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All Journal Paramita: Historical Studies Journal MIMBAR PENDIDIKAN Panggung Tawarikh : Journal of Historical Studies Paradigma: Jurnal Kajian Budaya
Kunto Sofianto
Fakultas Ilmu Budaya, Universitas Padjadjaran
Arts Humanities Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Library & Information Science Social Sciences

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REKONSTRUKSI KERAJAAN GALUH ABAD VIII-XV Lubis, Nina Herlina; Muhzin Z., Mumuh; Sofianto, Kunto; Mahzuni, Dade; Widyonugrohanto, Widyonugrohanto; Mulyadi, R.M.; Darsa, Undang Ahmad
Paramita: Historical Studies Journal Vol 26, No 1 (2016): PARAMITA
Publisher : History Department, Semarang State University and Historian Society of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/paramita.v26i1.5142

Abstract

The title of this research is Reconstruction of Galuh Kingdom in 8th-15thcentury. Issue that will be studied is how to unravel the location of the capital and palace shape of Galuh Kingdom. To answer the issue is used the historical method which consists of four steps, namely heuristic, criticism, interpretation, and historiography. Result of this research is that the existence of Galuh Kingdom is a history, not a myth. Historical sources which support the many arguments of its existence including inscriptions, foreign news, ancient manuscripts, social facts and mental facts. In addition, the life of its existence as long as eight centuries shows that Galuh Kingdom is not just existent but also strong because it is supported by a variety of solid and coherent system. Concerning about the location of capital and shape of the Kingdom , it still needs to explore further. Judul penelitian ini adalah Rekonstruksi Galuh Raya di abad ke-8-15. Masalah yang akan dipelajari adalah bagaimana mengungkap lokasi dari bentuk modal dan istana Kerajaan Galuh. Untuk menjawab masalah tersebut digunakan metode sejarah yang terdiri dari empat langkah, yaitu heuristik, kritik, interpretasi, dan historiografi. Hasil penelitian ini adalah bahwa keberadaan Kerajaan Galuh adalah sejarah, bukan mitos. Sumber-sumber sejarah yang mendukung banyak argumen keberadaannya termasuk prasasti, berita asing, naskah kuno, fakta sosial dan fakta mental. Selain itu, kehidupan keberadaannya selama delapan abad menunjukkan bahwa Kerajaan Galuh tidak hanya ada tapi juga kuat karena didukung oleh berbagai sistem yang solid dan koheren. Mengenai tentang lokasi ibukota dan bentuk Kerajaan, masih perlu untuk menjelajahi lebih lanjut. 
THE POLITICS OF THE SUNDANESE KINGDOM ADMINISTRATION IN KAWALI-GALUH Widyonugrahanto, Widyonugrahanto; Lubis, Nina Herlina; Muhzin Z., Mumuh; Mahzuni, Dede; Sofianto, Kunto; Mulyadi, R.M.; Darsa, Undang Ahmad
Paramita: Historical Studies Journal Vol 27, No 1 (2017): PARAMITA
Publisher : History Department, Semarang State University and Historian Society of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/paramita.v27i1.9187

Abstract

The focus of the study is the politics of the Sundanese Kingdom administration during a period when the power was centered in Kawali-Galuh. Astana Gede Kawali is a historical site that used to be the center of the Sundanese kingdom as solidly proven by the existence of a number of remaining historical plaques found in the site.  The study employed a four-step historical method that involved heuristics, criticism, interpretation, and historiography. The main concept underlying the study is Montesquieu’s Division of Power, also known as the Trias Politica. In general, the politics of the Sundanese kingdom administration remained unchanged despite the shifts of the administrative center to Galuh, Kawali, and Pakuan. The Sundanese kingdoms actually adopted a unique concept called Tri Tangtu di Buana, according to which administrative power was distributed triadically among Prebu, Rama, and Resi. The concept of Tri Tangtu Buana is similar to that of Montesquieu’s Trias Politica, which is commonly adopted by today’s modern states. Penelitian ini adalah tentang politik pemerintahan Kerajaan Sunda ketika kekuasaan berpusat di Kawali-Galuh. Astana Gede Kawali adalah salah satu situs peninggalan bersejarah yang merupakan bekas pusat pemerintahan Kerajaan Sunda Kawali-Galuh. Beberapa prasasti tentang Kerajaan Sunda yang ditemukan disana adalah bukti keras tentang itu. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Metode Sejarah yang didalamnya terdapat empat tahapan yaitu Heuristik, Kritik, Interpretasi dan Historiografi. Konsep yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Konsep Pembagian Kekuasaan Montesquieu yang terkenal dengan namaTrias Politica. Politik pemerintahan dalam kerajaan Sunda pada umumnya adalah sama walaupun pusat pemerintahannya berpindah pindah dari Galuh, Kawali dan Pakuan. Pemerintahan Kerajaan Sunda memiliki kekhasannya tersendiri dengan konsepnya Tri Tangtu di Buana yang didalamnya membagi kekuasaan pemerintahan dalam Prebu-Rama-Resi.Tri Tangtu di Buana ini memiliki kemiripan dengan pembagian kekuasaan yang terkenal dengan sebutan Trias Politica dari Montesquieu yang sekarang banyak digunakan dalam negara modern. 
Mirza Ghulam Ahmad: Founder of the Ahmadiyya Muslim from Qadian, India Sofianto, Kunto
TAWARIKH Vol 7, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : ASPENSI in Bandung, Indonesia

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Abstract

ABSTRACT: This writing discusses the background of Mirza Ghulam Ahmad founded Ahmadiyya  and the response of Indian people at that time. Ahmadiyya was founded by Mirza Ghulam Ahmad in the city of Ludhiana, India, in 1889. He was born on 13th February 1835 in Qadian, India, and died in the city of Lahore, India, on 26th May 1908. At the end of 1890, Mirza Ghulam Ahmad claimed to be “Imam Mahdi” and “Al-Masih” (Messiah) promised by the Prophet Muhammad to revive Islam and enforcing Islamic law at the end of time. Recognition of Mirza Ghulam Ahmad as “Imam Mahdi” and Messiah is a revelation which he admits received from God, as well as the “Prophet” (for Qadianism) and “Mujaddid” (for Lahoreism) is the core ideology of Ahmadiyya. At the beginning of his activities in India, Mirza Ghulam Ahmad was accepted by the Muslims in general as “mujaddid”. However, after he claimed to receive revelations and had been appointed by God as the “Mahdi” and Messiah, and even claimed to be a “Prophet”, then, many Muslims opposed it. The ulemas in India also imposed infidel to Mirza Ghulam Ahmad and his followers. Mirza Ghulam Ahmad and his followers were downed on and isolated by the Muslims in general, because they were stipulated as astray and out of Islam. The conclusion of this writing is that although Ahmadiyya considered astray and infidel, but Ahmadiyya continues to grow and expands to all corners of the world, and now the movement is international. KEY WORDS: Mirza Ghulam Ahmad, Islam, Ahmadiyya community, revelation, astray, and infidel.About the Author: Kunto Sofianto, Ph.D. is a Senior Lecturer at the History Department, Faculty of Art and Humanities UNPAD (Padjadjaran University) Bandung, Jalan Raya Bandung-Sumedang Km.21, Jatinangor, Sumedang, West Java, Indonesia. For academic interests, the author is able to be reached via e-mail at: ksofianto@yahoo.comHow to cite this article? Sofianto, Kunto. (2016). “Mirza Ghulam Ahmad: Founder of the Ahmadiyya Muslim from Qadian, India” in TAWARIKH: International Journal for Historical Studies, Vol.7(2) April, pp.183-200. Bandung, Indonesia: Minda Masagi Press and UIN SGD Bandung, ISSN 2085-0980.Chronicle of the article: Accepted (March 3, 2016); Revised (March 25, 2016); and Published (April 28, 2016).
Seni Pertunjukan Sintren di Kabupaten Indramayu dalam Perspektif Historis Nurlelasari, Dini; Herlina, Nina H; Sofianto, Kunto
PANGGUNG Vol 27, No 1 (2017): Pergeseran Dimensi Estetik dalam Teknik, Pragmatik, Filsafat, dan Imagi
Publisher : LP2M ISBI Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26742/panggung.v27i1.229

Abstract

ABSTRACT This paper is a description of sintren performing arts in Indramayu. The purpose this study was to determine how the deployment sintren performing arts and how the function changes from historical perspective. The method used is historical method. The results showed that sintren developed in North Coast of Java and Central Java, West Java, including Indramayu. Sintren functions from time to time is change. It is influenced by several factors, religious (culture), political, and economic. First sintren is sacred ritual. When Islam came turned into an entertainment that contains a moral message as media propaganda. In the colonial period sintren remain as an entertainment that serves as a medium of political resistance against the colonial government. Until now sintren as entertainment but be affected by economic factors in order to keep the public preferred. Therefore, at this time shows sintren modified with modern songs.Key Words: Sintren, Indramayu, dissemination, historicalABSTRAK Tulisan ini deskripsi tentang seni pertunjukan sintren di Indramayu. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana penyebaran seni pertunjukan sintren dan bagaimana perubahan fungsinya dalam perspektif historis. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode sejarah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sintren berkembang di Pesisir Utara Jawa serta Jawa Tengah sebelah barat dan Jawa Barat sebelah timur, termasuk daerah Indramayu. Fungsi sintren dari masa ke masa terus berubah. Hal ini dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor yaitu faktor agama (budaya), politik, dan ekonomi. Pada awalnya sintren merupakan sarana ritual yang sakral. Ketika Islam datang berubah menjadi sarana hiburan yang mengandung pesan moral sebagai media dakwah. Pada masa kolonial sintren tetap sebagai sarana hiburan yang berfungsi sebagai media politik perlawanan terhadap pemerintah kolonial. Hingga saat ini sintren sebagai hiburan namun terpengaruh oleh faktor ekonomi agar tetap disukai masyarakat. Oleh karena itu, saat ini pertunjukan sintren dimodifikasi dengan lagu-lagu modern.Kata Kunci: Sintren, Indramayu, penyebaran, historis
THE POSITION OF RAILWAY LINES AND RAILWAY STATIONS IN PRIANGAN URBAN SPATIAL PLANNING IN THE 19TH TO 20TH CENTURIES Falah, Miftahul; Herlina, Nina; Muhsin, Mumuh; Sofianto, Kunto
Paramita: Historical Studies Journal Vol 28, No 1 (2018): PARAMITA
Publisher : History Department, Semarang State University and Historian Society of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/paramita.v28i1.12414

Abstract

In relation to urban spatial planning, it is thought-provoking and substantial to study the development of railway lines and stations in Priangan in the 19th to 20th century. The issues discussed in this research are how to build a railway line when it had to pass through urban areas? And how to locate a railway station in order to be easily accessed from all corners of the city without disrupting the users of land transportation routes. To examine the issues, a historical study is conducted by employing historical method comprising heuristics, criticism, interpretation, and historiography. The result of the research demonstrates that the railway line passing through the urban areas was built in the areas with hardly any settlements; and in big cities, a bridge (viaduct) was specially built for a railway line in order not to obstruct the land transportation routes. The railway line, however, was not too far from the city center, so the railway station was built in a location easily accessible from and to all the corners of the city. Dalam kaitannya dengan tata ruang kota, pembangunan jalur dan stasiun kereta api di Priangan pada abad XIX-XX penting dan menarik untuk dikaji. Permasalahannya  adalah bagaimana jalur kereta api dibangun ketika harus melewati kawasan perkotaan?, dan bagaimana penempatan stasiun kereta api sehingga dapat dijangkau dan menjangkau seluruh pelosok kota tanpa mengganggu pengguna jalur transportasi darat? Untuk menjawab permasalahan tersebut, dilakukan penelitian sejarah dengan menerapkan metode sejarah yang meliputi empat tahap, yakni heuristik, kritik, interpretasi, dan historiografi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jalur kereta api yang melewati kawasan perkotaan dibangun di kawasan yang masih jarang pemukiman dan di kota besar dibuatkan jembatan (viaduct) sehingga tidak mengganggu jalur transportasi darat. Namun demikian, jalur tersebut tidak terlalu jauh dari pusat kota sehingga stasiun kereta api dibangun di suatu lokasi agar dengan mudah dapat dijangkau dari dan ke pelosok kota.
EXISTENCE OF SHIA IN INDONESIA BETWEEN TRADITION AND POWER OF GOVERNMENT Iryana, Wahyu; Lubis, Nina Herlina; Zakaria, Mumuh Muhsin; Sofianto, Kunto
Paramita: Historical Studies Journal Vol 28, No 2 (2018): PARAMITA
Publisher : History Department, Semarang State University and Historian Society of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/paramita.v28i2.12912

Abstract

The Shia movement in Indonesia until now still exists. Thus, the raised question is why Shia can exist in Indonesia. The formulation of the problem in this study is what traditions can make Shia exist until now? What is the concept of leadership in Shia? What are the Shia tactical organizations to drive Shia? The research method used is historical research methods, namely doing data collection (heuristics), selecting data (criticism), reviewing and analyzing (interpretation), and writing history (historiography). The results of the study can be concluded that the traditions often carried out by Shiites including Ahlulbait, Al-Bada', Ashura, Imamah, ‘Ishmuh, Mahdawiyah, Marja'iyah, Raj'ah, Taqiyah, Tawasul, Tawalli and Tabarri. Leadership theory in Islam, in essence the theory of leadership or power in Islam has two different conceptions, the first, the conception of Imammah (leadership according to Shia specifically Sy'ah Imammah) and second, the conception of the caliph (leadership according to Sunni (Ahussunnah Wal Jamaah). The largest Shia tactical organizations in Indonesia are IJABI and ABI. Gerakan Syiah di Indonesia hingga saat ini masih ada. Dengan demikian, pertanyaan yang diajukan adalah mengapa Syiah bisa ada di Indonesia. Rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah tradisi apa yang dapat membuat Syiah tetap ada sampai sekarang? Apa konsep kepemimpinan di Syiah? Apa organisasi taktis Syiah untuk mendorong Syiah? Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian sejarah, yaitu melakukan pengumpulan data (heuristik), memilih data (kritik), mengkaji dan menganalisis (interpretasi), dan menulis sejarah (historiografi). Hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa tradisi-tradisi sering dilakukan oleh kaum Syiah termasuk Ahlulbait, Al-Bada ', Ashura, Imamah,' Ishmuh, Mahdawiyah, Marja'iyah, Raj'ah, Taqiyah, Tawasul, Tawalli dan Tabarri. Teori kepemimpinan dalam Islam, pada intinya teori kepemimpinan atau kekuasaan dalam Islam memiliki dua konsepsi yang berbeda, yang pertama, konsepsi Imammah (kepemimpinan menurut Syiah khusus Sy'ah Imammah) dan kedua, konsepsi khalifah (kepemimpinan menurut Sunni (Ahussunnah Wal Jamaah). Organisasi taktis terbesar di Indonesia adalah IJABI dan ABI. 
REKONSTRUKSI KERAJAAN GALUH ABAD VIII-XV Lubis, Nina Herlina; Muhzin Z., Mumuh; Sofianto, Kunto; Mahzuni, Dade; Widyonugrohanto, Widyonugrohanto; Mulyadi, R.M.; Darsa, Undang Ahmad
Paramita: Historical Studies Journal Vol 26, No 1 (2016): PARAMITA
Publisher : History Department, Semarang State University and Historian Society of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/paramita.v26i1.5142

Abstract

The title of this research is Reconstruction of Galuh Kingdom in 8th-15thcentury. Issue that will be studied is how to unravel the location of the capital and palace shape of Galuh Kingdom. To answer the issue is used the historical method which consists of four steps, namely heuristic, criticism, interpretation, and historiography. Result of this research is that the existence of Galuh Kingdom is a history, not a myth. Historical sources which support the many arguments of its existence including inscriptions, foreign news, ancient manuscripts, social facts and mental facts. In addition, the life of its existence as long as eight centuries shows that Galuh Kingdom is not just existent but also strong because it is supported by a variety of solid and coherent system. Concerning about the location of capital and shape of the Kingdom , it still needs to explore further. Judul penelitian ini adalah Rekonstruksi Galuh Raya di abad ke-8-15. Masalah yang akan dipelajari adalah bagaimana mengungkap lokasi dari bentuk modal dan istana Kerajaan Galuh. Untuk menjawab masalah tersebut digunakan metode sejarah yang terdiri dari empat langkah, yaitu heuristik, kritik, interpretasi, dan historiografi. Hasil penelitian ini adalah bahwa keberadaan Kerajaan Galuh adalah sejarah, bukan mitos. Sumber-sumber sejarah yang mendukung banyak argumen keberadaannya termasuk prasasti, berita asing, naskah kuno, fakta sosial dan fakta mental. Selain itu, kehidupan keberadaannya selama delapan abad menunjukkan bahwa Kerajaan Galuh tidak hanya ada tapi juga kuat karena didukung oleh berbagai sistem yang solid dan koheren. Mengenai tentang lokasi ibukota dan bentuk Kerajaan, masih perlu untuk menjelajahi lebih lanjut. 
Arti Penting Situs Astana Gede di Kabupaten Ciamis bagi Masyarakat Jawa Barat Sofianto, Kunto; Falah, Miftahul
MIMBAR PENDIDIKAN Vol 5, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17509/mimbardik.v5i1.24149

Abstract

 ABSTRAKSI: Tulisan ini membahas simbol dan identitas Kabupaten Ciamis di Jawa Barat, Indonesia, terutama berkenaan dengan situs “Astana Gede” (Makam Besar). Situs itu sangat penting untuk dipelihara agar jatidiri masyarakat Jawa Barat tidak tergerus oleh arus globalisasi yang semakin kuat. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode sejarah yang terdiri dari empat tahap, yaitu: heuristik, kritik, interpretasi, dan historiografi. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa situs “Astana Gede”, yang pernah menjadi pusat kekuasaan Kerajaan Galuh pada masa Prabu Wastu Kancana (1371-1475), merupakan simbol dan identitas bagi masyarakat Ciamis. Pada masa sekarang, hal yang sangat dikhawatirkan adalah masyarakat Kabupaten Ciamis kurang paham mengenai arti penting eksistensi situs “Astana Gede”. Ada tiga faktor yang harus difahami masyarakat, yaitu faktor bangunan, ruang, dan rasa memiliki. Ketiga faktor itu harus dipelihara dan diimplementasikan oleh generasi penerus agar dapat memiliki pengetahuan tentang situs “Astana Gede” dan para pendahulunya. Hal itu juga, pada akhirnya, agar generasi muda dapat membangun dirinya dalam berbagai aspek di masa sekarang dan di masa yang akan datang. KATA KUNCI: Simbol; Identitas; Situs Astana Gede; Kerajaan Galuh; Masyarakat Ciamis dan Jawa Barat.ABSTRACT: “The Significance of Astana Gede Site in Ciamis Regency for West Java People”. This article discusses the symbols and identity of Ciamis Regency in West Java, Indonesia, especially with regard to the site of “Astana Gede” (Large Tomb). The site is very important to be maintained so that the identity of West Java people could not be eroded by globalization which is getting stronger. The research method used in this study is the historical method that consist of four steps, namely: heuristics, criticism, interpretation, and historiography. The findings show that  “Astana Gede” site, as once a center of  Galuh Kingdom power in the time of King Wastu Kancana (1371-1475), is a symbol and identity of Ciamis people. Nowadays, it is very concerned that the people of Ciamis Regency has short on knowledge significance of “Astana Gede” site existence. There three factors that must be understood by the people, namely buildings factor, space, and  sense of belonging. These three factors must be maintained and implemented by the next generation so that may have knowledge of the “Astana Gede” site and their predecessors. It is also, finally, in order the younger generations are able to develop themselves in various aspects in the present and in the future.KEY WORD: Symbol; Identity; Astana Gede Site; Galuh Kingdom; People of Ciamis and West Java.  About the Authors:  Kunto Sofianto, Ph.D. adalah Dosen Senior pada Program Studi Sejarah FIB UNPAD (Fakultas Ilmu Budaya, Universitas Padjadjaran) Bandung; dan Dr. Miftahul Falah adalah Dosen Junior pada Program Studi Sejarah FIB UNPAD Bandung, Jalan Raya Bandung-Sumedang Km. 21 Jatinangor, Sumedang, Jawa Barat, Indonesia. Alamat emel: kunto.sofianto@unpad.ac.id dan miftahul.falah@unpad.ac.id Suggested Citation: Sofianto, Kunto Miftahul Falah. (2020). “Arti Penting Situs Astana Gede di Kabupaten Ciamis bagi Masyarakat Jawa Barat” in MIMBAR PENDIDIKAN: Jurnal Indonesia untuk Kajian Pendidikan, Volume 5(1), March, pp.15-36. Bandung, Indonesia: UPI [Indonesia University of Education] Press, ISSN 2527-3868 (print) and 2503-457X (online). Article Timeline: Accepted (December 27, 2019); Revised (February 9, 2020); and Published (March 30, 2020).
Representasi Sipil-Militer dan Konstruksi Maskulinitas pada Film Jenderal Soedirman (2015) Budiman, Hary Ganjar; Sofianto, Kunto
Paradigma: Jurnal Kajian Budaya
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Jenderal Soedirman (2015) is a historical film that reveals the story of General Soedirman during the guerrilla war to maintain the Indonesia’s independence. The film was sponsored directly by the army (Kartika Eka Paksi Foundation and TNI) and involved the army in its making process. Therefore, the historical representation of this film is a history from the army’s point of view. Referring to Gramsci, a film can be seen as a hegemonic apparatus that contributes to the process of negotiating the interests of dominant groups. This study attempted to elaborate such representations of civil-military relationships and masculinity construction contained in Jenderal Soedirman. It used a qualitative approach and employed the encoding/decoding paradigm proposed by Stuart Hall. The results showed that the civil-military relationships in this film were mostly dominated by military roles. Masculinity in this film was formed by combining the concept of “Kiai” (Muslim clerics) and military patriotism wrapped in Islamic expressions.
Co-Authors Budiman, Hary Ganjar Dade Mahzuni Dede Mahzuni, Dede Dini Nurlelasari, Dini Miftahul Falah Mumuh Muhsin Zakaria Mumuh Muhzin Z., Mumuh Nina H Herlina, Nina H Nina Herlina Nina Herlina Lubis R.M. Mulyadi Undang Ahmad Darsa, Undang Ahmad Wahyu Iryana Widyo Nugrahanto Widyonugrohanto Widyonugrohanto, Widyonugrohanto