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All Journal Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar
Edi Wardiana
Balai Penelitian Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar, Jl. Raya Pakuwon Km 2 Parungkuda, Sukabumi 43357, Indonesia Telp. (0266) 7070941
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering

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ANALYSIS OF GENETIC PARAMETERS FOR BEAN PHYSICAL QUALITY CHARACTERS AND CLUSTERIZATIONS OF ELEVEN GENOTYPES OF ROBUSTA COFFEE (Coffea canephora) Rubiyo, Rubiyo; Wardiana, Edi
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 14, No 2 (2013): October 2013
Publisher : Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development - MOA

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The genetic parameters of coffee related to their bean physical quality characters are important for breeder to improve the  bean quality. Eleven genotypes of robusta coffee were identified and their genetic relationship to the bean physical quality were characterized. The research was conducted at coffee plantation of the Association of Indonesian Coffee Exporters in West Lampung, altitude of 800 m above sea level, Latosol type of soil, and A type of climate, starting from 2010 to 2012. The objectives of this study were to estimate the genotypic coefficient of variation, heritability and genetic advance of the bean physical quality characters, and clusterization analysis of eleven genotypes of robusta coffee. A randomized complete block design with eleven treatments of coffee genotypes and three replications was used in this study. The results showed that the estimated values of genotypic coefficient of variation, heritability and genetic advance for small-size normal bean characters of robusta coffee were very high, so the genetic improvement for these characters has a high probability of success by direct selection. Clusterization of the genotypes resulted three clusters with their respective characteristics. The study implies that future breeding program especially for hybridization should be conducted between genotypes arising from different clusters to obtain the possible high heterosis effects.
STRATEGI PEMULIAAN JAMBU METE SPESIFIK LOKASI MELALUI METODE OBSERVASI Wardiana, Edi; Martono, Budi; ., Dani
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 2, No 2 (2011): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah Dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

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Abstract

Breeding strategy for location specific of cashew by observation. Cashew is a perennial plant so that its breeding cycle requires a relatively long time. One alternative that can be done to accelerate the investigation of superior varieties is the observation method on the existing populations which have expressed their potential genetics and has a preference for the local farmers community. The observation method are directed to investigate the superior varieties for specific location where the selection process involving the local farmers community. This method are identical to the model of Participatory Plant Breeding (PTP) that are oriented to the multilevel user needs (industrial and end user). In order to increase the efficiency and effectivity of the observation methods are recommended  : (1) to increase the empowerment of local farmers communities, (2) to provide the adequate confidence from the government and or plant breeders to the farmers beginning from planning stage until characters selection stage, and (3) to add the location of BPT with their distribution in more specific location based on differences in the biophysical environment, agronomic and socio-economic of local farmers community.
Penentuan Karakter Pembeda Dua Populasi Kopi Arabika di Kebun Percobaan Pakuwon melalui Penggunaan Fungsi Diskriminan Wardiana, Edi; Pranowo, Dibyo
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 3, No 2 (2012): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah Dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

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Keragaman fenotipik dari beberapa genotipe tanaman karena pengaruh genetik dan lingkungan (GxE) dapat dianalisis melalui penggunaan fungsi diskriminan sehingga akan dapat diketahui informasi tentang karakter-karakter pembeda dari genotipe yang diuji. Penelitian dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan (KP) Pakuwon, Sukabumi, mulai bulan Desember 2010 sampai Mei 2012, dengan tujuan mengidentifikasi karakter-karakter yang dapat menjadi pembeda dua populasi kopi arabika (Kartika 1 dan 2) yang ditanam di KP. Pakuwon melalui pendekatan fungsi diskriminan. Contoh tanaman kopi varietas Kartika 1 dan 2 masing-masing sebanyak 20 tanaman dipilih secara sistematik, kemudian diamati pada umur 14-17 bulan setelah tanam terhadap 20 peubah morfologi tanaman. Data-data yang terkumpul dianalisis melalui penggunaan fungsi diskriminan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa diperoleh 4 karakter pembeda dua varietas kopi arabika (Kartika 1 dan Kartika 2), yaitu jumlah cabang total/tanaman, jumlah ruas/cabang, jumlah tandan/cabang, dan bobot kering buah. Varietas Kartika 1 memiliki jumlah cabang total/tanaman, jumlah tandan/cabang, dan bobot kering buah lebih tinggi daripada Kartika 2, sedangkan jumlah ruas cabangnya lebih rendah. Keempat karakter tersebut secara nyata dapat membedakan kedua varietas kopi dengan tingkat validitasnya sebesar 82,5%. Hasil penelitian ini didasari oleh teori GxE dan dapat memberikan implikasi bagi kajian dan penelitian-penelitian berikutnya dalam upaya peningkatan produktivitas dan atau mutu hasil kopi, khususnya Kartika 1 dan 2 di KP. Pakuwon. .Determination of Characters to Distinguish Two Population of Coffea Arabica at Pakuwon Experimental Station by Discriminant Function Phenotypic variability of several plant genotypes is affected by genetic (G) and environment (E) factors, known as GxE. The GxE can be analyzed through discriminant functions being able to know information several characters as differentiator of genotypes. A study was conducted at Pakuwon Experimental Station (KP. Pakuwon), Sukabumi, from December 2010 to May 2012. To identify the characters being able to distinguish two populations of Coffea arabica (Kartika 1 and 2), the discriminant function was used.  Sistematic sampling of 20 sample plants of Kartika 1 and 2 each was used in this study. As many as 20 variables of plant morphology were observed for 14-17 months after planting. Data collected were analyzed by discriminant function. Results showed that there are four characters being able to distinguish two varieties of Coffea arabica ( Kartika 1 and 2) namely: total number of branch/plant, number of internode/branches, number of bunch/ branch, and dry weight of fruit. The total number of branch/plant, number of bunch/branch, and dry weight of bean of Kartika 1 were higher than those of Kartika 2, while the number of internode/branches was lower. These fourth characters were significantly able to distinguish the two varieties of coffee with 82.5% validity rates. This result was based on GxE theory and may have implications for improvement of productivity and quality of coffee, for future study.
Pengaruh Jarak Tanam dan Jenis Tanaman Sela terhadap Pertumbuhan Lada Perdu Serta Hasil Tanaman Sela Ferry, Yulius; Wardiana, Edi
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 3, No 2 (2012): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah Dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

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Penanaman tanaman sela di antara tanaman lada perdu merupakan salah satu strategi dalam upaya mengoptimalkan pemanfaatan sumberdaya pertanian dan sekaligus dapat meningkatkan pendapatan usahatani. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan (KP) Cahaya Negeri, Lampung Utara, mulai tahun 2010 sampai 2011. Tujuannya adalah memperoleh kombinasi jarak tanam lada perdu dengan jenis tanaman sela yang sesuai untuk mendukung pertumbuhan tanaman lada sebagai tanaman pokok serta meningkatkan hasil dan pendapataan tanaman sela. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah acak kelompok pola faktorial dua faktor dengan 3 ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah jarak tanam lada (J) yang terdiri dari 4 taraf : (J1) 1 x 3 meter, (J2) 1 x 4 meter (J3) 2 x 3 meter, dan (J4) 2 x 4 meter. Faktor kedua adalah jenis tanaman sela (S) yang terdiri dari : (S1) tanaman kacang tanah, dan (S2) tanaman sela kacang hijau. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) jarak tanam lada perdu 1 x 3 m cukup sesuai untuk ditanami tanaman sela kacang tanah maupun kacang hijau karena dengan jarak tanam tersebut dapat mendukung bagi pertumbuhan vegetatif dan generatif lada serta dapat memaksimalkan hasil dan pendapatan tanaman sela, dan (2) penanaman tanaman sela kacang tanah dan kacang hijau di antara lada perdu sebaiknya dilakukan secara rotasi, kacang tanah ditanam pada fase vegetatif, sedangkan kacang hijau ditanam pada fase generatif tanaman lada.  Effect of Plant Spacing and Intercrops on The Growth of Pepper and Yield of IntercropsABSTRACT Growing of intercrops planted among of bushy pepper cultivation is one of strategies in optimizing agricultural resources utilization and increasing farmers’ income. The experiment was conducted at Cahaya Negeri Experimental Station, from 2010 until 2011. The experiment was aimed to investigate the compatibility of bushy pepper growing and the kind of intercrops to support the growth and increase in yield of the crop and additional income from the intercrops. The factorial design based randomized complete block with three replication was used in this study. The first factor was bushy pepper spacing (J) consisted of four levels : (J1) 1 m x 3 m, (J2) 1 m x 4 m, (J3) 2 m x 3 m, and (J4) 2 m x 4 m. The second factor was the kind of intercrops (S) consisted of two levels : (S1) Peanut and (S2) Mungbean. Result showed that : (1) The 1 m x 3 m of bushy pepper spacing is quite suitable for growing peanut or mungbean as intercrops based on vegetative and generative growth measures of bushy pepper and maximize in yields and additional income from the intercrops, and (2) peanut and mungbean were suggested to be intercrops in bushy pepper growing in rotation of cropping system, whereas peanut and mungbean should be planted within the vegetative and generative phases of bushy pepper, respectively.
SELECTION OF VEGETATIVE AND GENERATIVE CHARACTERS OF ARABICA COFFEE BY USING SEQUENTIAL PATH ANALYSIS AND STRUCTURAL EQUATION MODELS WARDIANA, EDI; PRANOWO, DIBYO
853-8212
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

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ABSTRACTInterrelations among vegetative, generative and yield characters incoffee plantation is important in breeding and selection programs.Interrelationships among these characters are the causal model and it canbe analyzed by Sequential Path Analysis (SPA). This research was carriedout at Pakuwon Experimental Station located at 450 m above sea level, inLatosol soil type with B type of climate, from December 2010 to April2012. The objectives of this research is to analyze the direct or indirectinfluence of several vegetative and generative characters on yieldcharacters of Arabica coffee through the application of SPA and StructuralEquation Models (SEM). The observation method with systematicsampling on 40 Arabica coffee plants of Kartika 1 and Kartika 2 varietieswere used in this study. The results showed that the number of cherries ofArabica coffee var. Kartika 1 and 2 population in Pakuwon ExperimentalStation were affected directly by generative and indirectly by vegetativecharacters. Plant height and stem girth can be used as positive selectioncriteria for high yielding at vegetatite phase, while the character of widthcanophy can be used as negative selection criteria. In generative phase, thecharacter of quantity of productive branches and the amount of berries andflower cluster can be used as positive selection criteria.Keywords: Coffea arabica, selection, vegetative, generative, yield,sequential path analysis, structural equation modelsABSTRAKKeterkaitan antara karakter vegetatif, generatif dan hasil padatanaman kopi merupakan hal penting dalam program pemuliaan danseleksi. Model saling keterkaitan antar karakter tersebut adalah modelsebab-akibat dan dapat dianalisis melalui Analisis Lintasan Bertahap(ALB). Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan Pakuwon, padaketinggian tempat 450 m dpl, jenis tanah Latosol, dan tipe iklim B, mulaibulan Desember 2010 sampai April 2012. Tujuan penelitian adalah untukmenganalisis beberapa karakter vegetatif dan generatif yang berpengaruhterhadap karakter hasil tanaman kopi Arabika melalui penggunaan ALBdan Model Persamaan Struktural (MPS). Metode yang digunakan adalahmetode observasi dengan teknik penentuan pohon contoh secara sistematissebanyak 40 tanaman kopi Arabika varietas Kartika 1 dan Kartika 2. Hasilpenelitian menunjukkan bahwa jumlah buah pada populasi kopi Arabikavarietas Kartika 1 dan 2 di KP Pakuwon dipengaruhi secara langsung olehkarakter generatif dan secara tidak langsung oleh karakter vegetatif. Padafase vegetatif, karakter tinggi tanaman dan diameter batang dapatdigunakan sebagai kriteria seleksi positif untuk produksi tinggi,sedangkan karakter lebar tajuk dapat digunakan sebagai kriteria seleksinegatif. Pada fase generatif, karakter jumlah cabang produktif serta jumlahklaster buah dan bunga dapat digunakan sebagai kriteria seleksi positif.Kata kunci: Kopi arabika, seleksi, vegetatif, generatif, hasil, analisislintasan bertahap, model persamaan struktural
ANALISIS KOMPONEN HASIL VANILI ALOR PADA BEBERAPA AGROEKOLOGI DI NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR SUPRIADI, HANDI; HADAD E.A, M.; WARDIANA, EDI
853-8212
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

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ABSTRAKTanaman vanili (Vanilla planifolia Andrews) dapat tumbuh padadaerah beriklim kering, seperti di daerah Kabupaten Alor denganketinggian tempat 0-1500 m dpl. Namun demikian, pertumbuhan danproduksinya diduga akan bervariasi bergantung pada perbedaan kondisiagroklimat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pertumbuhanvegetatif, generatif, dan komponen hasil tanaman vanili lokal Alor didaerah beriklim kering. Penelitian dilakukan di daerah beriklim kering,Kabupaten Alor,  Nusa  Tenggara  Timur,  pada  tiga  lokasi  denganketinggian tempat 25-825 m dpl., jenis tanah Inceptisol, dan tipe iklim F(Scmidht dan Ferguson), pada bulan Januari sampai Desember 2009.Metode yang digunakan adalah observasi terhadap populasi tanaman vaniliyang ditanam pada tiga lingkungan tumbuh yang berbeda berdasarkanketinggian tempat dari permukaan laut: (1) agroklimat dataran rendah(ketinggian 25 m dpl), (2) dataran medium (425 m dpl), dan (3) datarantinggi (825 m dpl). Peubah yang diamati meliputi pertumbuhan vegetatif,generatif, dan komponen hasil. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktoragroklimat berpengaruh nyata terhadap pertumbuhan dan komponen hasiltanaman vanili. Pada ketinggian 825 m dpl, tanaman vanili menghasilkanpertumbuhan generatif dan komponen hasil vanili lebih baik, namunsebaliknya untuk pertumbuhan vegetatif. Kondisi iklim mikro, terutamaintensitas cahaya matahari, suhu udara, dan unsur hara tanah didugamenjadi penyebab perbedaan tersebut.Kata kunci: Vanilla planifolia Andrews, varietas lokal Alor, ketinggiantempat, pertumbuhan, komponen hasilABSTRACTVanilla (Vanilla planifolia Andrews) plants can grow in dryclimates such in Alor Regency from altitude of 0-1500 m above sea level.However, their growth and production may vary depending on thedifference in agroclimatic condition. The objective of the research was toanalyze the growth of vegetative, generative, and yield components ofAlor’s vanilla in dry climates. This research was conducted in the dryclimates, Alor Regency, East Nusa Tenggara, at those locations 25-825 mabove sea level (asl) altitude, in Inceptisol type of soil and F type ofclimate (Scmidht and Ferguson), from January until December 2009. Thestudy was undertaken based on observation method on the vanillapopulation grown in three different agroclimatic condition, with altitudes:(1) 25 m asl; (2) 425 m asl, and (3) 825 m asl. Variables measured includethe growth of vegetative, generative, and yield components characters. Theresearch showed that at 825 m asl vanilla produces better for generativeand yield components, and vice versa for vegetative growth. Microclimateconditions, soil nutrition, light intensity, and temperature, may be thecause of these differences.Key words: Vanilla planifolia Andrews, local variety of Alor, altitude,growth, yield components
STRATEGI PEMULIAAN JAMBU METE SPESIFIK LOKASI MELALUI METODE OBSERVASI Wardiana, Edi; Martono, Budi; ., Dani
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 2, No 2 (2011): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah Dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

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Abstract

Breeding strategy for location specific of cashew by observation. Cashew is a perennial plant so that its breeding cycle requires a relatively long time. One alternative that can be done to accelerate the investigation of superior varieties is the observation method on the existing populations which have expressed their potential genetics and has a preference for the local farmers community. The observation method are directed to investigate the superior varieties for specific location where the selection process involving the local farmers community. This method are identical to the model of Participatory Plant Breeding (PTP) that are oriented to the multilevel user needs (industrial and end user). In order to increase the efficiency and effectivity of the observation methods are recommended  : (1) to increase the empowerment of local farmers communities, (2) to provide the adequate confidence from the government and or plant breeders to the farmers beginning from planning stage until characters selection stage, and (3) to add the location of BPT with their distribution in more specific location based on differences in the biophysical environment, agronomic and socio-economic of local farmers community.
Pengaruh Waktu Aplikasi dan Jenis Trichoderma terhadap Penyakit Jamur Akar Putih pada Bibit Tanaman Karet Amaria, Widi; Wardiana, Edi
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 1, No 2 (2014): Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

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Pemanfaatan agens hayati berupa jamur antagonis Trichoderma mempunyai peluang dalam mencegah maupun menekan serangan jamur akar putih (JAP) pada bibit tanaman karet. Oleh karena itu, Trichoderma dapat diaplikasikan sebelum maupun setelah infeksi patogen. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui waktu aplikasi dan jenis Trichoderma yang efektif dalam mengendalikan penyakit JAP pada bibit karet. Penelitian dilakukan di rumah kasa Balai Penelitian Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar (Balittri) Sukabumi, mulai bulan Mei sampai November 2013. Rancangan percobaan menggunakan acak kelompok faktorial dua faktor dengan tiga ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah dua waktu aplikasi Trichoderma (sebelum dan setelah infeksi patogen), faktor kedua adalah empat jenis Trichoderma (Trichoderma virens, Trichoderma hamatum, Trichoderma amazonicum, dan Trichoderma atroviride). Di samping itu, digunakan petak kontrol (tanpa Trichoderma) untuk melihat efektif-tidaknya penggunaan Trichoderma. Bibit karet menggunakan klon AVROS 2037 hasil okulasi umur 3 bulan. Peubah yang diamati meliputi gejala penyakit JAP, masa inkubasi patogen, dan intensitas serangan JAP. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada pembibitan karet penggunaan agen hayati Trichoderma lebih efektif bila diaplikasikan sebelum ada infeksi patogen karena dapat memperpanjang masa inkubasi patogen dan menekan serangan JAP masing-masing 60,49 hari dan 78,36% dibandingkan kontrol, serta 51,62 hari dan 71,14% bila dibandingkan aplikasi setelah ada infeksi. Trichoderma yang diaplikasikan setelah infeksi patogen hanya efektif menekan serangan JAP sebesar 25% dibandingkan kontrol. T. virens dan T. amazonicum paling efektif bila diaplikasikan sebelum infeksi patogen, sedangkan apabila tanaman telah terinfeksi patogen maka dianjurkan menggunakan T. virens, T. amazonicum, atau T. atroviride.Kata kunci: Karet, jamur akar putih, Trichoderma, intensitas serangan, masa inkubasi patogenThe utilization of biological agents such as fungal antagonist of Trichoderma has the opportunity to prevent and suppress the attacks of white root diseases (JAP) in rubber seedlings. Therefore, Trichoderma can be applied before or after pathogen infection. The objectives of this study were to determine the application time and Trichoderma types which effective in controlling white root fungi in rubber seedlings. The research was carried out in the Screen house of Indonesian Industrial and Beverages Crops Research Institute (IIBCRI), Sukabumi, from May to November 2013. The randomized complete block design in factorial two factors and three replications was used in this study. The first factor: two times of Trichoderma application (one week before and after pathogen infections), whereas the second factor: four types of Trichoderma (Trichoderma virens, Trichoderma hamatum, Trichoderma amazonicum, and Trichoderma atroviride). In addition, the control plot (without Trichoderma application) was also used to investigate the effectiveness of Trichoderma application. Rubber seedling used in this study was 3 months old AVROS 2037 clone that obtained from grafting. The variable observed were symptom of JAP diseases, pathogen incubations period, and attacks intensity of JAP. The results showed that the use of Trichoderma biological agents in rubber seedling more effective when applied before pathogen infection, because it can prolong the incubations period and suppress pathogenic attack of JAP at about 60.49 days and 78.36%, respectively compared to the controls, and 51.62 days and 71.14% compared to the application after pathogen infections. The application of Trichoderma after pathogen infections only effective to suppress JAP attacks at about 25% compared to the control. T. virens and T. amazonicum most effective when applied before pathogen infection, whereas if the plant has been infected with a pathogen, it is recommended to use T. virens, T. amazonicum, or T. atroviride.
Penentuan Karakter Pembeda Dua Populasi Kopi Arabika di Kebun Percobaan Pakuwon melalui Penggunaan Fungsi Diskriminan Wardiana, Edi; Pranowo, Dibyo
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 3, No 2 (2012): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah Dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

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Abstract

Keragaman fenotipik dari beberapa genotipe tanaman karena pengaruh genetik dan lingkungan (GxE) dapat dianalisis melalui penggunaan fungsi diskriminan sehingga akan dapat diketahui informasi tentang karakter-karakter pembeda dari genotipe yang diuji. Penelitian dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan (KP) Pakuwon, Sukabumi, mulai bulan Desember 2010 sampai Mei 2012, dengan tujuan mengidentifikasi karakter-karakter yang dapat menjadi pembeda dua populasi kopi arabika (Kartika 1 dan 2) yang ditanam di KP. Pakuwon melalui pendekatan fungsi diskriminan. Contoh tanaman kopi varietas Kartika 1 dan 2 masing-masing sebanyak 20 tanaman dipilih secara sistematik, kemudian diamati pada umur 14-17 bulan setelah tanam terhadap 20 peubah morfologi tanaman. Data-data yang terkumpul dianalisis melalui penggunaan fungsi diskriminan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa diperoleh 4 karakter pembeda dua varietas kopi arabika (Kartika 1 dan Kartika 2), yaitu jumlah cabang total/tanaman, jumlah ruas/cabang, jumlah tandan/cabang, dan bobot kering buah. Varietas Kartika 1 memiliki jumlah cabang total/tanaman, jumlah tandan/cabang, dan bobot kering buah lebih tinggi daripada Kartika 2, sedangkan jumlah ruas cabangnya lebih rendah. Keempat karakter tersebut secara nyata dapat membedakan kedua varietas kopi dengan tingkat validitasnya sebesar 82,5%. Hasil penelitian ini didasari oleh teori GxE dan dapat memberikan implikasi bagi kajian dan penelitian-penelitian berikutnya dalam upaya peningkatan produktivitas dan atau mutu hasil kopi, khususnya Kartika 1 dan 2 di KP. Pakuwon. .Determination of Characters to Distinguish Two Population of Coffea Arabica at Pakuwon Experimental Station by Discriminant Function Phenotypic variability of several plant genotypes is affected by genetic (G) and environment (E) factors, known as GxE. The GxE can be analyzed through discriminant functions being able to know information several characters as differentiator of genotypes. A study was conducted at Pakuwon Experimental Station (KP. Pakuwon), Sukabumi, from December 2010 to May 2012. To identify the characters being able to distinguish two populations of Coffea arabica (Kartika 1 and 2), the discriminant function was used.  Sistematic sampling of 20 sample plants of Kartika 1 and 2 each was used in this study. As many as 20 variables of plant morphology were observed for 14-17 months after planting. Data collected were analyzed by discriminant function. Results showed that there are four characters being able to distinguish two varieties of Coffea arabica ( Kartika 1 and 2) namely: total number of branch/plant, number of internode/branches, number of bunch/ branch, and dry weight of fruit. The total number of branch/plant, number of bunch/branch, and dry weight of bean of Kartika 1 were higher than those of Kartika 2, while the number of internode/branches was lower. These fourth characters were significantly able to distinguish the two varieties of coffee with 82.5% validity rates. This result was based on GxE theory and may have implications for improvement of productivity and quality of coffee, for future study.
Pengaruh Jarak Tanam dan Jenis Tanaman Sela terhadap Pertumbuhan Lada Perdu Serta Hasil Tanaman Sela Ferry, Yulius; Wardiana, Edi
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 3, No 2 (2012): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah Dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

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Abstract

Penanaman tanaman sela di antara tanaman lada perdu merupakan salah satu strategi dalam upaya mengoptimalkan pemanfaatan sumberdaya pertanian dan sekaligus dapat meningkatkan pendapatan usahatani. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan (KP) Cahaya Negeri, Lampung Utara, mulai tahun 2010 sampai 2011. Tujuannya adalah memperoleh kombinasi jarak tanam lada perdu dengan jenis tanaman sela yang sesuai untuk mendukung pertumbuhan tanaman lada sebagai tanaman pokok serta meningkatkan hasil dan pendapataan tanaman sela. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah acak kelompok pola faktorial dua faktor dengan 3 ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah jarak tanam lada (J) yang terdiri dari 4 taraf : (J1) 1 x 3 meter, (J2) 1 x 4 meter (J3) 2 x 3 meter, dan (J4) 2 x 4 meter. Faktor kedua adalah jenis tanaman sela (S) yang terdiri dari : (S1) tanaman kacang tanah, dan (S2) tanaman sela kacang hijau. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) jarak tanam lada perdu 1 x 3 m cukup sesuai untuk ditanami tanaman sela kacang tanah maupun kacang hijau karena dengan jarak tanam tersebut dapat mendukung bagi pertumbuhan vegetatif dan generatif lada serta dapat memaksimalkan hasil dan pendapatan tanaman sela, dan (2) penanaman tanaman sela kacang tanah dan kacang hijau di antara lada perdu sebaiknya dilakukan secara rotasi, kacang tanah ditanam pada fase vegetatif, sedangkan kacang hijau ditanam pada fase generatif tanaman lada.  Effect of Plant Spacing and Intercrops on The Growth of Pepper and Yield of IntercropsABSTRACT Growing of intercrops planted among of bushy pepper cultivation is one of strategies in optimizing agricultural resources utilization and increasing farmers’ income. The experiment was conducted at Cahaya Negeri Experimental Station, from 2010 until 2011. The experiment was aimed to investigate the compatibility of bushy pepper growing and the kind of intercrops to support the growth and increase in yield of the crop and additional income from the intercrops. The factorial design based randomized complete block with three replication was used in this study. The first factor was bushy pepper spacing (J) consisted of four levels : (J1) 1 m x 3 m, (J2) 1 m x 4 m, (J3) 2 m x 3 m, and (J4) 2 m x 4 m. The second factor was the kind of intercrops (S) consisted of two levels : (S1) Peanut and (S2) Mungbean. Result showed that : (1) The 1 m x 3 m of bushy pepper spacing is quite suitable for growing peanut or mungbean as intercrops based on vegetative and generative growth measures of bushy pepper and maximize in yields and additional income from the intercrops, and (2) peanut and mungbean were suggested to be intercrops in bushy pepper growing in rotation of cropping system, whereas peanut and mungbean should be planted within the vegetative and generative phases of bushy pepper, respectively.
Co-Authors Budi Martono Dani . Dani Dani Dibyo Pranowo Enny Randriani Handi Supriadi Indah Sulistiyorini M. HADAD E.A, M. Rubiyo Rubiyo Saefudin Saefudin Widi Amaria Yulius Ferry