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All Journal Teosofi: Jurnal Tasawuf dan Pemikiran Islam Rubikon: Journal of Transnational American Studies Lexicon Journal of Language and Literature Aqlam: Journal of Islam and Plurality Proceedings of The International Conference on Social and Islamic Studies Bakti Budaya: Jurnal Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat CrossOver Journal of Adaptation Studies

Achmad Munjid

Fakultas Ilmu Budaya, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Author-ID : 2962728

Religion Arts Humanities Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Mathematics Social Sciences

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APARTHEID AND COLLECTIVE TRAUMA PERFORMATIVITY IN “AMNESTY” BY NADINE GORDIMER Wahyu Gandi G; Achmad Munjid
International Conference on Social and Islamic Studies Proceedings of the International Conference on Social and Islamic Studies (SIS) 2021
Publisher : International Conference on Social and Islamic Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

This study aims to reveal the impact and response to the apartheid system in shaping the collective trauma of African society through symbolic representations of suffering and social performativity through political action in “Amnesty” short story’s Nadine Gordimer. This study used the cultural trauma theory by Jeffrey Alexander with descriptive qualitative method. The results of this research show that social suffering is symbolically represented with a humanist and theocentric images. Even so, the two seemingly different treatments are essentially the same suffering, disguised by social and cultural symbols. Then, as a response to this suffering, there was social performativy through the political actions of social agents carried out by the Labor Union. These actions occur after going through of socio-cultural processes such as gathering, organizing, rioting, speeches, demonstrations, and accommodating or representing pain as well as distributing social awareness to arrive at the point where the apartheid system is the cause of all forms of suffering they experience.

The Voice of the Ulema and Dilemma of the Indonesian Ulema Council’s Fatwa among Low Literate Society Fariz Alnizar; Achmad Munjid
Teosofi: Jurnal Tasawuf dan Pemikiran Islam Vol. 10 No. 1 (2020): June
Publisher : Department of Aqidah and Islamic Philosophy, Faculty of Ushuluddin and Philosophy, Sunan Ampel State Islamic University Surabaya

Some Islamic movements in Indonesia, which make the fatwas issued by the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI) a reference for their actions, recently found their momentum after the defense movements called 411 and 212. The proponents of these movements are called Gerakan Nasional Pengawal Fatwa Majelis Ulama Indonesia (GNPF-MUI), which means The National Movement of the Guardians of the Indonesian Ulema Council’s Fatwa. By the employment of a qualitative approach coupled with a historical-causal paradigm, this article examines the main question, which asks if the proponents of these movements substantially understand the fatwas they defend. The results of the research showed that the fatwas held a dilemmatic position. While some movements have insisted on making them a “sacred opinion” that must be protected and guarded, people do not substantially comprehend the fatwas they defend. This problem is caused by the cultural basis of the Indonesian society, which put more preference on orality than literality or, explicitly, written tradition.

POST-9/11 TRAUMATIC PARANOIA AS REFLECTED IN DON DELILLO’S FALLING MAN Siti Kurniati Rasad; Achmad Munjid
Rubikon : Journal of Transnational American Studies Vol 6, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

This article investigates how the trauma of 9/11 tragedy affects the lives of the characters in DeLillo’s Falling Man and shows how the trauma of 9/11 portrayed in the novel reflects American collective trauma. This investigation is qualitative research utilizing memory and trauma as the theoretical framework. The discussion in this article reveals that individual experience the trauma of 9/11 tragedy differs from one person to another. While other characters go through their mourning successfully, the main character in the novel becomes a perennial mourner and is ceaselessly haunted by his traumatic memory due to constant avoidance from his trauma. His continuous externalization of his trauma causes him to focus on the external threats and becomes a paranoiac. On a societal level, American society is also perpetually mourning and is haunted by post-traumatic paranoia continuously. American exceptionalism, biased orientalist perspective about the orient, and alleged prolonged quasi war between Islam and the west have framed the collective experience of the trauma in binary opposite narrative of a good versus evil war. The collective trauma perpetuates and many policies are born out of their paranoia.Keywords: 9/11 tragedy; memory; mourning; post-traumatic paranoia; trauma

PREVAILING AMERICAN DEMOCRACY WITHIN AFRICAN-AMERICAN LITERATURE OF AMANDA GORMAN’S THE HILL WE CLIMB: STUART HALL’S AUDIENCE RECEPTION ANALYSIS Alifiadita Nindyarini Wirawan; Achmad Munjid
Rubikon : Journal of Transnational American Studies Vol 9, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

The appealing part of a literary work is to enable the audience to feel emotionally connected with a literary work, leading them to produce diverse interpretations. In this respect, the occurrence of Amanda Gorman’s poem of The Hill We Climb is capable of attracting American citizens’ attention to deliver their perception of the work. The intensity of American society’s reactions can be seen in how the audience expresses their responses on YouTube. Therefore, the writer decided to analyze the phenomenon further by applying Stuart Hall’s reception theory aimed to prevail on how American society perceives the poem. Finally, the result of the analysis shows that the majority of Americans perceived the work as encouragement in refining the principles of American democracy, which were categorized as dominant readings. On the other hand, several audiences who interpreted the poem as a form of hope are included as negotiated readings that deliver different opinions but align with the poet’s perception. The last is oppositional readings that interpret the poem as a redundant work, shown by the audience’s incapability to comprehend the poem comprehensively. Briefly, the variety of the audience’s interpretations is because of diverse perceptions possessed by the audience in perceiving the message of democracy within the poem, which is influenced by their backgrounds.

The Clash of Culture in Neil Gaiman's American Gods Naya Fauzia Dzikrina; Achmad Munjid
Lexicon Vol 5, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/lexicon.v5i2.41674

This research aims to examine the portrayal of cultural clash in Neil Gaiman’s novel, American Gods. More specifically, this research aims to identify what cultures are clashing and why they clash, and also to understand how the situation of cultural clash affects the lives and attitudes of the characters. This research also explores how the novel relates to cases of cultural clash happening in the current American society. This research is conducted using the framework of several sociological theories to understand the different forms of effects of cultural clash. The main issue presented in the novel is the conflict between the old gods, who represent society’s traditional beliefs, and the new gods, who represent the shift of culture in modern America. This conflict symbolizes how the two ideals, tradition and modernity, are competing in the American society today. The challenges the old gods face can also be seen as a portrayal of the immigrant experience, where they experience effects of cultural clash also commonly experienced by immigrants: cultural displacement, identity crisis, and conflict. The main finding of this research is that a person or group who experiences cultural clash will face a struggle where they must compromise or negotiate their cultural identity in order to be part of their current community. This is done as a way to survive and thrive in their environment.

Death and Woman: Comparing the Meaning of the Deaths of the Female Main Characters in the Works of Toni Morrison and Alice Munro Achmad Munjid
Lexicon Vol 6, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/lexicon.v6i1.50315

This paper seeks to explore the meaning of death in two important works by two female Noble Prize winning authors, Toni Morrison and Alice Munro. Hagin’s (2010) theory of role of death in storyline is used to analyze the works. The three deaths found in the story: initial death, intermediary death and story-terminating death all have significant meaningful relation to the past and the future. They have epistemological value of revealing and/or exposing the truth from the past. Death is used as technical instrument to reveal the truth, to transform ignorance into knowledge, dishonesty into accountability, to purify the past from falsehood and lies. Death also inserts its demand in the story by removing obstacle or giving opportunity for the living to set up new goal. The demand of the dead is possible since the deceased is “remembered” by the “cult” who may follow or manipulate their legacy. The two authors articulate “feminist voice” through the struggle of the main female characters. Toni Morrison articulates the dehumanizing consequence of racism, whereas Alice Munro voices her concern on the contradictory nature of orderly neat appearance of the modern people versus scandalous dark secret beneath the surface.Keywords: dehumanization, feminist voice, initial death, intermediary death, story-terminating death, racism.

Elite Domination and Lower Class Resistance in Ernest Cline’s Ready Player One Dika Shafira Hidayat; Achmad Munjid
Lexicon Vol 7, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/lexicon.v7i1.64589

This research examines Ernest Cline’s Ready Player One (2011), a popular science fiction novel. The objective of this research is to find out how a massive company called IOI (Innovative Online Industries) runs its domination against people in the novel. Furthermore, this paper also studies how the people resist the company’s domination. This study uses Marxist Theory since it investigates class, class conflict and struggle, domination, and resistance. The elements of the theory are identified in the novel and therefore analyzed to reach the objectives. The results of the analysis show that conflict is the reason of class grouping. In Ready Player One, the capitalist wants to expand its domination by winning the easter egg hunt while the proletariat resists it. It is concluded that class struggle and conflicts brings the proletariat to work together to resist the capitalist’s domination.

The Significance of the Hero’s Journey in Siddhartha’s Character Development as Seen in Herman Hesse’s Siddhartha Adelia Damayanti; Achmad Munjid
Lexicon Vol 7, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/lexicon.v7i2.66573

This paper discusses the character development of Siddhartha, the main character in Herman Hesse’s novel, Siddhartha (1973). This research aims to study how Siddhartha’s character develops during his journey to reach enlightenment. The analysis is conducted by using the theory of the hero's journey by Joseph Campbell. The result shows that Siddhartha’s journey follows twelve out of seventeen stages of the hero’s journey proposed by Campbell. All of the stages appear in the same order except the stage Belly of The Whale that comes late. It functions as a turning point rather than a preparation for a greater ordeal. The analysis also shows that Siddhartha undergoes two major changes; from an individualistic to a wise person and from someone who is always persistent and thirsty for knowledge to someone who is flexible.

Questioning Popular Culture: Future Technology In Ready Player One Muhammad Iman Rafif; Achmad Munjid
Lexicon Vol 8, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/lexicon.v8i2.74316

This study investigates the impact of future technology products, as one of the parts of popular culture, on society in the science fiction novel Ready Player One by Ernest Cline (2011) and on our current society. The primary data of this study were taken from the novel. The results reveal that the effects of popular culture, specifically the products of technology, on modern society are enormous compared to the society in the novel. The similarities and differences between the technological aspects portrayed in the story compared to the current modern world are revealed to know what really happens and going to happen in the future.

ABDURRAHMAN WAHID’S CONTRIBUTION FOR INTER-RELIGIOUS DIALOGUE IN INDONESIA Achmad Munjid
Aqlam: Journal of Islam and Plurality Vol 5, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : IAIN Manado

Abstract: By understanding the historical development of inter-religious dialogue in Indonesia and its global setting since 1970s from rhetoric strategy to meaningful encounter, this paper seeks to situate important contribution of Abdurrahman Wahid’s legacy besides those of other key figures in the field. The paper will critically analyze how and why Abdurrahman’s ideas and works in inter-religious dialogue are intertwined with his family and personal biography, socio-political context of the New Order and after and his traditionalist Muslim background. In particular, Abdurrahman’s reinterpretation of Islamic texts, doctrine and tradition will be discussed in the light of his vision for Indonesian democracy. His notion of religious pluralism, tolerance, peaceful co-existence, mutual understanding, and indigenization of Islam will be explained as intellectual and political enterprises by which he navigates and challenges all forms of injustices especially created by the New Order’s politics of fear, exploitation of anti-Communist sentiment, ethnicity, religion, race and inter-social groups (SARA) and developmentalist ideology under Suharto’s presidency. His engagement in inter-religious dialogue will be read against the developing context of the New Order’s post-1965 politics of religion to the 1990s re-Islamization, the persistent growth of Islamic sectarianism, exclusivism, and identity politics that eventually results in interreligious tension and mutual suspicion, especially between Muslims and Christians. The paper seeks to understand how and why Abdurrahman Wahid as a prominent leader of Muslims as majority group explores inter-religious dialogue as a means by which religious communities are supposed to contribute and work together in overcoming common problems faced by the society. His commitment for and advocacy of the local culture, tradition, minority rights, and Islamic inclusivism will be understood as his struggle as statesman, religious leader, public intellectual and social activist for the creation of equality and justice for all citizens and human dignity in accordance with Islamic teaching and principles of democracy.Keywords: Inter-religious Dialogue, Religious Pluralism, Indigenization of Islam, Islamic Sectarianism, Identity Politics, Democracy. Abstrak: Dengan memahami perkembangan historis dialog antar-agama di Indonesia serta latar globalnya sejak 1970-an dari strategi retoris menjadi perjumpaan yang bermakna, paper ini akan menempatkan sumbangan warisan Abdurrahman Wahid bersama para tokoh kunci lainnya dalam bidang ini. Secara kritis paper ini akan menganalisis bagaimana dan kenapa gagasan serta karya Abdurrahman Wahid dalam dialog agama terjalin erat dengan biografi pribadi dan keluarganya, konteks sosial-politik Orde Baru dan sesudahnya serta latar belakang Islam tradisional yang menjadi basisnya. Secara khusus, penafsiran ulang Abdurrahman Wahid terhadap teks, doktrin, dan tradisi akan didiskusikan dalam kaitannya dengan visinya tentang demokrasi Indonesia. Pengertiannya tentang pluralism agama, toleransi, hidup berdampingan secara damai, saling memahami, dan pribumisasi Islam akan dijelaskan sebagai ihtiar intelektual dan politisnya yang dengan itu ia melakukan navigasi dan menggugat segala macam bentuk ketidakadilan khususnya yang muncul sebagai akibat dari politik ketakutan Orde Baru, eksploitas terhadap sentiment anti-Komunis, SARA dan ideologi pembangunan selama masa Suharto. Keterlibatannya dalam dialog antar-agama akan dibaca dalam kaitannya dengan perkembangan konteks politik agama pasca-1965 yang dilakukan Orde Baru hingga re-Islamisasi 1990an dan kian mengerasnya Islamisme, ekslusivisme serta politik identitas yang akhirnya mengakibatkan ketegangan hubungan antar-agama dan saling curiga, khususnya antara Muslim dan Kristen. Paper ini berusaha untuk memahami bagaimana dan mengapa Abdurrahman Wahid sebagai pemimpin terkemuka Islam sebagai kelompok mayoritas mengeksplorasi dialog antar-agama sebagai sarana bagi komunitas agama untuk berkontribusi dan bekerjasama satu sama lain dalam mengatasi problem bersama yang dihadapi masyarakat. Komitmen serta pembelaannya terhadap budaya lokal, tradisi, hak-hak minoritas dan inklusivisme Islam akan dipahami sebagai bagian dari perjuangannya sebagai seorang negarawan, pemimpin agama dan intelektual publik serta aktivis sosial dalam upaya untuk mewujudkan kesetaraan dan keadilan bagi setiap warga negara serta martabat bagi semua manusia sesuai dengan ajaran Islam dan prinsip-prinsip demokrasi.Kata kunci: Dialog Antar-agama, Pluralism Agama, Pribumisasi Islam, Sektarianisme Islam, Politik Identitas, Demokrasi.

Co-Authors Adelia Damayanti Adhitya, Galant Nanta Alifiadita Nindyarini Wirawan Amin Basuki Amin Basuki Aris Munandar Danika Rahma Irianti Dika Shafira Hidayat Fariz Alnizar Ferry Hidayat Krisna Sujiwa Lydian Florina Tasin Marinda P.D. Ghaisani Muhammad Iman Rafif Naya Fauzia Dzikrina Pandu Wiguna Restu Raisa Hani Tamara Siti Kurniati Rasad Wahyu Gandi G Winda Eka Pahla Ayuningtyas Yunisda Dwi Saputri

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