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EVALUASI PEMERIKSAAN IMUNOKROMATOGRAFI UNTUK MENDETEKSI ANTIBODI IgM DAN IgG DEMAM BERDARAH DENGUE ANAK Ety Retno Setyowati; Aryati Aryati; Prihatini Prihatini; M.Y. Probohoesodo
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol 12, No 2 (2005)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v12i2.850

The gold standard diagnosis of DHF by RT-PCR needs a complex technology and is time consuming. Serological tests have beendeveloped to detect IgM and IgG anti dengue to determine primary as well as secondary acute phase infection. IgM and IgG antidenguetests by immunochromatography have been used, due to a high diagnostic validity, also because they are simple, practicable, easy, rapid(15–30 minutes), can be used in a single serum sample. ELISA method has been used as a confirmation method. The aim of this studyis to evaluate the immunochromatography method in detecting IgG and IgM anti dengue of DHF patients. The study was performedon 50 serum samples from patients of the ICU Department of Paediatrics Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya during July–August 2005with dengue virus infection according to the 1997, WHO criterion and 27 serum samples from non dengue virus infection patients.ELISA method showed positive infection in 44 samples. Immunochromatography method showed positive infection in 43 samples, butwas negative in 1 sample. Diagnostic sensitivity of Immunochromatography is 97.7% (43/44) and the diagnostic specificity is 92.6%(25/27). Immunochromatography method has a high diagnostic value in assisting the diagnosis of DHF.

PENGENDALIAN MUTU BIDANG MIKROBIOLOGI KLINIK Prihatini Prihatini
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol 12, No 2 (2005)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v12i2.851

The quality control program in microbiology are procedures to identify microorganism,monitoring,to asses laboratory competencein handling clinical materials, other methods needed.QC is essential in bacteriology because nature, unlike clinical chemistry andhematology QC’s, because can’t compare with control value. The QC in microbiology include preparation of pra-analitics,analitics andpost-analitics which depending to personal, material,SOP and micoorganism Specimens, laboratory Instruments like incubators, freezer,autoclaves, must be good preparations. Examinations use control standard, monitoring all of themes periodically The laboratory resultswere recorded and evaluated as reference laboratory. The QC microbiology have been presented, they need large budgets to validity oflaboratory results.

PENGUMPULAN DAN BATAS PEMAKAIAN SAMPEL POPOK PADA PERBENIHAN URIN Rini Riyanti; Prihatini Prihatini; M.Y Probohoesodo
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol 12, No 2 (2005)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v12i2.847

Urinary tract infection diagnosis is based on urine culture, taken from a midstream collection in the morning. Obtaining samplesin this manner is difficult in children less than 3 years. In children less than 3 years, urine is obtained by urine collectors. Using urinecollectors may cause discomfort, and the possibility that the urine collectors may not adhere resulting in contamination. (1) Developinga practical method for urine sample collection. (2) Comparing culture from diapers and urine collectors samples. (3) Knowing the limittime for using diapers acceptable for urine culture. Urine samples were obtained from 20 children less than 3 years, using urine collectorsand diapers used for 1 hour, 2 hours and 3 hours and then cultured. Majority of the urine culture from diapers used for 1 hour and 2hours showed the same result with the urine culture from urine collectors. Contamination was found in the urine culture result fromdiapers used for 3 hours. Urine samples from diapers used for 1 hour and 2 hours can be used as samples for urine culture. The techniqueis easy and can be done in children less than 3 years.

BERBAGAI KESALAHAN TATA LANGKAH PEKERJAAN LABORATORIUM KLINIK Prihatini Prihatini
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol 15, No 3 (2009)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v15i3.968

Laboratory procedure errors occurred in some cycle parts during prae-analytic, analytic and post analytic sessions, they must beexcluded and prevented in the process because the outcome would support the diagnosis of diseases also to enhance their confidence.The laboratory works were carried out in the right methods, is suppervised accurately base on haematological, microbiological, clinicalchemistry and immunological standard examinations. Any deviation although the procedure results according the standard one mustbe registered. Laboratory errors revealed must be monitored as the means to reduce errors and to threat them well. Beside it is necessaryto have a good communication between patients, doctors as well as with the laboratory services.

MENGENAL SISTEM PENERANGAN LABORATORIUM/LIS Prihatini Prihatini
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol 14, No 2 (2008)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v14i2.909

Clinical laboratory as a supporting tool to establish diagnostic as well as the efficiency of laboratory results will need on time report,accurate result, and satisfaction of the customer should necessary supported by suitability equipments. Most laboratories using automaticmachine need the assistance of LIS (Laboratory Information System) to enhance good results. To prepare its ready use of these laboratoryinstruments, request orders of the physicians’ should be explicit and content satisfaction of the clinically symptoms as well. The laboratorypersonnel and the supervisor of LIS software should know well how to operate it to match with the other laboratory equipment used.The result of laboratory’s orders should be recorded by LIS and send back to the physicians. In this computerisation world, automationof clinical laboratory is necessary if efficient results are the main need.

DIAGNOSIS LABORATORIK FLU BURUNG (H5N1) B. Mulyadi; Prihatini Prihatini
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol 12, No 2 (2005)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v12i2.848

Pandemic of Avian influenzae (AI) cause outbreak in Asia including in Indonesia. Transmission of virus are caused by direct contactwith avian animals, swine poultry, horses or dogs to human, maybe could also happened between human being. Some victims of AIshowed signs and symptoms of repiratoric failure, such as:progresive respiratoric failure difuse, bilateral, infiltration and like ARDS(=acute respiratoric distress syndrome ). Beside those multiorgan failure which showed signs of renal disfunction, including cardiacdilatation and supraventricular tachyarrythmias.Other complications that may happened including ventilator- associated pneumoniae,pulmonary hemorrhage, pneumothorax, pancytopenia, Reye’s syndrome and sepsis syndrome without documented bacteremia.The illnessbegins abruptly acute, worse and manifested with high fever, myalgias, and non-productive cough frequently present in AI (H5N1)infections. This biblography study, consist of reviewing the screening examination such as serologic assay, exactly assay of viral cultureand RT-PCR. The results of this study may get the information which is sensitive and spesific for diagnosing the disease. In this caseshould be known the neccesity of some assays phases to assist the exact diagnosis of AI. AI disease spreading in poultry or migrationendemic area must be monitored.

KEMAMPUAN UJI TABUNG WIDAL MENGGUNAKAN ANTIGEN IMPORT DAN ANTIGEN LOKAL Puspa Wardhani; Prihatini Prihatini; Probohoesodo M.Y
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol 12, No 1 (2005)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v12i1.838

Despite of its higher specificity than Widal-slide test, Widal-tube test is not widely used by medical laboratories because it is not practical and each laboratory has to produce their own antigens. The Laboratory must have sufficient microbiology equipments and reagents to produce antigens. REMEL® provides ‘ready for use’ antigens to perform Widal-tube test. To Compare and correlate Widal-tube test using REMEL® imported antigens and local antigens (produced by lab. Clinical pathology Dr. Soetomo hospital). The samples were tested by Widal-tube test, using REMEL® and local antigens, comparing Salmonella typhi (ST) O antigen, ST H antigen, S. paratyphi (SP) A H antigen, and SP B H antigen for each method, with twofold dilution from 1/40 until 1/1280. The number of samples was 55. The results are defined as pathologic (above cut-off value) and non pathologic (below cut-off value). REMEL® ST O antigen had a significant correlation to local antigens (r = 0.665, p < 0.01). REMEL® ST H antigen also had a significant correlation to local antigen (r = 0.671, p < 0.01), REMEL® SP B H has no significant correlation to local antigen (r = 0.389, p < 0.01). All samples (55) showed negative results (non pathologic) using SPA H local antigen. When using REMEL® SPA H antigen, 51 were non pathologic and 4 were pathologic. Widal-tube test using REMEL® antigens has significant correlation with local antigens so it might be considered to be used for diagnosing typhoid fever.

GAMBARAN MIKROBIOLOGI ISPA (INFEKSI SALURAN PERNAPASAN ATAS) DI SEKELOMPOK JAMAAH HAJI SURABAYA TAHUN 2004 Prihatini Prihatini
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol 12, No 1 (2005)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v12i1.834

Upper respiratory tract infection usually has been presence on hajj pilgrims after they spent at the holy Mecca. They are known by long duration cough until they were come home. The pilgrims have been given health education how to live in Mecca and Medina before they go to Saudi Arabia and had meningitis vaccination as well. The purpose of this study is to know what the cause of the upper respiratory tract infection. If the pathogens have been found, before departure the infected pilgrims have been given antibiotics to prevent the pilgrimage ceremony to be disturbed.. Regarding the infection problems this study will be done, to give information whether the pathogenic that cause URI is from Indonesia or Saudi Arabia. About 118 people partially from Surabaya’s pilgrims were divided into 1st and 2nd groups (53 and 65 persons). Each group have been examined their pharyngeal swab before the departure to Mecca and after arrival in Surabaya. The samples were kept in transport media, than sent to the Clinical Pathologic Laboratory at Dr Soetomo Hospital. The swab samples were isolated and identificated after the cultivation in the incubator at the laboratory. From the118 pilgrims, only 95 persons completed the laboratory examination before the departure to Mekah and after they arrived in Surabaya. It is found before departure 5 person (5%) contaminated by pathogenic microorganism, four from K. pneumoniae and one A betahemolytic Streptococcus group. After their arrival about 97% have normal flora, but two of them contaminated by Gamma Streptococcus regarding to these results it is concluded that URI may cause by the environment, difference of weather or viral infection origin Because in the town at Saudi Arabia the pilgrim lived together with other peoples which came from various countries of the world.

PERBANDINGAN SEDIAAN BASAH DENGAN SEDIAAN GRAM HAPUSAN SEKRET VAGINA UNTUK DIAGNOSIS BACTERIAL VAGINOSIS P B Notopoero; Prihatini Prihatini
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol 13, No 1 (2006)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v13i1.888

Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a clinical condition with changes in the vaginal ecosystem. Under normal conditions, the vaginalecosystem contains Lactobacilli microflora but in BV condition, it contains mixed microflora ie combination of anaerobic bacteria andGardnerella sp. There are approximately 300 cases of BV a year in the Dr. Soetomo General Hospital. We can examine vaginal fluidmicroscopically to diagnose BV with wet mount and Gram stain method. Wet mount method is fast to do that clinicians can establishthe diagnosis and therapy earlier. Gram stain method is the gold standard method and more common to do in the laboratory but thestaining method can affect the result. This study aims to know the diagnostic value of wet mount method compared with Gram stainmethod for BV. There were 30 subjects from the Gynaecology Outpatient Clinic in the Dr. Soetomo General Hospital. They presentedwith from the leucorrhoea and fullfiled the clinical criteria for BV. We took the vaginal fluid and examined them with wet mount andGram stain microscopy. The percentage of agreement between wet mount and Gram stain method for BV Grade I is 66%, BV grade IIis 66%, BV grade III is 84.6%, and BV grade IV is 100%. The sensitivity of wet mount method is 85.71%, the specificity is 88.88%, thepositive predictive value and negative predictive value are 94.73% and 72.72%. Based on these data, wet mount method can replaceGram stain method to diagnose BV microscopically in the case that there is not enough time and resource for Gram stain. The wet mountmethod has good sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value. Wet mount method has a shortcoming in identifying themicroorganism, but this problem can be solved by combining this method with Gram stain method.

KORELASI ANTARA PERIKSAAN DARAH SAMAR TINJA MENGGUNAKAN ANTI-HEMOGLOBIN MANUSIA DAN PENGAMATAN MIKROSKOPIS Liana Liana; Prihatini Prihatini
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol 13, No 1 (2006)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v13i1.897

Test for occult blood in faeces is an important part of the early detection of colorectal cancer, gastrointestinal bleeding, and anaemia.Colorectal cancer is the second leading cause of cancer deaths in the United States. Immunochemistry method for detection of humanhaemoglobin in faeces has been developed. The advantages of this method are improving analytical sensitivity and specificity, alsoavoiding the dietary restrictions requirement, compared with benzidine test, and guaiacum test. A study was performed to correlate theresult of fecal occult blood by immunochemistry method using anti-human haemoglobin and microscopic examination of red blood cellsin faeces of outpatients in the Clinical Pathology Laboratory, Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya. Faeces of fifty one patients tested for fecaloccult blood were examined by immunochemistry method compared with microscopic examination of red blood cells. Comparison ofthe two methods was done by statistical analysis, Mc Nemar test. The correlation was measured using ROC curve. The results showed acorrelation between immunochemistry method and microscopic examination with average red blood cells (RBC) ≤ 2/hpf, p = 0.008; RBC≥ 3/hpf, p = 0.289. ROC curve showed r = 0.941. In conclusion, a significant correlation between positive results of immunochemistrymethod and microscopic examination with average red blood cells ≥ 3/hpf. Further research using larger and more representativesamples should be carried out.

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