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Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 25490273     EISSN : 25490273     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Public Health
Background: Increased blood pressure for a long time can increase the risk of kidney failure, co­ronary heart disease, brain damage, and other di­seases. In 2019, it is estimated that hyper­tens­ion is experienced by 1.13 billion people in the world with most (two thirds) living in low and mid­­dle income countries. Other study also shows that the police and military are at risk of develop­ing hypertension due to a number of factors such as low know­led­ge about healthy and nutritious food, co-workers who are smokers, and consum­ing alco­hol. This study aimed to analyze the risk factors for hypertension in the police and military in the world using meta analysis. Subjects and Method: This was a meta-ana­lysis and systematic review. The articles used we­re obtained from Google Scholar, Springer Link, Pro­­Quest, and Science Direct databases. Selected arti­cles published from 2000 to 2020. Keywords to search for articles are as follows: hypertension po­lice personnel and military, or hypertension po­lice personnel and military. The articles studi­ed are 3 full text articles with cross sectional stu­dy designs and 1 full text articles with case cont­rol study design. Articles are col­lect­ed using PRI­S­­­MA diagrams, and analy­zed us­ing the Re­vi­ew Ma­nager application 5.3. Results: Overweight (aOR= 1.42; 95% CI = 1.01 to 2.00; p= 0.04), alcohol consumption (aOR­=­ 1.­55; 95% CI= 1.12 to 2.12; p= 0.007), ciga­rette con­­­­sumption (aOR= 1.45 ; 95% CI= 1.06 to 1.97; p= 0.020) is a risk factor for hyper­­­tension in the po­­­lice and military. Conclusion: Overweight, alcohol consump­tion, and cigarette consump­tion, are risk fac­tors for hypertension in po­lice and military personnel.
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Articles 12 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 6, No 2 (2021)" : 12 Documents clear
The Effect of Iron Deficiency Anemia on the Child Death Related to HIV/AIDS Infection: Meta-Analysis Ambarwati, Dyah; Dewi, Yulia Lanti Retno; Murti, Bhisma
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol 6, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Abstract

Background: A quarter of the world's popula­tion suffers from iron deficiency anemia with various causes. Anemia has an impact on a child's quality of life, even if it is of mild or moderate severity. This study aims to analyze the effect of hemoglobin levels on the mortality of children infected with HIV/AIDS using a meta-analysis.Subjects and Method: This was a systematic review and meta-analysis. Article searches were conducted using electronic databases, namely Google Scholar and PubMed. Article sub­mission time is 1 month. Article search is done by several methods, namely boolean operators, handsearching, and keywords and MesH. The articles included in this study are articles that have a cohort study design. The systematics of article collection was carried out using the PRISMA-P flow chart. All articles were ana­lyzed using the Review Manager 5.3.Results: Hemoglobin < 10 g/dl (aHR= 2.80; 95% CI=2.02 to 3.89; p<0.001), hemoglobin <9 g/dl (aHR= 1.82; 95% CI=1.31 to 2.51; p<0.001), and hemoglobin <8 g/dl (aHR= 1.77; 95% CI=1.43 to 2.20; p<0.001) has an effect on mortality of children infected with HIV/AIDS.Conclusion: Low hemoglobin levels increase the risk of death in children infected with HIV/AIDS.Keywords: hemoglobin, anemia, iron, child deathCorrespondence: Dyah Ambarwati. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: ambarwati.dyah27@gmail.com. Mobile: +6287735486570Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health (2021), 06(02): 158-169 https://doi.org/10.26911/jepublichealth.2021.06.02.03
Are Sitting Position and Working Duration Associated with Low Back Pain in Workers?: A Meta-Analysis Prianggi, Herawati; Murti, Bhisma; Prasetya, Hanung
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol 6, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Abstract

Background: Low back pain (LBP) is general­ly suffered by adults due to the position of the activity while working continuously. LBP can have an impact on an individual's quality of life because it can cause pain and impaired body/ movement functions. This study aims to syste­matically and quantitatively synthesized the relationships of sitting posture position, work­ing duration, and low back pain in workers.Subjects and Method: A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted by collecting articles from a number of databases such as PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar. The keywords used in the article search were “Low Back Pain” AND “Low Back Pain” AND “Office Employees” “work attitude”, “work atti­tude” AND “years of service OR “Low Back Pain” Low Back Pain OR work attitude” “years of service” OR “work attitude” “Work attitude AND Low Back Pain OR Low Back Pain AND “year of service “Low Back Pain” AND “adjust­ed odds ratio” “Years of service” AND “adjusted odds ratio ”Pathophysiology Low Back Pain". Articles were collected and selected using the PICO model, including: (1) Population = office workers, (2) Intervention = sitting position and length of service, (3) Comparison= without intervention, and (4) Outcome= low back pain. Inclusion criteria in this study is full-text, the article uses an observational study design, the article is published from 2004 to 2021, the research population is workers, reports the Adjusted Odd Ratio (AOR). The articles that have been collected are selected using the PRISMA diagram. The qualitative synthesis of research data was tested using the Review Manager application (RevMan 5.3).Results: Meta-analysis of 9 cross-sectional studies showed that workers who worked 5 years had a risk of experiencing low back pain 1.43 times compared to <5 years (aOR= 1.87; 95% CI= 1.43 to 0.95; p= 0.08). Meta-analysis of 7 cross-sectional studies showed that workers who sat for 8 hours had a risk of expe­riencing low back pain 1.31 times com­pared to <8 hours (aOR= 1.31; 95% CI = 0.64 to 2.54, p= 0.43).Conclusion: Length of work 5 years and sitting position 8 hours increase the risk of experiencing low back pain in office employees.Keywords: low back pain, sitting position, working period, office workerCorrespondence: Herawati Prianggi. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: herawatiprianggii@gmail.com. Mobile: 089670447344Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health (2021), 06(02): 211-221https://doi.org/10.26911/jepublichealth.2021.06.02.08
Nicotine Chewing Gum and Its Correlation with Smoking Cessation: A Meta-Analysis Hartono, Roni; Safitri, Lina Eta
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol 6, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Abstract

Background: Smoking is a human behavior that has a very bad impact on health. Mortality and morbidity due to smoking cannot be under­estimated. Non-communicable diseases become high morbidity among smokers, such as diabetes, reduced fertility, coronary heart disease, and countless health complications. This study aims to analyze the effect of the use of nicotine gum on the success of smoking cessation based on a number of previous similar studies.  Subjects and Method: This is a systematic review and meta-analysis conducted by follow­ing the PRISMA flow diagram. The process of searching for articles through a journal data­base which includes: Google Scholar by select­ing articles published in 2010-2020. With key­words, among others: “Nicotine Replacement Therapy” OR Gum Nicotine-” AND “Smoking cessation. The inclusion criteria were full paper articles with experimental study design, articles in English, bivariate analysis with Odds Ratio. Eligible articles were analyzed using the Revman 5.3 app.Results: A total of five articles were reviewed in this study using a randomized controlled trial design. A meta-analysis of five randomized controlled trials showed that 0.81 times the use of nicotine gum did not help smokers quit smoking compared with placebo (OR 0.81; 95% CI 0.48 to 2.12; p = 0.400).Conclusion: Nicotine gum does not help smokers to quit smoking.Keywords: Gum Nicotine, smoking cessation, SmokeCorrespondence: Roni Hartono. Faculty of Psychology, Univer­sitas Teknologi Sumbawa, Jl. Raya Olat Maras, Batu Alang, Moyo Hulu, 84371, Sumbawa Besar. Email: roni.hartono@uts.ac.idJournal of Epidemiology and Public Health (2021), 06(02): 170-176https://doi.org/10.26911/jepublichealth.2021.06.02.04
Meta-Analysis the Association between Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Comorbidity and COVID-19 Mortality Daniyar, Pamogsa Ratri Adha; Kristiyanto, Agus; Rahardjo, Setyo Sri
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol 6, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Abstract

disease that hit the world community at the end of 2019. The risk of death from COVID-19 is highly dependent on age and previous health conditions. COVID-19 severe and critical symptoms are more commonly found in older patients and patients who have chronic comor­bidities such as cardio­vascular disease, hyper­tension, diabetes, including COPD. This study aims to deter­mine the relationship between COPD and mortality of COVID-19 patients in hospitals.Subjects and Method: This a meta-analysis study using the PRISMA flowchart guidelines. The article search process was carried out between 2020-2021 using databases from PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, BMJ Garuda, SINTA, and National Library. Based on the database, there were 9 articles that met the inclusion criteria. The analysis was carried out using RevMan 5.3 software.Results: A total of 9 articles reviewed in the meta-analysis showed that comorbid COPD had a statistically significant association with hos­pital mortality of COVID-19 patients (aOR = 1.51; 95% CI= 1.21 to 1.9; p < 0.001).Conclusion: COPD comorbidities have an increased risk of dying of COVID-19 patients in hospital.Keywords: CPOD, COVID-19, death, meta-analysisCorrespondence: Pamogsa Ratri Adha Daniyar. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: pamogsadaniyar@gmail.com. Mobile: +62 852-9060-1552.Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health (2021), 06(02): 222-231https://doi.org/10.26911/jepublichealth.2021.06.02.09
Meta-Analysis the Effects of Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus on Covid-19 Mortality Kurniawati, Oktaviana; Prasetya, Hanung; Murti, Bhisma
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol 6, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Abstract

Background: COVID-19 is a disease caused by a new coronavirus called SARS-CoV-2. In more severe cases, COVID-19 can cause death. The most severe COVID-19 patient mortality is associated with underlying health conditions. The most common associated comorbidities are pulmonary disease, diabetes, obesity, and old age. However, the effects of obesity and T2DM disease on the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic are controversial. This study aims to analyze the magnitude of the influence of obesity and T2DM on COVID-19 mortality.Subjects and Method: This study uses a systematic review and meta-analysis research design. The time of the selected test results is between January 2020 to January 2021. The search for articles is carried out for 1 month. Research data was searched from databases: PubMed, Google Scholar, JAMA, Willey, and Science Direct. Using search keywords: (Type 2 diabetes mellitus OR diabetic) AND (mortality OR death) AND (COVID-19 /OR Coronavirus OR SARS-CoV-2) AND ("adjusted odds ratio" OR "aOR"), (obesity OR obese) AND (mortality OR death) AND (COVID-19 OR Coronavirus OR SARS-CoV-2) AND ("adjusted odds ratio" OR "aOR"). The inclusion criteria in this study were full-text articles in English, observational study designs were collected using PRISMA, and analyzed using the Review Manager application (RevMan 5.3).Results: A total of 15 articles were reviewed in this study. A meta-analysis of 10 cohort studies showed that people with COVID19 who had comorbid obesity were 1.50 times more likely to die from COVID-19 compared to those without obesity (aOR = 1.50; 95% CI = 1.17 to 1.93; p = 0.001). A meta-analysis of 6 cohort studies showed people with COVID-1919 who had comorbid T2DM 1.93 times to die from COVID-19 compared with those without T2DM (aOR = 1.93; 95% CI = 1.28 to 2.90; p = 0.002).Conclusion: Obesity and T2DM are predictors of COVID19 mortality. Keywords: obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, mortality, COVID 19 Correspondence: Oktaviana Kurniawati. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: oktaniawati94@gmail.com. Mobile: 085865463742.Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health (2021), 06(02): 177-191https://doi.org/10.26911/jepublichealth.2021.06.02.05   
Effects of Aerobic Exercise and Yoga Breathing Exercise (Pranayama) on Blood Pressure in Hypertensive Patients Khairunissa, Khairunissa; Tamtomo, Didik Gunawan; Prasetya, Hanung
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol 6, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Abstract

Background: Uncontrolled hypertension or high blood pressure is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Non-pharmacological treatment has become an important part of hypertension management. Aerobic exercise and yoga breathing exercise (pranayama) are types of non-pharmacological treatment that have an effect on lowering blood pressure. This study aims to examine the effect of aerobic exercise and yoga breathing exercise (prana­yama) on blood pressure in hypertensive patients.Subjects and Method: The meta-analysis was carried out according to the PRISMA guidelines. Articles with randomized controlled trial study designs published in 2010-2020 were included using databases from PubMed, Science Direct, Research Gate, and Google Scholer. Based on the database, there were 20 articles that met the inclusion criteria. This study involved 1564 subjects which were divided into, 953 aerobic exercise subjects and 611 yoga breathing exercise (pranayama) subjects. The analysis was carried out using RevMan 5.4 software.Results: A total of 20 articles were reviewed in the meta-analysis. A total of 11 articles in the meta-analysis showed a statistically significant effect of the aerobic exercise intervention on reducing systolic blood pressure (SMD = -0.93; 95% CI= -1.33 to -0.53; p< 0.001) and diastolic blood pressure (SMD= -0.56; 95% CI= -0.92 to -0.20; p= 0.002). A total of 9 articles conducted meta-analysis showed a statistically significant effect of yoga breathing exercise (pranayama) intervention on reducing systolic blood pressure (SMD= -1.68; 95% CI= -2.52 to -0.84; p< 0.001). There was a statistically insignificant effect on the decrease in diastolic blood pressure (SMD= -0.65; 95% CI= -1.54 to 0.25; p= 0.16).Conclusion: Aerobic exercise and yoga breathing exercise (pranayama) can lower blood pressure in hypertensive patients. Keywords: Aerobic exercise, yoga breathing exercise, pranayama, blood pressure, hyper­tension, meta analysisCorrespondence: Khairunissa. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: khairu­nissahabibi02@gmail.com Mobile: 081779226­622.Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health (2021), 06(02)https://doi.org/10.26911/jepublichealth.2021.06.02.01
Meta Analysis the Effect of Intervention Based School toward Nutrition on Body Mass Index Wulandari, Wulandari; Dewi, Yulia Lanti Retno; Murti, Bhisma
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol 6, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Abstract

Background: Body mass index (BMI) is a metric used to define anthropometric characte­ristics and classify interpretations of individual fatness indexes. The International Association For The Study Of Obesity (IASO) and the Inter­national Obesity Task Force (IOTF) calculate that 200 million school children worldwide are overweight or obese. This study aims to estimate the magnitude of the effect of school-based interventions for nutrition on body mass index based on a number of previous primary studies.Subjects and Method: This study is a syste­matic study and meta-analysis, with the following PICO Population = students (SMP) and (SMA) with obesity. Intervention= School-based inter­ventions for nutrition. Comparison= no inter­vention. Outcomes in the form of body mass index. The articles used in this study were obtained from several databases, including PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar. This article was collected for 1 month. The keywords to search for articles were as follows: “School-based intervention” AND “Nutrition ” “AND “ Obesity “ AND “BMI” OR “Body Mass Index” AND “Randomized Controlled Trial”. The articles included in this study are full-text articles with a Randomized Controlled Trial study design. Arti­cles were collected using PRISMA flow diagrams. Articles were analyzed using the Review Manager 5.3 applicationResults: A total of 9 articles were reviewed in this meta-analysis. The study showed that school-based interventions for nutrition had an effect on lowering body mass index (Standardized Mean Difference = -0.23; 95% CI = -0.39 to 0.007 p= 0.005).Conclusion: School-based interventions for nutrition lower body mass index.Keywords: school-based interventions, nutrition, obesity, Body mass index. Correspondence: Wulandari. Masters Program In Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java, Indonesia. Email: Wulan074@gmail.com.Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health (2021), 06(02): 192-200https://doi.org/10.26911/jepublichealth.2021.06.02.06 
Meta Analysis: Effect of Mammography Screening on Breast Cancer Mortality Titisari, Bening Rahimi; Widyaningsih, Vitri; Murti, Bhisma
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol 6, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Abstract

Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer experienced by women in developing and developed countries. One of the early detection of breast cancer is mammo­graphy. This study aims to analyze the effect of screening mammography on breast cancer mortality by using a meta-analysis study.Subjects and Method: This was a systematic review and meta-analysis conducted using PRISMA flow diagrams. Search articles through journal databases including: Google Scholar, PubMed, and BMJ by selecting articles published in 2005-2020. The keywords used are “Mammography” AND “Mortality” AND “Breast Cancer”. The inclusion criteria were full text articles with an observational study design, articles in English, multivariate analysis with adjusted Hazard Ratio. Eligible articles were analyzed using the Revman5.3 app.Results: A meta-analysis of 11 cohort studies showed that screening mammography was 0.65 times lower in breast cancer mortality com­pared with women who were not screened for mammography (aHR= 0.65; 95% CI= 0.54 to 0.79; p=0.0001).).Conclusion: Mammography screening reduces breast cancer mortality.Keywords: Mammography Screening, Breast Cancer, Meta-analysisCorrespondence: Bening Rahimi Titisari. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl.Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: dr.beningbiru@gmail.com. Mobile: 082­194287848Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health (2021), 06(02): 148-157https://doi.org/10.26911/jepublichealth.2021.06.02.02
Meta-Analysis the Association between Obesity and Periodontitis in Adults Khairunnisa, Lia; Dewi, Yulia Lanti Retno; Pamungkasari, Eti Poncorini
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol 6, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Abstract

Background: The risk of periodontal disease was 2.9 times higher in the obese group compared to the normal group. Periodontitis is one of the 10 most common chronic diseases affecting the world's population. Obesity contri­butes to an increased complexity of periodontal pathogens and an increase in inflammatory cytokines. Lifestyle changes, including a higher intake of added sugars, increase susceptibility to energy imbalances that often lead to weight gain and other long-term health consequences including periodon­titis. This study aims to estimate the relationship between obesity and periodontitis in adults based on the results of a number of previous studies.Subjects and Method: This is a systematic study and meta-analysis. The articles used in this study were obtained from several data­bases, including PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar. The articles used in this study are articles that have been published from 2000-2021. The search for articles was carried out by considering the eligibility criteria defined using the PICO model. The study population was adults with an intervention in the form of obesity, a comparison that was not obese, and the outcomes in the form of periodontitis. This article was collected for 1 month. The keywords to search for articles were as follows: “Adult” AND “obesity” OR “body mass index” AND “periodontitis” OR “perio­dontal disease” AND “adjusted odds ratio”. The articles included in this study are full-text articles with a cross-sectional study design. Articles were collected using PRISMA flow dia­grams. Articles were analyzed using the Review Manager 5.3 application.Results: A total of 11 articles were reviewed in this study. Studies have shown that obesity can increase the incidence of periodontitis in adults by 1.23 times compared to non-obese (aOR 1.23; 95% CI 1.15 to 1.33; p<0.001).Conclusion: Obesity increases periodontitis in adultsKeywords: obesity, body mass index, periodontitis, periodontal diseaseCorrespondence: Lia Khairunnisa. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: liakhairunisa36@gmail.com.Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health (2021), 06(02): 201-210https://doi.org/10.26911/jepublichealth.2021.06.02.07   
Risk Factors of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Elderly
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol 6, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Abstract

Backround: Non-communicable diseases arise in the elderly. The degenerative cycle decreases the resistance of the body, so that it is vulnerable to infectious diseases. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is characterized by chronic hyperglycemia and impaired carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins metabolism caused by complete or partial insufficiency of insulin secretion and/or insulin action. This study aimed to examine the risk factors of type 2 DM among elderly at Muhammadiyah General Hospital, North Sumatera.Subjects dan Method: This was a case control study carried out at Muhammadiyah Hospital, North Sumatera, in 2018. A total of 148 elderly patients was selected for this study, consisting of 74 patients with type 2 DM and 74 patients without type 2 DM. The dependent variable was the incidence of type 2 DM. The independent variables were family DM history, smoking habit, physical activity, carbohydrate diet, fiber diet, body mass index (BMI), abdo­minal circumference, and hypertension. The data were collected by questionnaire and ana­lyzed using multivariate analysis.Results: The risk of type 2 DM increased with family history of DM (OR= 4.62; 95%CI: 1.89 to 11.27; p<0.001) lack 0f physical activity (OR= 3.13; 95%CI= 1.30 to 7.55 p=0.001), smoking habit (OR= 2.67; 95% CI= 1.10 to 6.44 p= 0.005), central obesity (OR= 2.85; CI= 1.11 to 7.33 p= 0.001),high consume of carbohydrate (OR= 2.90; 95% CI= 1.13 to 7.40; p= 0.01), and lack of fiber intake (OR= 4.83; CI= 2.02 to 11.58 p<0.001). The association between type 2 DM and BMI, blood pressure, and carbohy­drate, was not statistically significantConclusion: Type 2 DM risk increased with DM family history, lack of physical activity, smoking habit, abd central obesity, and lack of fiber intake.Keywords: type 2 diabetes mellitus, elderlyCorrespondence: Yulia Afrina Nasution. Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, North Sumatera. Email: yuliadokter@gmail.com. Mobile: 081370888764.Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health (2021), 06(02): 232-244https://doi.org/10.26911/jepublichealth.2021.06.02.10.

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