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ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences

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Published by Universitas Diponegoro

ISSN : 08537291 EISSN : 24067598 DOI : -

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Earth & Planetary Sciences

ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences (IJMS) is dedicated to published highest quality of research papers and review on all aspects of marine biology, marine conservation, marine culture, marine geology and oceanography.

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Karakterisasi dan Identifikasi Bakteri Simbion Karang Goniastrea aspera Resisten terhadap Logam Berat Copper (Cu) dari P. Panjang, Jepara Agus Sabdono
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 14, No 3 (2009): Jurnal Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Studi komunitas mikroba yang berasosiasi dengan karang Goniastrea aspera di P. Panjang, Jepara dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik mikrobial molekuler berbasis kultur dependen. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengisolasi, menyeleksi dan mengidentifikasi bakteri simbion karang yang resisten terhadap logam Cu. Pola toleransi terhadap logam Cu ketujuhbelas isolat dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode difusi agar. Isolat GN10 diseleksi untuk studi lebih lanjut karena memiliki karakter yang paling resisten terhadap logam Cu yang selanjutnya dikarakterisasi secara fisiologis dan molekuler. Analisis sekuen gen subunit kecil (SSU) rRNA menunjukkan bahwa isolat GN10 memiliki kekerabatan terdekat dengan Virgibacillus marismortui Strain 123 dengan derajat kesamaan 99%. Bakteri V. marismortui strain GN10 ini merupakan kandidat yang dapat digunakan sebagai indikator uji dan memiliki potensi di dalam penerapan bioteknologi dari bakteri yang resistan terhadap logam berat pada lingkungan laut yang tercemar maupun tidak tercemar. Kata kunci: resisten, Copper, Virgibacillus marismortui, MIC The microbial community associated with coral Goniastrea aspera from Panjang Island, Jepara waters was investigated using culture dependent molecular microbial techniques. The objectives on this study were to isolate, select and identify bacteria associated with coral Goniastrea aspera which resistant to heavy metal Copper (Cu). The tolerance patterns, expressed as MICs, for 17 coral bacteria to Cu heavy metal were surveyed by using an agar diffusion method. The most copper-resistant bacterium, GN10 isolat, was selected further to examine its molecular and physiological characteristics. Small-subunit rRNA gene-based analyses indicated that this bacterium was closely related to Virgibacillus marismortui strain 123, with a high homology of 99%. This bacterium may serve as bioassay indicator organisms and may be potential for biotechnological applications for metal-resistant bacteria in polluted and non-polluted marine environments. Key words: resistant, Copper, Virgibacillus marismortui, MIC

Bioecology of Sargassum sp. and its Extract Bioactivity as Anti-MDR Bacteria Rini Pramesti; Wilis Ari Setyati; Muhammad Zainuddin; Maya Puspita
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 22, No 4 (2017): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

This study was done to investigate the bioecology and extract bioactivity of Sargassum sp from Jepara district. Seaweed was collected from Teluk Awur, Panjang Island, Bandengan, Ujung Piring and Bondo. There were seven species of Sargassum identified i.e. S. duplicatum, S. polycystum, S. echinocarpum, S. cinerium, S. crassifolium, S. plagyophillum and S. binderi. Community structure indices were calculated based on data collected by survey. Antibacterial activity of Sargassum extract was done on MDR bacteria. The results showed that diversity index at Panjang Island, Bandengan, and Ujung Piring were categorized as medium, while Teluk Awur and Bondo were categorized as low. Evenness index was high at Teluk Awur, Panjang Island, Bandengan and Ujung Piring and Bondo was low. There was no dominant species found in most of the locations. The principal component analysis exhibited the main variable that affected the Sargassum at Teluk Awur was phosphate, Panjang Island was depth, Ujung Piring was salinity and Bondo was temperature, dissolved oxygen and pH, respectively. There was character similarity between Panjang Island and Bandengan (99.73%), meanwhile, at Teluk Awur, Ujung Piring, and Bondo, the similarity was 99.62%, 99.60%, and 99.52%, respectively. Antibacterial activity of Sargassum sp. demonstrated a positive activity against the MDR bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus (6.28±0.04 mm), Escherichia coli (6.96±0.19 mm), and S. epidermidis (12.65±0.23 mm). Clustering analysis of extracts with bactericidal characteristic found three classes with similarity of class 1, 2 and 3 at 72.33%, 76.80% and 58.50%, respectively. Sargassum sp. was categorized in class 1 had the best antibacterial activity and the highest abundance value. Keywords: ecology, community, Sargassum sp., extracts, antibacterial

Distribusi dan Kelimpahan Polychaeta di Kawasan Hutan Mangrove Klaces dan Sapuregel, Segara Anakan, Cilacap Agus Indarjo; Widianingsih Widianingsih; Ari B Abdulah
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 10, No 1 (2005): Jurnal Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Tingginya produktivitas mangrove menjadikan hutan mangrove memiliki fungsi ekologis yang pentingbagi makhluk hidup, yaitu sebagai tempat memijah, pembesaran dan mencari makan. Biota yang hiduppada ekosistem mangrove antara lain ikan, udang, kepiting, moluska dan polychaeta. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui distribusi dan kelimpahan polychaeta di daerah Klaces dan Sapuregel yang memiliki perbedaan tingkat sedimentasi. Hasil penelitian telah ditemukan 20 famili polychaeta, 5 famili di Klaces dengan kelimpahan 44,68 ind/ m2 dan 17 famili di Sapuregel dengan kelimpahan 88,38 ind/m2. Biomassa untuk 4 famili yang dominan di kedua lokasi penelitian tidak memiliki perbedaan yang signifikan kecuali pada famili Capitellidae yaitu 0,026 g/ind di Klaces dan di Sapuregel 0,012 g/ind. Indeks keanekaragaman (H’) di Klaces dan Sapuregel masing-masing adalah 0,49 (keanekaragaman famili rendah) dan 1,11 (keanekaragaman famili sedang), serta indeks keragamannya (e) 0,27 dan 0,30 (keseragamanfamili rendah). Indeks dominasi (C) di Klaces 0,64 (terdapat famili yang mendominasi) lebih besar dariSapuregel yaitu 0,33(tidak terdapat famili yang mendominasi).Kata kunci : polychaeta, distribusi, kelimpahan, mangroveThe high productivity in mangrove area has ecological function which is important for other living organisms, among others is for spawning area, nursery and feeding area. The biota which is live in mangrove ecological system are fish, shrimp, crab, mollusc, and polychaeta. The objective of this research is to look for the distribution and abundance of polychaeta in Klaces and Sapuregel area where are have difference sedimentation level. Twenty polychaeta families were found in this research, 5 families in Klaces and 17 families in Sapuregel. Abundance of polychaeta in Klaces was 44,68 ind/m2, this was fewer than in Sapuregel. The biomass for 4 families which was dominant in two research area were not have significant different, except Capitellidae. Biomass Capitellidae was 0,026 g/ind in Klaces and 0,012 g/ind in Sapuregel. Diversity Index (H’) in each research area Klaces and Sapuregel were 0,49 (low diversitylevel) and 1,11 (moderate diversity level) with evenness index (e) 0,27 and 0,3 (low evenness indexlevel). Domination index (C) in Klaces was 0,64 and in Sapuregel was 0,23. This value shows thatdomination index Klaces was more than Sapuregel.Key words : polychaeta, distribution, abundance, mangrove

Bakteri Simbion Gastropoda Pleuroploca trapesium Dari Perairan Ternate, Sebagai Alternatif Antibakteri MDR (Bacterial Symbiont Gastropoda Pleuroploca trapezium from Ternate, as Alternative Antibacterial MDR) Delianis Pringgenies; Person Pesona Renta
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 19, No 1 (2014): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Bakteri yang resisten terhadap beberapa jenis antibakteri ini dikenal dengan bakteri multi drug resistant (MDR).Untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut, perlu dilakukan pencarian senyawa antibiotik baru yang lebih efektif dan efisien dalam mengatasi permasalahan bakteri MDR. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi bakteri yang bersimbiosis dengan gastropoda Pleuroploca trapezium sebagai sumber antibakteri MDR. Sampel Moluska dikoleksi dari perairan Ternate, Maluku. Tahapan penelitian meliputi isolasi bakteri, skrining bakteri simbion yang potensi sebagai anti bakteri MDR, uji antibakteri, isolasi bakteri patogen klinis MDR; uji sensitivitas anti-bakteri, ekstraksi, amplifikasi dan sekuensing DNA. Hasil 16S urutan r-DNA dianalisis dan diedit menggunakan program Genetix dan diikuti dengan analisis urutan 16S rDNA. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 19 isolat bakteri dengan 5 bakteri aktif yang berasosiasi dengan Pleuroploca trapezium. Berdasarkan besarnya zona hambat yang dibentuk dan konsistensi munculnya zona hambatan, isolat terbaik adalah TPT 4.7. Isolat ini memiliki hubungan yang dekat dengan Paracoccus sp. MBIC4019 dengan homologi sebesar 95% yang menunjukkan kekerabatan ditingkat genus. Hasil penelitian ini memberikan harapan adanya potensi besar sebagai bahan antibakteri baru. Kata kunci: antibakteri, simbion, Pleuroploca trapezium, multi drugs resistantThe bacteria resistant to some antibiotics are known as multi drug resistant (MDR). To overcome the problem, it is needed to search for a new antibiotic compounds more effectively and efficiently. This study aims to identify potential from symbionts of Pleuroploca trapezium as a source of antibacteria MDR and identifying the bacteria that were active against the MDR. Samples were collected from Ternate, Maluku. Isolation of symbiotic bacteria, screening for bacteria which producing secondary metabolites as anti-MDR bacteria, antibacterial test, isolation of clinical pathogenic bacteria of MDR. Conducting anti-bacterial sensitivity test, sensitivity test for antibacterial, DNA exctraction, DNA amplification based on PCR method, DNA sequencing. Result of 16S r-DNA sequence was then analyzed and edited using GENETYX program and followed by 16S rDNA sequence analysis. Screening of bacteria associated with P. trapezium resulted in 19 isolates with 5 active bacteria. Based on the size of the zone forming and the consistency of zone, so the best isolate is TPT 4.7. The identification shows that TPT 4.7 has a close relationship with the Paracoccus sp. MBIC4019 with homologi of 95%, which shows the relationship at the genus level. Its suggest that these results are very promising as a new antibacterial material. Keywords: antibacterial, symbiotic bacteria, Pleuroploca trapezium, multi drugs resistant

Application of Aquaculture Natural Food Produce by Protoplast Fusion Process of Dunaliella salina and Phaffia rhodozyma Hersugondo Hersugondo; Hermin Pancasakti Kusumaningrum; Muhammad Zainuri
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 15, No 4 (2010): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Recently, fishponder income tend to be static so that required an effort to accurately and efficiently one of them through aquacultures food diversification. So far, efforts to observe the pattern of introduction of a new feed, applications and their impact on aquaculture and fish farmers income has never been measured. Diversification of feed use protoplast fusion process from D. salina and P. rhodozyma which rich in natural carotenoids is needed in aquaculture because they will increase survival and body weight of animal farming. Different types of carotenoids can be combined through a process of protoplasm fusion making it cheaper, faster and efficient for diversification and development of carotenoid-rich diet. The specific objectives of this research is the development of natural food aquaculture with high carotenoid content using protoplasm fusion from the microalgae D. salina and yeast P. rhodozyma. The early stage in this research will cultivate recombinant followed by quantitative analysis of carotenoid production compared with controls. The second stage is the food diversification with different concentrations of recombinant and comparisons with commercial food followed by cost-benefit analysis. The research results have been obtained which most carotenoid-rich natural food resulted from recombinant fusion of D. salina and P. rhodozyma. Its application in vitro have increased body weight of shrimp comparing to artificial feed. In addition, recombinant food showing stable growth in both freshwater and salt water, can breed naturally and are safe for animal aquaculture consumption and also the environment. Key words : carotenoid, protoplast fusion, D. salina, P. rhodozyma, recombinant Selama ini pendapatan petani tambak cenderung statis sehingga diperlukan suatu upaya secara tepat dan efisien salah satunya melalui diversifikasi pakan. Sejauh ini usaha untuk mengamati pola introduksi suatu pakan baru, aplikasi dan dampaknya terhadap budidaya dan pendapatan petani tambak belum pernah terukur. Diversifikasi pakan mengggunakan pakan kaya karotenoid alami sangat dibutuhkan dalam budidaya perikanan karena terbukti dapat meningkatkan keloloshidupan dan menambah bobot hewan budidaya. Kedua jenis karotenoid β-karoten dan astaxantin dapat digabungkan melalui proses fusi protoplasma sehingga lebih murah, cepat dan efisien untuk diversifikasi dan pengembangan pakan kaya karotenoid. Tujuan khusus penelitian ini adalah pengembangan usaha budidaya untuk meningkatkan pendapatan petani tambak melalui diversifikasi pakan akuakultur dengan kandungan karotenoid tinggi hasil fusi protoplasma alga Dunaliella salina dan khamir Phaffia rhodozyma. Tahap awal dalam penelitian ini akan melakukan kultivasi pakan rekombinan Dunaliella salina dan Phaffia rhodozyma diikuti analisis produksi karotenoid secara kuantitatif dibandingkan dengan kontrol. Tahap kedua adalah diversifikasi pakan dengan perbedaan konsentrasi fusan dan perbandingan dengan jenis pakan lain diikuti dengan analisis untung rugi. Kata kunci : karotenoid, fusi protoplas, D. salina, P. rhodozyma, rekombinan

Pemanfaatan Fenomena Pertumbuhan Compensatory pada Budidaya Ikan Nila Merah (Oreochromis niloticus) A. Santoso; Ali Djunaedi; Sarjito Sarjito
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 7, No 2 (2002): Jurnal Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Penelitian dilakukan untuk melihat fenomena pertumbuhan compensatory pada pemeliharaan ikan nila merah (O. niloticus). Penelitian skala laboratorium dilakukan dari pertengahan Agustus sampai pertengahan Oktober 2001, di hatchery Ilmu Kelautan FPK Undip, Teluk Awur, Jepara. Benih ikan nila merah (berat ratarata 37,74±1,16 gr) yang berasal dari Balai Benih Ikan yang sebelumnya diaklimatisasikan pada kondisi laut dipelihara dalam bak-bak percobaan (kepadatan 5 ekor/m3). Masing-masing bak percobaan berlsi 12 ekor ikan. Perlakuan pemuasaan diberikan dengan 3 kali pengulangan selama satu bulan percobaan, yaitu: ikan diberi pakan setiap hari (A/kontrol): ikan diberi pakan selama 6 hari diikuti pemuasaan 1 hari (B): ikan diberi pakan selama 5 hari diikuti pemuasaan 2 hari (C); ikan diberi pakan selama 4 hari diikuti pemuasaan 3 hari (D). Pakan diberikan 2x sehari sebanyak 5% dari biomassa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ikan pada semua perlakuan mengalami pertumbuhan, sebagai berikut, 7,42 gr/minggu (A), 7,18 gr/minggu (B), 3.44 gr/minggu (e), dan 5,34 gr/minggu (D). Meskipun tingkat pertumbuhan berbeda, tetapi secara statistik tidak ada perbedaan dalam tingkat pertumbuhannya. Hasil ini menunjukkan telah terjadi pertumbuhan compensatory. dan kemungkinan adanya penghematan pakan sebesar 14 - 43%.Kata kunci: nila merah, pertumbuhan ompensatory, tingkat pertumbuhan The experiment was done to investigate compensatory phenomenon on the of red tilapia (O. niloticus). The experiment was prepared and commenced from the mid of A ugust to the the mid of October 2001 at the hatchery of Marine Science, Undip, In Teluk Awur Jepara, under the laboratory condition. Red tilapias of mean weight of 37.74 g ÷SD 1.16 obtained from the Hatchery were acclimated in seawater conditions. The fish were cultured in the tanks with a density of 5 fish/m3 (12 fish/tank). The treatments were feeding dally (A/control): fish fed 6 days-a day unfed (B),·fish fed 5 days-2 days unfed (C): and fish fed 4 days-3 days unfed (D). Feeding frequency was twice a day with 5% of the biomass. The results showed that all of the fish at the different treatment tended to grows: and the growth rates were A)7.42 g/week, B)7.18 g/week. C)3.44 g/week and D)5.34 g/week. Satistically, however there was no significant difference of the growth rate among the fish (Ancova). The results also suggested that the compensatory growth occurred, and there was a possibility to save the foods about 14 to 43%.Keywords: red tilapia, compensatory growth, growth rate

Kondisi Terumbu Karang di Perairan Pulau Panjang Jepara Agus Indarjo; Wisnu Widyatmoko; Munasik Munasik
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 9, No 4 (2004): Jurnal Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Kondisi terumbu karang di Pulau Panjang telah mengalami ancaman dari aktivitas manusia di daratan Pulau Jawa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kondisi terumbu karang di perairan Pulau Panjang. Hasilpenelitian menunjukkan bahwa kondisi terumbu karang di Pulau Panjang dalam tingkatan sedang hingga buruk/rusak. Sebagian dari jumlah stasiun-stasiun di kedalaman 3 meter dalam kondisi sedang, sebagianlainnya dalam kondisi buruk/rusak. Sedangkan semua stasiun di kedalaman 7 meter dalam kondisi buruk/ rusak. Indeks keanekaragaman jenis tergolong sedang yaitu 1,277 – 2,879, dan Indeks dominansi berkisar antara 0,065 – 0,338.Kata kunci : terumbu karang, Pulau Panjang, struktur komunitasThe increasing human activities in Java Island has lead decraising of coral reef conditions in Panjang Island. The purpose of the reseach was to investigate the conditions of coral reef in Panjang Island waters. Theresult show that the coral reef in Panjang Island tended to be at bad level condition. In the three meters deep on some stations tended at medium level conditoin and some of them tended at bad level condition. But, in the seven meters deep on all stations tended at bad level condition. The diversity indeks showed medium category that are between 1,277 – 2,879 and Indeks of domination showed between 0,065 – 0,338Key words : Coral reef, Panjang Island, Communty structure

Horizontal Distribution of Salinity and Temperature on Merbok Estuary, Malaysia Muhammad Syukri
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 14, No 2 (2009): Jurnal Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Telah dilakukan studi mengenai karakteristik dan distribusi salinitas dan temperatur dan water system di estuaria Merbok dan di sekitar perairan pantai. Penelitan ini difokuskan pada proses-proses fisika. Hasil analisis menunjukkan suatu pola variabilitas khusus mengenai fenomena yang terjadi secara horizontal. Pada kondisi debit air (discharge) yang tinggi, air dengan salinitas (isohalines) rendah akan terdapat di dekat mulut sungai. Pada kondisi debit air rendah, keberadaan air sungai mengisi lebih jelas di estuaria bagian bawah. Pola yang sama juga teramatiuntuk parameter temperatur di daerah yang sama yang disebabkan rendahnya debit sungai. Dengan debit yang lebih tinggi dapat menyebabkan perubahan temperatur air payau dibandingkan debit yang lebih rendah. Hal ini menyebabkan terjadi proses transisi stratifikasi antara debit air yang tinggi dan rendah tersebut.Kata kunci: debit sungai (discharge), salinitas, temperatur, perairan pantai, estuaria. The characteristics and distribution of the salinity and temperature and water systems in the Merbok Estuary and nearby coastal waters are examined. This research focuses mainly on physical processes. The results analysis provides an insight the typical scales of variability of the horizontal phenomena. During high discharges, the lower salinity water (isohalines) was more evident near the estuary mouth due to high discharge. During low discharge, the invasion of freshwater in the lower estuary was much less pronounced. Similar temperature trend was observed for the estuary possibly due to low discharge phenomenon. Bigger amount of freshwater can dictate the brackish water temperature compare to smaller amount of freshwater. There was a transition in stratification between high and low river discharge. Key words : river discharge; salinity; temperature; coastal water; estuary

Acoustic Observation of Zooplankton Using High Frequency Sonar (Observasi Akustik Zooplankton Menggunakan Sonar Frekuensi Tinggi) Henry M Manik
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 20, No 2 (2015): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Underwater acoustic sampling techniques provide an advantage over traditional net-sampling for zooplankton research. The research presents a methodology for extracting both biological and physical information from high frequency sonar. These methods can easily provide the information that will improve our understanding of the spatial and temporal distribution of zooplankton. Measured acoustic data converted into biological organisms and numerical physics-based scattering models were used in this research. The numerical backscattering process was modeled using the Distorted-Wave Born Approximation (DWBA) to predict the amount of sound scattered by a weakly scattering animal. Both acoustic measurement and DWBA modeled scattering patterns showed that acoustic scattering levels are highly dependent on zooplankton orientation. The acoustic backscattering from zooplankton depends on the material properties (i.e. the sound speed and density of the zooplankton), the shape and size, and the orientation relative to the incident acoustic wave. DWBA model significantly improve the accuracy and precision of zooplankton acoustic surveys. Zooplankton data measurement and DWBA model analysis provide a basis for future acoustical studies.

Kecepatan Filtrasi Kerang Hijau Perna viridis terhadap Skeletonema sp pada Media Tercemar Logam Berat Timbal (Pb) dan Tembaga (Cu) Chrisna Adi Suryono
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 11, No 3 (2006): Jurnal Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Kerang Hijau dalam mendapatkan makanannya dengan cara menyaring plankton dari perairan. Cara mendapatkan makanan yang demikian memungkinkan logam berat yang terlarut didalamnya ikut masuk kedalam tubuh Kerang Hijau. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh logam berat Pb dan Cu terhadap kecepatan filtrasi kerang hijau. Penelitian berskala laboratorium ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan 4 perlakuan Pb dan 4 perlakuan Cu masing masing diulang 3 ulangan. Untuk mengetahui adanya perbedaan kecepatan filtrasi diuji dengan Anova. Hasil penelitian menunjukan semakin besar konsentrasi Pb atau Cu menunjukan semakin menurunnya filtrasi kerang hijau terhadap Skeletonema sp.Kata kunci: Perna viridis, filtrasi, Pb, Cu, Skeletonema spThe green mussels collects their food including plankton by filtration on surrounding water. Collecting food by this technique is possible disillusioned by heavy metal such as Pb and Cu entered to the body. Thepurpose of the present study was to understand the effect of heavy metal Pb and Cu on the filtration of green mussel to Skeletonema sp. The laboratory experiment was held using randomized design with 4 treatments each and 3 replications. Anavo test was used to distinguish the differences among treatment. The result show that the increasing of concentration of Pb and Cu will reducwd filtration rate of the green mussel on Skeletonema sp.Key words: Perna viridis, filtration, Pb, Cu, Skeletonema sp

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Contact Email
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Phone
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Journal Mail Official
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Editorial Address
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Location
Kota semarang,

Jawa tengah

INDONESIA