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PENYULUHAN DAN PELATIHAN PEMANFAATAN SAMPAH ANORGANIK DAN ORGANIK MENJADI ECOBRICK DAN PUPUK CAIR ORGANIK Amelia, Shinta; Rahayu, Aster; Salamah, Siti
Jurnal Pemberdayaan: Publikasi Hasil Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Vol 3, No 3 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan, Yogyakarta

Perkembangan populasi masyarakat Indonesia sedemikian pesat sehingga menimbulkan berbagai dampak baik positif maupun negative. Salah satu dampak negative yang ditimbulkan akibat pertumbuhan penduduk adalah sampah. Setiap rumah tangga menghasilkan sampah yang tidak sedikit jumlahnya. Beban pengelolaan sampah saat ini tergantung pada Tempat Pembuangan Akhir (TPA) di masing-masing daerah. Sehingga hal ini menimbulkan dampak sosial dan lingkungan yang cukup serius. Masalah sampah tidak hanya terdapat di wilayah perkotaan namun telah sampai pada wilayah pedesaan. Masyarakat pedesaan biasanya membuang sampah langsung ke sungai atau membakarnya di kebun mereka. Pola kebiasaan tersebut dapat menimbulkan pencemaran udara maupun lingkungan perairan. Oleh karena itu, pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk mengedukasi masyarakat agar dapat memilah sampah menurut jenisnya sehingga tahap selanjutnya sampah tersebut lebih mudah untuk diolah menjadi barang yang bernilai jual. Berdasarkan jenisnya sampah dibagi menjadi 2, yaitu sampah anorganik dan sampah organik. Sampah anorganik yang dihasilkan dalam rumah tangga antara lain, botol, plastik kemasan makanan maupun minuman. Sedangkan sampah organik yang dihasilkan rumah tangga seperti, sisa sayur, sisa buah maupun sisa makanan. Dalam pengabdian ini masyarakat diberikan penyuluhan dan pelatihan mengenai cara memilah dan mengolah sampah anorganik maupun organik. Sampah anorganik dioleh menjadi ecobrick sedangkan sampah organik diolah menjadi pupuk cair. Hasil pengabdian ini adalah dapat menambah wawasan dan merubah pola penanganan sampah di masyarakat agar lebih peduli terhadap kelestarian lingkungan. Selain itu teknologi sederhana dan ramah lingkungan sehingga masyarakat dapat mengaplikasikan langsung untuk mengolah sampah rumah tangganya secara mandiri.

The Capability of Mangrove Charcoal in Adsorption Process of Indigosol Substance in Wastewater of Batik Industry Maryudi, Maryudi; Salamah, Siti; Rahayu, Aster
Jurnal Bahan Alam Terbarukan Vol 10, No 2 (2021): December 2021 [Nationally Accredited - Sinta 2]
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jbat.v10i2.33351

The development of the textile industry has had a positive impact on economic growth in Indonesia. Batik is one of the products of the textile industry that is proliferating in Indonesia. Dyes are the main ingredients in the textile and batik industrial process. One of the dyes used is indigosol, and about 15% of the total dyes used will result in industrial liquid waste. The presence of these dyes can damage the water and soil ecosystems. Liquid sewage treatment is needed to minimize the amount of contamination against groundwater and surface water. A standard method used in the handling of liquid waste is by adsorption process with various adsorbents. Commonly used adsorbents are silica gel, activated alumina, zeolite, polymer, and activated carbon. Activated charcoal from mangroves becomes an alternative to natural adsorbents with a large surface area. The ability of activated charcoal as an adsorbent was the focus of this study, both by the activation process by Fe cations and the addition of hydrogen peroxide activators. Characterization using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer is performed to see changes in indigosol concentration during the adsorption process. Results have shown that charcoal with Fe and H2O2 give a better performance on adsorption of indigosol than pure charcoal. Removal of indigosol by charcoal + Fe and H2O2 can reach 51%.

Pembuatan Kolom Monolit Mixed-Mode untuk Pemisahan Fenol dalam Kromatografi Cair Sistem Kapiler Aster Rahayu; Joni Aldilla Fajri; Lee Wah Lim; Toyohide Takeuchi
CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 5, No 2 (2018): Desember 2018
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

A Mixed-Mode monolithic column prepared from Pentaeritrytol Tetraacrylate (PETRA) and Ethylene dimathacrylate (EDMA) was investigated and used in capillary liquid chromatography. The polymer composition was optimized by varying percentage ratio of monomer and porogens. Column A with rasio 35/65 (monomer/porogen) showed the optimum ratio. The polymerization of acrylic groups were conducted by in-situ preparation in capillary fused silica. Three phenol compounds were separated using this monolithic column using acetonitrile 100% as eluent. Monolith PETRA-EDMA also could work to separate polar and non-polar compound simultaneously by HILIC mode using acetonitrile 90% as eluent. The morphology surface of monolith was observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and mechanical stability in term of pressure drop was observed as well.

Effect of Time and Reaction Speed on Making Liquid Soap in Terms of Viscosity and Density Values Erna Astuti; Aster Rahayu; Endah Sulistiawati
CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 8, No 1 (2021): June 2021
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26555/chemica.v8i1.14722

Soap is a product from the hydrolysis of fats into fatty acids and glycerol under alkaline conditions, known as the saponification process. Many factors affect the saponification process to produce liquid soap with proper quality, including viscosity and density values. Saponification time and stirring speed are factors that affect the soap quality to be observed. Using strong bases and strong acids from electrolysis machines as well as coconut oil as a natural comperland are the innovations in this study. The results obtained are liquid soap in accordance with SNI 06-4085-1996, where the expected density ranges from (1.01-1.10 gr/cm3) and viscosity (400-20000 cP). Based on the current results, the most optimal results in accordance with SNI 06-4085-1996 are 24 hours for saponification time and stirring for 40 minutes, with a density of 1.083 gr/ml and viscosity of 482.0755 cP.

Coal Fly Ash Characterization from Cement Industry â€œXâ€ as an Initial Study in Its Utilization Farrah Fadhillah Hanum; Aster Rahayu; Ulung Muhammad Sutopo; Zahrul Mufrodi
CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 7, No 1 (2020): Juni 2020
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26555/chemica.v7i1.16715

The discharge of fly ash from the coal combustion process has become a matter of concern over the last few decades. Most of the fly ash will be disposed of in the landfill. This disposal gives a negative impact on the environment through the heavy metal contained in fly ash. Coal fly ash characterization is needed to be done to get proper information about coal fly ash before it could be utilized. In this research, coal fly ash characterization from one of cement industry in Indonesia has been done by a qualitative and quantitative method. This research carried out some instrumentation such as Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (XRF) and SEM â€“ Electron Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX) to analyze the coal fly ash sample. The result showed that the main component in this coal ash sample is SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, CaO, and MgO. This information will be used as an initial study in coal fly ashes utilization research in the next research.

Characterization of Organic Polymer Monolith Columns Containing Ammonium Quarternary As Initial Study For Capillary Chromatography Aster Rahayu; Siti Jamilatun; Joni Aldilla Fajri; Lee Wah Lim
Elkawnie: Journal of Islamic Science and Technology Vol 7, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/ekw.v7i1.8764

Abstract: The polymerization process with a simple step has become the centre of attention of several researchers. Various polymers have been developed, although in general, they use polymerization with a post-modification method. A quaternary ammonium monolith organic polymer has been prepared using a simple single thermal method in this research. 2-(Methacryloyloxy)-N,N,N-trimethylethanaminium chloride was as the monomer, and ethylene dimethacrylate was as crosslinker. The polymerization proceeded in fused-silica capillary (100 mm, 0.32 mm i.d. x 0.45 mm o.d.) using a one-pot approach method. To achieve the perfect macropores, isopropyl alcohol, PEG 400, and ethanol were used as porogen. Characterization of the surface morphology was carried out using a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), and the existence of an amine group was characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The distribution size of pores in the polymer was in the range of 1.29 to 3.33 µm.Abstrak: Polimerisasi dengan proses yang sederhana dan simpel menjadi pusat perhatian beberapa peneliti. Berbagai macam polimer telah dikembangkan, akan tetapi pada umumnya menggunakan polimerisasi dengan metode post-modification. Pada penelitian ini, polimer organik yang mengandung amonium kuartener dalam bentuk monolit dengan polimerisasi yang menggunakan suhu tunggal dan sederhana telah dilakukan. 2-(Methacryloyloxy)-N,N,N-trimethylethanaminium chloride digunakan sebagai monomer dan ethylene dimethacrylate sebagai crosslinker. Polimerisasi dilakukan dengan metode one-pot aaproach di dalam kapiler silika (100 mm, 0,32 mm i.d. x 0,45 mm o.d.). Untuk mendapatkan makropori yang sempurna, isopropil alkohol, PEG 400 dan etanol digunakan sebagai porogen. Karakterisasi morfologi permukaan dilakukan dengan menggunakan Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), dan Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) untuk mengidentifikasi gugus fungsi gugus amina yang terdapat pada polimer. Ukuran distribusi pori pada polimer berkisar antara 1,29 sampai 3,33 µm.

PENYULUHAN DAN PELATIHAN PEMANFAATAN SAMPAH ANORGANIK DAN ORGANIK MENJADI ECOBRICK DAN PUPUK CAIR ORGANIK Shinta Amelia; Aster Rahayu; Siti Salamah
Jurnal Pemberdayaan: Publikasi Hasil Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Vol. 3 No. 3 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan, Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/jp.v3i3.1132

Perkembangan populasi masyarakat Indonesia sedemikian pesat sehingga menimbulkan berbagai dampak baik positif maupun negative. Salah satu dampak negative yang ditimbulkan akibat pertumbuhan penduduk adalah sampah. Setiap rumah tangga menghasilkan sampah yang tidak sedikit jumlahnya. Beban pengelolaan sampah saat ini tergantung pada Tempat Pembuangan Akhir (TPA) di masing-masing daerah. Sehingga hal ini menimbulkan dampak sosial dan lingkungan yang cukup serius. Masalah sampah tidak hanya terdapat di wilayah perkotaan namun telah sampai pada wilayah pedesaan. Masyarakat pedesaan biasanya membuang sampah langsung ke sungai atau membakarnya di kebun mereka. Pola kebiasaan tersebut dapat menimbulkan pencemaran udara maupun lingkungan perairan. Oleh karena itu, pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk mengedukasi masyarakat agar dapat memilah sampah menurut jenisnya sehingga tahap selanjutnya sampah tersebut lebih mudah untuk diolah menjadi barang yang bernilai jual. Berdasarkan jenisnya sampah dibagi menjadi 2, yaitu sampah anorganik dan sampah organik. Sampah anorganik yang dihasilkan dalam rumah tangga antara lain, botol, plastik kemasan makanan maupun minuman. Sedangkan sampah organik yang dihasilkan rumah tangga seperti, sisa sayur, sisa buah maupun sisa makanan. Dalam pengabdian ini masyarakat diberikan penyuluhan dan pelatihan mengenai cara memilah dan mengolah sampah anorganik maupun organik. Sampah anorganik dioleh menjadi ecobrick sedangkan sampah organik diolah menjadi pupuk cair. Hasil pengabdian ini adalah dapat menambah wawasan dan merubah pola penanganan sampah di masyarakat agar lebih peduli terhadap kelestarian lingkungan. Selain itu teknologi sederhana dan ramah lingkungan sehingga masyarakat dapat mengaplikasikan langsung untuk mengolah sampah rumah tangganya secara mandiri. Â Â Â

The Effect of Variations of Stearin Mass and Used Cooking Oil From Purification with Activated Carbon on the Quality of The Candle Siti Jamilatun; Ikko Nirwana Luthfiani; Dita Permata Putri; Joko Pitoyo; Aster Rahayu
Agroindustrial Technology Journal Vol 6, No 1 (2022): Agroindustrial Technology Journal
Publisher : Universitas Darussalam Gontor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21111/atj.v6i1.7234

Cooking oil is vegetable oil that has been purified and can be used as foodstuff. Consumtion of cooking oil is used as a medium for frying foodstuff, to add flavor and to form texture in bread making. Cooking oil that has been used repeatedly or commonly known as used cooking oil has a very bad impact on our body and will pollute the environment if it is not managed properly. Candles are made of paraffin, melt easily when heated, and can be used as a light source. For making candle, a chemical is added, namely stearin. The function of this stearin is to give shape fot candles because stearin will solidify once it cools. The presence of palmitic acid and stearic acid contained in stearin causes stearin to be in a solid state at room temperature. The study was conducted using 400 ml of used cooking oil which was then clarified with variations in the mass of activated carbon as much as 40, 80, and 120 grams. The clarified oil will then be analyzed for its absorbance value using a spectrophotometer uv-vis, then it will become a wax with the addition of variations in the mass of stearin as much as 50, 75, and 100 grams. The resulting candle will be tested which includes hardness, organoleptic test, flame test, and flame resistance of the candle.

The Comparison Effects of NaOH and KOH as Solvents for Silica Extraction from Two Different Coal Fly Ashes Farrah Fadhillah Hanum; Aster Rahayu; Iqbal Hapsauqi
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Research Vol 10 No 1 (2022): Edition for May 2022
Publisher : Jurusan Kimia, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/ijcr.2022.10-far

One of the environmental problems is the waste from the coal combustion process from coal power plants or other industries that use coal as an energy source. The combustion process produces coal fly ash, which will accumulate in the environment. Subsequently, much research about the utilization of coal fly ash has been developed. Silica extraction from coal fly ash is one of the methods that can be used to utilize coal fly ash. This study carried out silica extraction using the Direct Alkaline Leaching (DAL) method. The coal ash was contacted with alkaline solvents (KOH and NaOH) with the variations of concentrations and the leaching time. The leaching solution filtrate will be precipitated with the addition of HCl. The characteristics of this silica from CFA and CFA B were analyzed by using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Based on the results, it could be known that each of the coal fly ashes has different results for both alkaline solvents. CFA A has relatively less silica extraction results in both types of solvents. Meanwhile, CFA B gave higher silica extraction results with coal fly ash and solvent contact time for one hour.

The Multi Soil layering Method for Wastewater Treatment: Review Aster Rahayu; Irwan Mulyadi; Joni Aldilla Fajri; Siti Jamilatun Jamilatun; Nuraini Nuraini; Nurul Wulandari; Yuni Marlena; Devi Yogi Noviana Ningsih; Lee Wah Lim
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Research Vol 10 No 2 (2022): Edition for September 2022
Publisher : Jurusan Kimia, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598//ijcr.2022.10-ast

Liquid waste is the main source of contamination of water bodies, especially river water. This pollution causes decreased water quality in water bodies. One of the wastewater treatment treatments is the Multi Soil Layering (MSL) method. Some of the advantages of using the MSL method are that it is known to be cheap in terms of cost, easy to implement, does not require complicated maintenance so that it can be used continuously, and is also environmentally friendly. One of the constituent materials of the MSL reactor is andesol soil, gravel, and pearlite. MSL has two wastewater treatment zones, the aerobic zone, and the anaerobic zone. The article review aims to compare the efficiency of reducing the levels of pollutant parameters from aerobic and anaerobic processes in MSLmethod in wastewater.

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