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Research And Development Laboratory Of Farmaka Tropis, Faculty Of Pharmacy, Mulawarman University, Samarinda, Indonesia
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

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Peningkatan Laju Disolusi Ketokonazol Dengan Teknik Dispersi Padat Asyarie, Sukmadjaja; Mauludin, Rachmat; Utami, Ratna A.; Narsa, Angga Cipta
Acta Pharmaceutica Indonesia Vol 38, No 4 (2013)
Publisher : School of Pharmacy Institut Teknologi Bandung

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Abstract

Ketokonazol merupakan zat antijamur sintetik golongan azol yang merupakan turunan imidazol. Ketokonazol praktis tidak larut dalam air dan ketersediaan hayati melalui rute oral sangat beragam tergantung dari kondisi pH saluran pencernaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kelarutan dan laju disolusi ketokonazol dengan cara pembuatan dispersi padat mengunakan Eudragit® E 100, PEG 6000, serta gliserol. Dispersi padat di evaluasi dengan uji kelarutan, uji disolusi, kristalinitas, dan morfologinya. Uji disolusi juga dilakukan pada tablet yang mengandung dispersi padat. Formula terbaik yang diperoleh pada penelitian ini dengan peningkatan kelarutan tertinggi dihasilkan oleh dispersi padat dengan perbandingan ketokonazol - Eudragit® E 100 - gliserol (1:8:0,5). Hasil uji disolusi ketokonazol murni, dispersi padat ketokonazol - Eudragit® E 100 - gliserol 1:8:0,5 dan campuran fisiknya dalam media dapar fosfat pH 6,8 selama 360 menit secara berurutan yaitu 22,88, 28,41 dan 58,71%. Terjadi peningkatan persen terdisolusi pada campuran fisik dan dispersi padatnya dengan persen terdisolusi terbesar ditunjukkan oleh dispersi padatnya. Uji disolusi juga dilakukan pada sediaan tablet yang mengandung dispersi padat formula optimum dan campuran fisiknya yang dibuat dengan metode kempa langsung. Sediaan tablet yang mengandung dispersi padat juga menunjukkan peningkatan persen terdisolusi. Pengujian difraksi sinar-X menunjukkan adanya perubahan kristalinitas ketokonazol yaitu sama seperti Eudragit® E 100. Hasil ini juga didukung oleh hasil pengujian spetkrofotometer infra merah dan puncak endotermik differential scanning calorimetry. Berdasarkan hasil scanning electron microscopy terlihat morfologi dari Eudragit® E 100 murni dan dispersi padatnya yang hampir sama. Proses tabletasi mempengaruhi disolusi dispersi padat sehingga terjadi penurunan jumlah yang terdisolusinya. Pembentukan dispersi padat ketokonazol dengan Eudragit® E 100 dan gliserol dapat meningkatkan kelarutan dan disolusi ketokonazol. Pembuatan dispersi padat yang dilakukan tidak efektif untuk meningkatkan disolusi ketokonazol dari sediaan tablet.Kata Kunci: ketokonazol, dispersi padat, Eudragit® E 100.AbstractKetoconazole is an antifungal azole synthetic which derivatived from imidazole. Ketoconazole is practically insoluble in water and its bioavailability depend on pH condition of the gastrointestinal tract. The purpose of the research is to increase the solubility and dissolution rate of ketoconazole by solid dispersion method using Eudragit® E 100, PEG 6000, and glycerol. Solid dispersion was evaluated with respect to solubility, dissolution rate, cristalinity and morphology of solid dispersion. Dissolution test was also performed on tablets loaded solid dispersion. The optimum formulation with the highest solubility was resulted by solid dispersion with ratio ketoconazole - Eudragit® E 100 - glycerol of 1:8:0.5. Dissolution test was performed by pure ketoconazole, solid dispersion, and its physical mixture in medium of phosphate buffer pH of 6.8 within 360 minutes. The significant increasing of dissolution test was shown by the solid dispersion 58.71% ketoconazole was released. Dissolution test was also performed on tablets loaded solid dispersion and loaded physical mixture. Tablets were produced by direct compression method. Solid dispersion tablet showed improved dissolution rate. X-ray diffraction test revealed the change of crystalline ketoconazole and similar to Eudragit® E 100. This result was also supported by spectrum of infrared and endothermic peak of differential scanning calorimetry. Based on scanning electron microscopy morphology of pure Eudragit® E 100 and solid dispersion was similar. Tabletation process reduced dissolution rate of ketoconazole. Solid dispersion of ketoconazole with Eudragit® E 100 and glycerol improved solubilty and dissolution rate.Keywords: ketoconazole, solid dispersion, Eudragit® E 100.
Peningkatan Laju Disolusi Ketokonazol Dengan Teknik Dispersi Padat Sukmadjaja Asyarie; Rachmat Mauludin; Ratna A. Utami; Angga Cipta Narsa
Acta Pharmaceutica Indonesia Vol. 38 No. 4 (2013)
Publisher : School of Pharmacy Institut Teknologi Bandung

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Abstract

Ketokonazol merupakan zat antijamur sintetik golongan azol yang merupakan turunan imidazol. Ketokonazol praktis tidak larut dalam air dan ketersediaan hayati melalui rute oral sangat beragam tergantung dari kondisi pH saluran pencernaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kelarutan dan laju disolusi ketokonazol dengan cara pembuatan dispersi padat mengunakan Eudragit® E 100, PEG 6000, serta gliserol. Dispersi padat di evaluasi dengan uji kelarutan, uji disolusi, kristalinitas, dan morfologinya. Uji disolusi juga dilakukan pada tablet yang mengandung dispersi padat. Formula terbaik yang diperoleh pada penelitian ini dengan peningkatan kelarutan tertinggi dihasilkan oleh dispersi padat dengan perbandingan ketokonazol - Eudragit® E 100 - gliserol (1:8:0,5). Hasil uji disolusi ketokonazol murni, dispersi padat ketokonazol - Eudragit® E 100 - gliserol 1:8:0,5 dan campuran fisiknya dalam media dapar fosfat pH 6,8 selama 360 menit secara berurutan yaitu 22,88, 28,41 dan 58,71%. Terjadi peningkatan persen terdisolusi pada campuran fisik dan dispersi padatnya dengan persen terdisolusi terbesar ditunjukkan oleh dispersi padatnya. Uji disolusi juga dilakukan pada sediaan tablet yang mengandung dispersi padat formula optimum dan campuran fisiknya yang dibuat dengan metode kempa langsung. Sediaan tablet yang mengandung dispersi padat juga menunjukkan peningkatan persen terdisolusi. Pengujian difraksi sinar-X menunjukkan adanya perubahan kristalinitas ketokonazol yaitu sama seperti Eudragit® E 100. Hasil ini juga didukung oleh hasil pengujian spetkrofotometer infra merah dan puncak endotermik differential scanning calorimetry. Berdasarkan hasil scanning electron microscopy terlihat morfologi dari Eudragit® E 100 murni dan dispersi padatnya yang hampir sama. Proses tabletasi mempengaruhi disolusi dispersi padat sehingga terjadi penurunan jumlah yang terdisolusinya. Pembentukan dispersi padat ketokonazol dengan Eudragit® E 100 dan gliserol dapat meningkatkan kelarutan dan disolusi ketokonazol. Pembuatan dispersi padat yang dilakukan tidak efektif untuk meningkatkan disolusi ketokonazol dari sediaan tablet.Kata Kunci: ketokonazol, dispersi padat, Eudragit® E 100.AbstractKetoconazole is an antifungal azole synthetic which derivatived from imidazole. Ketoconazole is practically insoluble in water and its bioavailability depend on pH condition of the gastrointestinal tract. The purpose of the research is to increase the solubility and dissolution rate of ketoconazole by solid dispersion method using Eudragit® E 100, PEG 6000, and glycerol. Solid dispersion was evaluated with respect to solubility, dissolution rate, cristalinity and morphology of solid dispersion. Dissolution test was also performed on tablets loaded solid dispersion. The optimum formulation with the highest solubility was resulted by solid dispersion with ratio ketoconazole - Eudragit® E 100 - glycerol of 1:8:0.5. Dissolution test was performed by pure ketoconazole, solid dispersion, and its physical mixture in medium of phosphate buffer pH of 6.8 within 360 minutes. The significant increasing of dissolution test was shown by the solid dispersion 58.71% ketoconazole was released. Dissolution test was also performed on tablets loaded solid dispersion and loaded physical mixture. Tablets were produced by direct compression method. Solid dispersion tablet showed improved dissolution rate. X-ray diffraction test revealed the change of crystalline ketoconazole and similar to Eudragit® E 100. This result was also supported by spectrum of infrared and endothermic peak of differential scanning calorimetry. Based on scanning electron microscopy morphology of pure Eudragit® E 100 and solid dispersion was similar. Tabletation process reduced dissolution rate of ketoconazole. Solid dispersion of ketoconazole with Eudragit® E 100 and glycerol improved solubilty and dissolution rate.Keywords: ketoconazole, solid dispersion, Eudragit® E 100.
Formulation of Hand Sanitizer Gel Jatropha Sap (Jatropha curcas L) as Antiseptic Siswati Siswati; Fika Aryati; Angga Cipta Narsa
Journal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry Vol. 6 No. 1 (2022): Journal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia, 75117, Gedung Administrasi Fakultas Farmasi Jl. Penajam, Kampus UNMUL Gunung Kelua, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25026/jtpc.v6i1.333

Abstract

Jatropha curcas (Jatropha curcas L) is a medicinal plant that is often used, especially its sap. Jatropha sap contains secondary metabolite compounds in the form of saponins, flavonoids, and tannins which have antibacterial activity. This study aims to determine the antibacterial activity of Jatropha sap against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, to determine the antibacterial activity of jatropha hand sanitizer gel preparation against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, and to find out the best formula for hand sanitizer gel from jatropha that has antibacterial effectiveness against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. This research was conducted by formulating hand sanitizer gel from jatropha sap with various concentrations. Based on the research data, the best data obtained for the concentration of jatropha sap which has antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus is 10% with inhibition values of 13,33 ± 0,57 and 12,86 ± 0,51 the best concentrations of gel preparations. Hand sanitizer from jatropha sap which has antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus is 10% with inhibitory value of 12,63 ± 0,35 and 12,10 ± 0,17 and the best formula for hand sanitizer gel contains jatropha sap fence with a concentration of 5% with a diameter value of 6,36 cm, pH 4,89, a viscosity of 4,60 ± 0,14 Pa.S, a clear whitish color with a gel-shaped texture and a homogeneous preparation.
Pengaruh Propilen Glikol terhadap Laju Difusi Krim Natrium Diklofenak dengan Basis Hidrofobik Secara Invitro Angga Cipta Narsa; Boesro Soebagio; Sriwidodo Sriwidodo
Journal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry Vol. 1 No. 1 (2010): Journal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia, 75117, Gedung Administrasi Fakultas Farmasi Jl. Penajam, Kampus UNMUL Gunung Kelua, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (93.97 KB) | DOI: 10.25026/jtpc.v1i1.2

Abstract

ABSTRACT The research on effect of propylene glycol in diffusion of cream diclofenac sodium from hydrophobic base with in-vitro. The research has been used for concentrations propylene glycol (0, 3, 5, and 7%). The stability test included organoleptic, pH, viscosity, consistency, flow type for 56 days of storge, and diffusion test used diffusion franz cell and membrane spangler. The result showed that formula diclofenac sodium cream contained propylene glycol 7% was the one best in diffusion of 0.0203 ppm/menit. Key words : Propylene glycol, diffusion, hydrophobic base ABSTRAK Telah dilakukan penelitian mengenai pengaruh propilen glikol terhadap laju difusi krim natrium diklofenak basis hidrofobik secara invitro. Dalam penelitian ini dibuat formula dengan variasi konsentrasi propilen glikol yaitu 0, 3, 5, dan 7%. Pengujian stabilitas fisik sediaan krim meliputi organoleptis, pH, viskositas, konsistensi, dan uji sifat aliran selama 56 hari penyimpanan, serta uji difusi menggunakan alat difusi Franz dan membran spangler. Dari hasil penelitian ini didapat bahwa formula krim natrium diklofenak yang mengandung propilen glikol 7% memiliki laju difusi paling baik yaitu 0,0203 ppm/menit. Kata kunci : Propilen glikol, laju difusi, basis hidrofobik
Peningkatan Kelarutan Ketokonazol dengan Teknik Dispersi Padat Menggunakan Eudragit® E 100 Angga Cipta Narsa
Journal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry Vol. 2 No. 1 (2012): Journal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia, 75117, Gedung Administrasi Fakultas Farmasi Jl. Penajam, Kampus UNMUL Gunung Kelua, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (758.592 KB) | DOI: 10.25026/jtpc.v2i1.42

Abstract

Ketoconazole is an antifungal azole synthetic which derivatived from imidazole. Ketoconazole is practically insoluble in water and its bioavailability depend on pH condition of the gastrointestinal tract. The purpose of the research is to increase the solubility of ketoconazole by solid dispersion method using Eudragit® E 100, PEG 6000, and glycerol. Solid dispersion was evaluated with respect to solubility, cristalinity, complexation and morphology of solid dispersion. The optimum formulation with the highest solubility was resulted by solid dispersion with ratio ketoconazole - Eudragit® E 100 - glycerol of 1:8:0.5. X-ray diffraction test revealed the change of crystalline ketoconazole and similar to Eudragit® E 100. This result was also supported by spectrum of infrared and endothermic peak of differential scanning calorimetry. Based on scanning electron microscopy morphology of pure Eudragit® E 100 and solid dispersion was similar. Solid dispersion of ketoconazole with Eudragit® E 100 and glycerol improved solubilty. Keywords : ketoconazole, solid dispersion, Eudragit® E 100 ABSTRAK Ketokonazol merupakan zat antijamur sintetik golongan azol yang merupakan turunan imidazol.Ketokonazol praktis tidak larut dalam air dan ketersediaan hayati melalui rute oral sangat beragam tergantung dari kondisi pH saluran pencernaan.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kelarutan ketokonazol dengan cara pembuatan dispersi padat mengunakan Eudragit® E 100, PEG 6000, serta gliserol. Dispersi padat di evaluasi dengan uji kelarutan jenuh, kristalinitas, kompleksasi, dan morfologinya.Formula optimal dengan peningkatan kelarutan tertinggi dihasilkan oleh perbandingan dispersi padat ketokonazol - Eudragit® E 100 - gliserol 1:8:0,5. Pengujian difraksi sinar-X menunjukkan adanya perubahan kristalinitas ketokonazol yaitu sama seperti Eudragit® E 100.Hasil ini juga didukung oleh hasil pengujian spetkrofotometer infra merah dan puncak endotermik differential scanning calorimetry.Berdasarkan hasil scanning electrom microscopyterlihat morfologi dari Eudragit® E 100 murni dan dispersi padatnya yang hampir sama..Pembentukan dispersi padat ketokonazol dengan Eudragit® E 100 dan gliserol dapat meningkatkan kelarutan. Kata Kunci : ketokonazol, dispersi padat, Eudragit® E 100
Efek Antimikroba Sediaan Salep Kulit Berbahan Aktif Ekstrak Etil Asetat Daun Sungkai (Peronema Canencens Jack.) terhadap Bakteri Patogen Penginfeksi Luka Bakar Arsyik Ibrahim; Islamudin Ahmad; Angga Cipta Narsa; Yurika Sastyarina
Journal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry Vol. 2 No. 3 (2013): Journal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia, 75117, Gedung Administrasi Fakultas Farmasi Jl. Penajam, Kampus UNMUL Gunung Kelua, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (103.451 KB) | DOI: 10.25026/jtpc.v2i3.58

Abstract

Research on the effects of skin ointment dosage active ingredient ethyl acetate leaf extract Sungkai (Peronema canencens Jack.) has be done burns infection against pathogens bacteria. This study aims to determine the effective concentration of the ethyl acetate extract antimicrobial in skin ointment preparations against pathogens skin burns infection. Test material obtained by fractionation of the methanol extract of leaves Sungkai, further formulated into an ointment base, was tested to determine the effective concentration of activity. The results obtained by the concentration of effective skin ointment preparation with the active ingredient ethyl acetate leaf extract Sungkai is 4% for gram-positive bacteria: B. subtilis and S. aureus, dankonsentrasi 2% for gram-negative bacteria: P. aeruginosa and Str. mutans. Key words: P. canencens Jack, Formulation, Antimicrobials, B. subtilis, S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, Str. Mutans ABSTRAK Telah dilakukan penelitian efek sediaan salep kulit berbahan aktif ekstrak etil asetat daun sungkai (Peronema canencens Jack.) terhadap bakteri patogen penginfeksi luka bakar. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui konsentrasi efektif antimikroba ekstrak etil asetat dalam sediaan salep kulit terhadap bakteri patogen penginfeksi luka bakar. Bahan uji diperoleh dengan fraksinasi ekstrak metanol daun sungkai, selanjutnya formulasikan ke dalam basis salep, diuji aktivitasnya untuk menentukan konsentrasi efektif. Hasil penelitian diperoleh konsentrasi efektif sediaan salep kulit dengan bahan aktif ekstrak etil asetat daun Sungkai adalah 4 % untuk bakteri gram positif: B. subtilis dan S. aureus, dankonsentrasi 2% untuk bakteri gram negatif: P. aeruginosa dan Str. Mutans. Kata kunci : P. canencens Jack, Formulasi, Antimikroba, B. subtilis, S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, Str. mutans.
Aktivitas Gel Mulut Berbahan Aktif Ekstrak Daun Sirih Hitam Kalimantan sebagai Antimikroba Penyebab Radang Gusi (Gingivitis) dan Gigi Berlubang (Caries) Fajar Prasetya; Angga Cipta Narsa
Journal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry Vol. 2 No. 3 (2013): Journal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia, 75117, Gedung Administrasi Fakultas Farmasi Jl. Penajam, Kampus UNMUL Gunung Kelua, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (38.847 KB) | DOI: 10.25026/jtpc.v2i3.60

Abstract

This study aimed to test the activity of active ingredient mouth gel preparation of kalimantan black piper betle leaf extract with the main base of Hydroxy Ethyl Cellulose namely (HEC) as a mucoadhesive polymer that is able to increase the attractive forces between the active material with a layer of mucus that will extend the contact time with the active ingredient tissue targets, moreover would be increase the effectiveness of antimicrobial activity causes inflammation of the gums (gingivitis) and tooth decay (caries). Activities that have been implemented are mouth gel activity assays with Kalimantan black piper betle leaf extract as in- vitro using the agar diffusion method pitting. In testing with active oral gel preparation of black piper betle leaf extract with the main base of Hydroxy Ethyl Cellulose namely (HEC) as in vitro, it can be seen that the sample may provide the inhibitory effect of the fungus Candida albicans and the bacterium Streptococcus mutans in the presence of a clear zone indicated on the medium. Furthermore, at this stage of the dilution of the gel in twice causing decline in the effectiveness of the inhibition of both the fungus Candida albicans and the bacterium Streptococcus mutans. The results of in- vitro testing without dilution is 19.8 mm in bacteria Streptococcus mutans and 34.4 mm in the fungus Candida albicans. Keywords: antimicrobial, oral gel, black piper betle, gingivitis , cavities ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji aktivitas sediaan gel mulut berbahan aktif ekstrak daun sirih hitam Kalimantan dengan basis utama yakni Hydroxy Ethyl Cellulose (HEC) sebagai mucoadhesive polymer yang mampu meningkatkan gaya tarik menarik antara bahan aktif dengan lapisan mukus sehingga akan memperpanjang waktu kontak bahan aktif dengan jaringan target, selanjutnya akan meningkatkan efektivitas aktivitas antimikroba penyebab radang gusi (gingivitis) dan gigi berlubang (caries). Kegiatan yang telah dilaksanakan adalah pengujian aktivitas gel mulut berbahan aktif ekstrak daun sirih hitam Kalimantan secara in vitro dengan menggunakan metode difusi agar teknik sumuran. Pada pengujian sediaan gel mulut berbahan aktif ekstrak daun sirih hitam Kalimantan dengan basis utama yakni Hydroxy Ethyl Cellulose (HEC) secara in vitro, dapat diketahui bahwa sampel dapat memberikan efek penghambatan jamur Candida albicans dan bakteri Streptococcus mutans dengan ditunjukkan adanya zona bening pada agar. Namun pada tahap dua kali pengenceran terhadap gel terjadi penurunan efektivitas kerja penghambatan baik pada jamur Candida albicans maupun pada bakteri Streptococcus mutans. Hasil pengujian in-vitro tanpa pengenceran adalah 19.8 mm pada bakteri Streptococcus mutans dan 34.4 mm jamur Candida albicans. Kata kunci: antimkroba, gel mulut, sirih hitam, radang gusi, gigi berlubang
Formulasi Sediaan Blush Cream dari Ekstrak Biji Kesumba Keling (Bixa orellana (L.)) sebagai Pewarna Alami Kosmetik Nova Mega Handayani; Lisna Meylina; Angga Cipta Narsa
Proceeding of Mulawarman Pharmaceuticals Conferences Vol. 10 (2019): Proceeding of Mulawarman Pharmaceuticals Conferences
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (395.336 KB) | DOI: 10.25026/mpc.v10i1.376

Abstract

Blush is a type of decorative cosmetics used in the cheek area there used with the aim of adding aesthetic value to the face so that the face looks prettier, fresher and has more dimension. Currently there are many blush preparations on the market that contain hazardous chemicals, then a blush preparation made from kesumba keling seed extract containing bixin as natural coloring is made. The purpose of this study was to formulation and evaluate blush cream preparations by utilizing the acetone and maceration is concentrated with a rotary vacuum evaporator. Blush cream formula made using dyes from kesumba keling seed extract with a concentration of 0.5%, 1%, 2%, and 3% into the chosen base formula that produced color in successive orange-yellowish, soft-orange, dark-orange and orange-brownish color. Evaluations undertaken include organoleptic, homogeneity test, dispersion test, pH test, viscosity test and preferences test. The results obtained are based on parameters test, namely the four formulas enter the required value range. Aseptability test results showed that the preparation of blush cream with a concentration of 2% of the most preferred color of kesumba rivet seed extract and at a concentration of 0.5% was the easiest to spread.
Seleksi Parameter yang Mempengaruhi Sintesis Kalkon dengan Metode Plackett-Burman Indah Silvia Sugiyamin; Harra Ismi Farah; Agung Rahmadani; Angga Cipta Narsa
Proceeding of Mulawarman Pharmaceuticals Conferences Vol. 11 (2020): Proceeding of Mulawarman Pharmaceuticals Conferences
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (347.386 KB) | DOI: 10.25026/mpc.v11i1.385

Abstract

Chalcone is a compound that has various biological activities. The organic synthesis approach has been widely used to obtain chalcone compouds. The aim of this research is to select the main parameters which influence chalcone synthesis. This study was conducted using Plackett-Burman experimental design. Of eleven parameters used, eight of them showed a significant effect on the yield of chalcones namely temperature, reaction time, mole number of benzaldehyde, volume of acetophenone solvent, incubation time, volume of distilled water, volume of benzaldehyde solvent, catalyst volume and dummy. In addition, the highest yield is 32.43%.
Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol Daun Andong Merah terhadap Eschericia coli dan Staphylococcus aureus Reca Indiyen; Fika Aryati; Angga Cipta Narsa
Proceeding of Mulawarman Pharmaceuticals Conferences Vol. 11 (2020): Proceeding of Mulawarman Pharmaceuticals Conferences
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (442.396 KB) | DOI: 10.25026/mpc.v11i1.388

Abstract

Infection disease is one of the most common diseases in the world. Infection can be caused by bacteria Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus which are now resistant to some antibiotics, so new agents are needed to overcome antibiotic resistance. Red andong leaves are empirically efficacious for treating wounds, hemorrhoids, inflammation, diarrhea and stopping bleeding (hemostasis). This study aims to determine the yield of ethanol extracts red andong leaves and determine the antibacterial activity of ethanol extracts of red andong leaves against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The research began with the process of extracting red andong leaves by maceration method, then carried out antibacterial testing by the well diffusion method. The results showed the extract concentrations of 10%, 30%, and 50% were able to inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The biggest antibacterial activity of red andong extract was obtained at a concentration of 50% with a inhibition zone of 17,836 mm (Staphylococcus aureus) and 9,012 mm (Escherichia coli).
Co-Authors Abdul Mun’im Agung Rahmadani Arifah Aidah Salman Arsyik Ibrahim Asyarie, Sukmadjaja Ayu Rahmawatiani Ayu Wulan Dari Azminah Azminah Boesro Soebagio Dea Reggina Dewi Mayasari Dyah Ayu Puspo Rini Erwin Samsul Fahriani Istiqomah Fajar Prasetya Ferdian George Sarung Allo Fika Aryati Fika Aryati Gemini Alam Hadi Kuncoro Harra Ismi Farah Helmi Helmi Hifdzur Rashif Rijai Hifdzur Rashif Rija’i Indah Silvia Sugiyamin Islamudin Ahmad Iswahyudi Iswahyudi Lisna Meylina M. Arifuddin Maria Almeida Masrurotin Zumaro Mauludin, Rachmat Muhammad Fauzi Zainal Abidin Mukti Priastomo Noor Linda Febrianie Nova Mega Handayani Novita Sari Noviyanty Indjar Gama Nur Ainah Nur Aini Nur Masyithah Zamruddin Rachmat Mauludin Ratna A. Utami Reca Indiyen Risma Dwi Novianti Risna Agustina Selin Cenora Aritonang Siswati Siswati Siti Rofi’ah Febryani Sri Agung Fitri Kusuma Sriwidodo Sriwidodo Sriwidodo Sriwidodo Sukmadjaja Asyarie Sulistiarini, Riski Supriatno Salam Theresia Fenny Oktarina Utami, Ratna A. Vina Maulidya Wina Andriani Wisnu Cahyo Prabowo Wisnu Cahyo Prabowo Wisnu Cahyo Prabowo Yurika Sastyarina