling was obtained from 100 dug wells of the inhabitant (n=100) in March-July 2019 with a variation of the distance from the beach 0.04-5.52 km and the elevation of Groundwater (MAT) between 0.43-30.01 MASL. The distribution of shallow groundwater is mapped on the criteria to the value of Electrical Conductivity (DHL) at the standard temperature of 25 °C. The analysis showed that the average groundwater temperature was 29.28 °C, DHL was 393.52 µmhos, Total Dissolved Solid (TDS) was 196.98 ppm, and pH was 6.31. Shallow groundwater, which has been varied intruded with high intruded (26.26%), rather high intruded (14.14%), medium intruded (32.32%), low intruded (6.06%) and not intruded (21.21%). The correlation between distance from the coast to the value of DHL was not significantly correlated (R2 = -0.49), while groundwater level elevation has a significant correlation (R2 = 0.71). The geological factors of alluvial deposits, which generally have low permeability and slope to flat topography, cause seawater intrusion to shallow groundwater.Keywords: sea water intrusion, shallow groundwater, Kendari City ABSTRAKKetersediaan air bersih merupakan salah satu masalah utama bagi masyarakat kota Kendari. Sumber air bersih masyarakat diperoleh dari airtanah. Pemanfaatan airtanah yang berlebihan dapat menyebabkan terjadinya intrusi air laut terhadap airtanah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan memetakan sebaran intrusi air laut terhadap airtanah dangkal berdasarkan data kualitas air. Pengambilan sampel diperoleh dari sumur gali penduduk sebanyak 100 sampel (n=100) pada periode Maret-Juli 2019 dengan variasi jarak dari pantai 0,04-5,52 km dan elevasi muka airtanah (MAT) antara 0,43-30,01 mdpl. Hasil analisis menunjukan bahwa rerata suhu airtanah sebesar 29,28 °C, DHL sebesar 393,52 µmhos, Total Dissolved Solid (TDS) sebesar 196,98 ppm dan pH sebesar 6,31. Airtanah dangkal secara umum telah terintrusi dengan variasi meliputi terintruksi tinggi (26,26%), terintrusi agak tinggi (14,14%), terintrusi sedang (32,32%), terintrusi sedikit (6,06%) dan tidak terintrusi (21,21%). Korelasi antara jarak dari pantai terhadap nilai DHL tidak signifikan (R2 = -0,49), sedangkan MAT memiliki korelasi signifikan (R2= 0,71). Faktor geologi berupa endapan alluvial yang memiliki permeabilitas umumnya rendah dan berada pada topografi landai hingga datar menyebabkan terjadinya intrusi air laut terhadap airtanah dangkal.Kata Kunci: intrusi air laut, airtanah dangkal, Kota Kendari
Penggunaan Makrozoobentos Sebagai Indikator Status Perairan Hulu Sungai Cisadane, Bogor Dyah Muji Rahayu; Gunawan Pratama Yoga; Hefni Effendi; Yusli Wardiatno
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia Vol. 20 No. 1 (2015): Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia
Publisher : Institut Pertanian Bogor

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Abstract

Anthropogenic pollution (organic matter and Hg) around Cisadane River upstream can affect the abundances of macrozoobenthos. The aim of this research was to identify the abundances of macrozoobenthos and feeding groups, and also to identify the status of waters based on macrozoobenthos community. The research was conducted on January to March in four locations in the upstream of Cisadane River, covering Cikuluwung (ST 1), Cisarua (ST 2), Curug Bitung (ST 3), and Lukut (ST 4). Samples were collected with kick net and Eckman Grab. The dominance macrozoobenthos are Bungona (171 ind/m2), Simulium (101 ind/m2), Cheumatopsyche (50 ind/m2), and Polypedilum (28 ind/m2). Based on feeding groups, the dominance are filtering collector and gatherer collector. Based on the Pollution Index and Heavy Metal Pollution Index (Hg) on sediment, the upstream of Cisadane River is low polluted whereas EPT Index and Signal showed that upstream of Cisadane River is moderate polluted.
Distribusi Horizontal Klorofil-a Fitoplankton Sebagai Indikator Tingkat Kesuburan Perairan di Teluk Meulaboh Aceh Barat Neneng Marlian; Ario Damar; Hefni Effendi
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia Vol. 20 No. 3 (2015): Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia
Publisher : Institut Pertanian Bogor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1796.344 KB) | DOI: 10.18343/jipi.20.3.272

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The research on horizontal distribution clorophyll-a fitoplankton as indicator the tropic state in waters of Meulaboh Bay conducted on Mei-July 2014 in Meulaboh Bay. Sampling was done using the method of purposive sampling at 10 sites, which consist of river, mouth river, bay waters, and middle of bay to outer of bay. The purpose of this research is to analyse horizontal distribution of clorophyll-a fitoplankton as the tropic state indicator in the waters and to analyse relationship between clorphyll-a fitoplankton with nutrients availability N and P. The result showed that the horizontal distribution pattern of clorophyll-a fitoplankton dominated by the waters near to teresterial land, likes river, mouth river, and edge of bay, afterward its gradually slightly decrease in the middle of bay and lower in outer of bay. High or low of clorophyll-a was due to the influence of nutirent load N and P in the waters of Meulaboh Bay. The tropic states based on abundance clorophyll-a fitoplankton was categorised in the mesotrofic condition.
Dinamika Sebaran Bakteri Heterotrofik di Teluk Jakarta Flandrianto Sih Palimirmo; Ario Damar; Hefni Effendi
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia Vol. 21 No. 1 (2016): Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia
Publisher : Institut Pertanian Bogor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (727.512 KB) | DOI: 10.18343/jipi.21.1.26

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Jakarta Bay is one of the aquatic ecosystems with the highest level of organic pollution in the world. Ecological condition of Jakarta Bay’s water will affect the ecosystem, including the distribution of heterotrophic bacteria. This study aims to determine the dynamics of the distribution of heterotrophic bacteria in the Jakarta Bay. Sampling was done by 4 repetitions during the year of 2013. Primary and secondary data was used in this research. The results showed an abundance of heterotrophic bacteria fluctuate and are relatively high in the area close to the mouth of the river and decreasing abundance in the ocean. The highest abundance obtained at Station 10 with 3,5 × 106 CFU/ml density and the lowest abundance obtained at Station 1 with 1,8 × 105 CFU/ml density. The highest density obtained in October with an average of 1,3 × 106 CFU/ml and the lowest density obtained in July with the average of 3,5 x 105 CFU/ml. Abundance of heterotrophic bacteria have a close relationship with chlorophyll-a
Struktur Komunitas, Cadangan Karbon, dan Estimasi Nilai Ekonomi Mangrove di Muara Sungai Musi Harum Farahisah; Fredinan Yulianda; Hefni effendi
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia Vol. 26 No. 2 (2021): Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia
Publisher : Institut Pertanian Bogor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18343/jipi.26.2.228

Abstract

Mangrove ecosystem services, aside for the fisheries sector, also have ecosystem services in mitigating climate change as carbon sinks and storage. Musi river estuary located in Banyuasin Regency, South Sumatra has the potential of mangrove forests as carbon reserves. The purpose of the study is to analyze the community structure, potential carbon stocks, and economic value of mangroves in the Musi River Estuary. Data were collected at five stations using the 100 m quadratic transect method vertically to the coastline. Data analysis was conducted based on the allometric equation for biomass information, carbon storage, and the economic value of carbon stores. Mangrove ecosystems in the Musi River estuary are Sonneratia alba, Nypa fruticans, Sonneratia casiolaris, and Rhizopora apiculata. Mangrove species that have important roles in the sustainability of ecosystems are Nypa fruticans and Sonneratia alba each with IVI of 145.6 and 101.28, respectively. Carbon storage of mangrove in the Musi river estuary is 107.34 tonC / ha and carbon dioxide absorption is 393.59 tCO2 / ha with a mangrove area of ± 5276 ha. The total estimated economic value of carbon generated from mangrove are Rp174.441.016.895 (free market) and Rp455.872.524.151 (CDM). Keywords: carbon, mangrove, Musi river estuary
EKSPLORASI KARANG LUNAK SEBAGAI ANTIOKSIDAN DI PULAU PONGOK, BANGKA SELATAN Rezi Apri; Neviaty P. Zamani; Hefni Effendi
Jurnal Teknologi Perikanan dan Kelautan Vol 4 No 2 (2013): NOVEMBER 2013
Publisher : Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (470.433 KB) | DOI: 10.24319/jtpk.4.211-217

Abstract

Karang lunak adalah bagian dari ekosistem terumbu karang yang dapat menghasilkan senyawa metabolik sekunder, yang merupakan respon terhadap lingkungan untuk bertahan hidup. Metabolik sekunderini salah satunya adalah sebagai antioksidan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk melihat senyawa-senyawa yang terkandung dalam karang lunak Sinularia sp dan Lobophytum sp di perairan Pulau Pongok, Bangka Selatan sebagai anti Antioksidan pada kedalaman 3 meter dan 9 meter. Hasil penelitian analisis fitokimia menunjukkan bahwa karang lunak Sinularia sp dan Lobophytum sp mengandung senyawa Alkaloid, Flavonoid, Phenol Hidroquinon, Steroid, Triterpenoid, Tanin, dan Saponin.
Co-Authors - - mardiyana - - nurjanah . Chaidir A. Zaenal Mustopa A. Zaenal Mustopa Adi Sulaksono Aditya Herry Emawan Agustina Sinuhaji Ahmad Jamhari Rahmawan Ali Mashar Aloysius Adimas Kristianiarso Andrian Rizaldy Azhar Audra Ligafinza Audra Nur Ayub Sugara B Sartono Bagus Amalrullah Utomo Bagus Amalrullah Utomo Bq Tri Khairani Ilhami Bq Tri Khairina Ilhami Budi Kurniawan Budi Nurtama Budi Nurtama Chaidir Chaidir Charles Parningotan Haratua Simanjuntak Cut Meurah Nurul 'Akla Damar, Ario Dea Fauzia Lestari Dedi Soedarma Dedi Soedarma DEDI SOEDHARMA Dedi Soedharma Dedi Soedharma Dewanti Pratiwi Dietriech G. Bengen Dietriech Geoffrey Bengen Dino Rimantho Dita Ariyanti Ditta Ayu Anggraini Dwi Suci Indah Permata Sari Dyah Iswantini Dyah Muji Rahayu Enan M Adiwilaga Eriyatno . Erlangga Erliza Noor Erniati Etty Riani Eva Cristine Ronauli F Farlina Fitri Ariani Flandrianto Sih Palimirmo Fredinan Yulianda Gatot Prayoga Gatot Prayoga Gatot Yulianto Gede Iwan Setiabudi Ghozali, Ali Aulia Giri Maruto Darmawangsa Gunawan Gunawan Gunawan Pratama Yoga Hadi Supardi Hari Wijayanto Harum Farahisah Harum Farahisah Herman Yulianto I Wayan Nurjaya Imamshadiqin Iman Rusmana Imanullah Irza Arnita nur Kurniawan, Yehezkiel Steven Luisa Febrina Amalo Luluk Dwi Wulan Handayani Majariana Krisanti Marfian Dwidima Putra Maryono Maryono Maulid Wahid Yusuf Melanie Cornelia, Melanie Melki . Melki Melki Meutia Samira Ismet Muhammad Mukhlis Kamal MUJIZAT KAWAROE MUJIZAT KAWAROE Mujizat Kawaroe Mujizat Kawaroe Mujizat Kawaroe Mujizat Kawaroe Mukti Ali Mursalin Idris Mursalin Mursalin Mursalin Mursalin Nabil Zurba Neneng Marlian Neneng Sri Hendra Neviaty P Zamani Neviaty P. Zamani Neviaty P. Zamani NEVIATY PUTRI ZAMANI Niken TM Pratiwi Niken Tunjung Murti Pertiwi Niken Tunjung Murti Pratiwi Noveldesra Suhery Novera Nirmalasanti Novik Nurhidayat Ocky Karna Radjasa Ocky Karna Radjasa Prasetyo, Kunandar Purwantiningsih Sugita Purwanto, Yanuar Jarwadi Qadar Hasani Rachma Venita Rachmad Caesario Rahman Rahman Rahman Rahman Rahmat Pangestu Rais Sonaji Rebo Elfida Karo-Karo Refa Riskiana Rezi Apri Ririn Setyowati Rizal Syarief Rizal Syarief Rizki Novia Rahmi Romi Seroja Rozirwan . safrina dyah hardiningtyas Saiful Adhar Sigid Hariyadi Sigit Winarno Siti Rosa Oktavia Sulistiono Suprihatin Suprihatin Suprihatin Suprihatin Suprihatin Suprihatin Suprihatin Suprihatin Suria Darma Tarigan Surya Cipta Ramadhan Kete Taryono Taryono TATI NURHAYATI Tri Permadi Warsiki, Endang Widiatmaka . Widyatmoko Widyatmoko Wiwin Ambarwulan Wiwin Ambarwulan Yonvitner - Yudhi Amrial Yudho Andika Yudho Andika Yudi Setiawan Yunandar Yunandar Yuni Yolanda Yusli Wardiatno Zidni Ilma Palupi