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All Journal Jurnal Teknologi Dan Industri Pangan Jurnal Matematika & Sains JSKK (Jurnal Sains Keolahragaan dan Kesehatan) Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research Jurnal Kefarmasian Indonesia
Slamet Ibrahim
Sekolah Farmasi, Institut Teknologi Bandung
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Health Professions Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Mathematics Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health

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Pembentukan Padatan Semi Kristalin dan Ko-kristal Parasetamol Okky Dwichandra Putra; Ilma Nugrahani; Slamet Ibrahim; Hidehiro Uekusa
Jurnal Matematika & Sains Vol 17, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Bandung

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Penyusunan ulang susunan molekul dalam ruang kisi 3 dimensinya seperti modifikasi bentuk kristal dan ko-kristalisasi diketahui dapat meningkatkan  sifat fisiko kimia dari suatu bahan seperti kelarutan. Parasetamol, antipiretik yang umum digunakan, memiliki sifat agak sukar larut dalam air. Di sisi lain, asam oksalat merupakan bahan yang larut dalam air yang dilaporkan mampu meningkatkan kelarutan senyawa yang sukar larut melalui pembentukan ko-kristal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkarakterisasi profil kristalinitas parasetamol dan asam oksalat setelah peleburan dan pengaruhnya terhadap kelarutan parasetamol. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan terbentuknya puncak endotermik baru di 109,5o dan 152,2o pada Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC)/ Differential Thermal Analyzer (DTA); perubahan spektrum di antara 2,680-2,710 cm-1 dan  835 cm-1 pada Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR), puncak baru pada suhu 2θ = 28o dan 17o pada difraktogram Powder X-Ray Diffractometer (PXRD) yang secara keseluruhan mengindikasikan pembentukan ko-kristal. Selain itu, pengurangan intensitas pada puncak-puncak difraktogram mengindikasikan pembentukan semi kristalin dari parasetamol. Kedua fenomena tersebut menunjukkan peningkatan kelarutan parasetamol dari 12,98 ± 0,03 mg/mL menjadi 130,30 ± 0,03 mg/mL. Kata kunci : Parasetamol, Asam oksalat, Semi kristalin, Ko-kristal.   Semi Chrystaline and Cocrystal  of Paracetamol Formation Abstract Three dimensional of molecular lattice rearrangement such as crystal modification and co-crystallization are known can improve physicochemical properties such as solubility. Paracetamol, a widely used anti pyretic, is slightly soluble in water. In other hand, oxalic acid is a water soluble substance which was reported able to improve the solubility of an insoluble compounds through co-crystal formation. The aim of this research is to characterize the crystallinity profile of paracetamol and oxalic acid after melting and its influence to the solubility of paracetamol. The experiment results showed the appearance of endothermic peaks at 109.5o and 152.2o Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC)/ Differential Thermal Analyzer (DTA); changing of spectra between 2.680-2.710 cm-1 and  835 cm-1 through Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR); and new peaks at 2θ = 28o and 17o Powder X-Ray Diffractometer (PXRD) indicated co-crystal formation. Then, the decreasing of intensity on peaks of diffractogram also indicated the formation of semi crystalline of paracetamol. These phenomena showed improvement of paracetamol solubility from 12,98 ± 0,03 mg/mL to 130,30 ± 0,03 mg/mL. Keywords : Paracetamol, Oxalic acid, Semi crystalline, Co-crystal.
Kristal Biru 2,3 dimetil-N-fenilalanin (DNF) Hasil Interaksi Kimia Padatan Asam Mefenamat dengan Asam Oksalat Ilma Nugrahani; Slamet Ibrahim; Dea Dwi Puspita
Jurnal Matematika & Sains Vol 17, No 3 (2012)
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Bandung

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Salah satu cara untuk memperbaiki sifat fisikokimia suatu bahan aktif farmasi adalah dengan memanfaatkan reaksi kimia, seperti penggaraman dan pembentukan kompleks, atau interaksi fisika, seperti pembuatan dispersi padat yang memanfaatkan campuran eutektikum dan peritektikum, atau pembentukan persenyawaan molekular yang biasa dikenal dengan istilah ko-kristal. Asam mefenamat, suatu obat anti inflamasi non-steroid turunan N-fenil asam antranilat memiliki sifat praktis tidak larut dalam air. Kelarutan dan ketersediaan hayati obat tersebut rendah. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengamati interaksi fisika antara asam mefenamat dengan asam oksalat. Kedua senyawa tersebut memiliki gugus-gugus sinton yang dapat mendasari ikatan hidrogen dan diharapkan dapat membentuk suatu interaksi fisika dan meningkatkan kelarutan dari asam mefenamat. Fenomena interaksi diamati dengan teknik analisis termal Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC),  teknik difraksi dengan sinar X serbuk/Powder X-Ray Diffractometer (PXRD), dan analisis kristal tunggal menggunakan difraksi sinar X kristal tunggal/Single Crystal X-Ray Diffractometer (SCXRD). Analisis dengan Kromatografi Cair Kinerja Tinggi/High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) digunakan untuk melengkapi data identifikasi dan karakterisasi kemungkinan terbentuknya suatu struktur kimia yang baru. Termogram leburan asam mefenamat : asam oksalat dengan perbandingan molar (3:7) menunjukkan puncak endotermik yang berbeda dari campuran fisiknya. Pengamatan organoleptik menunjukkan bahwa rekristalisasi dari leburan pada perbandingan tersebut menghasilkan suatu habit kristal baru berbentuk jarum dengan warna biru. Perubahan termogram DSC dari hasil leburan mengindikasikan terjadinya interaksi pada campuran tersebut. Difraktogram PXRD hasil leburan menunjukkan puncak-puncak difraksi baru pada 2θ : 7,5; 12,5; 17,5; 19, and 24ᵒ. Analisis struktur menggunakan SCXRD mengindikasikan terbentuknya struktur molekul senyawa padatan baru. Senyawa tersebut merupakan suatu struktur asam mefenamat yang kehilangan gugus karboksilat dengan rumus kimia C14H15N dengan nama kimia 2,3 dimetil-N-fenilalanin (DNF). Analisis HPLC menggunakan fase diam ODS C-18 dan fase gerak methanol:aquabidest:asetonitril (11:6:3) dan detektor UV 279 nm menunjukkan bahwa senyawa baru tersebut memiliki sifat kurang polar dengan puncak waktu retensi pada 9,59 menit dibandingkan dengan asam mefenamat yang memiliki puncak waktu retensi 7,56 menit. Dari keseluruhan hasil analisis, disimpulkan bahwa telah terjadi reaksi kimia dalam keadaan padat antara asam mefenamat dengan asam oksalat setelah peleburan. Pada pembentukan DNF, asam oksalat diperkirakan bertindak sebagai katalis pelepasan gugus karboksilat asam mefenamat yang terjadi setelah kedua senyawa dilebur bersama. Kata kunci : Asam mefenamat, Asam oksalat, Interaksi kimia padatan, 2,3 dimetil-N-fenilalanin (DNF).   Blue Crystal 2,3 dimethyl-N-phenylalanin (DNP) as Solid Chemical Interaction of Mefenamic Acid with Oxalic Acid Abstract One of technique to improve physicochemical properties of a solid active pharmaceutical ingredient is to utilize the chemical reaction ie salt formation and complexation; and physical interaction phenomena, ie solid dispersion base on eutecticum or periteticum solid mixture, or molecular compounds formation commonly known as the co-crystal. Mefenamic acid, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug N-phenyl derivative antranilic acid, is insoluble in water. This active ingredient has low solubility in water and low bioavailability. The purpose of this research is to study physical interaction between mefenamic acid with oxalic acid, both of which have alleged xynthone which cold form hydrogen bonds as the basic for the physical interaction. The interaction was observed using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), diffractometry  with Powder X-Ray Diffractometer (PXRD), single crystal analyzed using Single Crystal X-Ray Diffractometer (SCXRD), and detection of new entity with High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). The experimental results showed that the fusion melted of mefenamic acid: oxalic acid in the molar ratio (3:7) resulted in a blue needle crystal, same residues of mefenamic acid and oxalic acid. DSC analysis showed the changes of the thermogram which indicated the interaction between the fusioned mixture. Next, PXRD analysis results showed new diffraction peaks at 2θ : 7,5; 12,5; 17,5; 19, and 24ᵒ.  Further analysis of the single crystal structure using SCXRD identified that blue crystal consists a new chemical and crystal  structure similar to the loss of mefenamic acid carboxylate groups. The compound is C14H15N with a chemical name of 2.3 dimethyl-N-phenylalanine (DNP). HPLC analysis using ODS stationary phase C-18 and a mobile phase of methanol: aquabidest: acetonitrile (11:6:3) and a 279 nm UV detector showed that the new compounds is less polar with the retention time of 9.59 minutes compared to mefenamic acid with peak retention at  7.56 minutes. All of the results proved that chemical interaction occured between the solid phases after co-melting. During the DNP formation, oxalic acid might has function as a catalyst for the release of mefenamic acid carboxylate groups after the melting fusion. Keywords: Mefenamic acid, Oxalic acid, Solids chemical interaction, 2,3 dimethyl-N-phenylalanine (DNP).
Studi Transformasi Hidrat Sefadroksil Monohidrat dan Sefaleksin Monohidrat dengan FTIR Ilma Nugrahani; Slamet Ibrahim; Rachmat Mauludin; Pusparani Krisnamurthi
Jurnal Matematika & Sains Vol 18, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Bandung

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Abstract

Analisis Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR) biasanya digunakan untuk mendeteksi keberadaan hidrat dalam padatan kristal secara kualitatif. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengembangkan metode  FTIR untuk menganalisis keberadaan dan perubahan jumlah/transformasi hidrat sefaleksin monohidrat dan sefadroksil monohidrat baik secara kualitatif maupun kuantitatif. Hasil analisis FTIR dikonfirmasi dengan DSC (Differential Scanning Calorimeter) dan PXRD (Powder Xray Diffractometer) sebagai metode standard analisis padatan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa puncak hidrat dari sefaleksin terlihat pada bilangan gelombang 3386-3586 cm-1, sedangkan puncak hidrat dari sefadroksil terlihat pada bilangan gelombang 3471-3650 cm-1. Pendekatan kuantitatif dilakukan dengan mengukur Area Under Curve (AUC) dari derivat puncak hidrat pada spektra FTIR; kemudian membuat kurva kalibrasi antara AUC dengan kadar padatan dalam pelat KBr. Kurva kalibrasi menghasilkan nilai R=0,9996, sedangkan sefadroksil monohidrat R=0,9995. Selanjutnya transformasi hidrat dari kedua antibiotika dilakukan dengan pengambilan sampel terhadap padatan yang digerus selama 180 menit dan dicuplik setiap 30 menit. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa sefadroksil monohidrat mengalami kehilangan spektra hidrat pada menit ke-180 sedangkan sefaleksin monohidrat pada menit ke-150. Padatan antibiotika hasil penggerusan tersebut kemudian dipaparkan terhadap lembab di dalam desikator dengan kelembaban  RH 71% dan RH 99%, pada suhu 25°C. Hasil analisis FTIR dikonfirmasi dengan DSC dan PXRD menunjukkan bahwa hidrat tidak kembali pada jumlah dan bentuk semula. Keseluruhan data membuktikan bahwa FTIR dapat menganalisis transformasi hidrat sefadroksil monohidrat dan sefaleksin monohidrat dengan ketelitian yang baik. Dengan demikian, FTIR layak menjadi metode alternatif maupun pelengkap untuk menganalisis hidrat dan transformasinya.  Kata kunci : Sefaleksin monohidrat, Sefadroksil monohidrat, Transformasi hidrat, FTIR.   Study of Hydrate Transformation of Cepadroxil Monohydrate and Cepalexin Monohydrate Using FTIR Abstract Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR) generally is used as a qualitative method to detect hydrate in a crystal solid form. The purpose of this research was to develop FTIR method to analyze hydrate and its transformation in cephalexin monohydrate and cefadroxil monohydrate qualitative and quantitatively. Data of FTIR analysis were confirmed with DSC (Differential Scanning Calorimeter) and PXRD (Powder Xray Diffractometer) which have known as standard methods of solid analysis.  The results of this experiment showed that hydrate of cephadroxil spectra was founded at 3386-3586 cm-1 wavenumber, while cephalexin monohydrate at 3471-3650 cm-1. Quantification approach of FTIR’s was performed by measure the AUC (Area under Curve) of the derivative of hydrate spectra and made the calibration curve between AUC versus sample concentration in the KBr plate. The calibration curves showed cephalexin monohydrate linearity value : R=0.9996, while cefadroxil monohydrate had R=0.9995. Hydrate transformation were observed by grinding of APIs for 180 minutes and sample is taken for every 30 minutes for evaluate its hydrate transformation with FTIR. Cefadroxil monohydrate lost its hydrate after 180 minutes and cephalexin monohydrate after 150 minutes of grinding. After that, the grinding samples were exposed to humidity in  desicators with RH: 71 and 99%, at the temperature 25°C. FTIR spectra confirmed by DSC and PXRD showed that both samples cannot rehydrate back to its original amount and form. All of data proved that FTIR can be used as an adequate methods to analyze hydrate transformation of cephadroxil and cephalexin. Finally, FTIR  considered as a proper alternative or complementary analysis instrument for solid state analysis, especially the hydrate and its transformation. Keywords : Cefadroxil monohydrate, Cephalexin monohydrate, Hydrate transformation, FTIR.
Determination of Iodate and Iodide Content in Iodized Salt By Ion Pair High Performance Liquid Chromatography Method Wisnu Cahyadi; Kurnia Firman; Slamet Ibrahim; Embit Kartadarma
Jurnal Teknologi dan Industri Pangan Vol. 15 No. 1 (2004): Jurnal Teknologi dan Industri Pangan
Publisher : Departemen Ilmu dan Teknologi Pangan, IPB Indonesia bekerjasama dengan PATPI

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Abstract

Two species of iodine, i.e. iodide and iodate in commercial iodized salt were determined using ion pair HPLC. From 15 samples analysed, the iodide and iodate content ranged from 24,05 ± 2,51 to 70,25 ± 3,78 ppm and from 31,43 ± 8,10 to 87,59 ± 0,44 ppm, respectively. The method used was found satisfactory in terms of precission, accuracy, sensitivity and selectivity, therefore the method seem acceptable for the determination of iodide and iodate content in iodized salt samples. Key words : Iodine species, determination of iodine species content, and ion-pair HPLC
SENYAWA ASAM 2- METILESTER-1-H-PIROL-4-KARBOKSILAT DALAM EKSTRAK ETIL ASETAT BUAH SALAK VARIETAS BONGKOK SEBAGAI ANTIOKSIDAN DAN ANTIHYPERURICEMIA [Studies on 2-Methylester-1-H-Pyrolle-4-Carboxylic Acid Compound in Ethylacetate Extract of Snake Fruit Var Leni Herliani Afrianti; Elin Yulinah Sukandar; Slamet Ibrahim; I Ketut Adnyana
Jurnal Teknologi dan Industri Pangan Vol. 21 No. 1 (2010): Jurnal Teknologi dan Industri Pangan
Publisher : Departemen Ilmu dan Teknologi Pangan, IPB Indonesia bekerjasama dengan PATPI

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Abstract

The aim of the study was to determine the antioxidant and antihyperuricemia activity of ethyl acetate extract of snake fruit (Salacca edulis Reinw.) var. Bongkok. The research methods used in this study comprised  of three stages. First stage, the isolation processes, consist ed of maceration, fractionation, and purification using several techniques of chromatography. The chemical structures of the isolated compounds were determined based on UV, IR, 1-D NMR, and 2-D NMR spectral data. The ethyl acetate extract of snake fruit var. Bongkok isolated was a new compound 2-methylester-1-H-pyrolle-4- carboxylic acid. In the second stage the antioxidant activity of the extract and the isolated compounds were measured by 1,1 diphenol  (DPPH) method. The antioxidant activity of the extracts and the isolated compounds were expressed as IC50, The ethyl acetate extracts at concentrations of 0.2, 2, 20, 200, 400, and 2000 µg/mL showed inhibition of 9.67, 4.47, 41.89, 96.06, 82.54, and 90.60 % respectively, with an IC50 of 1.6 µg/mL. Ascorbic acid standards at the same concentration range showed an  IC50 of 0.54 µg/mL. Meanwhile, at the same concentrations the 2-methylester-1-H-pyrolle-4-carboxylic acid showed free radical inhibition of 17.48, 21.48, 18.14, 31.87, and 62.34 % respectively, with an  IC50 of 3.27  µg/mL. During the third stage,  the antihyperuricemic properties of the extracts and the isolated compound were examinated in vitro using inhibition of xanthin oxidase method. The ethyl acetate extracts at concentrations of 0.01, 0.02, 0.2, 2, and 2000  µg/mL showed xanthin oxidase inhibition of 49.24, 49.58, 50.28 and 52.26 % respectively, with an  IC50 of 24.75 µg/mL. At the same concentrations, the 2-methylester-1-H-pyrolle-4- carboxylic acid, showed xanthin oxidase inhibition of 27.7, 30.5, 37.3, 50.27 and 50.55 % respectively, with an IC50 of 48.86 µg/mL.  Allopurinol as a standard drug showed an IC50 of 0.92 µg/mL.
KROMATOGRAFI CAIR KINERJA TINGGI UNTUK ANALISIS SENYAWA DIURETIK YANG DISALAHGUNAKAN SEBAGAI DOPING DALAM URIN Saeful Amin; Amir Mursadad; Slamet Ibrahim
JSKK (Jurnal Sains Keolahragaan dan Kesehatan) Vol 1 No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/jskk.2016.1.2.1

Abstract

Hidroklorotiazid, furosemid, dan spironolakton sering disalahgunakan sebagai doping dalam olahraga. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan metode simultan penentuan hidroklorotiazid, furosemid, dan spironolaktonmenggunakan teknik analisis kromatografi cair kinerja tinggi (KCKT). Analit diekstraksi dari urin dengan metode ekstraksi cair-cair lalu dianalisis secara KCKT elusi landaian. Pengembangan metode mencakup validasi metode melalui pengujian linieritas, presisi, akurasi, batas deteksi dan kuantisasi, serta ketegaran metode. Sistem KCKT untuk penentuan simultan analit menggunakan kolom C18, dengan laju alir 1 mL/menit, fase gerak asetonotrildapar fosfat pH 3, sistem elusi landaian, dan detektor 229 nm. Metodeini menunjukkan hubungan yang linier antara area under the curve (AUC) dan konsentrasi analit dengan koefisien korelasi  0,999 dengan koefisien variasi fungsi regresi ï‚£ 2,6%, sertabatas deteksi dan kuantisasi masing-masing sebesar ï‚£ 0,5 dan ï‚£ 1,9 ppm. Keterulangan AUC ditunjukkan dengan nilai KV ï‚£ 0,95%, dan keterulangan waktu retensi dengan nilai KVï‚£ 0,14%. Metode ini menunjukkan perolehan kembali  98,6%. Uji ketegaran metode menunjukkan bahwa perubahan laju alir ± 0,1 mL/menit dan pH dapar fosfat ± 0,2 tidak berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadapperolehan semua analit. Namun demikian perubahan panjang gelombang pada kisaran ± 2 nm berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap perolehan kembali hidroklorotiazid dan spironolakton tetapi tidak untuk furosemid.Berdasarkan hasil pengujian secara keseluruhan dapat disimpulkan bahwa metode simultan penentuan hidroklorotiazid, furosemid, dan spironolakton secara KCKT telah berhasil didapatkan serta mampu memenuhi kriteria validasi metode analisis.
Synthesis and Characterization Molecularly Imprinted Polymers for Analysis of Dimethylamylamine Using Acrylamide as Monomer Functional Saeful Amin; Sophi Damayanti; Slamet Ibrahim
Jurnal Kefarmasian Indonesia VOLUME 8, NOMOR 2, AGUSTUS 2018
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Biomedis dan Teknologi Dasar Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (334.25 KB) | DOI: 10.22435/jki.v8i2.330

Abstract

A selective separation techniques with Molecularly Imprinted Polymer (MIP) for High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) has been developed for the assay of Dimethylamylamine (DMAA) doping compounds. Molecular imprinted polymer (MIP) is a technique to produce a polymer having the cavity due to the disposal of the templates, in which the cavity serves to recognize the molecules of the same size, structure, chemical and physical properties. The selectivity and affinity of the templates itself will increase, while the concentration value is increasing. MIP is made by DMAA as template, acrylamide as functional monomer, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) as cross linking, azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as the initiator and chloroform as a porogen solvent; using bulk method. The aim of research are conduct the MIP for the DMAA compound analysis, then the formed MIP is characterized by using Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) to find out the polymer complexes formed and the morphological form of the MIP. The MIP formed then was analyzed by using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) to know the amount of the DMAA, the adsorption capacity, and the adsorption condition found in the MIP. The result of analysis on the content of DMAA in the MIP by using UV-Vis Spectrophotometer is 1.957 mg. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) shows that the MIP has irregular and rough morphological structure; while the NIP has irregular morphology structures and smooth surfaces shape
Zingiber officinale var. Rubrum Reduces the Rate of Prostaglandin Production Fauzan Fikri; Nyi M. Saptarini; Jutti Levita; As'ari Nawawi; Abdul Mutalib; Slamet Ibrahim
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research Vol 1, No 1
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (594.225 KB) | DOI: 10.15416/pcpr.v1i1.15200

Abstract

In Indonesia, red ginger (Zingiber officinale var. Rubrum) is usually used as topical pain reducer by directly applying the fresh rhizome. The aim of this research was to provide information regarding the pharmacological activity of Z. officinale var. Rubrum rhizome infusion on the rate of prostaglandin production. The Z. officinale var. Rubrum rhizome used in this research was purchased from Research Institute for Spices and Medicinal Plants (Balittro) Manoko Lembang, West Java, Indonesia. This research was conducted by applying TMPD (N,N,N’,N’-tetramethyl-p-phenylendiamine) as the reagent. COX-1 and COX-2 enzyme inhibitory activity can be seen from TMPD chromogenic changes that occur during PGG2 reduction to PGH2. Phytochemical screening showed that flavonoid, quinone, and monoterpenoid/sesquiterpenoid were detected in both dried rhizomes and the water extract. Three spots were detected on thin-layer chromatography system which employing chloroform-methanol (5:5) as the eluent. The rate of prostaglandin formations either by Z. officinale var. Rubrum rhizome infusion or acetylsalicylic acid on COX-1 is slower (at 25th minutes) rather than COX-2 (5th minutes). We concluded that the rhizome of Z. officinale var. Rubrum reduces the rate of prostaglandin production. The rhizome of red ginger reduces the rate of prostaglandin production, which is slower in COX-1 than in COX-2. This plant could be further developed as anti-inflammatory drug candidate.Keywords: acetosal, antiinflammation, cyclooxygenase, NSAIDs, red ginger
Inhibitory Activity of Andrographolide and Andrograpanin on the Rate of PGH2 Formation Sri A. Sumiwi; Eli Halimah; Nyi M. Saptarini; Jutti Levita; As'ari Nawawi; Abdul Mutalib; Slamet Ibrahim
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research Vol 1, No 3
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (303.747 KB) | DOI: 10.15416/pcpr.v1i3.15246

Abstract

Cyclooxygenase (COX) or prostaglandin H2 synthase (PGHS) catalyzes the conversion of arachidonic acid into prostaglandins. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) work by inhibiting both COX-1 and COX-2 isoforms, thus disturbing this reaction. In Indonesia, Andrographis paniculata (local name: sambiloto), is empirically used to reduce inflammation by consuming the herb tea of this plant. This work studied the inhibitory activity of andrographolide and andrograpanin, diterpenoids of the plant, on the rate of prostaglandin formation. Previous works have proven that andrographolide inhibited PGE2 production in LPS-induced human fibroblast cells. This study was performed by measuring the absorbance of TMPD (tetramethyl-p-phenyldiamine) oxidized by andrographolide and andrograpanin. Acetosal was used as a control drug. The rate of PGH2 formations on either COX-1 or COX- 2 was affected by andrographolide and andrograpanin. Andrographolide and andrograpanin interact longer with COX-1 than COX-2. Andrographolide shows weak inhibition on the rate of PGH2 formation, whilst andrograpanin might be further developed for potential antiinflammatory drugs.Keywords: Andrographis paniculata, anti-inflammatory, COX, cyclooxygenase, prostaglandin
Co-Authors Abdul Mutalib Amir Mursadad As'ari Nawawi Dea Dwi Puspita Eli Halimah Elin Yulinah Sukandar Embit Kartadarma Fauzan Fikri Hidehiro Uekusa I Ketut Adnyana Ilma Nugrahani Jutti Levita Kurnia Firman Leni Herliani Afrianti Nyi M. Saptarini Nyi M. Saptarini Okky Dwichandra Putra Pusparani Krisnamurthi Rachmat Mauludin Saeful Amin Saeful Amin, Saeful Sophi Damayanti Sri A. Sumiwi Wisnu Cahyadi