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Dibyo Pranowo
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PEMANFAATAN LAHAN DIANTARA TANAMAN JAMBU METE MUDA DI LAHAN MARGINAL Pranowo, Dibyo; Purwanto, Eko Heri
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 2, No 2 (2011): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah Dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

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The use of space among young cashew trees in marginal lands. Cashew trees are mostly planted in monoculture way, so it would be not efficient in using the space of lands. As the crops widely planted and increase of their canopy with its ages, there is avail able space that might be used for growing crops, particulary those do not need full intensity of the sun. This enable many annual crops such as corn, peanuts, upland rice that may be grown among the trees. The use of annual crops should take into account their tolency to the sun intensity. The cashew trees having root system which develop laterally need certain technology that might be develepod. Some intercrops that might be suitable be grown among them are corn, peanut, and upland rice. Previous results revealed that growing annual crops like corn yielded of 4.5 ton/ha, peanut of 975 k g/ha, and combination of the both of 3981 kg/ha and 308 kg/ha, while those of situbagendit upland rice yielded of 2.9 ton. The results showed that growing the intercrops among the cashew tress may give reasonable income for farmers as alternatively solution in optimizing of the space of lands between cashew rees.
Penentuan Karakter Pembeda Dua Populasi Kopi Arabika di Kebun Percobaan Pakuwon melalui Penggunaan Fungsi Diskriminan Wardiana, Edi; Pranowo, Dibyo
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 3, No 2 (2012): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah Dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

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Keragaman fenotipik dari beberapa genotipe tanaman karena pengaruh genetik dan lingkungan (GxE) dapat dianalisis melalui penggunaan fungsi diskriminan sehingga akan dapat diketahui informasi tentang karakter-karakter pembeda dari genotipe yang diuji. Penelitian dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan (KP) Pakuwon, Sukabumi, mulai bulan Desember 2010 sampai Mei 2012, dengan tujuan mengidentifikasi karakter-karakter yang dapat menjadi pembeda dua populasi kopi arabika (Kartika 1 dan 2) yang ditanam di KP. Pakuwon melalui pendekatan fungsi diskriminan. Contoh tanaman kopi varietas Kartika 1 dan 2 masing-masing sebanyak 20 tanaman dipilih secara sistematik, kemudian diamati pada umur 14-17 bulan setelah tanam terhadap 20 peubah morfologi tanaman. Data-data yang terkumpul dianalisis melalui penggunaan fungsi diskriminan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa diperoleh 4 karakter pembeda dua varietas kopi arabika (Kartika 1 dan Kartika 2), yaitu jumlah cabang total/tanaman, jumlah ruas/cabang, jumlah tandan/cabang, dan bobot kering buah. Varietas Kartika 1 memiliki jumlah cabang total/tanaman, jumlah tandan/cabang, dan bobot kering buah lebih tinggi daripada Kartika 2, sedangkan jumlah ruas cabangnya lebih rendah. Keempat karakter tersebut secara nyata dapat membedakan kedua varietas kopi dengan tingkat validitasnya sebesar 82,5%. Hasil penelitian ini didasari oleh teori GxE dan dapat memberikan implikasi bagi kajian dan penelitian-penelitian berikutnya dalam upaya peningkatan produktivitas dan atau mutu hasil kopi, khususnya Kartika 1 dan 2 di KP. Pakuwon. .Determination of Characters to Distinguish Two Population of Coffea Arabica at Pakuwon Experimental Station by Discriminant Function Phenotypic variability of several plant genotypes is affected by genetic (G) and environment (E) factors, known as GxE. The GxE can be analyzed through discriminant functions being able to know information several characters as differentiator of genotypes. A study was conducted at Pakuwon Experimental Station (KP. Pakuwon), Sukabumi, from December 2010 to May 2012. To identify the characters being able to distinguish two populations of Coffea arabica (Kartika 1 and 2), the discriminant function was used.  Sistematic sampling of 20 sample plants of Kartika 1 and 2 each was used in this study. As many as 20 variables of plant morphology were observed for 14-17 months after planting. Data collected were analyzed by discriminant function. Results showed that there are four characters being able to distinguish two varieties of Coffea arabica ( Kartika 1 and 2) namely: total number of branch/plant, number of internode/branches, number of bunch/ branch, and dry weight of fruit. The total number of branch/plant, number of bunch/branch, and dry weight of bean of Kartika 1 were higher than those of Kartika 2, while the number of internode/branches was lower. These fourth characters were significantly able to distinguish the two varieties of coffee with 82.5% validity rates. This result was based on GxE theory and may have implications for improvement of productivity and quality of coffee, for future study.
Pemanfaatan Mikroba Rizosfer untuk Meningkatkan Pertumbuhan dan Serapan Hara pada Tanaman Lada Herman, Maman; Sasmita, Kurnia Dewi; Pranowo, Dibyo
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 3, No 2 (2012): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah Dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

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Lada (Piper nigrum L.) merupakan tanaman yang penyerapan haranya tinggi dan sebagian besar ditanam di lahan marginal sehingga memerlukan jumlah pupuk yang relatif tinggi. Oleh karena itu, perlu upaya untuk meningkatkan efisiensi pemupukan pada lada, salah satunya dengan menggunakan pupuk hayati yang mengandung mikroba penambat N2 dan pelarut hara P. Penelitian ini bertujuan mempelajari pengaruh mikroba rizosfer indigenous terhadap pertumbuhan dan serapan hara N, P, dan K pada tanaman lada. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan 8 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Perlakuan yang dicoba adalah: K0) tanpa inokulum dan tanpa pupuk (Kontrol), K1) tanpa inokulum + 50% pupuk, K2) tanpa inokulum + 100% pupuk, H1) inokulum Azotobacter (PN LCNa) + 50% pupuk, H2) inokulum Azotobacter (PN LCNb) + 50% pupuk, H3) inokulum Penicillium (PF LSK 1b) + 50% pupuk, H4) inokulum bakteri pelarut fosfat (PF LSK 1a) + 50% pupuk, dan H5) mikoriza + 50% pupuk. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan mikroba penambat N2 (isolat PN LCNa dan PN LCNb) dan pelarut P (isolat PF LSK 1b dan PF LSK 1a) yang masing-masing disertai dengan pemberian pupuk NPK 50% dari dosis anjuran memberikan pertumbuhan tinggi tanaman dan  cabang tanaman lada yang cukup baik. Keempat inokulum tersebut dapat meningkatkan secara nyata bobot segar dan kering tajuk, serta serapan hara N, P dan K oleh tanaman lada dibandingkan perlakuan tanpa inokulum yang dipupuk dengan NPK dosis penuh (100%).  The Use of Rhizosphere Microbes to Improve The Growth and Nutrient Uptake of Black Pepper (Piper Nigrum L.) ABSTRACT Black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) belongs to plants which have high in nutrient uptake. If the plant is grown on marginal lands it will requires a relatively high amount of fertilizer that should be added. Therefore, it needs an effort to improve their efficiency on growing of the crop. The use of bio-fertilizer containing N fixing bacteria and P solubilizing microbes is expected be able to minimize the use of inorganic fertilizers. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of several indigenous rhizosphere microbes on the growth and nutrient uptake of N, P, and K in black pepper. A Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with eight treatments and three reflications was used in this study. The treatments exemined were:  K0) without inoculum and without fertilizer (control), K1) without inoculum + 50% fertilizer, K2) without inoculum + 100% fertilizer, H1) inoculum of Azotobacter (PN LCNa) + 50% fertilizer, H2) inoculum of Azotobacter (PN LCNb) + 50% fertilizer, H3) inoculum of Penicillium (PF LSK 1b) + 50% fertilizer, H4) inoculum of phosphate solubilizinng microbe (PF LSK 1a) + 50% fertilizer, dan H5) mycorrhiza + 50% fertilizer. The results showed that application of N fixing microbes (isolate PN LCNa dan PN LCNb) and P solubilizing microbes (isolate PN LCNa dan PN LCNb) combined with 50% of added fertilizers were able to give better growth of black pepper, particularly in plant height and number of branches. Moreover, application of N fixing and P solubilizing microbes also increased significantly in dry and fresh weight of the shoot and nutrient uptake of N, P, and K compared with without inoculum combined with 100% added NPK fertilizer.
Karakteristik Biodiesel Kemiri Sunan [Reutealis trisperma ( Blanco ) Airy Shaw] Menggunakan Proses Transesterifikasi Dua Tahap Aunillah, Asif; Pranowo, Dibyo
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 3, No 3 (2012): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah Dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

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Biodiesel merupakan alternatif terbaik pengganti bahan bakar diesel yang bersumber dari fosil. Selain dapat digunakan secara langsung pada mesin tanpa modifikasi, biodiesel juga ramah lingkungan. Pengembangan biodiesel kedepan lebih diarahkan ke bahan nonpangan. Salah satu bahan nonpangan yang berpotensi sebagai bahan biodiesel adalah kemiri sunan [Reutealis trisperma (Blanco) Airy Shaw]. Proses produksi biodiesel minyak kemiri sunan saat ini masih menghasilkan biodiesel yang belum memenuhi Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI). Penelitian ini dilakukan di Lembaga Minyak dan Gas serta di Balai Penelitian Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar bulan November 2011, bertujuan mengevaluasi karakteristik biodiesel kemiri sunan dan membandingkannya dengan SNI (SNI-04-7182-2006) dan standar USA (ASTM D6751). Metode pembuatan biodiesel menggunakan proses transesterifikasi dua tahap. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa rendemen biodiesel kemiri sunan mencapai 88% dari volume minyak. Dari 18 kriteria yang diamati, hanya residu karbon yang belum memenui kriteria SNI. Sedangkan untuk standar USA, yang belum memenuhi kriteria adalah residu karbon dan titik nyala.  The Characteristic Of The Philippine Tung [Reutealis Trisperma(Blanco) Airy Shaw] Biodiesel Processed Through Two Step Transesterification ProcessABSTRACT Biodiesel is likely to be the best alternative to replace diesel derived fuel from fossil. It may be used directly onto machines without any necessary modification and be environmental friendly. Biodiesel development in the future will focus on non-edible vegetable oils of many potential sources. Philippine tung [Reutealis trisperma (Blanco) Airy Shaw] might be considered. However, biodiesel production at present has not been standarized by  Indonesian National Standard (SNI). A study was conducted at the Research and Development Center for Oil and Gas Technology and Indonesian Research Institute for Industrial and Beverages Crops on November 2011. The objective of this study was to evaluate the characteristics of Philippine Tung biodiesel and compared with SNI (SNI-04-7182-2006) and USA standart (ASTM D6751). The method used was a two-stage transesterification process. The result showed that the ratio of biodiesel to total oil volume (v/v) was 88%. From 18 parameters on SNI based there was only carbon residue which is not meet SNI. While based on US standard, flash point and carbon residue didn’t meet with the criteria.
Skrining Provenan Jarak Pagar Terpilih di Beberapa Agroekosistem Sudarmo, Hadi; Mahfud, Moch.; Djumali, .; Pranowo, Dibyo; S.W., Tukimin
Buletin Tanaman Tembakau, Serat & Minyak Industri Vol 2, No 1 (2010): April 2010
Publisher : Balai Penelitian Tanaman Pemanis dan Serat (Balittas)

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Pengembangan jarak pagar sebagai bahan bakar nabati (BBN) memerlukan bahan tanam yang unggul. Se-leksi rekuren sederhana terhadap populasi hasil eksplorasi dari beberapa daerah telah menghasilkan tiga po-pulasi unggul, yaitu IP-1A, IP-1M, dan IP-1P yang diprediksi mempunyai potensi produksi 45 ton per ha/ta-hun mulai tahun ke-4. Namun demikian populasi terpilih tersebut apabila dibudidayakan oleh petani secara sederhana, nilai ekonomis hasilnya belum menguntungkan. Penelitian skrining provenan ini dalam rangka mendukung pengembangan varietas unggul jarak pagar berproduktivitas tinggi dan berkadar minyak tinggi. Penelitian ini diawali pada tahun 2007, berlokasi di 3 tempat yaitu Kebun Percobaan (KP) Asembagus, KP Muktiharjo, dan KP Pakuwon. Genotipe yang diskrining sebanyak 20 provenan terdiri atas 17 genotipe yang berasal dari provenan terpilih yaitu HS-49/NTT, SP-16/Sulsel, SP-8/Susel, NTB-2555, NTB-554, NTB-3189, NTB-3052, NTB-575, Puncu/Jatim, PT-3/Lampung, PT-7/Lampung, PT-13/Lampung, PT-14/Lampung, PT-15/Lampung, PT-18/Lampung, PT-26/Banten, PT-33/Lampung, dan 3 populasi terpilih hasil seleksi masa ya-itu IP-1A, IP-1M, IP-1P, yang digunakan sebagai pembanding. Perlakuan disusun dalam rancangan acak ke-lompok dengan ulangan 3 kali. Setiap perlakuan ditanam dalam petak berukuran 10 m x 8 m dengan jarak tanam 2 m x 2 m. Hasil skrining provenan terpilih jarak pagar di Asembagus, Muktiharjo, dan Pakuwon ada-lah tiga provenan yang berpotensi produksi dan berkadar minyak tinggi, yaitu HS-49, NTB-3189, dan PT-7/Lampung. Ketiganya memiliki potensi produksi pada tahun 2009 masing-masing 1.150,70 kg; 1.113,30 kg; 1.064,60 kg/ha/th dan kadar minyak 37,66%; 35,39%; dan 35,84%. The main problem in developing physic nut as a source of biofuel is unavailability of the superior plant mate-rials. Recurent selection of collected physic nut population found three superior provenances i.e., IP-1A, IP-1M, and IP-1P which have been predicted to have production potency of 45 tones/ha/year in fourth year onwards. However, if selected provenances are cultivated with a simple crop management it would not give economically profitable. Therefore, it needs to develop high yield and oil varieties. Screening of selected pro-venances was started 2007 in three Research Stations (RS) Asembagus, Muktiharjo, and Pakuwon, with dif-ferent agroecosystem. The screened genotypes were: HS-49/NTT, SP-16/Sulsel, SP-8/Susel, NTB-2555, NTB-554, NTB-3189, NTB-3052, NTB-575, Puncu/Jatim, PT-3/Lampung, PT-7/Lampung, PT-13/Lampung, PT-14/Lampung, PT-15/Lampung, PT-18/Lampung, PT-26/Banten, PT-33/Lampung, and three of mass se-lected: IP-1A, IP-1M, IP-1P as comparison. This research used randomized block design with three replica-tions. Results showed that three provenances: HS-49, NTB-3189, and PT-7/Lampung have superior potential production and oil content in those three locations. The potential production and oil content of HS-49, NTB-3189, and PT-7/Lampung in 2009 were 1,150.70 kg; 1,113.30 kg; 1,064.60 kg/ha/year; and 37.66%; 35.39%; 35,84% respectively.
PENAMPILAN SIFAT AGRONOMI TANAMAN KEMIRI SUNAN [Reutealis trisperma (Blanco) Airy Shaw] YANG BERASAL DARI GRAFTING DAN BIJI Pranowo, Dibyo; Rusli, Rusli
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 3, No 3 (2012): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah Dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

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Kemajuan program pengembangan tanaman dipengaruhi oleh ketersediaan bahan tanam unggul bermutu dengan jumlah yang cukup. Grafting merupakan salah satu cara perbanyakan benih yang dapat menjamin mutu genetik bahan tanam dan keturunan yang diperoleh umumnya  sama dengan induknya. Penelitian yang bertujuan mengetahui penampilan sifat agronomi tanaman kemiri sunan [Reutealis trisperma (Blanco) Airy Shaw] yang diperbanyak secara grafting dan seedling dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan Pakuwon, pada ketinggian tempat 450 m di atas permukaan laut dengan jenis tanah Latosol dan tipe iklim B, mulai bulan Oktober 2010 sampai Oktober 2012. Metode yang digunakan adalah observasi dengan cara membandingkan dua perlakuan teknik perbanyakan benih, yaitu secara grafting dan melalui biji (seedling), masing-masing 20 tanaman untuk setiap perlakuan. Hasil observasi menunjukkan bahwa tinggi tanaman asal grafting ternyata lebih rendah tetapi dengan lingkaran batang yang lebih besar dibandingkan tanaman asal biji. Ukuran daunnya lebih kecil tetapi dengan jumlah yang lebih banyak serta indeks luas daun yang lebih tinggi.AGRONOMIC PERFORMANCE  OF [Reutealis trisperma (Blanco) Airy Shaw] RAISED BY GRAFTING AND FROM SEEDABSTRACT The progress of plant development programs are partly influenced by the availability of planting materials, both in term of quality and quantity. Grafting is a propagation technique to ensure that the genetic quality of the provided planting materials is identic to the mother plant. A study was established to investigate agronomic performances of [Reutealis trisperma (Blaco) Airy Shaw] grown through grafting and seedling from October 2010 until October 2012. The study was carried out at Pakuwon Research Station with altitude of about 450 m above sea level, soil type of latosol and B type climate. The observations were made on 40 the plants of 20 each. Results showed that the agronomic performance of the plants grown through grafting technique was lower in height than those of seedling, but higher in stem of girth sizes than those of seed ones. Moreover, the leave sizes of grafted plants were smaller than those of the seedling, but higher in leave numbers and leaf area index compared to those of seedling.
SELECTION OF VEGETATIVE AND GENERATIVE CHARACTERS OF ARABICA COFFEE BY USING SEQUENTIAL PATH ANALYSIS AND STRUCTURAL EQUATION MODELS WARDIANA, EDI; PRANOWO, DIBYO
853-8212
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

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ABSTRACTInterrelations among vegetative, generative and yield characters incoffee plantation is important in breeding and selection programs.Interrelationships among these characters are the causal model and it canbe analyzed by Sequential Path Analysis (SPA). This research was carriedout at Pakuwon Experimental Station located at 450 m above sea level, inLatosol soil type with B type of climate, from December 2010 to April2012. The objectives of this research is to analyze the direct or indirectinfluence of several vegetative and generative characters on yieldcharacters of Arabica coffee through the application of SPA and StructuralEquation Models (SEM). The observation method with systematicsampling on 40 Arabica coffee plants of Kartika 1 and Kartika 2 varietieswere used in this study. The results showed that the number of cherries ofArabica coffee var. Kartika 1 and 2 population in Pakuwon ExperimentalStation were affected directly by generative and indirectly by vegetativecharacters. Plant height and stem girth can be used as positive selectioncriteria for high yielding at vegetatite phase, while the character of widthcanophy can be used as negative selection criteria. In generative phase, thecharacter of quantity of productive branches and the amount of berries andflower cluster can be used as positive selection criteria.Keywords: Coffea arabica, selection, vegetative, generative, yield,sequential path analysis, structural equation modelsABSTRAKKeterkaitan antara karakter vegetatif, generatif dan hasil padatanaman kopi merupakan hal penting dalam program pemuliaan danseleksi. Model saling keterkaitan antar karakter tersebut adalah modelsebab-akibat dan dapat dianalisis melalui Analisis Lintasan Bertahap(ALB). Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan Pakuwon, padaketinggian tempat 450 m dpl, jenis tanah Latosol, dan tipe iklim B, mulaibulan Desember 2010 sampai April 2012. Tujuan penelitian adalah untukmenganalisis beberapa karakter vegetatif dan generatif yang berpengaruhterhadap karakter hasil tanaman kopi Arabika melalui penggunaan ALBdan Model Persamaan Struktural (MPS). Metode yang digunakan adalahmetode observasi dengan teknik penentuan pohon contoh secara sistematissebanyak 40 tanaman kopi Arabika varietas Kartika 1 dan Kartika 2. Hasilpenelitian menunjukkan bahwa jumlah buah pada populasi kopi Arabikavarietas Kartika 1 dan 2 di KP Pakuwon dipengaruhi secara langsung olehkarakter generatif dan secara tidak langsung oleh karakter vegetatif. Padafase vegetatif, karakter tinggi tanaman dan diameter batang dapatdigunakan sebagai kriteria seleksi positif untuk produksi tinggi,sedangkan karakter lebar tajuk dapat digunakan sebagai kriteria seleksinegatif. Pada fase generatif, karakter jumlah cabang produktif serta jumlahklaster buah dan bunga dapat digunakan sebagai kriteria seleksi positif.Kata kunci: Kopi arabika, seleksi, vegetatif, generatif, hasil, analisislintasan bertahap, model persamaan struktural
Pengaruh Mikroba Pelarut Fosfat terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Serapan Hara P Benih Kakao (Theobroma cacao L.) Herman, Maman; Pranowo, Dibyo
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 4, No 2 (2013): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

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mudah diserap oleh perakaran tanaman sehingga dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan efisiensi pemupukan anorganik, namun demikian pengaruhnya terhadap benih kakao (Theobroma cacao L.) belum banyak diketahui. Oleh karena itu, telah dilakukan penelitian untuk menguji pengaruh mikroba pelarut fosfat terhadap pertumbuhan dan serapan hara P benih kakao. Penelitian dilakukan di rumah kaca Balai Penelitian Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar, Sukabumi mulai Januari sampai Desember 2012. Perlakuan yang dicoba yaitu A) subsoil (kontrol), B) subsoil + NPK, C) subsoil + pukan (1:1), D) subsoil + zeolit (0,5 kg/10 kg), E) subsoil + pukan + zeolit, F) subsoil + MPF, G) subsoil + NPK + MPF, H) subsoil + pukan + NPK + MPF, I) subsoil + zeolit + NPK + MPF, dan J) subsoil + pukan + zeolit + NPK + MPF. MPF diisolasi dari tanah perakaran kakao rakyat di Kabupaten Kolaka, Sulawesi Tenggara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa inokulasi MPF yang dikombinasikan dengan pemberian pupuk NPK mampu meningkatkan tinggi tanaman dan bobot biomassa benih kakao sampai umur 12 minggu setelah perlakuan. Perlakuan MPF + NPK menghasilkan tinggi tanaman, bobot biomassa, dan serapan P tertinggi dibandingkan perlakuan lainnya. Isolat MPF yang dikombinasikan dengan pemberian NPK mampu meningkatkan serapan hara P oleh benih kakao sampai 3,07 kali.Kata Kunci: Theobroma cacao L., benih, mikroba pelarut fosfat, MPF, pertumbuhan, serapan hara PPhosphate solubilizing microbes (PSM) has been known capable of dissolving unavailable phosphates in the soil to the form that easily absorbed by crops so that increases crop growth and inorganic fertilizer efficiency, however in cacao it has not been known. The objective of the study was to evaluate the role of phosphate solubilizing microbes to the growth and P nutrient uptake by cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) seedlings. The experiment was conducted in the Greenhouse of Indonesian Industrial and Beverage Crops Research Institute, Sukabumi from January to December 2012. Treatments were arranged as follows: A) Subsoil (control), B) Subsoil + NPK, C) Subsoil + organic matter (1:1), D) Subsoil + zeolite (0.5 kg/10 kg), E) Subsoil + organic matter + zeolites, F) Subsoil + PSM, G) Subsoil + NPK + PSM, H) Subsoil + organic matter + NPK + PSM, I) Subsoil + zeolite + NPK + PSM, dan J) Subsoil + organic matter + zeolite + NPK + PSM. The results showed that PSM combined with NPK enhanced plant height and weight of the biomass of cacao seedling until 12 weeks after treatment (WAT). The treatment of PSM+NPK resulted in the highest plant height, biomass, and P nutrient uptake compared with others. PSM combined with NPK fertilizer are able to increase threefold P nutrient uptake by cacao seedling.
PENAMPILAN SIFAT AGRONOMI TANAMAN KEMIRI SUNAN [Reutealis trisperma (Blanco) Airy Shaw] YANG BERASAL DARI GRAFTING DAN BIJI Pranowo, Dibyo; Rusli, Rusli
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 3, No 3 (2012): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah Dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

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Abstract

Kemajuan program pengembangan tanaman dipengaruhi oleh ketersediaan bahan tanam unggul bermutu dengan jumlah yang cukup. Grafting merupakan salah satu cara perbanyakan benih yang dapat menjamin mutu genetik bahan tanam dan keturunan yang diperoleh umumnya  sama dengan induknya. Penelitian yang bertujuan mengetahui penampilan sifat agronomi tanaman kemiri sunan [Reutealis trisperma (Blanco) Airy Shaw] yang diperbanyak secara grafting dan seedling dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan Pakuwon, pada ketinggian tempat 450 m di atas permukaan laut dengan jenis tanah Latosol dan tipe iklim B, mulai bulan Oktober 2010 sampai Oktober 2012. Metode yang digunakan adalah observasi dengan cara membandingkan dua perlakuan teknik perbanyakan benih, yaitu secara grafting dan melalui biji (seedling), masing-masing 20 tanaman untuk setiap perlakuan. Hasil observasi menunjukkan bahwa tinggi tanaman asal grafting ternyata lebih rendah tetapi dengan lingkaran batang yang lebih besar dibandingkan tanaman asal biji. Ukuran daunnya lebih kecil tetapi dengan jumlah yang lebih banyak serta indeks luas daun yang lebih tinggi.AGRONOMIC PERFORMANCE  OF [Reutealis trisperma (Blanco) Airy Shaw] RAISED BY GRAFTING AND FROM SEEDABSTRACT The progress of plant development programs are partly influenced by the availability of planting materials, both in term of quality and quantity. Grafting is a propagation technique to ensure that the genetic quality of the provided planting materials is identic to the mother plant. A study was established to investigate agronomic performances of [Reutealis trisperma (Blaco) Airy Shaw] grown through grafting and seedling from October 2010 until October 2012. The study was carried out at Pakuwon Research Station with altitude of about 450 m above sea level, soil type of latosol and B type climate. The observations were made on 40 the plants of 20 each. Results showed that the agronomic performance of the plants grown through grafting technique was lower in height than those of seedling, but higher in stem of girth sizes than those of seed ones. Moreover, the leave sizes of grafted plants were smaller than those of the seedling, but higher in leave numbers and leaf area index compared to those of seedling.
Pemanfaatan Mikroba Rizosfer untuk Meningkatkan Pertumbuhan dan Serapan Hara pada Tanaman Lada Herman, Maman; Sasmita, Kurnia Dewi; Pranowo, Dibyo
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 3, No 2 (2012): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah Dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

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Abstract

Lada (Piper nigrum L.) merupakan tanaman yang penyerapan haranya tinggi dan sebagian besar ditanam di lahan marginal sehingga memerlukan jumlah pupuk yang relatif tinggi. Oleh karena itu, perlu upaya untuk meningkatkan efisiensi pemupukan pada lada, salah satunya dengan menggunakan pupuk hayati yang mengandung mikroba penambat N2 dan pelarut hara P. Penelitian ini bertujuan mempelajari pengaruh mikroba rizosfer indigenous terhadap pertumbuhan dan serapan hara N, P, dan K pada tanaman lada. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan 8 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Perlakuan yang dicoba adalah: K0) tanpa inokulum dan tanpa pupuk (Kontrol), K1) tanpa inokulum + 50% pupuk, K2) tanpa inokulum + 100% pupuk, H1) inokulum Azotobacter (PN LCNa) + 50% pupuk, H2) inokulum Azotobacter (PN LCNb) + 50% pupuk, H3) inokulum Penicillium (PF LSK 1b) + 50% pupuk, H4) inokulum bakteri pelarut fosfat (PF LSK 1a) + 50% pupuk, dan H5) mikoriza + 50% pupuk. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan mikroba penambat N2 (isolat PN LCNa dan PN LCNb) dan pelarut P (isolat PF LSK 1b dan PF LSK 1a) yang masing-masing disertai dengan pemberian pupuk NPK 50% dari dosis anjuran memberikan pertumbuhan tinggi tanaman dan  cabang tanaman lada yang cukup baik. Keempat inokulum tersebut dapat meningkatkan secara nyata bobot segar dan kering tajuk, serta serapan hara N, P dan K oleh tanaman lada dibandingkan perlakuan tanpa inokulum yang dipupuk dengan NPK dosis penuh (100%).  The Use of Rhizosphere Microbes to Improve The Growth and Nutrient Uptake of Black Pepper (Piper Nigrum L.) ABSTRACT Black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) belongs to plants which have high in nutrient uptake. If the plant is grown on marginal lands it will requires a relatively high amount of fertilizer that should be added. Therefore, it needs an effort to improve their efficiency on growing of the crop. The use of bio-fertilizer containing N fixing bacteria and P solubilizing microbes is expected be able to minimize the use of inorganic fertilizers. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of several indigenous rhizosphere microbes on the growth and nutrient uptake of N, P, and K in black pepper. A Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with eight treatments and three reflications was used in this study. The treatments exemined were:  K0) without inoculum and without fertilizer (control), K1) without inoculum + 50% fertilizer, K2) without inoculum + 100% fertilizer, H1) inoculum of Azotobacter (PN LCNa) + 50% fertilizer, H2) inoculum of Azotobacter (PN LCNb) + 50% fertilizer, H3) inoculum of Penicillium (PF LSK 1b) + 50% fertilizer, H4) inoculum of phosphate solubilizinng microbe (PF LSK 1a) + 50% fertilizer, dan H5) mycorrhiza + 50% fertilizer. The results showed that application of N fixing microbes (isolate PN LCNa dan PN LCNb) and P solubilizing microbes (isolate PN LCNa dan PN LCNb) combined with 50% of added fertilizers were able to give better growth of black pepper, particularly in plant height and number of branches. Moreover, application of N fixing and P solubilizing microbes also increased significantly in dry and fresh weight of the shoot and nutrient uptake of N, P, and K compared with without inoculum combined with 100% added NPK fertilizer.
Co-Authors . Djumali A.A. Ketut Agung Cahyawan W Asif Aunillah Edi Wardiana Eko Heri Purwanto Elsera Br Tarigan, Elsera Br Hadi Sudarmo Handi Supriadi Kurnia Dewi Sasmita Maman Herman Moch. Mahfud Tajul Iflah, Tajul Tukimin S.W. Yulius Ferry Yundari, Yundari