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All Journal Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pendidikan Rekayasa Mesin ROTOR: JURNAL ILMIAH TEKNIK MESIN Journal of Energy, Mechanical, Material and Manufacturing Engineering Prosiding Seminar Nasional Teknik Mesin
Widya Wijayanti
Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta 10430
Aerospace Engineering Automotive Engineering Control & Systems Engineering Education Energy Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mechanical Engineering

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PENGIDENTIFIKASIAN ENTALPI BAHAN BAKAR PADAT (CHAR) DAN CAIR (TAR) HASIL PROSES PIROLISIS BIOMASA Wijayanti, Widya
ROTOR Vol 7, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : ROTOR

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Abstract

An experimental study of pyrolysis method had been conducted to support alternative fuels demand. It was very attractive method to convert the biomass; mahogany wood to be the alternative fuels. For that reason, an appropriate pyrolyzer will be required to support the process. Due to thermochemical process, an occurred energy transfer all through the process considered not only the heat transfer mechanism but also the chemical reaction mechanism producing heat of reaction in the pyrolysis products (enthalpy). Therefore, the study aims to identify the influence of different temperatures on the measured enthalpy of pyrolysis by means of calorimetrical measurement. The biomass samples used mahogany wood that would be pyrolyzed in the experimental run. Afterward, the influence of temperature toward the solid (char) and liquid (tar) yields were investigated. The enthalpy yields formation would be presented by calorific/heating value of formed char/solid yields indicating important-physical properties of fuel. The results referred that the values of solid yield enthalpy were pointed in the increasing values with the increasing of pyrolysis temperature, however,the enthalpy values of tar inclined to temperature of 500°C. It would decline because the viscosity of tar becomes lighter. Keywords: Enthalpy, Char, Tar, Biomass, Pyrolysis
PENGARUH VARIASI TEMPERATUR TERHADAP MASSA DAN ENERGI YANG DIHASILKAN PIROLISIS SERBUK KAYU MAHONI (SWITENIA MACROPHYLLA) PADA ROTARY KILN Qiram, Ikhwanul; Widhiyanuriyawan, Denny; wijayanti, widya
ROTOR Vol 8, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : ROTOR

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Abstract

Pirolysis is thermochemical decomposition process of biomass into useful product. A method that can be used is a rotary kiln pirolyzer which consist a heating cylinder that rotate with a certain rotation speed. This research is aimed to get the effet of temperature due to char product quantity of switenia macrophylla rotary kiln pirolysis.The research is done by pirolysis experiment with 200 gram of switenia macrophylla in dust form. Temperature heating is varied 250 C, 350 C, 450 C, 500 C, dan 600 C. The heating temperature is provide by eletric heater with control system. Temperatur is measured with K type thermocouple. The heating process is taken for 180 minutes using stopwatch. The measurement is done for biomass and char volume using measuring cup. Mass is measured using scale. Low heating value is measured using bomb calorimeter.The result show that temperatur has effect due to char product of switenia macrophylla rotary kiln pirolysis. Char mass loss tend to increase due to temperature increasing. Low heating value and char porosity tend to increase due to mass loss percentage increasing. Shrinking factor and percentage of yield energy tend to decrease due to mass loss percentage increasing. Keywords: pirolysis, rotary kiln, char, temperature
Parameter Kinetik Char Hasil Pirolisis Serbuk Kayu Mahoni (Switenia Macrophylla) dengan Variasi Heating Rate dan 1 Temperatur Majedi, Farid; Wijayanti, Widya; Hamidi, Nurkholis
Rekayasa Mesin Vol 6, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Mesin, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (540.059 KB) | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jrm.2015.006.01.1

Abstract

The value of k (rate constant) is one of the important parameters in the equation speed of reaction (kinetics of reactions). This paper discusses the value of k (rate constan) at each heating rate (673 K / h and 873 K / h). Where k is the value obtained by calculating the value of k temperature 523 K, 623 K, 723 K, 773 K and 873 K heating rate of 673 K / h and k values of temperature 523 K, 623 K, 723 K, 773 K and 873 K heating rate 1073 K / h. From the k value of each temperature, calculated values of k in the heating rate. Calculation results obtained kinetic parameters heating rate of 673 K / h Kinetic is 𝑘 = 24,022 . 𝑒 −1230 𝑇 ⁄ , Ea = 10226.2 kJ Mol -1 , A = 269.4548 min -1 and a heating rate of 1073 K / h is 𝑘 = 8,998 . 𝑒 , Ea = 6550.6 kJ Mol -1 , A = 100.9273 min . From the k value of each heating rate validated into the mass loss is calculated, which obtain the actual mass loss results with the mass loss calculation results of kinetic equations for each temperature and heating rate can be seen that the value of mass loss value calculation results is approaching mass reduction so the actual kinetic equation respectively temperature and heating rate. Rate constan) is one of the important parameters in the equation speed of reaction (kinetics of reactions) -1
Pengaruh Variasi Temperatur Terhadap Kuantitas Char Hasil Pirolisis Serbuk Kayu Mahoni (Switenia Macrophylla) Pada Rotary 39 Kiln Qiram, Ikhwanul; Widhiyanuriyawan, Denny; Wijayanti, Widya
Jurnal Rekayasa Mesin Vol 6, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Mesin, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (407.796 KB) | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jrm.2015.006.01.6

Abstract

Pirolysis is thermochemical decomposition process of biomass into useful product. One kind of method that can be used is a Rotary Kiln pirolyzer which is consist a heating cylinder that rotates with a certain rotation speed. This research is aimed to get the effect of temperature due to Char product quantity of switenia macrophylla Rotary Kiln pirolysis.The research has done by pirolysis experiment with 200 gram of switenia macrophylla in dust form. Temperature was varied 250 C, 350 o C, 450 o C, 500 o C, and 600 C. The heating temperature was provided by eletric heater with control system. Temperatur was measured with K type thermocouple. The heating process has taken for 180 minutes using stopwatch. The measurement has done for biomass and Char volume using measuring cup. Mass was measured by using mass scale. Low heating value was measured by using bomb calorimeter. The result show that the temperature has effect due to Char product of switenia macrophylla Rotary Kiln pirolysis. The loss of Char mass is tend to increase due to temperature increases. Low heating value and Char porosity is tend to increase due to mass loss percentage increases. Shrinking factor and percentage of yield energy is tend to decrease due to mass loss percentage increasing.
Pengaruh Derajat Pengapian Terhadap Emisi Gas Buang Motor Bakar 6 Langkah Menggunakan Bahan Bakar Ethanol 99% Razi, Misru; Siswanto, Eko; Wijayanti, Widya
Seminar Nasional Teknik Mesin 2019: Prosiding Seminar Nasional Teknik Mesin 2019
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Jakarta

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Abstract

Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh variasi derajat pengapian terhadap kadar emisi gas buang CO, CO2, O2 dan HC pada motor bakar 6 langkah berbahan bakar etanol. Metode penelitian ini adalah eksperemental langsung dengan menguji pada objek yang dituju. Pengujian dilakukan pada motor 6 langkah berbahan bakar etanol dengan variasi sudut pengapian 240,260 dan 280. Setiap variasi di uji pada interval putaran 600 dari 2400 sampai 7200. Hasil penelitian menunjukan Sudut pengapian mempengaruhi kadar emisi gas buang CO, CO2, O2 dan HC yang di hasilkan pada pembakaran motor 6 langkah menggunkan bahan bakar etanol.Semakin maju derajat pengapian maka kadar emisi gas buang CO2 dan O2 semakin meningkat dan sebaliknya kadar emisi gas bunag CO dan HC semakin menurun.Sifat ethanol yang termasuk oxygenated fuel menyebabkan menghasilkan kandungan O2 yang lebih tinggi.
Analysis of Proton Conducting SOFC–Micro Gas Turbine Hybrid System with Anode and Cathode Recycling and Fueled by Ethanol Sasmoko, Sasmoko; Tseng, Chung-Jen; Wijayanti, Widya
Jurnal Rekayasa Mesin Vol 7, No 3 (2016)
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Mesin, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1775.569 KB) | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jrm.2016.007.03.2

Abstract

This paper presents a hybrid system that consists of a pSOFC (proton conducting SOFC) stack, a micro gas turbine (MGT), a combustor, a compressor, a heat exchanger, and an external steam reformer. This simulation is based on thermodynamic analysis and is developed using Matlab/Simulink/Thermolib software and validated using published data from the literature. Furthermore, three cases, cases 1, 2, and 3, are analyzed, and the best case, case 2, is installed with anode and cathode recycling, to increase system performance. According to the results, case 2 exhibits the highest system efficiency (72%) due to high hydrogen production, and the installation of anode and cathode recycling further increases system efficiency up to 79%.
Reduksi Volume Dan Pengarangan Kotoran Sapi Dengan Metode Pirolisis Wijayanti, Widya; Sasongko, Mega Nur
Jurnal Rekayasa Mesin Vol 3, No 3 (2012)
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Mesin, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Brawijaya

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Abstract

The study was conducted to determine the change of mass, the shrinking volume and the heating value of char of cow dung induced by slow pyrolysis. The char produced by pyrolysis can be used as an alternative solid fuels. Besides, it can be a biochar as a mixture of biomaterial having a high-value materials. It due to the char has a high content of Carbon. In this experiment, the heating value of char was examined by using bomb calorimeter. The temperature pyrolysis was varied from 100°C to 500°C. Before the pyrolysis process, the feedstock was pulverized to a particle size of about 0.7 mm, and then it dried in the oven to have a moisture content up to 4%. The pyrolisis was conducted at varied temperatures and different heating rates from 0.13°C /sec to 0.29°C /sec.The results showed that the reduction of the cow dung volume performed significantly by the way of slow pyrolysis. The most reduced volume of cow dung occured very significant at the highest pyrolysis temperature, reaching 60% at 500°C. On the other hand, the heating rate variation did not influence in yield reduction, but it has an effect on the result of heating value of char. The results also indicated that the optimal of heating rate occured at 0.13°C/sec to 0.16°C/sec. In the visualization of the solid yield pyrolysis products, as higher pyrolysis temperature, as darker color of the char. It was shown the Carbon content in the char.Keywords: cow dung, pyrolysis temperature, heating rate, heating value, char
Pengaruh Penggunaan Katalis (Zeolit) Terhadap Kinetic Rate Tar Hasil Pirolisis Serbuk Kayu Mahoni (Switenia Macrophylla) Kumara, Dody Candra; Wijayanti, Widya; Widhiyanuriyawan, Denny
Jurnal Rekayasa Mesin Vol 6, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Mesin, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (723.311 KB) | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jrm.2015.006.01.3

Abstract

This research was conducted to find out the influence of the use of a catalyst (zeolite) against kinetic rate results of tar pyrolysis of sawdust mahogany. research process undertaken experimentally with temperature 523K and 873K on the heating rate 673 K/hour. pyrolysis is done for 3 hours with wood powder particle size 0,5 – 1 mm. before use activated zeolite in advance by means of heated at a temperature of 400 °c for 1 hour. the results showed the value of kinetic rate tar with zeolites greater than without zeolites , where the value of the kinetic rate equation obtained i.e. 𝑘 = 185,49. 𝑒 −2779/𝑇 (heating rate 673 K/hour without zeolite) and 𝑘 = 93,037. 𝑒 (heating rate 673 K/hour with zeolite). The results of the validation shows the value addition in the calculation of the volume is already approaching the actual value.
Pengaruh Derajat Pengapian terhadap Kinerja Motor Bakar 6 Langkah Berbahan Bakar Etanol Razi, Misru; Siswanto, Eko; Wijayanti, Widya
Jurnal Rekayasa Mesin Vol 10, No 3 (2019)
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Mesin, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jrm.2019.010.03.10

Abstract

The six-stroke spark ignition engine has the potential to be developed as a new alternative to future motor fuel technology. The development of motor vehicles will be directly proportional to the use of rising fossil fuels. It is, therefore, necessary to have renewable alternative fuel, in which one of them is using ethanol fuel. Characteristics of the ethanol fuel are different from fossil fuels so the ignition timing is needed to be modified. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the ignition degree on the performance of a 6-stroke spark-ignition engine fuel using ethanol. This research is worked out directly by experimental and testing on the intended object. The test was carried out on an ethanol-fueled 6-step spark ignition engine with variations in the ignition angle at 240,260 and 280. Each variation was tested for a rotation interval of 600 rpm from 2400 rpm to 7200 rpm. The results show that ignition degree greatly affects performance. The ignition angle of 280 produced better torque, effective power, effective specific fuel consumption and effective thermal efficiency than those of the ignition degrees at 240 and 260 (standard angle ). This is due to the use of ethanol fuel which has a slower combustion speed. Based on this fact, it is necessary to advance the ignition angle so that the explosive power of the air-fuel mixture is increasing. Low fuel consumption and better effective thermal efficiency were observed for 280 ignition degrees compared to 240 and 260 ignition degrees.
Metode Pirolisis Untuk Penanganan Sampah Perkotaan Sebagai Penghasil Bahan Bakar Alternatif Wijayanti, Widya; Sasongko, Mega Nur; Meidiana, Christia; Yuliati, Lilis
Jurnal Rekayasa Mesin Vol 4, No 2 (2013)
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Mesin, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Brawijaya

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Abstract

The research on the processing of organic municipal waste conversion has been done by using pyrolysis method. The research aims to gain an alternatif fuels and to minimize the landfill space. In the pyrolysis process, it was investigated the char formation as solid fuel as well as its heating value. The char formation was determined by the change of mass and volume of waste for minimizing landfill area.The waste compositions were obtained by surveying the 10 families during 10 days and then it was made the waste spesimens as the pyrolysis feedstocks. The pyrolysis processes were operated in range temperature 200oC to 400oC. Then, the char formations as pyrolysis products were tested by using bomb calorimeter to qualify the heating value of the products. The results showed that the waste was able to be a solid fuel due to the quality of its heating value. The increasing of the heating value could reach 150% from unpyrolyzed waste to pyrolyzed one. In addition, the pyrolysis method was able to significantly minimize the volume of waste, so that it has a potential way to overcome the need of a large landfil area in which it could reduce up to 50% in mass and 85% in volume. In waste pyrolysis method, it was only needed 2 hours operating process and low-temperature process (only up to 300oC). It did not require require a high-operating temperature, therefore, the handling of municipal organic waste to save area landfill and produce alternative fuel could be done in short time and did not require great energy.Keywords: waste, conversion energy, alternatif fuels, pyrolysis
Co-Authors A.A. Ketut Agung Cahyawan W Andi Nugroho, Andi Christia Meidiana Denny Widhiyanuriyawan Dody Candra Kumara, Dody Candra Eko Siswanto Farid Majedi, Farid Ikhwanul Qiram Kusumastuti, Rizky Lilis Yuliati Mega Nur Sasongko Musyaroh, Musyaroh Nurkholis Hamidi Nuryosuwito, Nuryosuwito Purbo Suwandono Rahmad, Hadi Razi, Misru Razi, Misru Rizaldy, Ahmad Difal Sasmoko, Sasmoko Stefanus Christian Relmasira Sudjito Soeparman Tseng, Chung-Jen Wardana, I. N. G. Wardoyo Wardoyo Widodo, Agung S. Wijayanto, Vera Dwi