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All Journal Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Kesmas: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Nasional Media Medika Muda Jurnal Epidemiologi Kesehatan Indonesia

Renti Mahkota

Department Of Epidemiology, Faculty Of Public Health, Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia

Author-ID : 312357

Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Nursing Public Health

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Faktor Lingkungan Fisik Rumah, Respon Biologis dan Kejadian TBC Paru di Indonesia A.H. Mahpudin; Renti Mahkota
Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Nasional Vol. 1 No. 4 Februari 2007
Publisher : Faculty of Public Health Universitas Indonesia

Sampai kini, Tuberkulosis (TBC) masih menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang penting di dunia. Menurut laporan WHO, di seluruh dunia setiap tahun ditemukan sekitar 8 juta kasus baru. Indonesia merupakan negara penyumbang kasus TBC terbesar ketiga setelah India dan Cina dengan perkiraan jumlah kasus pada 2003 adalah 627.047 penderita dan 281.946 kasus merupakan TBC paru BTA positif. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan kondisi lingkungan rumah, faktor sosial ekonomi dan faktor respon biologis terhadap kejadian TBC paru BTA positif pada penduduk dewasa di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder dari Survei Prevalensi TBC Nasional dan Survei Sosial Ekonomi Nasional (Susenas) tahun 2004 dengan rancangan studi kasus kontrol dengan rasio kasus dan kontrol 1:4. Populasi penelitian ini adalah penduduk berumur 15 tahun keatas. Sampel adalah responden Susenas 2004 sebanyak 380 orang yang terdiri dari 76 kasus dan 304 kontrol. Kasus adalah penduduk dewasa yang didiagnosis TBC berdasarkan hasil pemeriksaan sputum BTA positif. Kontrol adalah penduduk yang yang berasal dari kecamatan yang sama dengan kasus dengan hasil BTA negatif. Ditemukan bahwa faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian TBC Paru adalah sumber kontak serumah OR 3,46 (1,316;9,091) kondisi rumah yang berlantai tanah OR 2,2 (1,135;4,269) dan pendapatan perkapita OR 2,145 (1,249;3,683). Disarankan untuk melaksanakan program penemuan kasus secara aktif khusus untuk masyarakat berpenghasilan rendah, terutama untuk deteksi dini, pengobatan secara cepat dan tepat, melaksanakan program penemuan kasus secara aktif, dan program rumah sehat masyarakat miskin.Kata kunci : Lingkungan fisik rumah, sosial ekonomi, respon biologis, tuberkulosisAbstractGlobally, Tuberculosis (TB) is an important public health problem until today. Based on WHO report, about 8 millions of new TB cases are found every year. Indonesia is the third biggest contributor country of TB cases after India and China with estimated number of 627.047 infected and 282.946 with positive smear test (BTA) in 2003. The objective of this study is to understand the relationship between house environment condition, socio-economic factor, biological response and TB. This study used secondary source of data from National TB Prevalence Survey (SPTBC) and National Social and Economic Survey (Susenas) in 2004. The study design used is case control study, with ratio of case and control of 1:4. The study population is >15 years old age group. The number of sample is 380 persons, consisting of 76 cases and 304 controls. Cases are people with positive sputum test and controls are people with negative sputum test selected randomly. The study results show that factors associated with TB are the presence of contact source in one house with OR 3.46 (1.316-9.091), condition of the house with soil floor OR 2.2 (1.135-4.269) and private income OR 2.145 (1.249-3.683). According to those findings, it was recommended to the policy maker to conduct active case finding program for the low-income group of people, early detection, quick treatment, active case finding program, and healthy housing for the poor.Keywords: House physical environment, social and economic factor, biological response, tuberculosis

Faktor-faktor yang Mempengaruhi Kematian Pasien Penyakit Jantung Koroner di Pusat Jantung Nasional Harapan Kita Tahun 2004 Fatmah A. Gobel; Renti Mahkota
Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Nasional Vol. 1 No. 3 Desember 2006
Publisher : Faculty of Public Health Universitas Indonesia

Menurut estimasi WHO, sekitar 50% dari 12 juta penduduk dunia meninggal akibat penyakit jantung dan pembuluh darah. Faktor prognosis pasien PJK dapat diubah dan dikendalikan, dan memungkinkan untuk mencegah kematian akibat PJK. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui faktor prognosis yang berhubungan dengan terjadinya kematian pasien PJK di PJN Harapan Kita Tahun 2004, menggunakan data sekunder (data rekam medik pasien). Variabel-variabel yang diteliti meliputi variabel independen (jaminan pembayaran, asal daerah/kawasan, penyakit penyerta hipertensi, diabetes melitus, dislipidemia dan riwayat PJKsebelumnya) dan variabel kovariat (umur, jenis kelamin, pendidikan dan pekerjaan). Desain epidemiologi yang digunakan adalah analitik kasus kontrol dengan jumlah kasus 130, kontrol 260 (1 : 2). Kasus adalah pasien PJK yang meninggal dibuktikan dengan ringkasan pasien meninggal, kontrol adalah pasien yang keluar hidup. Data di analisis multivariat. Hasil penelitian, jaminan pembayaran dan asal daerah/kawasan berhubungan dengan terjadinya kematian pasien. Pasien dengan pembayaran pribadi dan yang berasal dari Jawa berisiko lebih tinggi untuk meninggal daripada pasien dengan jaminan pembayaran Askes dan yang berasal dari luar Jawa. Masyarakat disarankan menjadi peserta asuransi kesehatan atau jaminan pemeliharaan kesehatan lain. Penelitian lain perlu mempertimbangkan keganasan penyakit sehingga hubungan antara faktor prognosis dan kematian dapat lebih jelas untuk setiap tahap penyakit.Kata kunci: Prognosis, penyakit jantung koroner, logistik regresiAbstractAccording to WHO estimate, about 50% people died each year on the world caused by heart and arterial diseases. There are many prognostic factors of heart diseases that could be changed and controlled; therefore this disease is preventable regarding the mortality. This study aimed to understand prognostic fac-tors related to mortality among coronary heart disease. The source of data is secondary data patient medical record at Harapan Kita National Heart Centre in 2004. The independent variables were health insurance, place of origin, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dislipidemia, and previous history of CHD while covariate variables were age, gender, education, and occupation. The study design is case-control study with 130 cases and 260 controls (1:2). Cases weredeath CHD patients confirmed by death summary record, controls were survivor patients. Data were analyzed in multivariate ways. The study results shows that health insurance and place of origin were associated to patient’s mortality. Patients without insurance have higher risk to die then patients with Askes health insurance. Patients came from Java island have higher risk to die then those who came from outside Java. Public is recommended to be member ofhealth insurance. Other research need to be conducted by considering the severity of the diseases and therefore the relationship between prognostic factors and outcome could be clearer for each stage of disease.Keywords: Prognostic, coronary heart disease, logistic regression

Public Perception and Obedience with Social Distancing Policies during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Jakarta, Indonesia Widyamurti Widyamurti; Edwina Bernita Sitorus; Dewi Susanna; Bambang Wispriyono; Aria Kusuma; Renti Mahkota
Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Nasional Vol 17, No 1 (2022): Volume 17, Issue 1, February 2022
Publisher : Faculty of Public Health Universitas Indonesia

The Indonesian Government established a social distancing policy to prevent COVID-19 transmission. However, this implementation will be ineffective without the compliance of the people. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between public perception and obedience with social distancing in terms of the variables based on the Health Belief Model. This study used a cross-sectional design with a population of Daerah Khusus Ibukota (DKI) Jakarta’s indigenes within the productive age of 15-64 years. The sample comprised 408 participants, with the independent variables of sociodemographics (age, gender, occupation, and education) and health beliefs (perceived susceptibility, severity, benefits, barriers, and self-efficacy). Meanwhile, obedience to social distancing was the dependent variable. Data were obtained through an online questionnaire and evaluated with the bivariate and multivariate analysis using Chi-square and logistic regression tests. Gender (OR = 2.327; 95% CI = 1.404-3.857) and perceived self-efficacy (OR = 2.609; 95% CI = 1.726-3.945) were significantly related to social distancing obedience. Meanwhile, no statistical correlation (p-value>0.05) was found with sociodemographics, perceived susceptibility, severity, benefits, and barriers. The males with low self-efficacy were more likely to disobey the social distancing policies. The individual’s self-efficacy perception increased with their level of obedience to social distancing policies.

Exclusive Breastfeeding and Decrease of Upper respiratory Infection Incidence among Infants Aged 6-12 Months in Kampar District, Riau Province Musfardi Rustam; Renti Mahkota; Nasrin Kodim
Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Nasional Volume 13, Issue 3, February 2019
Publisher : Faculty of Public Health Universitas Indonesia

Upper Respiratory Infection (URI) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality of infants and toddlers in developing countries. The high infant morbidity and mortality rates in Indonesia are associated with the low exclusive breastfeeding ability. Breast milk is a natural drink for newborns in the first month of life that is beneficial not only for the babies, but also for mothers. The aim of study was to determine exclusive breastfeeding and decrease in incidence of URI among infants aged 6-12 months. This study was conducted by using case control design. Samples were taken by using cluster random sampling. Subject of study consisted of 162 cases and 162 control with infants aged 6-12 years. Cases were 162 infants aged 6-12 months suffering from URI within one last month and taken by mothers to primary health care that was selected location of study, while control was mothers who took their infants aged 6-12 months who did not suffer from URI within one last month to the selected primary health care. Data analysis included univariate, bivariate, stratification, and multivariate analysis with logistic regression. Results of study found that infants who were not exclusively breastfed were 1.69 times (95% CI: 1.02-2.80) more at risk of increasing URI incidence compared to infants who were breastfed exclusively after controlled by smoker in house and immunization variables. Health promotion of 6-month exclusive breastfeeding, provision of immunization, and anti-smoking program need to be implemented continuously to decrease the rates of morbidity and mortality due to URI disease.

Co-Authors A.H. Mahpudin Adelina Fitri Annisa Ika Putri Aria Kusuma Arwinda Nugraheni Asri C. Adisasmita Bambang Wispriyono Bambang Wispriyono Berliana Situmeang Dewi Susanna Dwi Agus Setiabudi Edwina Bernita Sitorus Eka Malfasari Elvieda Sariwati Fajaria Nurcandra Fatmah A. Gobel Fitria Dewi Puspita Anggraini Helda Helda Irwan Muryanto Mira Maryani Latifa Nasrin Kodim Nenden Hikmah Laila Ni Ketut Susilarini Rajunitrigo Sukirman Rustam, Musfardi Sukarsi Rusti Syahrizal Syarif Vivi Setiawaty Widyamurti Widyamurti Wignjadiputro, Ira

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