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INDONESIA
Kultivasi
Published by Universitas Padjadjaran
ISSN : 14124718     EISSN : 2581138X     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Jurnal Kultivasi diterbitkan oleh Departemen Budidaya Pertanian, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Padjadjaran. Jurnal ini terbit tiga kali dalam setahun, yaitu pada bulan Maret, Agustus, dan Desember. Kultivasi mempublikasikan hasil penelitian dan pemaparan ilmiah dari para dosen dan peneliti di bidang budidaya tanaman. Bidang kajian yang dipublikasikan jurnal ini diantaranya adalah agronomi, pemuliaan tanaman, ilmu gulma, teknologi benih, teknologi pasca panen, ilmu tanah, dan proteksi tanaman.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 14 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 22, No 2 (2023): Jurnal Kultivasi" : 14 Documents clear
The addition of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer in the generative stage of Job’s tears affects yield components, yield, and yield quality Wicaksono, Fiky Yulianto; Khairunnisa, Salma; Nurmala, Tati; Irwan, Aep Wawan
Kultivasi Vol 22, No 2 (2023): Jurnal Kultivasi
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/kultivasi.v22i2.39004

Abstract

Job’s tears (Coix lacryma-jobi L.) is an indeterminate food crop that requires more than one-time application of fertilizer. This study aims to determine the effect of additional doses of phosphorus and potassium at the beginning of the generative phase as side dressing fertilization on yield components, yield, and yield quality of the Job’s tears plant. The research was conducted in dry season March - August 2021 at the Experimental Field of the Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Padjadjaran at Jatinangor, Sumedang Regency around 750 m above sea level. The experimental design used randomized block design (RBD) consisting of nine treatments and three replications, namely P and K fertilizers, respectively at doses of: 0, 20, 30, 40, and 50 kg/ha through one or two frequencies of fertilization. Data analysis used analysis of variance and Scott-Knott test at 5% significance level. The results showed that the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers affected the number of panicles, seed weight, and harvest index, but no one effect on other yield components and yield quality. The yield component and the Job’s tears yield were decreased compared to previous studies, which were carried out in sufficient water conditions.Keywords: Job’s tears, Drought, Phosphorus, Potassium
Effectiveness of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in increasing growth and yield of maize overlaid on oil palm aged 4 years Suherman, Cucu; Nurliawati, Sri Desi; Ariyanti, Mira; Dewi, Intan Ratna; Soleh, Mochamad Arief
Kultivasi Vol 22, No 2 (2023): Jurnal Kultivasi
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/kultivasi.v22i2.43958

Abstract

The intercropping system in oil palm plantations is an effort to optimize land, especially at the immature stages (IS), which have a large open space between the trees, so it can be used for cultivating annual crops such as maize. Oil palm trees are generally planted on marginal lands, such as Inceptisol, which generally lacks in phosphor (P). These problems can be reduced by applying arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) to elevate P. This experiment was to determine the dosage and effectiveness of AMF that can improve the growth and yield of maize intercropped with a 4-year-old oil palm. The experiment was conducted at the Ciparanje Experimental Station, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Padjadjaran, from February to May 2022. The experiment used a randomized block design (RBD) with six treatments and was repeated four times. The treatment consisted of giving AMF doses, which included: without AMF, 2 g AMF/plant, 4 g AMF/plant, 6 g AMF/plant, 8 g AMF/plant, 10 g AMF/plant. The results showed that the application of AMF can increase growth and better yield maize. A dosage of 10 g AMF/plant is the best treatment, increasing plant height, cob length, cob diameter, dry shelled weight, and 100 seed weight, each 3, 04%, 5.5%, 8.1%, 50.21%, and 8.42% compared to no AMF.Keywords: arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, intercropping, maize, oil palm 
Characteristics of the moringa mother tree in the population of East Flores, East Nusa Tenggara Setiadi, Adi; Hosang, Evert Yulianes
Kultivasi Vol 22, No 2 (2023): Jurnal Kultivasi
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/kultivasi.v22i2.47005

Abstract

The moringa plant (Moringa oleifera Lam.) is a member of the Moringaceae family that grows in Indonesia. Moringa plants have many benefits, both as a source of food, medicine, and cosmetics. The development of moringa plants in Indonesia has not been carried out because it is still constrained by the absence of a mother tree and a source of moringa seed gardens. This study aims to identify morphological characters and production potential in two populations of moringa plants. The research was conducted in August 2021 in East Flores District, East Nusa Tenggara Province. The research was conducted by determining the selected mother tree (SMT), observing morphological characters, and seed production. Exploration of selected parent trees was carried out using a survey method on two moringa plant populations in Tiwatobi and Harubala villages. Observations of plant morphological characters were carried out on quantitative and qualitative characters. The production potential is carried out by estimating the production of moringa seeds in each population. The results showed that there were 19 SMTs in the first population and 29 SMTs in the second population. There are 27 morphological characters that have been observed, with the potential for seed production in each population of 314,554 seeds and 529,538 seeds per year.Keywords: moringa, morphology, mother tree, seed, population
Testing of resistance to downy mildew on several sweet corn inbred lines of 7th generation Kustanto, Heri
Kultivasi Vol 22, No 2 (2023): Jurnal Kultivasi
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/kultivasi.v22i2.41992

Abstract

Sweet corn is one of the most well-known horticultural crop commodities and can adapt to various climates and environments. Efforts to control downy mildew disease continue to be carried out in collaboration with various parties in different ways, including genetic improvement of the varieties planted. The purpose of this study was to test the resistance of the 7th generation of sweet corn inbred lines to downy mildew and to find out the phenotypic characters that affect downy mildew. The new inbred lines obtained from the results of a long breeding process will be better tested for resistance to downy mildew before crosses are carried out among these inbred lines to guarantee better the development of new varieties of sweet corn that are resistant to downy mildew. The experiment was conducted from August to November 2019 in Getasrejo, Grobogan, and Central Java. The material consisted of 10 kinds of maize inbred line seeds and two comparison varieties. The experiment was carried out using a randomized block design with three replications. One of the obstacles that is difficult to overcome in sweet corn cultivation is downy mildew disease (Peronosclerospora spp.). The conclusions of this study were: (1) Inbred lines HSJM 08, HSJM 06, HSJM 07, HSJM 02, HSJM 05, HSJM 04, and HSJM 01 were categorized as highly resistant genotypes. HSJM 09 can be categorized as a resistant inbred line. Inbred lines HSJM 10 and HSJM 03 were classified as moderately resistant genotypes. (2) The characters of leaf width, leaf length, leaf wet weight, leaf dry weight, and leaf moisture content can be considered in determining selection criteria against downy mildew disease on sweet corn.Keywords: attack, resistance, sweet corn, downy mildew
Vitamin C and total soluble solid content of crystal guava at different storage duration and ripeness Khafid, Abdul; Nurchayati, Yulita; Hastuti, Endah Dwi; Setiari, Nintya
Kultivasi Vol 22, No 2 (2023): Jurnal Kultivasi
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/kultivasi.v22i2.44124

Abstract

Crystal guava (Psidium guajava var. 'Crystal') fruit is in great demand because of its delicious taste and high nutritional content. Storage aims to prevent postharvest damage to the fruit. However, storage that is too long causes morphological damage and decreased nutrients. This study aims to determine the effect of storage duration, fruit ripeness stage and the interaction between both factors on vitamin C and total soluble solids (TSS) content of crystal guava, and determine which treatment can produce the highest vitamin C and TSS. Fruits harvested simultaneously with three levels of ripeness based on the skin color: unripe fruit is dark green, ripe is light green, very ripe is yellowish green. Samples selected based on the same weight range. Storage was carried out for 0, 5, and 10 days at ± 10oC. The study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with a 3x3 factorial pattern with two factors: storage duration and fruit ripeness level. Parameters observed were vitamin C, TSS, weight loss, diameter shrinkage, skin color and hardness. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and DMRT. Both treatments showed an interaction on vitamin C content. The best treatment was unripe fruit stored for ten days with 14.955 ppm of vitamin C. Both treatments did not show any interaction on TSS content. The best treatment was five days storage with TSS of 8.25 °Brix and very ripe fruit of 8.21 °Brix. Based on vitamin C, TSS content, and physical condition variables, the best guava fruit is unripe fruit stored for 10 days.Keywords: color, postharvest, physical, quality, softening
Effectiveness of modified nitrogen fertilizer on soil chemical properties and rice plant growth in the textile industrial area Sudirja, Rija; Rosniawaty, Santi; Rahayu, Sri Muji; Qurrohman, Budy Frasetya Taufik
Kultivasi Vol 22, No 2 (2023): Jurnal Kultivasi
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/kultivasi.v22i2.47097

Abstract

The imbalance of nutrients and heavy metal contamination is a challenge in increasing plant growth surround the textile industry area. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of the dosage of Biologically Agent N Organo Mineral Fertilizer (Biomix-N) as a fertilizer and an ameliorant in paddy soil contaminated with textile liquid waste. This study used a randomized block design of eight treatments with four replications. Parameters observed were soil chemical properties after application of Biomix-N (Na-ex, total N, EC, Cd, and pH), rice plant growth (plant height and tiller number), Cd concentration in the plant, and relative agronomic effectiveness (RAE). Data analysis used analysis of variance, Duncan's test at a 5% level, regression, and correlation analysis. The results showed that Biomix-N 500 kg ha-1 affected the value of EC and total N, while it did not affect Na-ex, Cd, pH and Cd uptake by the paddy plant. Biomix-N fertilization affects the height and number of tillers of rice plants at the age of 70 DAP. Biomix-N fertilization 500 kg ha-1 gave an RAE value of 126-176% compared to the control treatment. The total N content of the soil has a high value of coefficient determinant and correlation (R2= 0.76; R = 0.9) on the growth of rice plants. Applying Biomix-N 500 kg ha-1 equal to 300 kg ha-1 of urea was an effective dose for paddy soil surround the textile industrial area.Keywords: Cadmium, nutrient balance, soil amendment
Leaf character of sugar palm on various shades and concentrations of liquid organic fertilizer Widarawati, Rosi; Syarifah, Risqa Naila Khusna; Prakoso, Budi
Kultivasi Vol 22, No 2 (2023): Jurnal Kultivasi
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/kultivasi.v22i2.42439

Abstract

Palm sugar has been developed to produce various products and raw materials for their derivatives. There is a very high morphological diversity of sugar palm plants, while the morphological identification of different sugar palm plant species in Banten province is still limited. The aim of this research is to determine the effect of different treatments, such as shade percentage, liquid organic fertilizer concentration, and a combination of both, on the properties of palm leaves. The experimental design used in this study was the 2-factor RCBD split plot with 3 levels each. The first factor is the variation of the shadow percentage, namely N0 (no shadow), N1 (55% shadow), and N2 (85% shadow). The second factor is different concentrations of liquid organic fertilizer (POC), namely P0 (0 ml/liter water), P1 (1 ml/liter water), and P2 (2 ml/liter water). The results showed that different types of shade yielded insignificant results in terms of variable number of leaves, total leaf area, and leaf greenness. The different types of liquid organic fertilizer concentration treatments and treatment combinations of shade percentage and liquid organic fertilizer concentrations did not influence any of the observed variables.Keywords: growth, organic fertilizer, palm, shade 
Response of four local cassava accessions to bio-mulch application time Suwitono, Bayu; Chozin, Muhamad Achmad; Guntoro, Dwi; Suwarto, Suwarto
Kultivasi Vol 22, No 2 (2023): Jurnal Kultivasi
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/kultivasi.v22i2.44256

Abstract

Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is widely planted on marginal land with low soil fertility. During the initial growth phase, cassava often loses competition against weeds. Legume cover crops are widely used to increase soil fertility, prevent erosion, and suppress weeds. This study aimed to determine the effect of Arachis pintoi bio-mulch application time on the growth and yield of cassava. This study was conducted using a factorial randomized block design. The first factor was four cassava accessions: Ketan Malang, Genjah Bayam, IR Jonggol, and Mangu. The second factor was six levels of bio-mulch planting time: manual weeding (without bio-mulch applications), bio-mulch planting at the same time as cassava planting, and four, eight, and twelve weeks before cassava planting. The observations included plant height, stem diameter, number of tubers, tuber weight, tuber length, plant biomass, dry matter, and productivity. The results showed that all cassava accessions responded similarly to the planting time of A. pintoi bio-mulch. Different bio-mulch application time was insignificant in the cassava growth, except for the number of tubers and tuber diameter. The twelve weeks before cassava planting tends to reduce the results of cassava accessions.Keywords: Arachis pintoi, cover crop, dry land, growth, yield
A review of low-frequency latex harvesting systems that lessen the tapper shortage problem of the smallholders' natural rubber production Zaw, Zar Ni
Kultivasi Vol 22, No 2 (2023): Jurnal Kultivasi
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/kultivasi.v22i2.48317

Abstract

Smallholders' rubber production is encountering problems of skilled tapper shortage and high production costs resulting from increased worker wages and the substantial growth of new mature areas. Low-frequency latex harvesting system (LFLHS) effectively improves tapper productivity with long-term optimum yield by reducing the tapper requirement. LFLHS reduces tapper requirement by 33% to 67% of the conventional harvesting systems. Under the d3 (tapping every three days) frequency harvesting system, a tapper is assigned to cover three tasks, and his productivity is at least 30% higher than that of the d2 (alternative daily) frequency harvesting system. The cumulative yield of LFLHS is comparable to that of d2 frequency. It is economically profitable when the cumulative yield of LFLHS reaches 90% of the d2 frequency tapping as a break-even yield. Its low number of tapper requirement and high productivity saves tapping cost. 20% to 55% of tapping cost can be reduced by shifting the harvesting frequency from d2 to d3. The virgin bark of basal panels could be tapped at least four to ten years more than conventional tapping systems. The low bark consumption allows sufficient time for the regeneration of bark tissues resulting in a potentially higher yield from the renewed bark. Thus, sustainable economic yield is achievable for a productive lifespan of 30 to 35 years from the LFLHS. These advantages of LFLHS contribute to reducing the tapper requirement and cost of production, ensuring increased profits and a longer economic lifespan of rubber production.Keywords: Latex harvesting system, Tapper requirement, Tapper productivity, Tapping cost
A Review of Sapodilla Beneficial Use, Production Status, and Propagation Technique Budiarto, Rahmat; Dwinanda, Syahvan Rifqi; Pakpahan, Hansel Arie; Komala, Mega; Yusti, Yusti
Kultivasi Vol 22, No 2 (2023): Jurnal Kultivasi
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/kultivasi.v22i2.44437

Abstract

Manilkara zapota, commonly known as sapodilla, is one of tropical fruits, originating from Central and South America that is still less popular in Indonesia, as compared to banana, citrus, mango, etc. To gain its popularity, it is crucial to review beneficial uses, existing production status and propagation techniques of sapodilla. In general, sapodilla is used for either table fresh fruit. Additionally, it contains various bioactivities in its fruit, stem, and leaves, such as antioxidant, antimicrobe, and antitumor activity; thus, become very potential for pharmaceutical purposes. The existing production data of sapodilla determine the West Java Province as the biggest production area in Indonesia, with total contribution of about 21% or 38.250 tons. In more detail, the top production area at the village level with a local sapodilla cultivar, namely Sukatali sapodilla, is found in Sukatali Village in Situraja Subdistrict, Sumedang District, West Java Province. Sapodilla can be propagated by using both reproductive and vegetative methods. Vegetative propagation of grafting is commonly used to produce shorter juvenile and uniform seedlings. However, it is highly dependent upon the grafting type, grafting season, and scion diameter. The modified cleft grafting is the best grafting type rather than cleft and veneer grafting. Several rootstocks that are commonly used for sapodilla seedling are Chrysophyllum lanceolatum and Manilkara hexandra. June-July is the best period to having grafting. The scion with a diameter of 5.02 mm is recommended due to adequate food reserves for recovery growth.

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