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Effect of Heat Shock Treatment and Aloe Vera Coating on Chilling Injury Symptom in Tomato (Lycoperiscon asculantum Mill) Sutrisno .; Yohanes Aris Purwanto; Ismi M.Idris; Olly S. Hutabarat; Sugiyono .
Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian Vol. 24 No. 1 (2010): Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian
Publisher : PERTETA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19028/jtep.024.1.%p

Abstract

AbstractThis research was undertaken to determine the effect of length in heat shock and edible coating as prestorage treatment on Chilling Injury (CI) symptom reflected by ion leakage induced and quality properties in tomato (Lycopersicon asculantum Mill.). Heat Shock Treatment (HST) was conducted at three different levels of length, which were, 20, 40 and 60 min. Edible coating was conducted using aloe vera gel. The result showed that HST and Aloe Vera Coating (AVC) were more effective to reduce CI symptom at lower chilling storage. Prolong exposure to heated water may delay climacteric peak. The length of heat shock; AVC treatment and low temperature storage significantly affected the tomato quality parameter but not significantly different for each treatment except weight loss. HST for 20 min at ambient temperature was significantly different to other treatment.Keywords: ion leakage, chilling injury, climacteric, shelf-lifeDiterima: 2 Desember 2009; Disetujui: 22 Maret 2010
Karakteristik Transmisi Gelombang Ultrasonik dan Hubungannya dengan Sifat Fisiko-Kimia Buah Naga Siti Djamila; I Wayan Budiastra; Sutrisno .
Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian Vol. 24 No. 1 (2010): Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian
Publisher : PERTETA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19028/jtep.024.1.%p

Abstract

AbstractCommonly the quality of dragon fruit in Indonesia is determined manually by using visual appearances and it gives un-uniformly results caused by human factors and the judgement is not reflected the internal quality of dragon fruit. Destructive method is usually used to determine the internal quality of dragon fruit that is unsuitable for quality control of fresh dragon fruit.  So a non destructive method is required for evaluation the quality of dragon fruit. The objectives of the research were to determine the physico-chemical and ultrasound wave transmission characteristics of super red dragon fruit according to harvesting time, and to study the relationship between ultrasound wave transmission characteristics and physico-chemical characteristics of super red dragon fruit. Super-red dragon fruits were harvested at 30, 32, and 34 days after flower blooms (150 samples) from PT Wahana Cory, Ciapus, Bogor. The results showed that the ultrasound velocity of super red dragon fruit ranged from 614.10 to 680.16  m/s and  the attenuation coefficient were 57.32 to 62.40 Neper per meter. The attenuation coefficient was significantly different according to maturity.  There were significant correlations between ultrasound parameters (velocity and attenuation coefficient) and physico-chemical of super red dragon fruit (firmness, sugar content, total soluble solid, and total acid).Keyword: dragon fruit, attenuation, ultrasound, velocity Diterima: 25 September 2009; Disetujui: 3 Februari 2010 
Improvement of the Technologi Packaging for the Transportation of Mangosteen Niluh Yulianti; Sutrisno .; Emmy Darmawati
Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian Vol. 24 No. 1 (2010): Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian
Publisher : PERTETA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19028/jtep.024.1.%p

Abstract

AbstractThe research aimed to design a package made of corrugated board for mangosteen packaging; test the compression strength of the packaging; analyze the effect of packaging capacity and fruit packing pattern in the container on some quality parameters after transport, and analyze the economy of the packaging used.The research was conducted in three stages, namely: the measurement of physical and mechanical properties of fruit (Stage I); the packaging design i.e. determining the packaging dimension (Stage II); and packaging design testing (Stage III). Compression and vibration testing were conducted. For the vibration testing, transport simulations were conducted using the vibration simulator of 3.50 Hz and amplitude of 4.61 cm for 3 hours. The packaging was designed with a capacity of 8 kg and 15 kg using two packing pattern, namely the fcc and Jumble. Based on the physical and mechanical properties, optimal packing pattern of 8 kg container was 8, 4, and 4 pieces of fruit for the long x, y, and z direction, respectively, with the density of 62%. Therefore, gave packaging dimension of 39.4 x 21 x 21 cm. For the 15 kg container, the optimal packing pattern was 8, 6 and 5 pieces of fruit for the x, y, and z direction, respectively, with the packing density of 65.6%. Thus, gave dimension of 39.4 x 30 x 25 cm. Based on overall test results, it can be stated that the design packaging capacity of 8 kg with dimension of 39.4 cm x 21 cm x 21 cm and the fcc packing pattern gave the optimal setting for mangosteen transportation.Keywords: packaging design, fcc, jumble, transportation, mangosteenDiterima: 18 September 2009; Disetujui: 25 Februari 2010
Penentuan Pola Peningkatan Kekerasan Kulit Buah Manggis Selama Penyimpanan Dingin Dengan Metode NIR Spectroscopy Dwi Dian Novita; Usman Ahmad; Sutrisno .; I Wayan Budiastra
Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian Vol. 25 No. 1 (2011): Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian
Publisher : PERTETA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (800.917 KB) | DOI: 10.19028/jtep.025.1.%p

Abstract

Abstract Pericarp hardening of mangosteen fruit has correlation with the decrease in moisture content due to transpiration and respiration during storage.  The change of pericarp moisture content during storage may be determined nondestructively using near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy. The objectives of this study were to build calibration model of NIR reflectance to predict the moisture content of the pericarp, and to determine the pattern of pericarp hardening based on change of moisture content during storage using NIR reflectance. NIR reflectance spectra were obtained from fruits stored at 8ºC, 13ºC, and room temperature.  Calibrations were built using partial least squares (PLS) and artificial neural network (ANN) models.  Results of analysis indicated that pericarp moisture content could be predicted well by NIR reflectance using the calibration model of PLS for mangosteen stored at 8ºC, 13ºC, and room temperature. The pattern of pericarp hardening based on change of moisture content also could be determined using NIR reflectance for mangosteen stored at 13ºC and room temperature. Keywords : mangosteen fruit, pericarp hardening, moisture content NIR spectroscopy, PLS, ANN Abstrak Pengerasan kulit buah manggis memiliki korelasi dengan penurunan kadar air kulit buah akibat dari proses transpirasi dan respirasi buah selama penyimpanan. Perubahan kadar air kulit buah selama penyimpanan bisa ditentukan secara non-destutive dengan menggunakan near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menyusun model kalibrasi reflektan NIR untuk memprediksi kadar air kulit buah manggis, serta untuk menentukan model pengerasan kulit buah berdasarkan perubahan kadar air selama penyimpanan menggunakan reflektan NIR. Spektra reflektan NIR diambil dari buah manggis yang disimpan pada suhu 8oC, 13oC dan suhu ruang. Kalibrasi dibangun dengan menggunakan model partial least squares (PLS) dan artificial neural network (ANN). Hasil analisis mengindikasikan bahwa kadar air kulit buah dapat diprediksi secara baik dengan reflektan NIR menggunakan model kalibrasi PLS untuk buah manggis yang disimpan pada suhu 8oC, 13oC dan suhu ruang. Model pengerasan kulit buah berdasarkan perubahan kadar airnya juga dapat ditentukan dengan reflektan NIR untuk buah manggis yang disimpan pada suhu 13oC dan suhu ruang. Kata kunci : buah manggis, pengerasan kulit, NIR spectroscopy, PLS, ANNDiterima: 19 Oktober 2010; Disetujui: 10 Maret 2011  
Kajian Penyimpanan Buah Naga (Hylocereus costaricensis) dalam Kemasan Atmosfer Termodifikasi Sutrisno .; Enggar Galih Mitayani Purwanto
Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian Vol. 25 No. 2 (2011): Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian
Publisher : PERTETA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (369.465 KB) | DOI: 10.19028/jtep.025.2.%p

Abstract

Abstract Modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) is an alternative technologies for foodstuff packaging, distribution and storage which resulting in products with an increased shelf-life. The principle of MAP is modifying the gas inside the packaging by using plastic or film with specific permeability. This technology will be tried to package dragon fruit (Hylocereus costaricensis) to prolong its shelf-life. The procedures are respiration rate measurement, determining O2 and CO2 composition of modified atmosphere packaging, and determining the type of packaging film. There are also observations made include the weight loss, hardness and color changes, total soluble solids, and organoleptic test. The result is respiration rate of dragon fruit at temperature 10°C, 15°C and ambient are 4.15ml/kg.hour CO₂ and 3.95 ml /kg.hour O₂,  9.94 ml/kg.hour CO₂ and  8.75 ml/kg.hour O₂,  16.72 ml/kg.hour CO₂ and  16.72 ml/kg.hour O₂. The composition of the atmosphere that recommended for storage of dragon fruit is 2-4% O₂ and 6-8% CO₂on 10°C and prolong the storage-life until 25 days with stretch film and styrofoam plate which dimension 12cm x 18cm. Keywords: modified, atmosphere, packaging, dragon fruit  Abstrak Kemasan Atmosfie Termodifikasi (Modified Atmosphere Packaging/MAP) adalah teknologi alternatif untuk pengemasan, distribusi, dan penyimpanan bahan pangan dalam rangka meningkatkan daya simpannya. Prinsip MAP adalah modifikasi komposisi gas di dalam kemasan dengan menggunaan plastik film dengan permibilitas tertentu. Teknologi ini dicoba untuk mengemas buah naga untuk memperpanjang umur simpannya. Prosedur penelitian diawali dengan pengukuran laju respirasi, penentuan komposisi gas O2 dan CO2 dari MAP, serta pemilihan jenis plastik pengemas yang sesuai. Pengukuran perubahan parameter mutu produk selama penyimpanan dilakukan terhadap susut bobot, kekerasan, perubahan warna, total padatan terlarut dan uji organoleptik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa laju respirasi buah dragon pada suhu 10oC, 15oC dan suhu ruang, masing-masing adalah 4.15 ml/kg.jam untuk CO2 dan 3.95 ml/kg.jam untuk O2, 9.94 ml/kg.jam untuk CO2 dan 8.75 ml/kg.jam untuk O2, serta 16.72 ml/kg.jam untuk CO2 dan 16.72 ml/kg.jam untuk O2. Komposisi gas yang direkomendasikan untuk kemasan MAP buah naga adalah 2-4 % O2 dan 6-8% CO2 pada 10oC yang akan dapat memperpanjang umur simpan sampai 25 hari, dengan menggunakan plastik stretch film dan cawan styrofoam berdimensi 12 cm x 18 cm. Kata kunci: MAP, umur simpan, buah naga, laju respirasi Diterima: 06 Mei 2011; Disetujui: 09 September 2011