Jurnal Respirologi Indonesia
Jurnal Respirologi Indonesia (JRI) is an online and printed scientific publication of the Indonesian Society of Respirology (ISR). The journal is published thrice-monthly within a year (January, April, July and October). The journal is focused to present original article, article review, and case report in pulmonary and critical care medicine.
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<![CDATA[Pediatric Hemoptysis ]]>
<![CDATA[Hana Khairina Putri Faisal]]>;
<![CDATA[Faisal Yunus]]>;
<![CDATA[Nastiti Rahajoe]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Respirologi Indonesia Vol 41, No 3 (2021) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Perhimpunan Dokter Paru Indonesia (PDPI)/The Indonesian Society of Respirology (ISR) ]]>
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DOI: 10.36497/jri.v41i3.189
<![CDATA[Hemoptysis or expectoration of blood is one of the respiratory symptoms in children, hemoptysis is hard to detect because it is often swallowed. The common causes of hemoptysis in adults include bronchiectasis, tuberculosis, pulmonary mycosis, and lung cancer. On the other hand, hemoptysis in children is often caused by tracheobronchitis, pneumonia, bronchiectasis in cystic fibrosis, and foreign body aspiration. Bleeding of the pulmonary artery or bronchial artery is the cause of hemoptysis. Upper airway examination is important to rule out epistaxis as the cause of hemoptysis. The primary objectives of hemoptysis management are asphyxia management, bleeding cessation, and treatment of the underlying disease. When all other treatments fail to stop the bleeding, surgery is recommended.]]>
<![CDATA[Pulmonary Health of Traffic Policemen in Low Air-Polluted Bogor Area ]]>
<![CDATA[Harris Abdullah]]>;
<![CDATA[Jamal Zaini]]>;
<![CDATA[Budhi Antariksa]]>;
<![CDATA[Agus Dwi Susanto]]>;
<![CDATA[Faisal Yunus]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Respirologi Indonesia Vol 41, No 3 (2021) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Perhimpunan Dokter Paru Indonesia (PDPI)/The Indonesian Society of Respirology (ISR) ]]>
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DOI: 10.36497/jri.v41i3.183
<![CDATA[Background: Traffic policemen are very susceptible to respiratory problems due to the potential for exposure to air pollution. Therefore, this study aimed to assess respiratory health aspects of traffic policemen in Bogor, West Java. Method: Registered traffic policemen in Bogor were evaluated for respiratory symptoms, smoking habits, Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND) Questionnaire, chest x-ray, and spirometry. Air quality measurements were also carried out as a reference. Result: During the study period, the air quality in Bogor was classified as “Good” and below the ambient air pollutant standard. A total of 95 traffic policemen participated with a mean age of 37.3±8.7 years (range 23–57 years), mean Body Mass Index (BMI) of 28.1±4.2 kg/m2, and a length of service of 3-38 years (mean of 12.3 years). Mild pulmonary function impairment was found in 7.4% of subjects. About 61% of subjects had a smoking habit but with a low addiction index (FTND) and exCO. Decreased lung function was correlated to BMI and age (P<0.05). Conclusion: Pulmonary function impairment in traffic policemen in Bogor City was correlated to age and BMI.]]>
<![CDATA[Risk Factors Affecting Respiratory Symptoms and Impaired Lung Function of Palm Oil Mill Workers in the District of Kandis ]]>
<![CDATA[Surya Hajar Fitria Dana]]>;
<![CDATA[Indi Esha]]>;
<![CDATA[Faisal Yunus]]>;
<![CDATA[Adrianison Adrianison]]>;
<![CDATA[Azizman Saad]]>;
<![CDATA[Ridha Restilla]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Respirologi Indonesia Vol 41, No 3 (2021) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Perhimpunan Dokter Paru Indonesia (PDPI)/The Indonesian Society of Respirology (ISR) ]]>
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DOI: 10.36497/jri.v41i3.194
<![CDATA[Background: Air pollution that exposed to human have been a problem all over the world and caused a variety of lung disease. Gases and particles emitted from industry including sulfur oxide, nitrogen oxide, and particulate matter may lead to decreasing lung function. Sulfur dioxide is one of the highest causes of air pollution at the highest level. Workers exposure to gases were vulnerable to respiratory function abnormality. Methods: A study on the effect of risk factors and sulfur dioxide exposure on lung function of palm oil workers in the district of Kandis was carried out in December 2019–January 2020. The research aim at describing sulfur dioxide air ambient in palm oil mill as well as respiratory state of palm oil workers and analyzing sulfur dioxide exposure and lung function relationship. Result: The result showed that sulfur dioxide concentration in outdoor 25.7 µg/Nm3 and indoor 20.6 µg/Nm3. The result of spirometry showed obstruction in 13% of the workers. Breathlessness and productive cough are the most common symptoms. Several factors that correlated with lung function namely as personal protective equipment (p=0.001), length of working (p=0.003), and smoking habit (p=0.004). From multivariate analysis, personal protective equipment has a significant correlation with lung function (p=0.038). Conclusion: Increasing the concentration of sulfur dioxide may cause decreased of lung function but other factor like personal protective equipment showed a significant correlation with lung function.]]>
<![CDATA[Correlation Between Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Pulmonary Tuberculosis at Atma Jaya Hospital ]]>
<![CDATA[Mario Steffanus]]>;
<![CDATA[Anastasia Pratiwi Fodianto]]>;
<![CDATA[Jessica Novia Hadiyanto]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Respirologi Indonesia Vol 41, No 3 (2021) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Perhimpunan Dokter Paru Indonesia (PDPI)/The Indonesian Society of Respirology (ISR) ]]>
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DOI: 10.36497/jri.v41i3.184
<![CDATA[Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is considered one of the factors that increase the risk of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). Tuberculosis in Indonesia is severe and ranked second in the world after India. Previous studies suggested that DM increased the risk of developing pulmonary TB by 2–5 times. This study was conducted to determine the effect of type 2 DM on the incidence of pulmonary TB at Atma Jaya Hospital. Methods: This was a case-control study conducted at Atma Jaya Hospital from December 2016 to April 2017 using medical records. Data were further processed by pairing gender and age between case and control groups. A total of 121 samples were obtained and tested using McNemar paired correlation non-parametric analysis. Results: The incidence of pulmonary TB was higher in men than women with a ratio of 2.1:1 and within the productive age range of 27–46 years. The percentage of type 2 DM in pulmonary TB cases was 70% (35 samples) compared to 30% (15 samples) without DM with a total of 50 samples in the case group. The percentage of type 2 DM in the control group without pulmonary TB was 46.5% (33 samples) compared to 53.5% (38 samples) without DM with a total of 71 samples in the control group. Based on the statistical analysis, the P=0.013 and the OR (odds ratio) was 2.20. Conclusion: There was a significant correlation between type 2 DM and the incidence of pulmonary TB in Atma Jaya Hospital with the risk of pulmonary TB 2.20 times higher than those without type 2 DM.]]>
<![CDATA[Case Report Tuberculosis of The Prostate: Findings of Post Transurethral Resection of Prostate (TURP) Procedure ]]>
<![CDATA[Kadek Mien Dwi Cahyani]]>;
<![CDATA[Ni Made Dwita Yaniswari]]>;
<![CDATA[Novitasari Novitasari]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Respirologi Indonesia Vol 41, No 3 (2021) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Perhimpunan Dokter Paru Indonesia (PDPI)/The Indonesian Society of Respirology (ISR) ]]>
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DOI: 10.36497/jri.v41i3.188
<![CDATA[Background: Prostate tuberculosis (PTB) is one of extra pulmonary tuberculosis which potentially has more frequent fatal complications and more severe quality of life deterioration. It is a very rare disease, with prevalence of 2.6% of all urogenital tuberculosis (UGTB). Prostate tuberculosis may be a sexually transmitted disease and leads to sexual dysfunction. Case: Male, 54 years old, with urinary retention, dysuria, flank pain in the last 1-month, recurrent urinary tract infection in the past 1 year and decrease body weight of 8 kg in 1 month. Physical examination demonstrates enlarged prostate. Patient was referred to Wangaya Hospital with benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) and suspect malignancy. After underwent clinical and supporting examination, patient underwent TURP procedure. Histopathology examination revealed PTB. Patient was then treated with first line anti-tuberculosis drug (ATD). Discussion: Multiple risk factors are involved in TB disease. PTB spread occur through hematogenous, lymphatic, or direct routes. Clinical features and supporting examinations of PTB are non-specific. Diagnosis often made through incidental histology finding post TURP. Standard ATD regiment administered based on World Health Organization (WHO) guideline. Duration can be prolonged due to suboptimal concentration to prostate tissue. Conclusion: Multidisciplinary approach for extra pulmonary TB is needed. Thorough history taking, and high index of suspicion are important aspects. PTB diagnosis should be considered in patients with recurrent lower urinary tract symptoms refractory to standard therapy in TB endemic area.]]>
<![CDATA[Exhaled Carbon Monoxide (eCO) and Serum CC16 Levels in Active Smokers ]]>
<![CDATA[Fitri Indah Sari]]>;
<![CDATA[Tri Wahju Astuti]]>;
<![CDATA[Teguh Rahayu Sartono]]>;
<![CDATA[Garinda Alma Duta]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Respirologi Indonesia Vol 41, No 3 (2021) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Perhimpunan Dokter Paru Indonesia (PDPI)/The Indonesian Society of Respirology (ISR) ]]>
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DOI: 10.36497/jri.v41i3.181
<![CDATA[Background: Toxic particles within tobacco smoke are responsible for several respiratory system problems. Among these toxic particles is Carbon Monoxide (CO), produced from environment and Heme Oxygenase induction. Expiratory CO levels can be measured using CO analyzer. CC16 is a pneumoprotein produced by club cells in distal respiratory tract. In acute condition, CC16 level will increase to maintain homeostasis and anti-inflammation. In chronic condition, i.e. in smokers, CC16 will decrease, following destruction of Club cell. This study aims to determine exhaled CO (eCO) levels and serum CC16 levels in active smokers. Methods: This cross-sectional analytical study design has 40 samples of healthy smokers in Brawijaya University who consents to the research from October 2019 until June 2020. The minimum consumption amount is 1 cigarette per day for at least 1 year. eCO levels are measured using CO analyzer (Smokelyzer), while ELISA is used to measure serum CC16 levels. Results: Among 40 subjects, mean eCO level is 10.18 ± 7.42 ppm. Mean serum CC16 level is 3.17 ± 1.78 ng/mL, lower than normal value of 6.4 ng/mL (Lomas et al., 2008). Conclusion: eCO levels increases and serum CC16 level decreases in active smokers, who smokes at least 1 cigarette/day for at least 1 year. This indicates that CO from tobacco smoke could irritate and damage the Club cells in the respiratory system.]]>
<![CDATA[Correlation Between Leukocyte Differential Counts with The Severity and Outcome of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Patients In Jember ]]>
<![CDATA[Angga Mardro Raharjo]]>;
<![CDATA[Eprila Darma Sari]]>;
<![CDATA[Diana Chusna Mufida]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Respirologi Indonesia Vol 41, No 3 (2021) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Perhimpunan Dokter Paru Indonesia (PDPI)/The Indonesian Society of Respirology (ISR) ]]>
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DOI: 10.36497/jri.v41i3.186
<![CDATA[Background: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an acute respiratory disease caused by new strain of RNA viruses named Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Hematological changes, especially leukocyte differential counts, presumed to be a predictor of the severity and outcome of COVID-19 patients. This study aimed to analyze the correlation between leukocyte differential counts with the severity and outcome of COVID-19 patients. Methods: This study was conducted using a cross-sectional analytic observational method, through secondary data analysis of COVID-19 patients who were tested positive by Reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) and hospitalized between April–November 2020 at Citra Husada Jember, Kaliwates Jember, and Jember Klinik Hospital. Results: From 267 patients, there were 139 female patients (52.1%) and 128 male patients (47.9%). There was a positive correlation on leukocytes, neutrophil, and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) with the severity and outcome of the patients, and negative correlation on eosinophils, lymphocytes, and monocytes (P 0.05) Conclusion: Leukocyte differential counts examination could be a predictor of the severity and outcome of COVID-19 patients, especially neutrophils, lymphocytes, and NLR.]]>
<![CDATA[Covid-19 Patient Condition at Early Pandemic in Jakarta ]]>
<![CDATA[Andika Chandra Putra]]>;
<![CDATA[Wiwien Heru Wiyono]]>;
<![CDATA[Mohammad Fahmi Alatas]]>;
<![CDATA[Aulya Fairuz]]>;
<![CDATA[Fransiska Fransiska]]>;
<![CDATA[Bettia Bermawi]]>;
<![CDATA[Ratna Moniqa]]>;
<![CDATA[Hendra Koncoro]]>;
<![CDATA[Laurentius Aswin Pramono]]>;
<![CDATA[Maria Edith Sulistio]]>;
<![CDATA[Ramzi Ramzi]]>;
<![CDATA[Robert Sinto]]>;
<![CDATA[Rachmat Hamonangan]]>;
<![CDATA[C. Krismini Dwi Irianti]]>;
<![CDATA[JB Endrotomo Sumargono]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Respirologi Indonesia Vol 41, No 3 (2021) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Perhimpunan Dokter Paru Indonesia (PDPI)/The Indonesian Society of Respirology (ISR) ]]>
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DOI: 10.36497/jri.v41i3.193
<![CDATA[Background: COVID-19 is a disease caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) that has become a pandemic. It became apparent that COVID-19 transmitting from person to person. The clinical manifestations and characteristics of COVID-19 encompassing from asymptomatic infection until severe pneumonia and death. This study aimed to describe and compare the characteristics between COVID-19 suspected patients and confirmed patients at an early pandemic in Jakarta, Indonesia. Methods: A cross-sectional design was used in this study. Data were collected from March to April 2020 using the electronic health record reporting database, initial laboratory tests, and RT-PCR for SARS-CoV-2 results. There were 58 subjects: 43 COVID-19 confirmed patients and 15 COVID-19 suspected patients. Results: Male was found predominantly in COVID-19 confirmed patients than female. The mean age of confirmed patients was 49,6 years old. Nearly half of the confirmed patients had comorbidities namely hypertension and diabetes mellitus. Fever and cough were the most common presenting symptoms, and they were also found in suspected patients. Confirmed patients tended to have lymphopenia and neutrophilia. Pulmonary infiltrate was the most common feature in both confirmed and suspected patients. Conclusion: There were no significant differences found between COVID-19 confirmed and suspected cases regarding demographic characteristics, comorbidities, presenting symptoms, physical examination results, laboratory tests, and chest x-ray results. COVID-19 confirmed patients had a history of exposure to COVID-19 confirmed patients.]]>
<![CDATA[Correlation of Ceramic Dust Content in Workplace with Lung Function in Ceramics Industry Workers of X Company, Mabar, Medan ]]>
<![CDATA[Endy Todo Sirait]]>;
<![CDATA[Amira Permatasari Tarigan]]>;
<![CDATA[Nuryunita Nainggolan]]>;
<![CDATA[Putri Chairani Eyanoer]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Respirologi Indonesia Vol 41, No 3 (2021) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Perhimpunan Dokter Paru Indonesia (PDPI)/The Indonesian Society of Respirology (ISR) ]]>
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DOI: 10.36497/jri.v41i3.187
<![CDATA[Background: Workers in the ceramics industry are often exposed to silica content which is unwittingly inhaled and deposited in the lungs. Macrophages will release Interleukin 8 (IL-8), a chemoattractant that causes neutrophil recruitment to the alveoli and releases proteolytic enzymes that damage the lung parenchyma and cause a decrease in lung function. This study aimed to determine whether dust level correlate with IL-8 serum in ceramic industry workers. Method: This research is an analytic study with a cross-sectional design conducted in March–June 2019 in the X Ceramic Industry in Mabar, Medan. Personal Dust Sampler was used to measure dust level of the study subjects at work sites. Lung function was measured by spirometry. Statistical analysis was performed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software. Results: A total of 35 male workers were divided into 3 working sections, 11 (31.4%) in the pre-compression section, 13 (37.1%) in the compression section and 11 (31.4%) in the sintering section. Dust levels at each working section were 24.8, 29.2, and 6.11, respectively. The lung function examination showed restrictive impairment in 21 subjects (60%). Statistical analysis showed that the higher the level of dust in the workplace, the lower the value of Forced Expiratory Volume 1 (FEV1) and Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) values, although this correlation was not statistically significant (r = -0.03 and -0.22 respectively; p> 0.05). Conclusion: There was no significant relationship between workplace dust levels and lung function in ceramic workers.]]>
<![CDATA[Pleura Fluid Leukocyte Levels Test in Establish of Pleura Tuberculosis Effusion in Exudative Pleural Effusion Patients at H. Adam Malik General Hospital Medan in 2018 ]]>
<![CDATA[Selvy Wulandari]]>;
<![CDATA[Fajrinur Syahrani]]>;
<![CDATA[Ade Rahmaini]]>;
<![CDATA[Putri Chairani Eyanoer]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Respirologi Indonesia Vol 41, No 3 (2021) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Perhimpunan Dokter Paru Indonesia (PDPI)/The Indonesian Society of Respirology (ISR) ]]>
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DOI: 10.36497/jri.v41i3.182
<![CDATA[Background: Tuberculous pleural effusion is an accumulation of fluid in the pleural cavity produced by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB). The gold standard of TB pleural effusion diagnosis is to obtain TB bacilli in pleural fluid or pleural tissue. However, this is often constrained due to the low identification level of these bacilli and the slow growth of MTB cultures. This study aimed to assess the pleural fluid leukocyte level in establishing a diagnosis of pleural effusion caused by TB. Methods: This was a diagnostic study conducted on 111 patients with pleural effusion, caused by TB, malignancy or non-TB infections that were assigned by supporting examinations obtained from medical records, which then assessed for pleural fluid leukocytes. Statistical analysis was performed using Kruskal Wallis Test and Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve to attain the cut-off point of pleural fluid leukocyte level. Results: Pleural fluid leukocyte levels in TB cases were significantly different when compared to pleural effusion caused by malignancy and non-TB infections (P<0.001). Pleural fluid leukocyte level ≥1100 cell/mm3 was a cut-off diagnostic test for tuberculous pleural effusion with a sensitivity of 77% and specificity of 60.3%. Conclusion: Pleural fluid leukocyte level ≥1100 cell/mm3 could assist in diagnosing tuberculous pleural effusion.]]>
