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Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan
ISSN : 19799187     EISSN : 25282751     DOI : -
Core Subject : Economy,
First published in 2007, Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan (BILP) is a scientific journal published by the Trade Analysis dan Development Agency (Badan Pengkajian dan Pengembangan Perdagangan - BPPP), Ministry of Trade, Republic of Indonesia. This bulletin is expected to be a media of dissemination and analysis of research results to be used as references for academics, practitioners, policy-makers, and the general public. In collaboration with professional associations, The Indonesian Society of Agricultural Economics (Perhimpunan Ekonomi Pertanian Indonesia - PERHEPI), BILP publishes research reports and analysis of trade sector and/or sector-related trade which have not been published in any other journals/scholarly publications, either in Bahasa Indonesia or English. Publishing twice a year in July and December, this Bulletin is directly disseminated to stakeholders both in print and online.
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Articles 7 Documents
Search results for , issue "Vol 14 No 2 (2020)" : 7 Documents clear
POSISI GVC INDONESIA DI WILAYAH ASEAN-KANADA Siti Mir'atul Khasanah; Dian Dwi Laksani; Nur Ulfa Mutiara Suwari
Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan Vol 14 No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30908/bilp.v14i2.414

Abstract

Abstrak Rantai Nilai Global atau Global Value Chain (GVC) adalah alat yang berguna untuk melacak pola pergeseran dari produksi global. Kontribusi Indonesia dalam GVC di wilayah ASEAN-Kanada masih rendah, hal ini dapat dilihat dari nilai intermediate input yang lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan nilai final input. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis posisi GVC Indonesia di wilayah ASEAN-Kanada. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis input-output dengan berdasar pada data World Input Output Databases (WIOD). Hasil studi ini menunjukkan bahwa dalam lingkup ASEAN, kontribusi Indonesia dalam GVC masih rendah, dapat dilihat dari nilai intermediate input yang lebih rendah dari nilai final input. Bila dibandingkan dengan negara-negara lain ASEAN (yang memiliki ekspor terbesar ke Kanada) yaitu Vietnam, Thailand, dan Malaysia, persentase ekspor barang intermediate Indonesia hanya sebesar 48,3%, lebih rendah dibandingkan negara-negara lainnya. Indonesia harus terus mengambil peran aktif di GVC. Di masa depan, Indonesia harus lebih aktif untuk dapat meningkatkan nilai tambah pada ekspor sebagai intermediate input, sehingga akan berdampak pada positif perekonomian Indonesia secara berkelanjutan. Kata Kunci: ASEAN-Kanada FTA, GVC, Nilai Tambah Abstract Global Value Chain (GVC) is a useful tool to track shifting patterns of global production. Indonesia's contribution in GVC is still low, this can be seen from the lower intermediate input value compared to the final input value. The result of this study aims to analyze the position of Indonesia in the GVC in ASEAN-Canada region. The study used input-output analysis based on World Input Output Databases (WIOD). The study shows that within ASEAN, Indonesia’s contribution in GVC is low, it can be seen from the input intermediate value which is lower than the final input value. When compared with other ASEAN countries (which have the largest exports to Canada), as Vietnam, Thailand, and Malaysia, the percentage of Indonesia’s intermediate exports is only 48.3%, which is lower than those of these countries. Indonesia should continue to take active role on GVC. In the future, Indonesia should be proactive to be able to increase added value on export as intermediate input. To indeed it will positively impact Indonesia's economy in a sustainable manner. Keywords: ASEAN-Canada FTA, GVC, Added Value JEL Classification: A11, B17, B22, B41
EVALUASI KESESUAIAN PASAR RAKYAT KABUPATEN BOGOR BERBASIS KEBUTUHAN PENGGUNA Luksi Paryatno; Ernan Rustiadi; Netti Tinaprilla
Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan Vol 14 No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30908/bilp.v14i2.425

Abstract

Abstrak Pasar rakyat merupakan salah satu sumber Pendapatan Asli Daerah (PAD) di Kabupaten Bogor. Pembangunan pasar mengacu pada Perda Kota Bogor No.11 Tahun 2012 dengan memperhatikan kebutuhan masyarakat di sekitarnya supaya dapat dimanfaatkan secara optimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat kesesuaian kondisi pasar rakyat dengan SNI pasar dan kebutuhan penggunanya. Fasilitas yang dievalusi yaitu sarana prasarana, kebersihan, keamanan, dan aksesibilitas dengan analisis deskriptif terhadap persentase kesesuaian kondisi eksisting dengan SNI pasar. Metode Important Performance Analysis (IPA) digunakan untuk mengukur indeks kepentingan dan kinerja fasilitas pasar serta metode Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI) untuk mengukur indeks kepuasan pengguna terhadap pasar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa belum ada pasar yang 100% sesuai dengan SNI Pasar Rakyat. Berdasarkan persepsi pengguna, terdapat 4 fasilitas penting yang harus diperhatikan pengelola yaitu jumlah hidran air, lokasi hidran air, jumlah CCTV, dan lokasi CCTV. Masih diperlukan kebijakan dalam pengelolaan dan perbaikan pada fasilitas yang tersedia di sebagian besar pasar rakyat yang ada di Kabupaten Bogor, dimana secara keseluruhan tingkat kepuasan pengguna terhadap pasar rakyat kelas I dan kelas II masuk pada kriteria cause for concern dan pada pasar kelas III masuk pada kriteria poor dengan rata-rata kepuasan secara keseluruhan pasar sebesar 70 %. Kata Kunci: Pasar Rakyat, Analisis Kepentingan, Tingkat Kepuasan, IPA dan CSI, SNI Abstract Traditional market is one of revenue source (PAD) in Kabupaten Bogor. The market development must refer to Bogor local government regulation No. 11 Tahun 2012 and incorporate the needs of society around them to be optimize maximally. This study aims to find the consistency of the traditional market condition against SNI on market and the needs of the users. The evaluated facilities are the condition of infrastructure, cleanliness, security, and accessibility. Analysis using have been carried out with a method of descriptive heading for measuring the percentage of the consistency of the exsisting traditional market condition with SNI Pasar. A method of Important Performance Analysis (IPA) used to measure performance index of interest and facilities as wel as a method of customer satisfaction index (CSI) for measuring user satisfaction index to the traditional market. The results showed that there was no market that was 100% in accordance with the SNI Pasar Rakyat. Based on the users perception, there are 4 important facilities that must be considered which are the number of water hydrants, the location of water hydrants, the number of CCTVs, and the location of CCTV. Therefore, market management policy is still needed to improve management and facilities at traditional market in Kabupaten Bogor, where overall user satisfaction to the market class I and class II in on the cause for concern and on class III markets enters at the poor overall satisfaction with an average of 70%. Keywords: Traditional Market, Performance Analysis, Customer Satisfaction, IPA and CSI, SNI JEL Classification: F12, F13, F1
THE IMPACT OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY UTILIZATION IN THE TRADE SECTOR ON ITS PRODUCTIVITY, LABOR AND ECONOMIC GROWTH Muhammad Rizal Taufikurahman; Ahmad Heri Firdaus
Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan Vol 14 No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30908/bilp.v14i2.432

Abstract

Abstrak Kehadiran ekonomi digital sebagai bagian dari revolusi industri 4.0 yang telah membuka peluang baru dalam bidang perdagangan dan menjembatani kepentingan produsen, konsumen, dan pasar tanpa dibatasi ruang dan waktu. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis dampak pemanfaatan teknologi digital pada sektor perdagangan terhadap produktivitasnya, penyerapan tenaga kerja dan pertumbuhan ekonomi. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah metode analisis model Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) dinamik. Hasil analisis menunjukkan digitalisasi di sektor perdagangan meningkatkan jumlah outputnya sebagai produktivitas jangka pendek dan panjang. Adapun dampak terhadap penyerapan tenaga kerja di perkotaan dan pedesaan menurunkan jenis pekerjaan tertentu pada periode analisis terutama tenaga kerja terampil rendah. Selanjutnya dampak terhadap GDP riil meningkat pada periode analisis. Kebijakan yang direkomendasikan adalah perlu perbaikan akurasi dan validitas database produk-produk yang kompetitif, strategi antisipatif untuk tenaga kerja yang terdistrupsi, pelayanan perizinan akses semakin mudah, optimalisasi aplikasi teknologi digital dalam tata kelola perdagangan, dan perbaikan sarana prasarana informasi dan teknologi. Kata Kunci: Teknologi Digital, Produktivitas, Tenaga Kerja, Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Abstract The presence of a digital economy as part of the industrial revolution 4.0 has opened up new opportunities in trade and bridged the interests of producers, consumers, and markets without being constrained by time and space. The study aims to analyze the impact of digital technology utilization on the trade sector on its productivity, labor, and economic growth. The analysis method used is the Dynamic Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) model. The analysis results show that digitalization in the trade sector increases output as productivity in the short and long term. The impact on labor in urban and rural areas reduces certain types of work in the analysis period, especially low skilled labor. Furthermore, during the analysis period, the impact on real GDP increases. The recommended policy is to improve the accuracy and validity of competitive products' database, anticipatory strategies for labor that have disrupted, easier access licensing services, optimization of digital technology applications in trade governance, and improvement of information and technology infrastructure. Keywords: Digital Technology, Productivity, Labor, Economic Growth JEL Classification: F12, F13, F15
THE AWAKENING OF INVESTMENT CREATION: A CASE STUDY FROM SOUTH-EAST ASIA Indriana Oktavia; Kiki Verico
Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan Vol 14 No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30908/bilp.v14i2.438

Abstract

Abstrak ASEAN membentuk integrasi ekonomi, seperti ASEAN Free Trade Area (AFTA), AFTA+1, dan ASEAN Economic Community (AEC), untuk meningkatkan perdagangan intra dan investasi antarnegara ASEAN. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk meneliti dampak integrasi ekonomi ASEAN terhadap ASEAN FDI (AFDI) dan perdagangan intra ASEAN (AIT). Penelitian ini menggunakan data sepuluh negara ASEAN dan enam negara mitra selama periode 2001-2017 dan di estimasi dengan menggunakan Generalized Least-Square (GLS). Hasil estimasi menunjukkan CEPT-AFTA ASEAN6 tidak dapat meningkatkan AIT dan AFDI. Dampak positif CEPT-AFTA pada AFDI dan AIT hanya terjadi pada tahun 2015, meskipun dampak pada AIT tidak signifikan. Penelitian ini mengindikasikan bahwa AFTA+ dapat meningkatkan AIT dan AFDI antara negara-negara ASEAN+6. AEC memiliki dampak positif pada AFDI dan dampak negatif pada AIT. Penelitian ini juga menyimpulkan bahwa jika dengan kerangka ASEAN+ menyebabkan investment creation di kawasan ASEAN+6. Untuk memperkuat perdagangan dan investasi, maka pemerintah perlu memperkuat kerja sama melalui Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP). Kata Kunci: ASEAN, FDI, AFTA, Perdagangan Intra, AEC Abstract ASEAN created several economic integrations, such as the ASEAN Free Trade Area (AFTA), AFTA+1, and ASEAN Economic Community (AEC), to increase intra-trade and investment between ASEAN countries. This study aimed to examine the impact of ASEAN economic integration to ASEAN FDI (AFDI) and ASEAN Intra-Trade (AIT). The data consists of ten ASEAN countries and six partner countries from 2001 to 2017. It was estimated using the Generalized Least-Square (GLS). Estimation results showed that CEPT-AFTA ASEAN6 could not increase AIT and AFDI. The positive impact of CEPT-AFTA on AFDI and AIT occurred in 2015, with insignificance on AIT. The study also indicated that AFTA+ could increase AIT and AFDI between ASEAN+6 countries. Contrarily, AEC provided a positive impact on AFDI and an insignificant negative impact on AIT. The study concluded that the ASEAN+ framework causes investment creation in ASEAN and partner countries. The government needs to strengthen cooperation through Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) to escalate FDI and trade. Keywords: ASEAN, FDI, AFTA, Intra-Trade, AEC JEL Classification: F13, F14, F15
REVITALISASI PASAR DAN STABILISASI HARGA KOMODITAS PANGAN Dwi Ariestiyanti; Vid Adrison
Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan Vol 14 No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30908/bilp.v14i2.440

Abstract

Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat hubungan antara pelaksanaan program revitalisasi pasar dengan stabilisasi harga komoditas pangan. Penelitian ini dilihat dari sudut pandang pemerintah dan juga menggunakan data pasar dari 95 Kabupten/kota yang ada di Indonesia. Pelaksanaan revitalisasi pasar rakyat berbeda-beda di tiap daerah di Indonesia. Hal ini dilihat dari berapa anggaran yang dikeluarkan di daerah tersebut, kepadatan penduduk, total pasar serta pasar yang direvitalisasi dan juga pendapatan per kapita. Penelitian ini menggunakan data harga 10 komoditas dari Pusat Informasi Harga Pangan Strategis (PIHPS) Nasional, data anggaran revitalisasi pasar yang diperoleh dari Kementerian Perdagangan dan juga data Potensi Desa (PODES) 2014 dan 2018 dari Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) untuk melihat data jumlah pasar permanen dan semi permanen. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode data panel dari koefisien variasi dan laju perubahan harga dari 10 komoditi pangan per bulan dari tahun 2016-2019 dari 95 kabupaten/kota di Indonesia. Di estimasi dengan model Random Effect. Studi ini membuktikan bahwa pelaksanaan revitalisasi/pembangunan baru pasar rakyat hanya dari sisi anggaran revitalisasi berkorelasi dengan stabilitas harga komoditas pangan. Oleh karena itu, pemberian anggaran untuk revitalisasi pasar harus di awasi karena apabila digunakan secara tepat oleh daerah akan dapat menciptakan stabilisasi harga komoditi di pasar yang sudah direvitalisasi. Kata kunci : Stabilitas Harga, Revitalisasi Pasar, Harga Komoditas Pangan, Random Effect. Abstract This study aims to look at the relationship between the implementation of the market revitalization program and the stabilization of food commodity prices. This research is seen from the perspective of the government and uses market data from 95 districts/cities in Indonesia. The revitalization of people's markets varies in each region in Indonesia. This can be seen from the amount of budget spent in the area, population density, total market and revitalized market and per capita income. This study uses 10 commodity price data from the National Strategic Food Price Information Center (PIHPS), market revitalization budget data obtained from the Ministry of Trade and also 2014 Village Potential Data (PODES) and 2018 from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) to see market number data permanent and semi-permanent. This study uses panel data method from the coefficient of variation and the rate of change in prices of 10 food commodities per month from 2016-2019 from 95 districts / cities in Indonesia. Estimated by the Random Effect model. This study proves that the implementation of revitalization/new development of people's markets only in terms of revitalization budget correlates with the stability of food commodity prices. Therefore, the granting of a budget for market revitalization must be monitored because if it is used properly by the regions, it will be able to create commodity price stabilization in a revitalized market. Keyword: Price Stability, Market Revitalization, Food Commodity Prices, Random Effects JEL Classification: D40, E63, E64
DIVERSIFIKASI EKSPOR NON MIGAS INDONESIA KE PASAR NON TRADISIONAL Hotsawadi Harahap; Widyastutik
Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan Vol 14 No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30908/bilp.v14i2.442

Abstract

Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis diversifikasi ekspor non migas Indonesia ke pasar non tradisional. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah analisis statistik deskriptif dengan pendekatan pengelompokan (clustering), Structural Match Index dan Demand Index, serta regresi data panel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa negara yang diidentifikasikan sebagai negara non tradisional potensial adalah Brazil, Pantai Gading, Mesir, Georgia, Jamaica, Kazakhstan, Kuwait, Myanmar, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Russian Federation, Trinidad and Tobago, Turkey, United Arab Emirates, dan Uruguay. Hasil regresi data panel menunjukkan bahwa Random Effect Model merupakan model yang terbaik untuk menjelaskan faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi ekspor non migas Indonesia ke negara non tradisional. Hasil regresi menunjukkan bahwa GDP riil negara tujuan, populasi negara tujuan, nilai tukar riil, FDI dan kualitas pelabuhan Indonesia berpengaruh signifikan secara statistik terhadap ekspor non migas Indonesia ke negara non tradisional potensial tersebut. Beberapa rekomendasi kebijakan yang perlu dilakukan untuk meningkatkan ekspor non migas ke negara tujuan non tradisional diantaranya perlu dilakukan intelejen pasar mengenai kebutuhan dan selera dari masing-masing negara non tradisional atas produk Indonesia, peningkatan kualitas pelabuhan Indonesia dan kebijakan tambahan yang memberikan insentif untuk menarik Foreign Direct Investment ke Indonesia. Kata Kunci: Diversifikasi Ekspor, Demand Index, Non traditional, Random Effect Model, Structural Match Index Abstract This study aims to analyze the diversification of Indonesia's non-oil and gas exports to non-traditional markets. The research method used is descriptive statistical analysis with a clustering approach, Structural Match Index and demand index, and panel data regression. The results showed that countries identified as potential non-traditional countries were Brazil, Ivory Coast, Egypt, Georgia, Jamaica, Kazakhstan, Kuwait, Myanmar, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Russian Federation, Trinidad and Tobago, Turkey, United Arab Emirates, and Uruguay. The panel data regression results show that the random effect model is the best model to explain the factors that influence Indonesia's non-oil exports to non-traditional countries. The results show that the real GDP of the destination country, the population of the destination country, the real exchange rate, FDI and the quality of Indonesia's ports have a statistically significant effect on Indonesia's non-oil exports to these potential non-traditional countries. Then, in this study there are several policy recommendations that need to be done to increase non-oil and gas exports to non-traditional destination countries including market intelligence regarding the needs and tastes of each non-traditional country for Indonesian products, improving the quality of Indonesian ports and additional policies that provide incentives to attract Foreign Direct Investment to Indonesia. Keywords: Export Diversification, Demand Index, Non-traditional, Random Effect Model, Structural Match Index JEL Classifications: F13, F15, F18
ORGANIC FOOD MARKET IN JAVA AND BALI: CONSUMER PROFILE AND MARKETING CHANNEL ANALYSIS Mukhamad Najib; Ujang Sumarwan; Stevia Septiani
Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan Vol 14 No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30908/bilp.v14i2.447

Abstract

Abstrak Tren keamanan pangan menjadi isu sensitif dalam industri pangan saat ini. Pertanian organik dapat menjadi alternatif solusi karena memiliki keseimbangan lingkungan, kesehatan, dan kebermanfaatan bagi petani lokal. Namun, tingginya harga produk serta skala produksi yang masih rendah menjadi faktor yang membatasi pertumbuhan pasar pangan organik di dalam negeri. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis perilaku konsumen pangan organik, menganalisis saluran pemasaran dan memformulasikan alternatif saluran pemasaran pangan organik dalam negeri. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara purposive dimana kriteria responden adalah mereka yang mengetahui pangan organik dan berdomisili di lima kota besar pulau Jawa dan Bali. Survei saluran pemasaran dilakukan di Jakarta dan Jawa Barat dengan mewawancarai aktor-aktor di setiap rantai nilai. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan peluang pasar pangan organik cukup besar, karena umumnya responden telah menyadari bahwa pangan organik baik untuk kesehatan. Konsumen pangan organik saat ini termasuk kelompok middle class segment berusia 20-50 tahun, pekerja kantoran dan berpenghasilan di atas Rp 9 juta. Bagi konsumen, label sertifikasi pangan organik lebih penting dari merek. Saluran pemasaran organik sangat bervariasi. Pada pasar B2C pemanfaatan digital marketing dapat meminimalisir risiko finansial petani organik. Sementara pasar B2B dapat dioptimalkan melalui kerjasama perhotelan, restoran, kafe, rumah sakit, dan industri pengolahan makanan sehat, serta didukung kebijakan pemerintah yang selaras. Kata Kunci: Pangan Organik, Perilaku Konsumen, Saluran Pemasaran, Negara Berkembang Abstract The trend of food safety is a sensitive issue in the food industry today. Organic agriculture can be an alternative solution because it has a right balance in terms of the environment, health and benefits for local farmers. However, high prices for organic products and low production scale limit the growth of the domestic organic food market. This research aims to analyze organic food’s consumer behavior, analyze the existing marketing channels and formulate alternative marketing channels for the domestic organic food supply chain. Sampling was carried out by purposive sampling method in which the criteria for respondents were those who know about organic food and live in five big cities in Java and Bali. The marketing channel survey was conducted in Jakarta and West Java by interviewing each actor in the value chain. The results showed that organic food’s market opportunity was quite large, because the respondents were generally aware that organic food was good for health. Organic food consumers are currently included in the middle-class segment, aged 20-50 years, office workers, and income more than IDR 9 million a month. For consumers, certification labels are more important than brands in organic food. On the one hand, organic marketing channels still vary widely. In the B2C market, the use of digital marketing can minimize the financial risks of organic farmers. On the other hand, the B2B market can be optimized through cooperation in hotels, restaurants, cafes, hospitals, and the healthy food processing industry, supported by government policies. Keywords: Organic Food, Consumer Behavior, Marketing Channels, Developing Countries JEL Classifications: D11, F10, F18

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