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All Journal HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia Buletin Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat Buletin Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat
SYAFRIDA MANUWOTO
Institut Pertanian Bogor
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Earth & Planetary Sciences

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Physiological Response of Crocidolomia pavonana to the Calophyllum soulattri Active Fraction EDY SYAHPUTRA; DJOKO PRIJONO; DADANG DADANG; SYAFRIDA MANUWOTO; LATIFAH KOSIM DARUSMAN
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 13 No. 1 (2006): March 2006
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (40.314 KB) | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.13.1.7

Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate the physiological response of the cabbage head caterpillar Crocidolomia pavonana treated with an active fraction of Calophyllum soulattri bark extract. Extraction of the test plant materials were performed with maceration method using methanol, continued by counter-current distribution separation in ethylacetate and water. Methanol fractionation of C. soulattri was performed by vaccuum liquid chromatography and the bioassays were conducted by a leaf-feeding method. The results showed that the dichloromethane fraction of C. soulattri had strong insecticidal activity against C. pavonana larvae, with LC50 of 0.05%. Sublethal treatments with the active fraction at LC15, LC50, and LC85 reduced the relative growth rate of the fourth instars by 48.9-94.1%. The treatments with the fraction at LC15 and LC50 to the fourth instars reduced the activity of invertase and protease enzyme by 20.7-24.1 and 14.4-25.14%, respectively, but increased the activity of trehalase by 26.7-120% as compared with controls. Key words: Physiological response, Crocidolomia pavonana, Calophyllum soulattri, botanical insecticide
Spatial Analysis of Agricultural Landscape and Hymenoptera Biodiversity at Cianjur Watershed YAHER WANDI; SYAFRIDA MANUWOTO; DAMAYANTI BUCHORI; PURNAMA HIDAYAT; LILIK BUDIPRASETYO
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 13 No. 4 (2006): December 2006
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (194.536 KB) | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.13.4.137

Abstract

Hymenoptera is one of the four largest insect order (the other three are Coleoptera, Diptera, and Lepidoptera). There are curerently over 115 000 described Hymenoptera species. It is clear that Hymenoptera is one of the major components of insect biodiversity. However, Hymenoptera biodiversity is affected by ecology, environment, and ecosystem management. In an agricultural areas, the spatial structure, habitat diversity, and habitat composition may vary from cleared landscapes to structurally rich landscape. Thus, it is very likely that such large-scale spatial patterns (landscape effects) may influence local biodiversity and ecological functions. Therefore, the objective of this research were to study diversity and configuration elements of agricultural landscapes at Cianjur Watershed with geographical information sytems (GIS) and its influence on Hymenoptera biodiversity. The structural differences between agricultural landscapes of Nyalindung, Gasol, and Selajambe were characterized by patch analyst with ArcView 3.2 of digital land use data. Results indicated that class of land uses of Cianjur Watershed landscape were housing, mixed gardens, talun and rice, vegetable, and corn fields. Landscape structure influenced the biodiversity of Hymenoptera. Species richness and the species diversity were higher in Nyalindung landscape compare to Gasol and Selajambe landscape. Key words: diversity, Hymenoptera, landscape, watershed, GIS
Mekanisme dan Faktor Kimia yang Mendasari Resistensi Beberapa Varietas Padi Terhadap Wereng Batang Coklat Nilaparvata Lugens Stal (Homoptera: Delphacidae) Syafrida Manuwoto; Hendra Adijuwana
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia Vol. 1 No. 1 (1991): Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia
Publisher : Institut Pertanian Bogor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

The brown planthopper (BPH) Nilparvata lugens Stal (Homoptera: Delphacidae) is one of the most important rice pest in Indonesia. Integrated pest management (IPM) is the only way of controlling the BPH. The use of resistant varieties is an important component of IPM. The development of BPH biotypes and agricultural practises cause the resistant varieties become susceptible in only 4-6 growing seasons. Understanding BPH - rice plant interactions are necesary. This greenhouse and laboratory studies were to unravel the mechanism and plant chemicals that might play a role in rice plant resistance of selected rice varieties: Cisadane, IR36, IR48, IR64, IR56, Kelara, and Bahbutong. Pelita I-I was used as susceptible check. The BPH colony originating from catches in 1986 in Yogyakarta was used in this study. Various experiments were carried out: evaluation of plant damage, the preference of BPH for feeding and ovaiposition, and population development study. The plants contens of protein, amino acids, water, potassium, calcium, and silica were measured. The mechanism of plant resistance to BPH on IR36, IR48, IR56, IR64, Kelara, and Bahbutong were identified as non-preference and antibiosis. The antibiosis mechanism was more prominent in IR48 and Bahbutong. The plant content of protein, potassium, calcium, and silica may take part in the basis of resistance mechanism. Further studies will be carried out.
BIOLOGI KUTU PUTIH Dysmicoccus brevipes COCKERELL (HEMIPTERA : PSEUDOCOCCIDAE) PADA TANAMAN NENAS DAN KENCUR Juliet M. Eva Mamahit; Syafrida Manuwoto; Purnama Hidayat; Sobir Sobir
Buletin Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat Vol 19, No 2 (2008): BULETIN PENELITIAN TANAMAN REMPAH DAN OBAT
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/bullittro.v19n2.2008.%p

Abstract

Kutu putih Dysmicoccus brevipes me-rupakan hama utama pada perkebunan nenas, memiliki kisaran inang yang luas (lebih dari 100 spesies tanaman). Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui beberapa parameter biologi kutu putih pada tanaman nenas (Ananas comosus L. Merr.) dan kencur (Kaempferia galanga L.). Penelitian dilaksanakan sejak Mei sampai dengan Juli 2007 di laboratorium dan lapangan. Penelitian menggunakan dua jenis tanaman inang yaitu nenas dan kencur pada kondisi laboratorium. Sampel kutu putih di-ambil dari lapang dan diidentifikasi. Crawler (nimfa instar-1) dipelihara sampai menjadi imago masing-masing pada daun nenas dan rimpang kencur yang diletakkan dalam petridis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kutu putih dapat hidup dan berkembang pada tanaman nenas dan kencur. Nimfa mengalami tiga kali ganti kulit sebelum menjadi imago. Total lama per-kembangan nimfa sekitar 32,10± 0,33 hari pada nenas dan menunjukkan perbedaan nyata pada kencur (35,55±0,43 hari). Lama perkembangan nimfa instar-1 sekitar 11,45±0,29 hari pada nenas dan sekitar 12,95± 0,33 hari pada kencur. Lama perkembangan nimfa instar 2 sekitar 9,85±0,29 hari pada nenas dan sekitar 11,05± 0,34 hari pada kencur. Sedangkan lama per-kembangan nimfa instar 3 sekitar 10,80±0,31 hari pada nenas dan 11,55±0,20 hari pada kencur. Lama hidup imago sekitar 20,40±0,74 hari pada nenas dan 20,20±0,57 hari pada ken-cur. Hasil analisis menunjukkkan masa pra-oviposisisi dan lamanya imago meletakkan anaknya sangat dipengaruhi secara nyata oleh tanaman inang.  
BIOLOGI KUTU PUTIH Dysmicoccus brevipes COCKERELL (HEMIPTERA : PSEUDOCOCCIDAE) PADA TANAMAN NENAS DAN KENCUR Juliet M. Eva Mamahit; Syafrida Manuwoto; Purnama Hidayat; Sobir Sobir
Buletin Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat Vol 19, No 2 (2008): BULETIN PENELITIAN TANAMAN REMPAH DAN OBAT
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/bullittro.v19n2.2008.%p

Abstract

Kutu putih Dysmicoccus brevipes me-rupakan hama utama pada perkebunan nenas, memiliki kisaran inang yang luas (lebih dari 100 spesies tanaman). Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui beberapa parameter biologi kutu putih pada tanaman nenas (Ananas comosus L. Merr.) dan kencur (Kaempferia galanga L.). Penelitian dilaksanakan sejak Mei sampai dengan Juli 2007 di laboratorium dan lapangan. Penelitian menggunakan dua jenis tanaman inang yaitu nenas dan kencur pada kondisi laboratorium. Sampel kutu putih di-ambil dari lapang dan diidentifikasi. Crawler (nimfa instar-1) dipelihara sampai menjadi imago masing-masing pada daun nenas dan rimpang kencur yang diletakkan dalam petridis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kutu putih dapat hidup dan berkembang pada tanaman nenas dan kencur. Nimfa mengalami tiga kali ganti kulit sebelum menjadi imago. Total lama per-kembangan nimfa sekitar 32,10± 0,33 hari pada nenas dan menunjukkan perbedaan nyata pada kencur (35,55±0,43 hari). Lama perkembangan nimfa instar-1 sekitar 11,45±0,29 hari pada nenas dan sekitar 12,95± 0,33 hari pada kencur. Lama perkembangan nimfa instar 2 sekitar 9,85±0,29 hari pada nenas dan sekitar 11,05± 0,34 hari pada kencur. Sedangkan lama per-kembangan nimfa instar 3 sekitar 10,80±0,31 hari pada nenas dan 11,55±0,20 hari pada kencur. Lama hidup imago sekitar 20,40±0,74 hari pada nenas dan 20,20±0,57 hari pada ken-cur. Hasil analisis menunjukkkan masa pra-oviposisisi dan lamanya imago meletakkan anaknya sangat dipengaruhi secara nyata oleh tanaman inang.  
Co-Authors DADANG DADANG DAMAYANTI BUCHORI DJOKO PRIJONO Edy Syahputra Hendra Adijuwana Juliet M.E. Mamahit Latifah Kosim Darusman LILIK BUDIPRASETYO PURNAMA HIDAYAT Sobir Sobir YAHER WANDI